139:
138:
586:
6538:
789:
6548:
42:
929:
The religion was formally established in
Tianjin, and by the mid 18th century it had spread throughout north China. Mass following was founded on the work of Yin Ruo (1729-1806; alias Yin Laifeng and Yin Zhongshan), the second great patriarch in the history of the sect. In 1766, Yin founded the first
965:
officials carried out various investigations to verify the orthodoxy of the sect, always concluding that it was orthodox and contributed to the economy and morality of the population. Some officials advised the throne not only to recognise the sect, but even to encourage it to counter the growing
1045:
The most characteristic element of
Zailiism is the emphasis on physical purity and abstinence from addictive substances. Zailiism spread as members founded charities and campaigned for abstinence from alcohol, tobacco, and opium, and offering cures for the addicts. Zaili followers developed drug
996:
The sect grew rapidly in the last years of the Qing dynasty and in the early republic. Zaili adherents operated a large number of lodges and took over some disrepaired temples of other religions. By the late 19th century it had already established a strong presence in
902:. Although anxious to take up an official position, Yang remained in Jimo to care for his aged mother. After her death he became a religious leader, and there are different accounts about how this happened. Some sources attribute this to a vision or encounter with
934:) in the suburbs of Tianjin; common houses became the basic and characteristic organisation units of Zailiism. They are both temples and meeting houses, and early common houses were rooms in private homes and village temples. By the
921:). At the age of eighty he took ten disciples, who were sent in different directions to spread the teaching. Yang, thanks to his techniques of meditation and refinement, reputedly died at the age of 133.
677:
691:
917:. Here he remained for ten years in meditation in the Lanshui Cave, he purified himself and formulated his philosophical teachings revolving around the Eight Proscriptions (
2958:
3049:
5491:
5340:
819:
387:
6397:
1053:
Zaili members also founded the "China's
General Association for the Prevention of Alcohol and Tobacco According to the Righteously Good Teachings" (中華全國理善勸戒煙酒總會
2483:
6349:
3697:
949:, who more than parish priests were holy men and moral exemplars, who led few yearly rituals of the sect. The administrative counterpart was the "manager" (
5385:
5312:
1584:
684:
5636:
5185:
1562:
5476:
5350:
5335:
6572:
6577:
5496:
1017:
appealed to the national government to have the ban lifted. In August 1929 the
Ministry of the Interior gave explicit approval to Zailiism.
5961:
2953:
585:
6079:
5360:
4956:
1478:
812:
6289:
6019:
5901:
5355:
3935:
1847:
6339:
5160:
2368:
539:
6392:
3945:
263:
6354:
6249:
5375:
5370:
5326:
4951:
3795:
3017:
2002:
463:
6209:
6034:
5307:
4321:
4262:
4149:
4028:
3960:
2346:
1984:
1903:
1523:
1491:
1458:
1182:
1151:
805:
594:
484:
117:
6359:
5774:
5511:
5170:
5019:
4941:
4363:
3405:
2916:
1555:
890:
491:
52:
6417:
6219:
3427:
2135:
498:
368:
1101:" means "abiding principle", "staying in principle", "staying in truth", "remaining faithful to the universal truth"; "
6582:
6427:
6139:
6134:
5906:
4424:
4385:
3940:
3854:
3422:
3086:
1752:
935:
848:
5200:
5145:
4841:
3581:
3169:
3076:
1747:
1689:
456:
420:
361:
242:
6452:
6241:
6099:
5551:
4434:
4316:
4213:
3844:
3474:
3275:
2997:
2129:
1881:
1718:
1673:
514:
1442:
5956:
5916:
5871:
5661:
5651:
5456:
5205:
5030:
4966:
4936:
4826:
4591:
4500:
4468:
4429:
4341:
3238:
2463:
2399:
1869:
1854:
1548:
1002:
752:
941:
Common houses were run by two layers of leadership: ritual and administrative. The ritual ministers were the
6407:
6344:
6294:
6254:
6199:
5834:
5829:
5719:
5666:
5556:
5486:
5282:
5088:
5003:
4208:
4186:
3985:
3807:
3332:
2948:
2875:
2559:
1930:
1730:
1639:
945:, celibate men who engaged in a strict self-cultivation regimen. In Tianjin every common house had a single
176:
169:
6274:
6169:
6129:
6109:
5966:
5941:
5846:
5819:
5769:
5739:
5729:
5646:
5611:
5596:
5581:
5536:
5471:
5140:
5071:
4976:
4971:
4712:
4635:
4397:
4279:
4203:
4000:
3990:
3849:
3817:
3755:
3726:
3228:
3012:
2893:
2853:
2638:
1979:
1974:
1954:
1950:
1069:
546:
336:
6515:
6460:
6377:
6329:
6304:
6104:
5926:
5921:
5789:
5779:
5601:
5277:
5215:
5035:
4981:
4402:
4380:
4299:
3906:
3345:
3196:
2326:
1925:
1837:
864:
670:
256:
217:
128:
4240:
3216:
2162:
1427:
Chinese
Redemptive Societies and Salvationist Religion: Historical Phenomenon or Sociological Category?
6505:
6495:
6480:
6387:
6314:
6284:
6259:
6224:
6184:
6179:
6154:
6024:
5946:
5896:
5876:
5866:
5754:
5701:
5676:
5526:
5521:
5501:
5466:
5451:
5395:
5165:
5098:
5066:
4946:
4881:
4747:
4625:
4552:
4478:
4358:
4257:
4169:
4137:
4132:
3980:
3712:
3598:
3081:
2965:
2549:
2309:
1920:
1864:
1815:
1800:
1653:
773:
470:
181:
6510:
6485:
6465:
6442:
6369:
6319:
6299:
6214:
6204:
6159:
6119:
6074:
6069:
6059:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6029:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5971:
5881:
5856:
5734:
5724:
5686:
5656:
5641:
5626:
5616:
5606:
5571:
5566:
5516:
5461:
5436:
5380:
5237:
5220:
5108:
5103:
5093:
4961:
4762:
4675:
4620:
4596:
4483:
4441:
4368:
4326:
4121:
3970:
3390:
3265:
3044:
2831:
2716:
2644:
2534:
2468:
2455:
2282:
1935:
1759:
1605:
1033:, corresponding to 0.8% of the total population. There is a Chinese United Church of Liism (中华理教总会
759:
415:
6547:
1426:
6490:
6470:
6437:
6334:
6324:
6269:
6264:
6194:
6174:
6164:
6149:
6144:
6124:
6094:
6089:
6064:
6054:
5986:
5951:
5936:
5841:
5814:
5804:
5764:
5749:
5744:
5696:
5691:
5631:
5586:
5546:
5441:
5428:
5230:
5210:
5135:
5008:
4831:
4505:
4463:
4304:
4272:
4247:
4174:
4154:
3975:
3923:
3911:
3889:
3481:
3439:
3312:
3137:
3132:
3127:
2926:
2710:
2686:
1989:
1737:
1683:
1001:, and by the early 20th century it started to exhibit a national character. It even spread among
910:
745:
619:
527:
3593:
2065:
1464:
Tertitski, Konstantin (2007). "Zailijiao in Russia: A Chinese
Syncretic Religion in Diaspora".
