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coaching from a conductor-professor at the university. MM students typically complete applied studies, such as lessons with a professor, and take courses within their area of specialization. In many MM programs, all of the different MM streams (e.g., performance, composition, conducting) take a common core of music theory and music history courses, as these core courses are a necessary background for all three careers. The different streams may also have different required courses for each stream. For example, vocal performance students may be required to take an opera or art song class; orchestral instrumentalists may be required to take an orchestral excerpts or orchestral audition preparation class; composition students may be required to take composition courses; and conducting students may be required to take conducting, score-reading, or piano classes.
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started out, but then withdrawn from a number of programs, they may have to request transcripts from many institutions. To protect against applicants changing marks on the transcripts using forgery, most schools require that the transcripts be sent directly from the previous institution's registrar to the music school, or that the transcripts be in sealed envelopes with the other school's registrar's seal (stamp) over the closure. Some programs may also request a statement of intent/statement of purpose or another type of essay, in which the candidate explains why she wishes to be admitted, and sets out her professional, performance or career goals. Some programs may request copies of recital programs from previous performances or a list of performance experience, which may include, for orchestral instrumentalists, orchestra experience.
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461:(Doctor of Musical Arts) degree in those areas. Some students branch out to another area of music at the PhD level, such as musicology or music theory. While PhD programs in musicology and music theory normally require an MA in music, in some cases, students with a MMus in performance or composition who show strong promise may be conditionally admitted to PhD programs in musicology or music theory.
36:
410:. Similarly, students from countries where the official language is not that of the university may be required to achieve a certain mark on standardized language tests. For example, students applying to a US MM program who come from a country where English is not an official language, may be required to pass the
221:) utilize the MM as a special research degree, in which the student undertakes original research and prepares a written thesis or similar document. Programs focusing on preparing musicians for careers in sacred music for churches and houses of worship may alternatively be called Master of Sacred Music (MSM).
373:
recitals or performances as a pre-screening method. This approach helps to eliminate candidates who do not meet the school's minimum performance standards, and as such, it saves those candidates the time and cost of traveling to the institution for an in-person audition, and it also saves the school
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on their area of specialization and subjects such as music history and music theory. The goal of this exam is to ensure that the student has obtained a well-rounded knowledge and understanding that extends beyond their specialization. Since the MM is the standard minimum credential to teach applied
394:
Applicants are typically asked for official transcripts from all post-secondary programs and letters of recommendation from music professors and teachers. For most graduate programs, transcripts of every program or degree are required, whether or not the degree was completed. For students who have
464:
As well, some recipients of the MMus degree may go on to do graduate work in another area in which music is a supporting field, such as an EdD in music education (e.g., specializing in music instruction) or a master's degree in
Library Science, in order to become a music reference librarian. MMus
449:
could enable the degree holder to work in fields where music and law (or medicine) overlap. Recipients of the MMus may also make use of the general education provided in the degree (e.g., in writing and researching) to get a job in government, university administration, or in the non-profit or
308:
In some schools, students are required to give a lecture for one or both of the recitals, in which they explain the historical context or music theory or compositional issues involved in the pieces. This approach, called a lecture-recital, is designed to give students experience explaining and
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In MM programs, the student spends intensive lesson time with a professor. For singers and instrumentalists, this is with a voice and instrument professor, respectively. For composition students, they take coaching sessions with composer-professors. For conducting students, they get conducting
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offers a Master of Music in
Composition, Music Technology and Digital Media, Instrumental (solo piano, woodwinds, brass, percussion, strings), Collaborative Piano, Conducting, Jazz Performance, Opera, Piano Pedagogy, Voice, and Vocal Pedagogy. The first program for the degree was introduced in
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The M.Mus. degree is usually undertaken to prepare students to be professional performers (typically either singers or instrumental musicians), conductors, and composers. As such many recipients of the MMus degree do not seek further formal education after they complete the MMus. The MMus is
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Some programs additionally require a sub-specialization in a cognate area, such as music history or performance practice, which contributes to their area of specialization. For example, a student doing an MM in
Baroque violin might do a sub-specialization in Baroque music history (e.g., on
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or take a sub-specialization in educational methods in the university's department of education. Doing sub-specializations outside the faculty of music typically requires the approval of both the faculty of music and the other faculty (e.g., psychology, education, etc.).
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contextualizing the pieces or songs they perform. This skill is important for performers because many also teach or coach students, and some will go on to become professors, where they may be required to give lectures on music history, theory, or composition.
