663:), is that of Ibn 'Ashur. He understands verses 9:73 and 2:193, and the Hadith (I have been commanded (by Allah) to fight people until they testify that there is no true god except Allah), as connected to the fighting with the aggressive Arab pagans and after the conquest of Mecca (Fath Makkah) verse 2:256 came into force. this is opposed to the opinion that 2:256 is seen as abrogated (Mansukh) by 9:5/73, 66:9 or specific (Khass) for the People of the Book. However, in Ibn 'Ashur's interpretation, 9:73/66:9, 2:193 and the mentioned Hadith is specific for the historical struggle with the Arab pagans and after the conquest of Mecca verse 2:256 became absolute and decisive in meaning (Mutlaq wa Muhkam) and thus cannot be abrogated. Verse 9:29 took away any option of fighting unbelievers. He thus turns the classical reading around, while still connecting the Prophetic history (Sallallahu 'alaihi Wa Salam) with the Qur'anic text in a more logical way. He historicizes Qur'anic verses the same way classical scholars have done through the concept of abrogation (Naskh) and occasions of revelation (Asbab al-Nuzul), but takes the Maqasid al-Shari'ah (welfare objectives of the Islamic law) into account where a restriction on freedom of religion would violate the preservation of religion and intellect (Hifz al-Din wa al-'Aql).
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from the body of shari'ah would end the quest for understanding in context. Preferring a solitary hadith over a rational deduction based on context would be problematic. Ibn Ashur believes that al-Shafi'i was misunderstood as accepting a solitary hadith over the larger context and that Ahmad ibn Hanbal was misrepresented as accepting a weak hadith over
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in the strongest terms. He said, "Ijtihad is a collective duty (fard al-kifayah) on the community according to the measure of need in the community's countries and situations." He chastised the
Muslims for neglecting ijtihad despite the fact that the capacity and means are available. He wanted to see
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Ibn Ashur claimed that the basis of shari'ah must be rational. He said, "One of the greatest things required by the universality of the shari'ah is that its rules be equal for all the communities following it to the utmost extent possible because similarity in the flow of rules and laws is a help for
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Ibn Ashur asserted the view that language is fundamentally ambiguous and is not enough to determine the intent of a speaker. Further, while written words are less subject to distortion, the spoken word is actually more likely to convey the speaker's intent. The entire field surrounding the word must
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Influenced by a visit to
Tunisia by Muhammad Abduh, Ibn Ashur combined knowledge of the classics with a desire to revive Islamic civilization. He positioned himself as a bridge between the classical Islamic legal heritage and the needs of a modern world. His references to the great works of law are
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in determining legislation. Instead, legislative value should be sought from the totality of shari'ah. He suggested that comments seemingly to the contrary from Imam al-Shafi'i and Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal must be distortions of their work. He worried that taking a solitary (ahad) hadith in isolation
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Ibn Ashur saw this literal-mindedness to be represented by the Zahiri position. His strongest argument against it is that the literal occasions that the Zahiri hold onto are quite limited, but that people around the world encounter many more. Therefore, the
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respectful and at times praiseworthy, but he does not hesitate to point out shortcomings. Responding to modern challenges to
Islamic traditions, Ibn Ashur called for substantive reforms in Islamic education. His work on the ultimate purposes of
553:(Islamic jurisprudence) had reached its limits and become over-burdened with methodological technicalities. Appropriate legal responses to situations in the modern world cannot be found by delving deeper and deeper into the meaning of a word.
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Kazemi-Moussavi, Ahmad. "Rethinking
Islamic Legal Methodology with Reference to Maqasid al-Shari'ah." ICR Journal 2.2 (2011): 272-284. "...when Ibn Ashur (d. 1973), a Tunisian student of the Egyptian reformist thinker Muḥammad
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to the Arabic people, and therefore its coloring and style are Arabic. However, its intent is universal and so must be intelligible everywhere. This tells us that the law is based on reason. For example, the mandate of keeping
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claiming it harmed productivity. He responded by stating "Prescribed for you is fasting", and announced on the radio, "God has spoken the truth and
Bourguiba has spoken falsehood." He was, as a result, dismissed from his post.