6541:
6475:
6432:
6422:
6412:
6402:
6309:
6229:
6189:
6114:
6084:
5976:
5931:
5911:
5886:
5861:
5824:
5809:
5784:
5759:
5671:
5621:
5576:
5561:
5541:
5531:
5506:
5446:
5390:
5150:
4926:
4522:
4493:
4451:
4417:
4412:
4373:
4267:
4252:
4230:
4225:
4164:
4005:
3899:
3785:
3603:
3551:
3521:
3501:
3322:
3117:
3098:
3093:
3007:
2975:
2970:
2691:
2606:
2529:
2427:
2417:
2385:
2373:
2341:
2318:
2300:
2196:
2051:
1959:
1945:
1908:
1896:
1725:
1644:
1596:
1519:
1487:
1454:
1178:
766:
696:
560:
553:
405:
249:
1497:
6500:
6382:
6279:
5891:
5851:
5799:
5794:
5711:
5681:
5591:
5481:
5345:
5297:
5292:
4851:
4816:
4789:
4547:
4532:
4456:
4446:
4407:
4331:
4181:
4159:
4067:
3928:
3707:
3670:
3526:
3511:
3459:
3243:
3223:
3191:
3186:
3164:
3157:
3152:
3064:
3054:
2863:
2827:
2819:
2790:
2703:
2623:
2618:
2581:
2571:
2497:
2435:
2277:
2114:
1964:
1622:
662:
631:
626:
435:
380:
235:
2753:
1005:. By the 1920s the sect had an established presence in all major cities of China, and when
6551:
5175:
5155:
4645:
4537:
4527:
4196:
3864:
3655:
3635:
3566:
3531:
3464:
3248:
3174:
3147:
3122:
3059:
2810:
2524:
2041:
1842:
1768:
1708:
1663:
1632:
990:
986:
793:
579:
430:
2478:
5302:
5190:
5130:
4846:
4821:
4606:
4510:
4392:
4336:
4289:
3702:
3650:
3546:
3516:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3469:
3365:
3285:
3258:
3211:
3201:
2213:
1876:
1859:
1678:
1658:
1627:
638:
410:
375:
6566:
5225:
4779:
4660:
4052:
4047:
3995:
3894:
3832:
3770:
3665:
3556:
3454:
3385:
3317:
3307:
3270:
3206:
3142:
3103:
3069:
2987:
2883:
2846:
2765:
2738:
2673:
2124:
2075:
1780:
974:
425:
275:
989:. Although the uprising was crushed, the tensions festered and reemerged within the
5365:
5267:
5123:
4811:
4806:
4784:
4774:
4655:
4087:
4022:
3965:
3950:
3916:
3541:
3449:
3253:
2906:
2445:
2336:
2331:
2182:
2152:
1994:
1742:
1713:
1700:
1437:
967:
962:
885:
703:
614:
510:
188:
3588:
2233:
2026:
5287:
5262:
5081:
5049:
5040:
4986:
4916:
4901:
4794:
4685:
4346:
4294:
4144:
4082:
3800:
3780:
3645:
3620:
3561:
3299:
3295:
3108:
2596:
2544:
2514:
2407:
2351:
2205:
2097:
2021:
1886:
1822:
1773:
1058:
978:
643:
602:
329:
1046:
rehabilitation centres using herbal medicines and self-cultivation techniques (
938:
some of them had evolved into elaborate complexes of buildings and courtyards.
788:
5253:
5248:
5118:
5113:
5076:
5054:
4911:
4891:
4886:
4727:
4717:
4680:
4284:
4092:
4062:
4010:
3750:
3395:
3375:
2931:
2911:
2836:
2775:
2539:
2519:
2440:
2092:
2060:
2031:
1810:
1805:
1790:
607:
287:
41:
2681:
888:
by Yang Zai (1621–1754; alias Yang
Chengqing or Yang Rulai), a holder of the
5195:
4991:
4906:
4896:
4767:
4722:
4707:
4640:
4488:
3955:
3877:
3837:
3827:
3790:
3765:
3745:
3640:
3506:
3360:
3350:
3112:
3032:
3027:
2938:
2748:
2733:
2698:
2663:
2576:
2356:
2272:
2251:
2246:
2223:
2218:
2177:
2172:
2109:
2046:
1969:
1940:
1891:
1832:
1785:
998:
738:
721:
477:
317:
310:
2628:
2157:
4998:
4742:
4732:
4587:
4311:
4235:
4077:
4057:
3884:
3760:
3615:
3179:
2901:
2841:
2760:
2668:
2655:
2633:
2613:
2591:
2586:
2566:
2506:
2473:
2412:
2256:
2241:
2119:
2080:
2036:
1827:
1764:
1668:
1571:
1480:
The Sacred
Village: Social Change and Religious Life in Rural North China
1014:
899:
305:
212:
200:
17:
5272:
4871:
4836:
4757:
4670:
4611:
4515:
4218:
4072:
3822:
3775:
3660:
3536:
3355:
2780:
2743:
2554:
2104:
2070:
1913:
1614:
1010:
1006:
982:
914:
903:
860:
726:
572:
343:
322:
280:
205:
157:
72:
5180:
5059:
5044:
4863:
4752:
4737:
4695:
4601:
4542:
4473:
4351:
3625:
3380:
3370:
3233:
3039:
3022:
2982:
2943:
2858:
2785:
2393:
2363:
2087:
1075:
1030:
961:
The spread of
Zailiism did not go unnoticed, and in the 19th century
856:
655:
520:
193:
3571:
1443:
Chinese
Religiosities: Afflictions of Modernity and State Formation
4876:
4650:
4630:
4615:
4191:
4017:
3812:
3675:
3630:
3610:
3280:
2770:
2167:
2013:
1795:
1026:
852:
953:), a lay who cared for the daily activities of the common house.
4801:
4690:
2601:
895:
153:
5416:
4569:
4119:
1582:
1544:
1050:), which were said to fully cure two hundred addicts per year.
