696:, one of the smallest states of India. Sources reveal that there are also individual players who are British, French, Italian, Portuguese, and of other European nationalities. Some have been visiting the state for over two decades and have their fixed international and local clientele. Goa has, in recent days, become a principal hub of the international drug trade apart from being a key point of consumption. According to estimates, drugs flowing out of different foreign locations lands on the comparatively unguarded Goan coastline as Mumbai and its hinterland are no longer considered an easy route for trafficking since checks by the
433:, Mumbai. Gawali started his criminal activities there and used the rooms there for keeping kidnapped persons, torturing them, extorting money from them, and murdering them. The police raided the premises several times and finally broke his operations. He has been arrested several times for criminal activities and detained for long periods during a trial. However, he could not be convicted in most of the cases as witnesses would not depose against him for fear. He was finally convicted for the murder of
221:. At age 8, he moved to Bombay with his father. The father-son duo ran a small cycle repair shop in Crawford market. 10 years later, in 1944, Mastan joined the Bombay docks as a porter and from there entered organised crime. He worked in association with Karim Lala and by the 1960s became a rich man. He amassed millions from smuggling gold, silver, and electronic goods and expanded his clout in the film industry by investing his money with directors and studios in
551:
1622:
581:' suggests that these gangs had military links. Although strangulation was their main method of murder, they also used blades and poison. The thugs comprised some who had inherited thuggee as a family vocation, and others who were forced to turn to it out of necessity. The leadership of many of the groups tended to be hereditary with family members sometimes serving together in the same band. Such Thugs were known as
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3934:
1608:
2737:"Refworld | India: Kacha Banian (Kucha Banyan) or Underwear-Undershirt Wearing Group or Shorts-Underwear Clad Group; its members; their activities; their targets; whether they are active throughout the country or just in Uttar Pradesh; whether the group targets Sikhs in particular; and their interests regarding Sikhs"
149:
and active in many parts of the world. The purpose of organised crime in India, as elsewhere in the world, is monetary gain. Its virulent form in modern times is due to several socio-economic and political factors and advances in science and technology. There is no firm data to indicate the number of
1169:
realities of 1970s India, channeling the growing discontent and disillusionment among the masses, and the failure of the state in ensuring their welfare and well-being, in a time when prices were rapidly rising, commodities were becoming scarce, public institutions were losing legitimacy, smugglers
236:
mafia mobster. He came to be known as
Vardhabhai, operated from the early 1960s to 1980, and was accorded equal clout to Haji Mastan and Karim Lala. Starting off as a porter, he had his first brush with the crime world when he began selling illicit liquor. He commanded much respect within the Tamil
727:
also use the services of these bouncers. Around five years back when the boom in real estate ended, these gangs then turned to extortion and protection money as their source of income. Most of these are inter-state gangs as well as the ones specializing in arms smuggling, narcotics and abduction.
784:
Gang members tie up family members, during robberies, and murder anyone who resists. They often arm themselves with rods, axes, knives, and firearms. When they rob a house, they sometimes eat and leave their excrements. The gang members often rent cars to get around, and are suspected of robbing
249:
and the narcotics trade. He enjoyed a successful stint in the 1970s controlling the criminal operations in the east and north-central Bombay. Karim Lala commanded south and central Bombay, and the majority of smuggling and illegal construction financing was Haji Mastan's domain.
667:
and local politics. There have been numerous murders committed by rival families, including the murders of noteworthy politicians. Factionalism is one of the main reasons for which vendetta politics is widely practiced in Andhra
Pradesh, and is also a major cause of rioting and
395:(Big Rajan), Chota Rajan took the reins of Bada Rajan's gang after Bada Rajan's murder. Later, he was affiliated with and operated at the behest of Dawood in Mumbai and eventually fled India to Dubai in 1988. He is wanted for many criminal cases that include
781:. During the day, they gather at transport hubs or disused urban spaces. They conceal themselves as beggars or common labourers to identify potential houses to rob. Before moving on to a different town, the gangs attempt to steal from multiple homes.