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Muslims coming forth to practice ijtihad for the global community. It was clear to him that the lack of ijtihad had severe consequences. He called for a group of mujtahids from countries around the world, from different
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the juice would quickly ferment. In cold climates, that would not apply. In fact, to stubbornly hold onto superficialities without understanding the intent is to "expose the shari'ah to being dismissed disdainfully."
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Nuruddin, Amiur, et al. "Relationship of
Interfaith in Tunisia (Critical Study of Ibn ‘Ashur Tafsir W. 1973)." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) (2019): 353-372.
590:. Ibn Ashur says that a weak hadith is open to error, and qiyas is open to error, but in addition, the weak hadith may be a lie and the consequence of using it would be worse than using qiyas.
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One of the most fascinating approaches to the issue of coherence between Qur'an 2:256 (no coercion in religion), 3:83 (willingly or unwillingly), 9:29 (pay the
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9 (2012): 79. "The similar ideas can be found in tafsir of
Tunisian scholar Muhammad ibn ‘Ashur (1879 – 1973), who was influenced much by Muhammad Abduh."
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in 1932. He was a writer and author on the subject of reforming
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origin. The family had shown dedication to the pursuit of knowledge for generations. His grandfather was especially renowned. When he entered
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Yakubovych, Mykhaylo. "A Cultural
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Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy
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Ibn ʿAshur: The Career And Thought Of A Contemporary Reformist ʿAlim
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in 1879 to an affluent family and died in 1973 at age 94. He was of
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external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into
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1089:"Tāhir ibn ʿĀshūr: The Career and Thought of a Modern Reformist
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Muḥammad al-Ṭāhir ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ṭāhir ibn ʿĀshūr
1060:"Un Tunisien d'exception: Le Cheikh-el-islam Tahar Ben Achour"
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Scholars of other Sunni Islamic schools of jurisprudence
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Ibn Ashur questioned the juridical weight of an isolated
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be considered. In contrast, the return of generations to
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Ibn 'Ashur wrote more than thirty books, amongst them:
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may not follow Knowledge (XXG)'s policies or guidelines
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2016 international conference on Sunni Islam in Grozny
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742:The Rudiments of the Social Sciences within Islam
516:, published in 1946. He is famous for rejecting
562:Tunisian Academy of Sciences, Letters, and Arts
528:to justify abandoning the fast of the month of
460:محمد الطاهر ابن محمد ابن محمد الطاهر ابن عاشور
1973:
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800:Inquests into and Theories of the Qur'an and
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829:Contemporary Issues in Islamic Jurisprudence
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560:Portrait of Mohamed Tahar Ben Achour at the
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646:and Mohamed Abdelaziz Djaït (Tunis, 1957).
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2939:Al-Sayf al-Saqil fi al-Radd ala Ibn Zafil
1076:Ibn Ashur: Treatise on Maqasid Al-Shariah
594:achieving group unity in the community."
246:Learn how and when to remove this message
228:Learn how and when to remove this message
126:Learn how and when to remove this message
1093:, with Special Reference to His Work of
492:Muhammad al-Tahir ibn Ashur was born in
466:; 1879 – August 1973) was a graduate of
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27:Tunisian Islamic theologian and scholar
1553:Taqi al-Din Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Fasi
945:Brown, Jonathan A.C. (7 August 2014).
821:التوضيح و التصحيح لمشكلات كتاب التنقيح
484:(The Verification and Enlightenment).
3086:20th-century Muslim scholars of Islam
855:The Rudiments of Antecedence in Islam
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1176:Muslim scholars of the Maliki school
1140:islamonline web site about ibn ashur
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882:The Verification and Illumination
808:تحقيقات و أنظار في القرآن و السنة
619:of the shari'ah must be engaged.