4700:
4665:
3340:
2677:
1029:
province since the late 1990s. It also has 186,000 members in
733:
584:
1540:
164:
1535:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1245:
104:
1232:
1230:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1200:
855:, founded in the 17th century by Yang Zai. It claims a
1009:
province outlawed it in 1929, influential leaders of
884:
Zailiism was founded during the waning years of the
6451:
6368:
6240:
5985:
5710:
5427:
5321:
5246:
5017:
4925:
4862:
4580:
4040:
3863:
3738:
3725:
3690:
3438:
3415:
3404:
3331:
3294:
2996:
2892:
2874:
2818:
2809:
2726:
2654:
2505:
2496:
2454:
2426:
2384:
2317:
2308:
2299:
2265:
2232:
2204:
2195:
2145:
2012:
1699:
1613:
1604:
1595:
100:
86:
78:
66:
58:
48:
29:
1516:Becoming Chinese: Passages to Modernity and Beyond
1055:Zhōnghuá quánguó lǐ shàn quàn jièyān jiǔ zǒng huì
1432:Journal of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and Folklore
1472:. Taipei: Fu Jen Catholic University: 414–443.
1556:
835:(在理教, the "Way of the Abiding Principle") or
813:
8:
859:identity and is centered on the worship of
5424:
5413:
4577:
4566:
4116:
3735:
3412:
2815:
2502:
2314:
2305:
2201:
1610:
1601:
1592:
1579:
1563:
1549:
1541:
909:He certainly migrated to the mountains of
820:
806:
685:Universal Church of the Way and its Virtue
111:
95:), White-Clad Way (白衣道), Octagon Way (八方道)
1236:
973:In 1891, Zaili lodges led an uprising in
1518:. University of California Press, 2000.
867:, the "Only God of the Unlimited" (无极只神
1446:. University of California Press, 2008.
1166:
1105:" means a "teaching" or "transmission".
1086:
127:
1451:The Religious Question in Modern China
1372:
1328:
1316:
1295:
1276:
1255:
1212:
26:
1453:. University of Chicago Press, 2011.
7:
1025:Zailiism returned active in China's
1466:International Sinological Symposium
5386:Religions and spiritual traditions
1585:Religious groups and denominations
1118:, "transmission of the principle".
981:discontent with privileges of the
25:
1449:Vincent Goossaert, David Palmer.
388:Chinese Folk Temples' Association
91:Liism, Gate of the Principle (理门
6546:
6537:
6536:
6350:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
5492:Democratic Republic of the Congo
925:18th century: Yin Ruo leadership
787:
369:Lineage associations or churches
264:Chinese spiritual world concepts
137:
40:
4952:Evolutionary origin of religion
464:Chinese communal deity religion
6573:Chinese salvationist religions
5308:Separation of church and state
3961:Polytheistic reconstructionism
1486:. University of Hawaii Press.
1393:Goossaert, Palmer. 2011. p. 98
1358:Goossaert, Palmer. 2011. p. 98
1349:Goossaert, Palmer. 2011. p. 98
1340:Goossaert, Palmer. 2011. p. 98
1307:Goossaert, Palmer. 2011. p. 98
1267:Goossaert, Palmer. 2011. p. 98
1194:Goossaert, Palmer. 2011. p. 98
1057:), that was recognized by the
505:Main philosophical traditions:
485:Chinese mother goddess worship
1:
6578:Chinese folk religion in Asia
2917:Traditional Sabahan religions
1477:Dubois, Thomas David (2005).
1434:, V. 172, 2011, p. 21-72
1175:Exploring Religions in Motion
492:Northeast China folk religion
53:Chinese salvationist religion
1037:) and other smaller bodies.
993:at the turn of the century.
847:(八方道 "Octagonal Way"), is a
595:Salvation churches and sects
499:Traditional Chinese Medicine
5161:National religiosity levels
4386:Nauruan Indigenous religion
3941:Hellenism (modern religion)
1177:. Walter de Gruyter, 2003.
849:Chinese folk religious sect
678:Indonesian Confucian Church
540:Folk ritual masters' orders
6599:
863:as the incarnation of the
843:(白衣道 "White-Clad Way") or
589:Zhenkong, "Void of Truth".
457:Chinese ancestral religion
362:Associations of good-doing
243:Chinese gods and immortals
6532:
5423:
5412:
4576:
4565:
4128:
4115:
3845:Transcendental Meditation
1591:
1578:
1061:government in June 1913.
1021:Contemporary developments
865:principle of the universe
39:
5477:Central African Republic
2464:Vietnamese folk religion
1855:Charismatic Christianity
1003:ethnic Chinese in Russia
839:(理教), also known as the
753:Vietnamese folk religion
356:Institutions and temples
5371:New religious movements
5004:Theories about religion
4957:Evolutionary psychology
3986:Modern Finnish paganism
1931:Independent Catholicism
1035:Zhōnghuá Lǐjiào Zǒnghuì
936:early republican period
6020:Bosnia and Herzegovina
4001:Erzyan native religion
3850:Unitarian Universalism
3229:Native American Church
1975:Oneness Pentecostalism
1152:traditional characters
1070:New religious movement
590:
567:Devotional traditions:
6340:Saint Kitts and Nevis
5637:São Tomé and Príncipe
5497:Republic of the Congo
3698:Aboriginal Australian
2327:Chinese folk religion
957:19th and 20th century
671:Holy Confucian Church
588:
257:Chinese creation myth
130:Chinese folk religion
105:http://www.liism.org/
5962:United Arab Emirates
4748:Religious experience
4122:Historical religions
3082:Four Mothers Society
2484:Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương
1816:Schwenkfelder Church
1438:Mayfair Mei-hui Yang
879:
774:Zhuang folk religion
471:Chinese food therapy
452:Major cultural forms
6355:Trinidad and Tobago
6250:Antigua and Barbuda
5418:Religion by country
4474:Cult of Magna Mater
2954:Philippine Dayawism
2535:Nimbarka Sampradaya
2283:Chinese Manichaeism
1955:Jehovah's Witnesses
1760:Proto-Protestantism
1331:, pp. 111–112.