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The last stage of the MM is usually the performance of one or two recitals and completion of comprehensive exams. Most programs require that the recitals include advanced-grade pieces that are drawn from the different eras of music history, such as
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location. The school's professors who form the audition panel travel to these other locations to hear auditionees. Some schools which normally require in-person auditions waive this requirement for students who play the larger instruments (e.g.,
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To be admitted to a MM program, most institutions require an undergraduate degree or diploma in music, such as a BM or BA with a major in music, usually with a grade average of B+ or higher. MM programs in performance usually require a live
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the cost of having a panel of professors hear the candidate on location. Some universities have multiple audition locations to reduce the traveling expenses faced by candidates. For example, a school located on the
173:. The MM combines advanced studies in an applied area of specialization (usually performance in singing or instrument playing, composition, or conducting) with graduate-level academic study in subjects such as
238:
or similar research document, MM students focus on practical, applied areas, as set out in their MM area of specialization, which are typically instrumental or vocal performance, composition of new music, or
414:(TOEFL). Admission to MM programs in conducting often requires a video recording of a live rehearsal and performances as a pre-screening element. Composition programs usually require the submission of a
209:. The music education degree may also be awarded as a more specifically titled Master of Music Education (MME or MMEd). The master's in music theory, musicology (commonly called "music history"), and
255:). Some institutions permit MM students to do a sub-specialization in a field outside music that contributes to their professional and academic goals. For example, a student completing a MM in piano
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Some institutions will also hire teachers who do not have the MMus who hold an Artist's
Diploma or similar diploma, and/or who have had a significant performing career as either a solo recitalist,
197:, according to their area of specialization. The MM is often required as the minimum teaching credential for university, college, and conservatory instrumental or vocal teaching positions.
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Other recipients of the MMus may go on to further graduate studies in music by continuing their MMus specialization in performance or conducting at the doctoral level, by completing a
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that includes advanced pieces (or for singers, songs) from a wide range of styles, typically ranging from the
Baroque era (1600-1750), the Classical music period (1750-1800), the
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subjects (performance or composition) at universities and conservatories, it is important that MM graduates have this broader understanding of music history and theory.
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graduates who wish to pursue graduate studies in an area that is not directly connected with music may be conditionally admitted to PhD programs in areas such as
234:
One of the major differences between a typical MA degree and the MM is that whereas MA degree students often undertake original research and prepare and submit a
132:
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The MM is widely available in performance (sometimes with a specialization in music teaching/pedagogy and/or music literature), composition, conducting, and
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typically the minimum credential that allows them to teach instrumental or vocal performance at universities, colleges, and conservatories.
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or other unaccompanied repertoire, a movement from a sonata, and a movement from a virtuoso concerto. Instrumentalists who play
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are typically told which pieces and movements to prepare; some schools even give the bar numbers or rehearsal letters (e.g.,
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or orchestral musician. Some graduates do additional graduate or professional study in other areas, such as a
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301:. The specific components of the recital vary between schools. Some programs allow students to include
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may be able to do a sub-specialization in the psychology of learning in the university's department of
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First graduate degree in music awarded by universities and music conservatories
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might offer the option of auditioning at a central and
217:(MA). Nevertheless, some universities in the UK (e.g.
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277:solo suites (late 17th to mid 18th century), a
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391:), and allow a videotape to be sent instead.
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120:Learn how and when to remove this message
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293:(19th century) concerto or solo; and a
412:Test of English as a Foreign Language
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58:adding citations to reliable sources
253:historically authentic performance
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445:The combination of an MMus and a
268:Recitals and comprehensive exams
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582:Certificate of Higher Education
376:west coast of the United States
366:, movement 1, bar 100 to 120).
45:needs additional citations for
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169:awarded by universities and
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281:(mid to late 18th century)
230:Applied studies and courses
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873:Performing arts education
364:Beethoven Symphony no. 5
297:(20th and 21st century)
574:Higher National Diploma
493:Doctor of Musical Arts
369:Some institutions use
321:Admission requirements
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681:Candidate of Sciences
142:University of Toronto
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878:Humanities education
751:Academic certificate
643:Postgraduate diploma
225:Components of degree
219:Sheffield University
54:improve this article
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452:arts administration
447:professional degree
314:comprehensive exams
713:Doctor of Sciences
404:standardized tests
332:Romantic music era
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855:
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805:Specialist degree
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657:Engineer's degree
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601:Bachelor's degree
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483:Bachelor of Music
213:is typically the
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69:"Master of Music"
16:(Redirected from
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791:Graduate diploma
708:Higher doctorate
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742:No dominant
647:certificate
385:double bass
360:Auditionees
275:Baroque-era
181:, or music
862:Categories
771:Licentiate
536:Levels of
499:References
436:law degree
380:eastern US
371:videotaped
344:orchestral
261:psychology
241:conducting
191:conductors
187:performers
110:April 2014
80:newspapers
836:Ad eundem
807:/
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676:Doctorate
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471:sociology
416:portfolio
352:woodwinds
336:art songs
195:composers
823:Unearned
477:See also
454:sector.
328:audition
287:concerto
257:pedagogy
183:pedagogy
809:diploma
669:level 8
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422:Careers
140:at the
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101:JSTOR
87:books
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