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399:Maqasid al-Shari'ah al-Islamiyyah
45:This article has multiple issues.
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1990:Ash'ari school of Sunni theology
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747:أصول النظام الاجتماعي في الإسلام
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681:Order of Civil Merit of Tunisia
153:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
2651:'Abdallah ibn 'Alawi al-Haddad
918:List of Ash'aris and Maturidis
638:Mohamed Tahar Ben Achour with
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2328:Muhammad Metwalli al-Sha'rawi
1865:Muhammad ibn 'Alawi al-Maliki
1847:Muhammad al-'Arabi al-Tabbani
716:The Objectives of Islamic Law
394:Tafsir al-Tahrir wa al-Tanwir
2495:Izz al-Din ibn 'Abd al-Salam
2316:Muhammad al-Tahir ibn 'Ashur
2148:Ibn 'Ata' Allah al-Iskandari
755:Is the Dawn not Close ?
729:Definitions of the Sciences
452:Muḥammad al-Ṭāhir ibn ʿĀshūr
322:1973 (aged 93–94)
271:مُحَمَّد الطَاهِر بن عَاشُور
263:Muḥammad al-Ṭāhir ibn ʿĀshūr
3106:Tunisian Muslim theologians
2298:Muhammad ibn 'Ali al-Sanusi
1859:Muhammad al-Tahir ibn Ashur
1271:Ahmad ibn Abi Bakr al-Zuhri
1101:Journal of Qur'anic Studies
774:) and Its Traces upon Islam
514:Higher Goals of Islamic Law
18:Muhammad al-Tahir ibn Ashur
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3007:Ash'ari-related templates
2864:Ibn Abdelkarim al-Khattabi
2846:Emir Abdelkader al-Jazairi
2196:Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi
1576:Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi
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651:Ibn 'Ashur on Qur'an 2:256
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2334:Muhammad 'Alawi al-Maliki
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2172:Khalil ibn Ishaq al-Jundi
2058:Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani
1997:
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1853:Mohamed Fadhel Ben Achour
1259:Yahya ibn Yahya al-Laythi
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1087:M. Nafi, Basheer (2005).
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2934:Al-Iqtisad fi al-I'tiqad
2904:Tabyin Kadhib al-Muftari
2519:Nizam al-Din al-Nisapuri
779:الوقف و آثاره في الإسلام
694:Arab Academy of Damascus
468:University of Ez-Zitouna
403:A laysa al-subh bi-qarib
270:
2804:'Abd al-Mu'min ibn 'Ali
2549:Shams al-Din al-Kirmani
2435:Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani
2387:Abu Ishaq al-Isfarayini
2232:Al-Maqqari al-Tilimsani
2136:Shihab al-Din al-Qarafi
1611:Ali ibn Qasim al-Zaqqaq
888:تفسير التحرير و التنوير
787:The Story of the Birth
721:مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية
2758:Abu Hayyan al-Andalusi
2669:Bediuzzaman Said Nursi
2609:Jalal al-Din al-Dawani
2567:Nur al-Din al-Haythami
2405:Abu Nu'aym al-Isfahani
2399:Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi
2226:Ahmad Baba al-Timbukti
2160:Ibn al-Hajj al-'Abdari
1594:Ibn Hilal al-Sijilmasi
1113:10.3366/jqs.2005.7.1.1
860:أصول التقدم في الاسلام
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2858:'Izz al-Din al-Qassam
2639:Al-Khatib al-Shirbini
2603:Nur al-Din al-Samhudi
2585:Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani
2561:Zain al-Din al-'Iraqi
2525:Jamal al-Din al-Mizzi
2447:Al-Raghib al-Isfahani
2417:Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi
2375:Al-Hakim al-Nishapuri
2106:Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi
1759:Al-Qasim al-Sijilmasi
1399:Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi
953:Oneworld Publications
679:Grand officer of the
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481:al-Tahrir wa'l-Tanwir
2924:Al-Milal wa al-Nihal
2840:Al-Nasir ibn Qalawun
2633:Ibn Hajar al-Haytami
2531:Taqi al-Din al-Subki
2483:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
2429:Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi
2178:Abu Ishaq al-Shatibi
2088:Abu Bakr al-Turtushi
2082:Abu al-Walid al-Baji
2039:Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari
162:improve this article
96:improve this article
2681:'Abdallah al-Harari
2621:Zakariyya al-Ansari
2543:Taj al-Din al-Subki
2322:Abdel-Halim Mahmoud
2262:Muhammad al-Zurqani
2208:Ahmad al-Wansharisi
1912:Muhammad al-Yaqoubi
1888:Abdallah bin Bayyah
1800:Abdullahi dan Fodio
1712:Muhammad al-Zurqani
1318:Qadi 'Abd al-Wahhab
955:. pp. 279–80.