1224:Palmer, 2011. p. 27
794:Religion portal
760:Qiang folk religion
448:Internal traditions
6583:Religion in Taiwan
6290:Dominican Republic
5336:Abrahamic prophets
4425:Proto-Indo-Iranian
2927:Aliran Kepercayaan
2130:Non-denominational
2052:Modernist Salafism
1738:Oriental Orthodoxy
1411:Yang, 2008. p. 213
977:, in a climate of
746:Miao folk religion
663:Confucian churches
620:Maitreya teachings
591:
534:Ritual traditions:
6560:
6559:
6528:
6527:
6524:
6523:
5512:Equatorial Guinea
5408:
5407:
5404:
5403:
4942:Cognitive science
4561:
4560:
4494:Mysteries of Isis
4268:Frankish paganism
4111:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4103:
4102:
3855:White Brotherhood
3721:
3720:
3686:
3685:
3087:Keetoowah Society
2988:Sundanese Wiwitan
2805:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2530:Brahma Sampradaya
2492:
2491:
2295:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2273:Assianism/Uatsdin
2191:
2190:
1960:British Israelism
1946:Nontrinitarianism
1909:Plymouth Brethren
1904:Nondenominational
1838:Congregationalism
1726:Eastern Orthodoxy
1674:Reconstructionist
1402:Yeh, 2000. p. 344
985:nobility and the
830:
829:
767:Yao folk religion
716:Related religions
561:Chinese shamanism
554:Nuo folk religion
547:Jitong mediumship
337:Jitong mediumship
250:Chinese mythology
110:
109:
96:
16:(Redirected from
6590:
6550:
6540:
6539:
6418:Papua New Guinea
6393:Marshall Islands
6220:Northern Ireland
5425:
5414:
5298:Secular theology
5293:Secular humanism
4578:
4567:
4442:Ancestral Pueblo
4117:
3736:
3413:
2816:
2572:Shaiva Siddhanta
2503:
2436:Korean shamanism
2315:
2306:
2202:
2115:Mahdawi movement
1985:Swedenborgianism
1965:Christadelphians
1611:
1602:
1593:
1580:
1565:
1558:
1551:
1542:
1536:Official website
1511:
1509:
1508:
1502:
1496:. Archived from
1485:
1473:
1412:
1409:
1403:
1400:
1394:
1391:
1385:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1359:
1356:
1350:
1347:
1341:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1305:
1299:
1293:
1280:
1274:
1268:
1265:
1259:
1253:
1240:
1237:Tertitski (2007)
1234:
1225:
1222:
1216:
1210:
1195:
1192:
1186:
1171:
1155:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1131:
1125:
1119:
1112:
1106:
1091:
822:
815:
808:
792:
791:
692:Phoenix churches
632:Tianxian miaodao
627:Tiandi teachings
478:Chinese geomancy
381:Ancestral shrine
344:Precious scrolls
236:Chinese theology
141:
131:
123:
120:
112:
101:Official website
90:
82:1948: 15 million
44:
27:
21:
6598:
6597:
6593:
6592:
6591:
6589:
6588:
6587:
6563:
6562:
6561:
6556:
6520:
6447:
6428:Solomon Islands
6364:
6236:
6140:North Macedonia
5981:
5706:
5419:
5400:
5361:Mass gatherings
5329:
5324:
5317:
5256:
5251:
5242:
5176:Religiocentrism
5156:National church
5024:
5021:
5013:
4928:
4921:
4858:
4780:Bodies of water
4572:
4557:
4342:Jamaican Maroon
4124:
4099:
4036:
3866:
3859:
3730:
3728:
3717:
3682:
3656:Trinidad Orisha
3441:
3434:
3407:
3400:
3327:
3290:
3276:Washat Dreamers
2999:
2992:
2888:
2870:
2797:
2771:Srilankan Vedda
2722:
2650:
2525:Sri Vaishnavism
2488:
2450:
2422:
2380:
2287:
2261:
2228:
2187:
2141:
2066:Twelver Shi'ism
2008:
1870:Neo-charismatic
1843:Presbyterianism
1695:
1587:
1574:
1569:
1532:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1494:
1483:
1476:
1463:
1421:
1416:
1415:
1410:
1406:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1371:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1335:
1327:
1323:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1294:
1283:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1254:
1243:
1235:
1228:
1223:
1219:
1211:
1198:
1193:
1189:
1172:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1150:
1146:
1138:
1134:
1126:
1122:
1113:
1109:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1067:
1043:
1023:
991:Boxer Rebellion
987:Catholic Church
959:
927:
882:
880:Yang Zai's life
877:
826:
786:
779:
778:
717:
709:
708:
580:Wang Ye worship
449:
441:
440:
401:
393:
392:
357:
349:
348:
301:
293:
292:
270:Model humanity:
231:
223:
222:
149:
129:
118:
115:
71:
31:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6596:
6594:
6586:
6585:
6580:
6575:
6565:
6564:
6558:
6557:
6555:
6554:
6544:
6533:
6530:
6529:
6526:
6525:
6522:
6521:
6519:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6478:
6473:
6468:
6463:
6457:
6455:
6449:
6448:
6446:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6385:
6380:
6374:
6372:
6366:
6365:
6363:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6277:
6272:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6252:
6246:
6244:
6238:
6237:
6235:
6234:
6233:
6232:
6227:
6222:
6217:
6210:United Kingdom
6207:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5991:
5989:
5983:
5982:
5980:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5838:
5837:
5832:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5716:
5714:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5433:
5431:
5421:
5420:
5417:
5410:
5409:
5406:
5405:
5402:
5401:
5399:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5332:
5330:
5322:
5319:
5318:
5316:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5303:Secularization
5300:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5283:Deconstruction
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5259:
5257:
5247:
5244:
5243:
5241:
5240:
5235:
5234:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5131:Fundamentalism
5128:
5127:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5085:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5064:
5063:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5038:
5033:
5027:
5025:
5018:
5015:
5014:
5012:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4995:
4994:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4933:
4931:
4923:
4922:
4920:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4868:
4866:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4856:
4855:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4772:
4771:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4704:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4609:
4607:Call to prayer
4604:
4599:
4594:
4592:Disaffiliation
4584:
4582:
4574:
4573:
4570:
4563:
4562:
4559:
4558:
4556:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4519:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4498:
4497:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4466:
4461:
4460:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4439:
4438:
4437:
4432:
4422:
4421:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4395:
4390:
4389:
4388:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4371:
4361:
4356:
4355:
4354:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4308:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4290:Greco-Buddhism
4287:
4277:
4276:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4250:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4222:
4221:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4184:
4179:
4178:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4141:
4140:
4129:
4126:
4125:
4120:
4113:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4105:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4044:
4042:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4034:
4033:
4032:
4020:
4015:
4014:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3932:
3931:
3921:
3920:
3919:
3914:
3904:
3903:
3902:
3897:
3887:
3882:
3881:
3880:
3871:
3869:
3861:
3860:
3858:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3841:
3840:
3835:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3742:
3740:
3733:
3723:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3694:
3692:
3688:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3680:
3679:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3651:Tambor de Mina
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3607:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3577:
3576:
3575:
3574:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3446:
3444:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3430:
3428:Guanche church
3419:
3417:
3410:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3337:
3335:
3333:Tibeto-Burmese
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3304:
3302:
3292:
3291:
3289:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3262:
3261:
3256:
3246:
3241:
3239:Nuu-chah-nulth
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3183:
3182:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3148:Muscogee Creek
3145:
3140:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3084:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3015:
3010:
3004:
3002:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2983:Sumbese Marapu
2980:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2963:
2962:
2961:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2921:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2904:
2902:Batak Parmalim
2898:
2896:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2880:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2824:
2822:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2794:
2793:
2788:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2757:
2756:
2751:
2741:
2736:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2720:
2713:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2666:
2660:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2564:
2563:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2511:
2509:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2460:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2432:
2430:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2390:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2371:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2354:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2323:
2321:
2312:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2214:Ilm-e-Khshnoom
2210:
2208:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2090:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2049:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2018:
2016:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1951:Bible Students
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1921:Restorationism
1918:
1917:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1900:
1899:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1877:Evangelicalism
1874:
1873:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1788:
1778:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1740:
1735:
1734:
1733:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1705:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1647:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1619:
1617:
1608:
1599:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1560:
1553:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1531:
1530:External links
1528:
1527:
1526:
1514:Wen-hsin Yeh.