312:. It has been argued that the D-Company is not a stereotypical organised crime cartel in the strict sense of the word, but rather a collusion of criminal terrorist groups based around Ibrahim's personal control and leadership. Ibrahim is currently on
650:
are common and one of the major social and environmental issues in the region. It also persists due to illiteracy and lack of environmental awareness in the region and public inactivity, having led to severe deforestation and
356:
in an attempt to freeze his assets around the world and crack down on his operations. Indian and
Russian intelligence agencies have pointed out Ibrahim's possible involvement in several other terror attacks, including the
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their victims with a handkerchief or noose. They would then rob and bury their victims. Sometimes they mutilated the corpses of their victims to avoid detection. The leader of a gang was called a '
3307:
2013:
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716:. Post militancy, the gangs took to contract killings. The real estate and industrial sector boom of the early 2000s saw several criminals surfacing with the primary objective of controlling
817:
There are many such gangs suspected to be active in Punjab. They usually target families living at isolated places in the countryside and always thrash their victims before robbing them.
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about gangsters (Bombay underworld) as well as bandits (dacoits) had become popular. The writing of Salim-Javed and acting of
Amitabh Bachchan popularized the trend, with films such as
712:
There has been a spurt in the formation and activities of such criminal gangs in Punjab over the last decade even though some gangs, have been operational in the state since the end of
814:. The Kala Kachcha gang members are robbers and dacoits, who don police uniform or 'Kale Kachche' (black underpants) to evade detection. They put grease on their body as lubricant.
720:. The flourishing of the banking sector, especially finance companies, spurred the demand for bouncers who ensured recovery of bad loans and helped in taking disputed properties.
293:
and held a firm stranglehold over parts of Mumbai's underworld. Lala controlled bootlegging and gambling in the city in 1940, and was the undisputed king of the trade until 1985.
1213:, which both offered "slick, often mesmerising portrayals of the Mumbai underworld" and displayed realistic "brutality and urban violence." Another notable film in the genre was
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1174:. The cinema of Salim-Javed and Amitabh Bachchan dealt with themes relevant to Indian society at the time, such as urban poverty in slums, corruption in society, and the
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arose, set in urban India: Bombay underworld films, later called Mumbai underworld films. These films are often inspired by real Mumbai underworld gangsters, such as
4333:
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857:. Diamond smuggling via South Africa is also a major criminal activity, and diamonds are sometimes used to disguise shipments of heroin. Finally, there is much
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3119:
2597:"Rocky & Gang, this time in Punjab - Gurvinder Kaur - Tehelka - Investigations, Latest News, Politics, Analysis, Blogs, Culture, Photos, Videos, Podcasts"
3422:
245:, which are believed to have a large presence of Tamils. Mudaliar, in tandem with Haji Mastan, ventured into stealing dock cargo. He later diversified into
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2521:
2190:
411:. His brother is said to produce films financed by Rajan. He is wanted in 17 murder cases and several more attempted murders. Chhota Rajan was arrested in
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1994:
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operating in parts of India. Gang members perform attacks while wearing only their underwear, which is the source of their name (in the local languages,
4201:
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1806:
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341:
2251:
Hobson-Jobson: A Glossary of
Colloquial Anglo-Indian Words and Phrases, and of Kindred Terms, Etymological, Historical, Geographical and Discursive
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is undershirts). In addition to wearing undergarments, members wear face masks and cover themselves in oil or mud to protect their identities.
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by
Indonesian police on 25 October 2015. He was extradited to India on 6 November after 27 years on the run and is currently awaiting trial in
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is the financial capital of India. Over a period of time, the Mumbai underworld has been dominated by several different groups and mobsters.
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663:. Much of the mining and real estate mafia in the region is run by such families, and to avoid punishment, they are often involved in
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politician
Kamalakar Jamsandekar by a court in August 2012. Gawli and eleven others were found guilty of Jamsandekar's murder.
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that pitted "a policeman against his brother, a gang leader based on real-life smuggler Haji Mastan" portrayed by
Bachchan;
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climate of 1970s India, channeling the growing discontent and disillusionment among the masses, and unprecedented growth of
561:
were crimes carried out by organized gangs of robbers and murderers which operated in the northern and eastern parts of the
157:
and the areas of their operations. Their structure and leadership patterns may not strictly fall in line with the classical
225:
film production. As Mastan's influence in
Bollywood grew, he began to produce films himself and was a well-known producer.