108:footnote references
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2663:Ahmad Zayni Dahlan
1824:Ahmed Harrak Srifi
1753:Al-Tawudi ibn Suda
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1747:M'Hamed Al-Azhari
1700:Al-Rahman al-Fasi
1324:Abu Imran al-Fasi
1277:Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam
1253:Asad ibn al-Furat
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2477:Ahmad al-Rifa'i
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2304:Muhammad 'Ilish
2286:Ahmad al-Tijani
2268:Ahmad al-Dardir
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2019:
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1788:Usman dan Fodio
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834:النوازل الشرعية
768:The Nonprofit (
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674:Nichan Iftikhar
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599:Arabic language
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547:
518:Habib Bourguiba
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476:Shaykh al-Islām
472:Islamic scholar
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389:Notable work(s)
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734:تعريفات العلوم
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692:Member of the
688:
687:Acknowledgment
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1729:Ibn al-Tayyib
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1617:Al-Wansharisi
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1470:Ibn Ata Allah
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1216:Ali ibn Ziyad
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1062:. 2017-06-04.
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999:, p. 12.
998:
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978:, p. 22.
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847:آراء اجتهادية
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409:Muslim leader
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357:Jurisprudence
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179: –
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173:Find sources:
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151:This article
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104:inappropriate
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57:
52:
51:
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41:
32:
31:
19:
2866:(d. 1382 AH)
2860:(d. 1354 AH)
2854:(d. 1350 AH)
2848:(d. 1300 AH)
2727:Ibn al-Jawzi
2698:Ali al-Jifri
2689:(d. 1434 AH)
2683:(d. 1432 AH)
2677:(d. 1432 AH)
2671:(d. 1379 AH)
2665:(d. 1304 AH)
2659:(d. 1230 AH)
2653:(d. 1132 AH)
2647:(d. 1031 AH)
2489:Ibn al-Salah
2336:(d. 1425 AH)
2330:(d. 1419 AH)
2324:(d. 1397 AH)
2318:(d. 1393 AH)
2312:(d. 1380 AH)
2306:(d. 1299 AH)
2300:(d. 1276 AH)
2294:(d. 1230 AH)
2288:(d. 1230 AH)
2282:(d. 1224 AH)
2276:(d. 1208 AH)
2270:(d. 1201 AH)
2264:(d. 1122 AH)
2258:(d. 1102 AH)
2252:(d. 1090 AH)
2246:(d. 1072 AH)
2240:(d. 1041 AH)
2234:(d. 1041 AH)
2228:(d. 1036 AH)
2202:Ahmad Zarruq
2154:Ibn Adjurrum
2100:Ibn Barrajan
2064:Al-Baqillani
1900:Ahmad Karima
1830:Ahmed Skirej
1749:(d. 1793/94)
1655:(d. 1594/95)
1613:(d. 1506/07)
1596:(d. 1497/98)
1588:Ahmad Zarruq
1582:Ibn al-Azraq
1452:Ibn al-Hajib
1425:(d. 1207/08)
1393:Ibn Barrajan
1306:Al-Baqillani
1300:Ibn Abi Zayd
1228:Ibn al-Qasim
1186:by century (
1104:
1100:
1094:
1090:
1054:
1049:, p. 1.