1512:
1492:
1474:
1461:
1447:
1435:
1424:D. A. Palmer.
1420:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1404:
1395:
1386:
1377:
1375:, p. 112.
1360:
1351:
1342:
1333:
1321:
1319:, p. 111.
1309:
1300:
1298:, p. 110.
1281:
1279:, p. 109.
1269:
1260:
1258:, p. 108.
1241:
1226:
1217:
1215:, p. 107.
1196:
1187:
1165:
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1144:
1132:
1120:
1107:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1066:
1063:
1042:
1039:
1022:
1019:
1013:, Tianjin and
958:
955:
930:common house (
926:
923:
881:
878:
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873:
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707:
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659:
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651:Zaili teaching
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629:
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6453:South America
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6360:United States
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6242:North America
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6100:Liechtenstein
6098:
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5573:
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5563:
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5555:
5553:
5552:Guinea-Bissau
5550:
5548:
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5528:
5525:
5523:
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5379:
5377:
5376:Organizations
5374:
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5364:
5362:
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5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5213:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5201:Vegetarianism
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5146:Homosexuality
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
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5002:
5000:
4997:
4993:
4990:
4989:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4967:Neurotheology
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
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4932:
4930:
4924:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
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4853:
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4810:
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4800:
4796:
4793:
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4788:
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4783:
4781:
4778:
4777:
4776:
4773:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4755:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4688:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4661:Folk religion
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
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4608:
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4603:
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4531:
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4526:
4524:
4521:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4503:
4502:
4499:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4484:Imperial cult
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4471:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4458:
4455:
4453:
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4443:
4440:
4436:
4433:
4431:
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4423:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4400:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4387:
4384:
4383:
4382:
4379:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4349:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
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4282:
4281:
4278:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4255:
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4239:
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4234:
4232:
4229:
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4207:
4205:
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4180:
4176:
4173:
4171:
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4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4127:
4123:
4118:
4114:
4094:
4091:
4090:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4053:Discordianism
4051:
4049:
4048:Anthroposophy
4046:
4045:
4043:
4039:
4031:
4030:
4026:
4025:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3996:Mari religion
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
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3901:
3898:
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3879:
3876:
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3870:
3868:
3862:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3833:Neo-Theosophy
3831:
3830:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3771:New Acropolis
3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3741:
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3689:
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3647:
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3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
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3619:
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3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3591:
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3585:
3583:
3579:
3578:
3573:
3570:
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3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
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3540:
3538:
3535:
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3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
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3503:
3500:
3498:
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3490:
3488:
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3480:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
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3466:
3463:
3461:
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3445:
3443:
3437:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3418:
3416:North African
3414:
3411:
3409:
3403:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
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3330:
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3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
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3200:
3199:
3198:
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3190:
3188:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3170:Kwakwakaʼwakw
3168:
3166:
3163:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
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3135:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3079:
3078:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2995:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2964:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2895:
2891:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2876:Austroasiatic
2873:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2848:
2847:Vattisen Yaly
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2821:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2766:Kirat Mundhum
2764:
2762:
2759:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2700:
2697:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2565:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2396:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2383:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2264:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2125:Milah Abraham
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1853:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1781:Protestantism
1779:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1566:
1561:
1559:
1554:
1552:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1503:on 2016-02-14
1499:
1495:
1489:
1482:
1481:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1408:
1405:
1399:
1396:
1390:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1373:Dubois (2005)
1369:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1355:
1352:
1346:
1343:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1329:Dubois (2005)
1325:
1322:
1318:
1317:Dubois (2005)
1313:
1310:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1296:Dubois (2005)
1292:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1277:Dubois (2005)
1273:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1256:Dubois (2005)
1252:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1221:
1218:
1214:
1213:Dubois (2005)
1209:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1191:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1173:Michael Pye.