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1998:
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inspired by organised crime in India have been produced since 1940. Indian cinema has several genres of such crime films.
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community and ran a parallel justice system where his verdict was the final law of the land and binding in areas such as
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Runna Ashish Bhutda; Ashwini
Deshmukh; Kunal M Shah; Vickey Lalwani; Parag Maniar; Subhash K Jha (13 January 2009).
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Here, "Anglo-Indian" refers to the language, or linguistic usage. See Yule, Henry and Burnell, Arthur Coke (1886)
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mafia", terms coined by Bombay law enforcement because the majority of this crime syndicate's members were ethnic
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1071:. They began the genre of gritty, violent, Bombay underworld crime films in the early 1970s, with films such as
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604:, having been created from her sweat. However, many of the Thugs who were captured and convicted by the
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2032:"Bush administration imposes sanctions on India's most wanted criminals Dawood Ibrahim and sai bansod"
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m.firstpost.com/india/chhota-rajan-finally-brought-to-india-after-27-years-on-the-run-2497094.html
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Karim Lala and his family members' groups operated in the Bombay docks. They were often called "
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1747:"Three underworld dons who rode Bombay from the 60s to early 80s - Latest News & Updates"
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Religion im kulturellen Diskurs: Festschrift für Hans G. Kippenberg zu seinem 65. Geburtstag
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646:. It is locally referred to as "factionalism" and involves various crimes. Activities like
383:. He was a former key aide and lieutenant of Dawood Ibrahim. Starting as a petty thief and
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4396:
4008:
3847:
3600:
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3438:
3308:"Amitabh Bachchan starrer 'Deewar' was remade in Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam – and Cantonese"
3185:"DGA nominees borrow from the masters: Directors cite specific influences for their films"
3158:
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2712:"Four ' chaddi- banian' burglars caught; confess to 36 house- breaks - Free Press Journal"
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589:'. While they usually kept their acts a secret, female thugs also existed and were called
345:
142:
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2143:"Dawood is a terrorist, has 'strategic alliance' with ISI, says US - The Times of India"
939:(1975). These films are usually set in rural India, and often inspired by real dacoits.
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and gangsters were gathering political clout, and there was an unprecedented growth of
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1232:(2009), which drew inspiration from Mumbai underworld films. Its influences included
1115:, and dealing with themes involving urban poverty, corruption, and crime, as well as
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585:. Not all thugs were trained by their family but rather by experienced thugs called '
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1290:(1986), which set the template for the heroic bloodshed genre in Hong Kong cinema.
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The crime films written by Salim-Javed and starring Amitabh Bachchan reflected the
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criminal groups are reported to be heavily involved in the organised drug trade in
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in the region. The vendetta between the groups originated historically during the
332:. He is accused of heading an illegal empire against India and Indians. After the
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themes. This resulted in their creation of the "angry young man", personified by
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3038:"Deewaar was the perfect script: Amitabh Bachchan on 42 years of the cult film"
2572:"How bloodthirsty Facebook posts from prison, gang wars fuel Punjab's hellhole"
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1154:. Along with Bachchan, other actors that rode the crest of this trend include
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William C. Banks; Renée de Nevers; Mitchel B. Wallerstein (1 October 2007).
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841:; experts estimate that 5–10% of the legal opium is converted into illegal
150:
organised criminal gangs operating in the country, their membership, their
3004:
Written by Salim-Javed: The Story of Hindi Cinema's Greatest Screenwriters
2866:
Written by Salim-Javed: The Story of Hindi Cinema's Greatest Screenwriters
1190:, with his suppressed rage giving a voice to the angst of the urban poor.