1047:M. Nafi 2005
1034:, p. 2.
1032:M. Nafi 2005
1027:
1017:
1009:
1004:
997:M. Nafi 2005
992:
983:
976:M. Nafi 2005
971:
947:
910:Islam portal
880:
867:
854:
841:
828:
815:
799:
786:
773:
767:
754:
741:
728:
715:
709:
654:
640:Taha Hussein
621:
613:
596:
592:
580:
572:
551:usul al-fiqh
548:
535:
513:
509:
505:
491:
479:
463:
451:
450:
402:
398:
392:
347:Denomination
262:
242:
224:
215:
205:
198:
191:
184:
172:
160:Please help
155:verification
152:
122:
113:
98:by removing
85:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
3066:1973 deaths
3061:1879 births
2973:Ahl al-Ra'y
2842:(d. 741 AH)
2836:(d. 658 AH)
2830:(d. 635 AH)
2824:(d. 635 AH)
2818:(d. 615 AH)
2812:(d. 589 AH)
2806:(d. 558 AH)
2800:(d. 500 AH)
2794:(d. 485 AH)
2760:(d. 745 AH)
2754:(d. 592 AH)
2748:(d. 524 AH)
2729:(d. 534 AH)
2723:(d. 508 AH)
2641:(d. 977 AH)
2635:(d. 974 AH)
2629:(d. 973 AH)
2627:Al-Sha'rani
2623:(d. 926 AH)
2617:(d. 923 AH)
2611:(d. 918 AH)
2605:(d. 911 AH)
2599:(d. 911 AH)
2593:(d. 902 AH)
2587:(d. 852 AH)
2581:(d. 845 AH)
2575:(d. 833 AH)
2569:(d. 807 AH)
2563:(d. 806 AH)
2557:(d. 794 AH)
2555:Al-Zarkashi
2551:(d. 786 AH)
2545:(d. 771 AH)
2539:(d. 764 AH)
2533:(d. 756 AH)
2527:(d. 742 AH)
2521:(d. 728 AH)
2515:(d. 702 AH)
2509:(d. 685 AH)
2503:(d. 676 AH)
2497:(d. 660 AH)
2491:(d. 643 AH)
2485:(d. 606 AH)
2479:(d. 578 AH)
2473:(d. 571 AH)
2471:Ibn 'Asakir
2467:(d. 548 AH)
2461:(d. 516 AH)
2455:(d. 505 AH)
2449:(d. 502 AH)
2443:(d. 478 AH)
2437:(d. 471 AH)
2431:(d. 476 AH)
2425:(d. 465 AH)
2423:Al-Qushayri
2419:(d. 463 AH)
2413:(d. 458 AH)
2407:(d. 430 AH)
2401:(d. 429 AH)
2395:(d. 427 AH)
2393:Al-Tha'labi
2389:(d. 418 AH)
2383:(d. 406 AH)
2377:(d. 405 AH)
2371:(d. 371 AH)
2365:(d. 354 AH)
2345:Hamza Yusuf
2222:(d. 954 AH)
2216:(d. 953 AH)
2210:(d. 914 AH)
2204:(d. 899 AH)
2198:(d. 876 AH)
2192:(d. 808 AH)
2190:Ibn Khaldun
2186:(d. 803 AH)
2180:(d. 790 AH)
2174:(d. 776 AH)