1170:
1167:
1160:
1153:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1124:
1121:
1117:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1081:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1049:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
994:
992:
988:
984:
980:
976:
971:
969:
966:influence of
964:
956:
954:
952:
948:
944:
939:
937:
933:
924:
922:
920:
916:
912:
907:
905:
901:
897:
893:
892:
887:
874:
872:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
823:
818:
816:
811:
809:
804:
803:
801:
800:
795:
790:
785:
784:
783:
782:
775:
772:
771:
768:
765:
764:
761:
758:
757:
754:
751:
750:
747:
744:
743:
740:
737:
735:
732:
731:
728:
725:
723:
720:
719:
713:
712:
705:
702:
701:
698:
695:
693:
690:
689:
686:
683:
682:
679:
676:
675:
672:
669:
668:
667:
666:
664:
657:
654:
652:
649:
648:
645:
642:
640:
637:
636:
633:
630:
628:
625:
624:
621:
618:
616:
613:
612:
609:
606:
604:
601:
600:
599:
598:
596:
587:
581:
578:
577:
574:
571:
570:
569:
568:
562:
559:
558:
555:
552:
551:
548:
545:
544:
541:
538:
537:
536:
535:
529:
528:Other schools
526:
525:
522:
519:
516:
512:
509:
508:
507:
506:
500:
497:
496:
493:
490:
489:
486:
483:
482:
479:
476:
475:
472:
469:
468:
465:
462:
461:
458:
455:
454:
453:
445:
444:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
403:
397:
396:
389:
386:
385:
382:
379:
377:
374:
373:
370:
367:
366:
363:
360:
359:
353:
352:
345:
342:
341:
338:
335:
334:
331:
328:
327:
324:
321:
319:
316:
315:
312:
309:
307:
304:
303:
297:
296:
289:
286:
285:
282:
279:
277:
274:
273:
272:
271:
265:
262:
261:
258:
255:
254:
251:
248:
247:
244:
241:
240:
237:
234:
233:
227:
226:
219:
216:
214:
211:
210:
207:
204:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
190:
187:
186:
183:
180:
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
166:
163:
162:
159:
155:
152:
151:
145:
144:
140:
136:
135:
132:
126:
121:
114:
113:
106:
103:
99:
94:
89:
87:Other name(s)
85:
81:
77:
74:
70:17th century
69:
65:
61:
57:
54:
51:
47:
43:
38:
35:
28:
19:
5957:Turkmenistan
5917:Saudi Arabia
5662:South Africa
5652:Sierra Leone
5457:Burkina Faso
5366:Names of God
5313:Unaffiliated
5268:Antireligion
5124:Universalism
5072:Assimilation
4937:Anthropology
4812:Supernatural
4807:Spirituality
4775:Sacred space
4763:Purification
4636:Denomination
4590: /
4398:Paleo-Balkan
4364:Mesopotamian
4204:Cook Islands
4175:Old Prussian
4088:UFO religion
4027:
4023:Zalmoxianism
3951:Neoshamanism
3808:Spiritualism
3691:Other ethnic
3580:
3406:Traditional
3366:Bongthingism
3254:Acoma Pueblo
3197:Mesoamerican
2894:Austronesian
2715:
2711:Neo-Buddhism
2643:
2639:Neo-Hinduism
2560:Swaminarayan
2398:
2347:Salvationist
2332:Confucianism
2183:Samaritanism
2153:Ali-Illahism
2134:
2001:
1995:Unitarianism
1936:Old Catholic
1743:Nestorianism
1701:Christianity
1688:
1654:Conservative
1515:
1505:. Retrieved
1498:the original
1479:
1469:
1465:
1450:
1441:
1431:
1425:
1407:
1398:
1389:
1384:DuBois, 2005
1380:
1354:
1345:
1336:
1324:
1312:
1303:
1272:
1263:
1220:
1190:
1174:
1169:
1147:
1140:
1135:
1128:
1123:
1115:
1110:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1089:
1068:
1054:
1052:
1047:
1044:
1041:Philanthropy
1034:
1024:
995:
972:
968:Christianity
963:Qing dynasty
960:
950:
946:
942:
940:
931:
928:
918:
908:
894:degree from
889:
886:Ming dynasty
883:
869:Wújí Zhīshén
868:
844:
840:
836:
832:
831:
704:Taigu school
661:
660:
650:
639:Xia teaching
615:Luo teaching
593:
592:
566:
565:
533:
532:
511:Confucianism
504:
503:
451:
330:Wu shamanism
269:
268:
92:
33:
6408:New Zealand
6345:Saint Lucia
6295:El Salvador
6200:Switzerland
6135:Netherlands
5907:Philippines
5835:South Korea
5830:North Korea
5720:Afghanistan
5667:South Sudan
5557:Ivory Coast
5341:Deification
5288:Objectivism
5263:Agnosticism
5216:Persecution
5206:Video games
5171:Populations
5082:Proselytism
5050:Monasticism
5041:Clericalism
5031:Agriculture
5022:and society
4987:Soteriology
4947:Comparative
4917:Transtheism
4902:Panentheism
4686:Monasticism
4479:Gallo-Roman
4381:Micronesian
4347:Manichaeism
4295:Hermeticism
4263:Continental
4258:Anglo-Saxon
4138:Paleolithic
4133:Prehistoric
4083:Scientology
3946:Italo-Roman
3801:Radha Soami
3781:New Thought
3621:Espiritismo
3562:Waaqeffanna
3502:Fon and Ewe
3440:Sub-Saharan
3323:Satsana Phi
3109:Ghost Dance
3050:Californian
3018:Anishinaabe
2944:Karo Pemena
2923:Indonesian
2597:Lingayatism
2545:Mahanubhava
2515:Vaishnavism
2446:Jeungsanism
2369:Folk Taoism
2352:Xiantiandao
2206:Zoroastrian
1865:Charismatic
1860:Pentecostal
1823:Anglicanism
1774:Waldensians
1709:Catholicism
1059:Yuan Shikai
979:Han Chinese
951:chengbanren
697:Xuanyuanism
644:Xiantiandao
603:De teaching
515:state rites
6567:Categories
6398:Micronesia
6275:Costa Rica
6170:San Marino
6130:Montenegro
6110:Luxembourg
5967:Uzbekistan
5942:Tajikistan
5847:Kyrgyzstan
5820:Kazakhstan
5770:East Timor
5740:Bangladesh
5730:Azerbaijan
5647:Seychelles
5612:Mozambique