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2014:"isi-shifts-underworld-don-dawood-ibrahim-to-pakistan-afghanistan-border"
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Haji Mastan, originally known as Mastan Haider Mirza, was a Bombay-based
169:"Mumbai mafia" redirects here. For the 2023 Indian documentary film, see
2522:"Goa's drug pie sliced up between foreign, local gangs - Times of India"
1182:, often represented by an "angry young man" protagonist, presented as a
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is criminal activity involving robbery by groups of armed bandits. The
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1406:(2008), a film inspired by Mumbai underworld films from Indian cinema
1219:(2004), adapted from Hussein Zaidi's book of the same name about the
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Kidnappings for ransom in Punjab, are something which rarely happen.
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Thuggee: Banditry and the British in Early Nineteenth-Century India
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The Strangled Traveler: Colonial Imaginings and the Thugs of India
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2687:"कच्छा-बनियान गिरोह की दिल्ली में दस्तक, दो जगह लूट - IBN Khabar"
2073:"Dawood directly involved in Mumbai attack: Russia intelligence"
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340:, both men became part of India's most wanted. According to the
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2659:"Welcome to DainikKausar.com - Daily News Paper, Bhopal, Delhi"
1713:
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system, although India criminalised money laundering in 2003.
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489:
3393:"30 Years Later, This Chinese Film Still Echoes in Hollywood"
3091:
Funky Bollywood: The Wild World of 1970s Indian Action Cinema
2191:"Chhota Rajan arrested in Indonesia after decades on the run"
903:
The dacoit film was a genre of Indian cinema that began with
1150:
was described as being "absolutely key to Indian cinema" by
849:
industry is also responsible for much illegal production of
769:
The gangs tend to move in groups of 5-10 people, and wear a
361:
Ever since he went into hiding, Ibrahim's location has been
3155:"'Slumdog' Director Boyle Has 'Fingers Crossed' for Oscars"
2302:
The Oxford Encyclopedia of British Literature: 5-Volume Set
480:
1807:"U.S. slaps sanctions against Chhota Shakeel, Tiger Memon"
1468:-produced television series based on the Mumbai underworld
1028:
In the early 1970s, a new genre of Indian crime films and
861:
in the country, mostly through the use of the traditional
2760:
https://www.tribuneindia.com/2000/20000325/punjab.htm#14
2681:
2679:
565:. Thugs were gangs of highway robbers, who tricked and
1103:(1961) in a contemporary urban context reflecting the
348:. Consequently, the United States declared Ibrahim a "
336:, which Ibrahim allegedly organised and financed with
213:
in the city of Bombay (now Mumbai). Born in 1926 in a
2772:"Nations Hospitable to Organised Crime and Terrorism"
507:
Glossary of Colloquial Anglo-Indian Words and Phrases
486:
1672:
Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act
837:. India is also the world's largest legal grower of
593:
in Ramasee, while an important male Thug was called
492:
477:
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Puducherry Prevention of Anti-Social Activities Act
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825:India is a major transit point for heroin from the
483:
373:, a claim which Pakistani authorities have denied.
328:, and in 2008 he was number two on Forbes' list of
57:
47:
37:
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3111:
2801:"Final film in Indian Gangster Trilogy a Must See"
1886:"Dawood 4th 'most wanted' criminal on Forbes list"
1130:By the mid-1970s, gritty, violent crime films and
1056:, and gangsters in these films often speak with a
600:Thugs considered themselves to be the children of
3243:"'Slumdog Millionaire' has an Indian co-director"
3032:
3030:
3028:
1123:, who reinterpreted Dilip Kumar's performance in
3120:"All you need to know about Slumdog Millionaire"
2996:
2994:
1975:. Archived from the original on January 19, 2009
810:) refers to certain organized criminal gangs in
573:'. The usage of military ranks like 'jemadar', '
379:is the boss of a major crime syndicate based in
3148:
3146:
2467:Luchesi, Brigitte; Stuckrad, Kocku von (2004).
1178:crime scene, and was perceived by audiences as
1083:(1975). They reinterpreted the rural themes of
524:Thuggee and Dacoity Suppression Acts, 1836–1848
2835:Bollywood: A Guidebook to Popular Hindi Cinema
2416:Thug: The True Story of India's Murderous Cult
2389:Thug: The True Story Of India's Murderous Cult
2332:Thug: The True Story Of India's Murderous Cult
2166:Combating Terrorism: Strategies and Approaches
1741:
1739:
1293:Examples of the Mumbai underworld film genre:
704:, Customs, and other government bodies began.