2168:(d. 741 AH)
2162:(d. 737 AH)
2156:(d. 723 AH)
2150:(d. 709 AH)
2144:(d. 702 AH)
2138:(d. 684 AH)
2132:(d. 672 AH)
2126:(d. 628 AH)
2120:(d. 581 AH)
2114:(d. 544 AH)
2108:(d. 543 AH)
2102:(d. 536 AH)
2096:(d. 536 AH)
2090:(d. 520 AH)
2084:(d. 474 AH)
2078:(d. 458 AH)
2072:(d. 430 AH)
2066:(d. 403 AH)
2060:(d. 386 AH)
1906:Hamza Yusuf
1884:(1941–2022)
1867:(1944–2004)
1861:(1879–1973)
1855:(1909–1970)
1849:(1897–1970)
1832:(1878–1944)
1820:(1832–1916)
1808:(1802–1882)
1802:(1766–1829)
1796:(1760–1817)
1790:(1754–1817)
1778:(1747–1809)
1755:(1700–1795)
1743:(1715–1786)
1737:(1727–1780)
1731:(1698–1756)
1714:(1645–1710)
1708:(1611–1688)
1702:(1631–1685)
1696:(1599–1680)
1684:(1591–1662)
1672:(1582–1631)
1653:Al-Tamgruti
1649:(1520–1587)
1643:(1512–1575)
1637:(1497–1547)
1631:(1437–1513)
1590:(1442–1493)
1584:(1427–1491)
1578:(1384–1479)
1572:(1394–1453)
1555:(1373–1429)
1543:(1332–1406)
1541:Ibn Khaldun
1537:(1316–1401)
1525:(1320–1388)
1523:Ash-Shatibi
1484:(1259–1321)
1482:Ibn Rushayd
1472:(1259–1310)
1466:(1228–1285)
1460:(1214–1273)
1448:(1162–1236)
1419:(1126–1198)
1413:(1114–1185)
1407:(1083–1149)
1401:(1076–1148)
1389:(1061–1141)
1383:(1059–1126)
1381:At-Turtushi
1361:(1006–1085)
1355:(1013–1081)
1312:Sidi Mahrez
1294:Abu al-Arab
1267:(d. 854/55)
1107:(1): 1–32.
564:(Carthage).
177:"Ibn Ashur"
3055:Categories
2746:Ibn Tumart
2591:Al-Sakhawi
2579:Al-Maqrizi
2507:Al-Baydawi
2459:Al-Baghawi
2453:Al-Ghazali
2441:Al-Juwayni
2411:Al-Bayhaqi
2369:Ibn Khafif
2363:Ibn Hibban
2250:Ibn 'Ashir
2214:Al-Akhdari
2184:Ibn 'Arafa
2166:Ibn Juzayy
2118:Al-Suhayli
1782:Ad-Desouki
1735:Al-Bannani
1706:Az-Zurqani
1647:Al-Mandjur
1641:Al-Akhdari
1629:Al-Miknasi
1535:Ibn 'Arafa
1529:Ibn Farhun
1517:Ibn Marzuq
1505:Ibn Juzayy
1499:Ibn al-Haj
1476:Al-Zarwili
1458:Al-Qurtubi
1411:Al-Suhayli
1405:Qadi Ayyad
1341:Ibn Battal
1320:(973–1035)
1314:(951–1022)
1308:(950–1013)
1022:ʿAbduh..."