5597:Mauritania
5582:Madagascar
5472:Cape Verde
5254:irreligion
5249:Secularism
5151:Minorities
5119:Toleration
5114:Syncretism
5099:Fanaticism
5089:Disability
5077:Missionary
5067:Conversion
5055:Ordination
4977:Psychology
4972:Philosophy
4912:Polytheism
4892:Monotheism
4887:Henotheism
4728:Orthopraxy
4718:Ordination
4681:Meditation
4676:Indigenous
4641:Entheogens
4626:Conversion
4452:Pueblo III
4369:Babylonian
4359:Melanesian
4285:Gnosticism
4170:Lithuanian
4063:Fourth Way
3917:Circassian
3895:Dievturība
3818:Tensegrity
3751:Falun Gong
3396:Sanamahism
3376:Donyi-Polo
2966:Polynesian
2912:Kaharingan
2837:Burkhanism
2776:Ravidassia
2754:Śvetāmbara
2540:Pushtimarg
2520:Krishnaism
2456:Vietnamese
2441:Cheondoism
2374:Yao Taoism
2310:East Asian
2076:Isma'ilism
2032:Maturidism
1811:Mennonites
1806:Hutterites
1791:Anabaptism
1684:Humanistic
1524:0520222180
1507:2016-03-06
1493:0824828372
1459:0226304167
1183:1614511918
1161:References
665:and sects:
608:Jiugongdao
421:Jiuhuangye
288:Wen and wu
6516:Venezuela
6461:Argentina
6378:Australia
6330:Nicaragua
6305:Guatemala
6105:Lithuania
5927:Sri Lanka
5922:Singapore
5902:Palestine
5790:Indonesia
5780:Hong Kong
5602:Mauritius
5323:Overviews
5278:Criticism
5231:Sectarian
5221:Terrorism
5196:Theocracy
5141:Happiness
5109:Pluralism
5094:Education
5020:Religion
4992:Salvation
4982:Sociology
4927:Religious
4907:Pantheism
4897:Nontheism
4790:Mountains
4768:Sacrifice
4723:Orthodoxy
4713:Mythology
4708:Mysticism
4597:Behaviour
4506:Canaanite
4489:Mithraism
4457:Pueblo IV
4447:Pueblo II
4352:Mazdakism
4327:Hungarian
4300:Mysteries
4209:Dravidian
3991:Hungarian
3907:Caucasian
3878:Godianism
3838:Agni Yoga
3828:Theosophy
3791:Rastafari
3766:Modekngei
3746:Brahmoism
3739:Syncretic
3731:movements
3729:religious
3641:Quimbanda
3589:Candomblé
3582:Diasporic
3361:Bathouism
3351:Benzhuism
3266:Tsimshian
3217:Purépecha
3138:Longhouse
3113:Sun Dance
3045:Blackfoot
3033:Wabunowin
3028:Midewiwin
2949:Malaysian
2939:Kapitayan
2749:Digambara
2734:Ayyavazhi
2699:Vajrayana
2664:Theravada
2577:Ganapatya
2550:Ramanandi
2479:Hoahaoism
2357:Yiguandao
2252:Yarsanism
2247:Shabakism
2234:Yazdânism
2224:Zurvanism
2219:Mazdaznan
2178:Rastafari
2173:Mandaeism
2047:Wahhabism
2027:Ash'arism
1990:Tolstoyan
1980:Spiritual
1970:Mormonism
1941:Judaizers
1914:Quakerism
1892:Methodist
1882:Irvingism
1833:Calvinism
1786:Adventism
1769:Moravians
1606:Abrahamic
1141:Bāfāngdào
1095:Zàilǐjiào
1082:Footnotes
1048:zhengshen
999:Manchuria
911:Ji County
851:of north
845:Bafangdao
739:Dongbaism
722:Benzhuism
411:Zhongyuan
400:Festivals
318:Feng shui
311:Jingxiang
300:Practices
182:Xian ling
34:Zàilǐjiào
6542:Category
6506:Suriname
6496:Paraguay
6481:Colombia
6388:Kiribati
6315:Honduras
6285:Dominica
6260:Barbados
6225:Scotland
6185:Slovenia
6180:Slovakia
6155:Portugal
6025:Bulgaria
5947:Thailand
5897:Pakistan
5877:Mongolia
5872:Maldives
5867:Malaysia
5755:Cambodia
5702:Zimbabwe
5677:Tanzania
5527:Ethiopia
5522:Eswatini
5502:Djibouti
5467:Cameroon
5452:Botswana
5396:Timeline
5391:Scholars
5351:Founders
5211:Violence
5166:Politics
5036:Business
4999:Theology
4743:Prophecy
4733:Paganism
4621:Covenant
4588:Apostasy
4523:Scythian
4464:Rapa Nui
4418:Thracian
4413:Illyrian
4403:Albanian
4374:Sumerian
4317:Harappan
4253:Germanic
4248:Georgian
4241:Selk'nam
4226:Etruscan
4214:Egyptian
4192:Druidism
4155:Armenian
4078:Satanism
4058:Eckankar
3981:Estonian
3966:Romanian
3956:Ossetian
3936:Germanic
3885:Armenian
3874:African
3867:paganism
3796:Sant Mat
3786:Rajneesh
3761:Meivazhi
3756:Japanese
3713:Siberian
3646:Santería
3616:Convince
3482:Bushongo
3386:Kiratism
3313:Hmongism
3180:Wocekiye
3165:Jivaroan
3133:Iroquois
3128:Ho-Chunk
3077:Cherokee
3000:American
2971:Hawaiian
2884:Sarnaism
2854:Tungusic
2842:Tengrism
2832:Mongolic
2761:Sarnaism
2692:Nichiren
2669:Mahayana
2656:Buddhism
2634:Sant Mat
2624:Sauraism
2619:Smartism
2614:Shaktism
2607:Balinese
2592:Kaumaram
2587:Kapalika
2582:Kashmiri
2567:Shaivism
2507:Hinduism
2474:Caodaism
2418:Ryukyuan
2413:Tenrikyo
2408:Shugendō
2386:Japanese
2257:Yazidism
2242:Ishikism
2120:Quranism
2093:Khawarij
2042:Salafism
2037:Atharism
1926:Esoteric
1897:Holiness
1887:Lutheran
1848:Reformed
1828:Baptists
1801:Brethren
1765:Hussites
1753:Assyrian
1669:Haymanot
1623:Orthodox
1572:Religion
1185:. p. 159
1154:: 中華理教總會
1129:Báiyīdào
1065:See also
1015:Shanghai
932:gong suo
900:Shandong
841:Baiyidao
833:Zailiism
416:Zhongqiu
406:Qingming
306:Fenxiang
148:Concepts
119:a series
116:Part of
62:Yang Zai
30:Zailiism
18:Zailiism
6511:Uruguay
6486:Ecuador
6466:Bolivia
6443:Vanuatu
6370:Oceania
6320:Jamaica
6300:Grenada
6255:Bahamas
6215:England
6205:Ukraine
6160:Romania
6120:Moldova
6080:Ireland
6075:Iceland
6070:Hungary
6060:Germany
6050:Finland
6045:Estonia
6040:Denmark
6035:Czechia
6030:Croatia
6015:Belgium
6010:Belarus
6005:Austria
6000:Andorra
5995:Albania
5972:Vietnam
5882:Myanmar
5857:Lebanon
5775:Georgia
5735:Bahrain