924:References
792:قصة المولد
498:Andalusian
488:Early life
188:newspapers
50:improve it
2993:Al-Ahbash
2929:Al-Irshad
2752:Ibn Mada'
2721:Ibn 'Aqil
2693:Ali Gomaa
2645:Al-Munawi
2597:Al-Suyuti
2537:Al-Safadi
2501:Al-Nawawi
2381:Ibn Furak
2220:Al-Hattab
2130:Ibn Malik
2094:Al-Maziri
2076:Ibn Sidah
1914:(b. 1963)
1908:(b. 1958)
1902:(b. 1951)
1896:(b. 1946)
1890:(b. 1935)
1875:15th/21st
1840:14th/20th
1826:(d. 1925)
1814:(d. 1888)
1784:(d. 1815)
1769:13th/19th
1761:(d. 1800)
1741:Ad-Dardir
1722:12th/18th
1690:(d. 1678)
1688:Al-Dila'i
1678:(d. 1631)
1676:Al-Laqani
1670:Ibn Ashir
1663:11th/17th
1635:Al-Hattab
1625:(d. 1511)
1619:(d. 1508)
1604:10th/16th
1549:(d. 1415)
1547:Al-Sakkak
1531:(d. 1397)
1519:(d. 1379)
1513:(d. 1365)
1507:(d. 1340)
1501:(d. 1336)
1478:(d. 1319)
1464:Al-Qarafi
1454:(d. 1249)
1442:(d. 1231)
1440:Al-Qattan
1423:Al-Tamimi
1395:(d. 1141)
1387:Al-Maziri
1359:Al-Lakhmi
1349:(d. 1071)
1343:(d. 1057)
1326:(d. 1039)
1302:(922–996)
1279:(801–871)
1273:(767–856)
1255:(759–828)
1224:(743–813)
1121:1465-3591
676:(Tunisia)
456:full name
383:Modernism
218:June 2015
116:June 2015
100:excessive
56:talk page
3076:Mujaddid
3012:Maturidi
2952:See also
2822:Al-Kamil
2713:Hanbalis
2687:Al-Bouti
2355:Shafi'is
2020:Category
1812:Al Alawi
1570:Ibn Faïd
1563:9th/15th
1492:8th/14th
1446:Al-Azafi
1433:7th/13th
1417:Averroes
1374:6th/12th
1365:Al-Lamti
1334:5th/11th
1296:(d. 945)
1287:4th/10th
1261:(d. 848)
1222:Ibn Wahb
1218:(d. 799)
896:See also
868:Responsa
629:madhahib
436:Children
378:Movement
337:Religion
326:La Marsa
296:Personal
3071:Asharis
3032:Shafi'i
2810:Saladin
2738:Zahiris
2050:Malikis
1942:Shafi'i
1937:Hanbali
1682:Mayyara
1353:Al-Baji
1246:3rd/9th
1203:2nd/8th
1070:Sources
873:الفتاوى
667:Honours
624:ijtihad
617:maqasid
539:Shari'a
530:Ramadan
522:Tunisia
510:Intents
502:Zaytuna
371:Ash'ari
330:Tunisia
202:scholar
94:Please
86:use of
3025:Maliki
3018:Hanafi
2988:Sufism
2983:Tawhid
2880:Mamluk
1947:Zahiri
1932:Hanafi
1265:Sahnun
1119:
1095:tafsīr
959:
802:Sunnah
661:fitnah
657:Jizyah
604:raisin
583:hadith
576:Medina
508:, the
361:Maliki
204:
197:
190:
183:
175:
2978:Kalam
2834:Qutuz
1091:ʿālim
879:(ar)
866:(ar)
853:(ar)
840:(ar)
827:(ar)
814:(ar)
798:(ar)
785:(ar)
766:(ar)
753:(ar)
740:(ar)
727:(ar)
714:(ar)
706:Works
608:Hijaz
588:qiyas
526:fatwa
512:, or
494:Tunis
367:Creed
351:Sunni
341:Islam
308:Tunis
286:Title
209:JSTOR
195:books
1117:ISSN
957:ISBN
771:Waqf
319:Died
304:1879
301:Born
181:news
1109:doi
164:by
102:or
3057::
3015:–
1193:CE
1188:AH
1115:.
1103:.
1099:.
1039:^
951:.
931:^
642:,
401:,
397:,
328:,
310:,
59:.
2042:)
2036:(
1981:e
1974:t
1967:v
1195:)
1168:e
1161:t
1154:v
1123:.
1111::
1105:7
1097:"
965:.
885:(
876:)
870:(
863:)
857:(
850:)
844:(
837:)
831:(
824:)
818:(
811:)
805:(
795:)
789:(
782:)
776:(
763:)
757:(
750:)
744:(
737:)
731:(
724:)
718:(
454:(
249:)
243:(
231:)
225:(
220:)
216:(
206:·
199:·
192:·
185:·
158:.
129:)
123:(
118:)
114:(
110:.
92:.
66:)
62:(
20:)
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