5725:Armenia
5687:Tunisia
5657:Somalia
5642:Senegal
5627:Nigeria
5617:Namibia
5607:Morocco
5572:Liberia
5567:Lesotho
5517:Eritrea
5487:Comoros
5462:Burundi
5437:Algeria
5381:Outline
5346:Deities
5273:Atheism
5186:Science
5104:Freedom
4962:History
4929:studies
4882:Dualism
4872:Animism
4837:Worship
4817:Symbols
4758:Liturgy
4671:Goddess
4631:Deities
4612:Laicism
4602:Beliefs
4581:Aspects
4553:Zapotec
4548:Vainakh
4516:Yahwism
4501:Semitic
4430:Iranian
4332:Hurrian
4322:Hittite
4312:Guanche
4305:Orphism
4236:Fuegian
4231:Finnish
4219:Atenism
4165:Latvian
4150:Arabian
4093:Raëlism
4073:Jediism
4068:Goddess
4041:De novo
3929:Druidry
3823:Thelema
3776:New Age
3661:Umbanda
3552:Tumbuka
3537:Odinala
3522:Lugbara
3442:African
3408:African
3356:Bimoism
3346:Burmese
3192:Mapuche
3158:Wyandot
3118:Guarani
3099:Choctaw
3094:Chilote
3013:Alaskan
3008:Abenaki
2959:Tagalog
2932:Kejawèn
2781:Sikhism
2744:Jainism
2704:Tibetan
2687:Amidism
2555:Warkari
2469:Đạo Mẫu
2319:Chinese
2301:Eastern
2278:Roshani
2197:Iranian
2105:Alevism
2098:Ibadism
2071:Zaydism
1748:Ancient
1719:Eastern
1679:Renewal
1664:Karaite
1645:Zionist
1633:Hasidic
1615:Judaism
1597:Western
1419:Sources
1011:Beijing
1007:Jiangsu
947:dangjia
943:dangjia
915:Tianjin
904:Guanyin
875:History
861:Guanyin
727:Bimoism
573:Mazuism
323:Miaohui
281:Zhenren
213:Baoying
206:Yuanfen
201:Mingyun
189:Yinyang
158:Shangdi
79:Members
73:Tianjin
59:Founder
6552:Portal
6491:Guyana
6471:Brazil
6438:Tuvalu
6335:Panama
6325:Mexico
6270:Canada
6265:Belize
6195:Sweden
6175:Serbia
6165:Russia
6150:Poland
6145:Norway
6125:Monaco
6095:Latvia
6090:Kosovo
6065:Greece
6055:France
5987:Europe
5952:Turkey
5937:Taiwan
5842:Kuwait
5815:Jordan
5805:Israel
5765:Cyprus
5750:Brunei
5745:Bhutan
5697:Zambia
5692:Uganda
5632:Rwanda
5587:Malawi
5547:Guinea
5537:Gambia
5442:Angola
5429:Africa
5238:Wealth
5181:Schism
5136:Growth
5060:Priest
5045:Clergy
4864:Theism
4847:Nature
4842:Astral
4785:Groves
4753:Ritual
4738:Prayer
4696:Novice
4646:Ethnic
4571:Topics
4543:Urartu
4538:Tongan
4533:Somali
4528:Slavic
4408:Dacian
4187:Celtic
4182:Basque
4160:Baltic
4011:Udmurt
3976:Uralic
3971:Slavic
3924:Celtic
3912:Abkhaz
3900:Romuva
3890:Baltic
3865:Modern
3708:Papuan
3671:Voodoo
3626:Kumina
3567:Yoruba
3557:Urhobo
3527:Maasai
3512:Lotuko
3460:Baluba
3450:Akamba
3423:Berber
3381:Heraka
3371:Dongba
3249:Pueblo
3244:Pawnee
3234:Navajo
3224:Muisca
3187:Lenape
3175:Lakota
3153:Seneca
3143:Mohawk
3065:Ohlone
3040:Apache
3023:Ojibwe
2998:Native
2864:Manchu
2859:Evenki
2820:Altaic
2811:Ethnic
2786:Khalsa
2739:Kalash
2629:Śrauta
2498:Indian
2428:Korean
2394:Shinto
2364:Taoism
2337:Luoism
2163:Baháʼí
2158:Bábism
2110:Ahmadi
2088:Sufism
2081:Alawis
1731:Church
1659:Reform
1640:Modern
1628:Haredi
1522:
1490:
1457:
1430:. On:
1181:
1116:Lǐjiào
1099:Zai li
1076:Taoism
1031:Taiwan
983:Mongol
919:ba jie
891:jinshi
857:Taoist
656:Qigong
521:Taoism
431:Duanwu
230:Theory
194:Hundun
67:Origin
6476:Chile
6433:Tonga
6423:Samoa
6413:Palau
6403:Nauru
6310:Haiti
6230:Wales
6190:Spain
6115:Malta
6085:Italy
5977:Yemen
5932:Syria
5912:Qatar
5887:Nepal
5862:Macau
5825:Korea
5810:Japan
5785:India
5760:China
5672:Sudan
5622:Niger
5577:Libya
5562:Kenya
5542:Ghana
5532:Gabon
5507:Egypt
5447:Benin
5356:Index
5327:lists
5191:State
5009:Women
4877:Deism
4852:Place
4832:Water
4827:Truth
4795:Trees
4651:Faith
4616:Laity
4511:Punic
4469:Roman
4435:Vedic
4393:Olmec
4280:Greek
4273:Norse
4197:Irish
4018:Wicca
3813:Subud
3703:Inuit
3676:Winti
3666:Vodou
3631:Obeah
3611:Comfa
3594:Bantu
3547:Serer
3532:Mbuti
3492:Dogon
3487:Dinka
3470:Kongo
3465:Bantu
3391:Qiang
3281:Yaqui
3212:Olmec
3202:Aztec
3123:Haida
3060:Miwok
3055:Kuksu
2976:Māori
2907:Dayak
2828:Turko
2791:Sects
2727:Other
2682:Thiền
2266:Other
2168:Druze
2146:Other
2022:Sunni
2014:Islam
1796:Amish
1714:Latin
1501:(PDF)
1484:(PDF)
1027:Hebei
853:China
837:Liism
93:Lǐmén
6501:Peru
6383:Fiji
6280:Cuba
5892:Oman
5852:Laos
5800:Iraq
5795:Iran
5712:Asia
5682:Togo
5592:Mali
5482:Chad
5325:and
5252:and
4822:Text
4802:Soul
4691:Monk
4656:Fire
4337:Inca
4145:Ainu
4029:list
4006:Sámi
3636:Palo
3604:Ketu
3599:Jejé
3517:Lozi
3497:Efik
3475:Zulu
3455:Akan
3308:Ahom
3300:Miao
3298:and
3286:Zuni
3259:Hopi
3207:Maya
3104:Crow
3070:Pomo
2717:list
2674:Chan
2645:list
2602:Nath
2400:list
2136:list
2061:Shia
2003:list
1690:list
1520:ISBN
1488:ISBN
1455:ISBN
1179:ISBN
1139:八方道
1127:白衣道
1103:jiao
1093:在理教
975:Rehe
896:Jimo
436:Nian
426:Qixi
276:Xian
177:Ling
170:Shen
154:Tian
49:Type
32:在理教
5226:War
4701:Nun
4666:God
3727:New
3572:Ifá
3542:San
3341:Bon
3296:Tai
3271:Ute
2678:Zen
2342:Nuo
1114:理教
1097:. "
913:in
871:).
734:Bon
6569::
5043:/
4614:/
3507:Ik
3318:Mo
1468:.
1440:.
1363:^
1284:^
1244:^
1229:^
1199:^
970:.
906:.
898:,
218:Wu
165:Qi
122:on
3584::
3111:/
2830:-
2680:/
2676:/
1953:/
1767:/
1564:e
1557:t
1550:v
1510:.
1470:4
1239:.
821:e
814:t
807:v
597::
517:)
513:(
156:—
20:)
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