4360:
4212:Uttar Pradesh Control of Organised Crimes Act
3874:
3423:
913:(1940) and gained popularity with its remake
8:
1067:The genre was pioneered by screenwriter duo
352:" in 2003 and pursued the matter before the
217:family in Pannaikulam, near Ramanathapuram,
32:
3064:"Slumdog Millionaire's Bollywood Ancestors"
2962:
2960:
2958:
2627:"Chaddi-Baniyan gang returns to haunt city"
2254:J. Murry, London; reprinted 1903; see page
2053:"Dawood behind Mumbai attacks: ATS sources"
304:is the organised crime group controlled by
4367:
4353:
4345:
4207:Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act
3881:
3867:
3859:
3430:
3416:
3408:
2930:
2928:
2097:"Dawood Ibrahim is a global terrorist: US"
1848:
1846:
1284:'s internationally acclaimed breakthrough
1044:. These films are often set around Mumbai
504:word with this meaning, it appears in the
4202:Karnataka Control of Organised Crimes Act
3301:
3299:
2145:. Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. 2010-01-07
534:. Areas with ravines or forests, such as
228:Varadarajan Mudaliar, popularly known as
4964:Social impact of Indian television drama
3057:
3055:
3053:
2827:
2825:
1948:"I am happy Yakub Memon has been caught"
342:United States Department of the Treasury
199:enjoyed backing from their communities.
2938:Legends of Indian cinema: pen portraits
2550:"Goa: Sex & mafia on cocaine coast"
1687:
4334:Indian politicians convicted of crimes
4197:Gujarat Control of Organised Crime Act
2941:. Har-Anand Publications. p. 51.
2896:
2894:
2892:
2890:
2440:Wœrkens, Martine van (November 2002).
1993:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1986:
1248:. 1970s Bollywood crime films such as
642:in India, and associated with alleged
31:
4222:Punjab Control of Organised Crime Act
2970:Bombay Cinema: An Archive of the City
2354:
2352:
2324:
2322:
2222:"Arun Gawli convicted in murder case"
1258:(1977) also have similarities to the
350:Specially Designated Global Terrorist
7:
2497:India under Colonial Rule: 1700-1885
1930:"Profile: India's fugitive gangster"
1772:Hussain Zaidi, S. (10 August 2012).
1417:Once Upon ay Time in Mumbai Dobaara!
3183:Anthony Kaufman (29 January 2009).
2062:. Ibnlive. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
273:. They were especially involved in
3062:Amitava Kumar (23 December 2008).
2299:Kastan, David Scott (2006-03-03).
2169:. SAGE Publications. p. 113.
2081:. 18 December 2008. Archived from
1226:The genre later inspired the film
171:Mumbai Mafia: Police vs Underworld
25:
3249:. 11 January 2009. Archived from
2265:of the 1903 edition for "dacoit".
2230:. Chennai, India. August 24, 2012
1524:Andhra Pradesh factionalism films
1280:(1979), which went on to inspire
1193:Later films in the genre include
1127:in a contemporary urban context.
853:, much of which is smuggled into
344:, Ibrahim may have had ties with
4323:
4322:
3932:
3391:Volodzko, David (13 June 2015).
3153:Lisa Tsering (29 January 2009).
2494:Peers, Douglas M. (2013-11-05).
2305:. Oxford University Press, USA.
1696:"'Baap of Gandhinagar' arrested"
1620:
1606:
473:
4788:Proposed states and territories
3131:from the original on 2022-05-24
2446:. University of Chicago Press.
1636:Central Bureau of Investigation
1436:(2013) a film is about Life Of
622:Rayalaseema § Factionalism
542:, were once known for dacoits.
209:who became the first celebrity
3211:"The Slumdog Millionaire File"
3001:Chaudhuri, Diptakirti (2015).
2863:Chaudhuri, Diptakirti (2015).
2413:Dash, Mike (3 February 2011).
1778:. Roli Books Private Limited.
1719:"When Tamil dons ruled Bombay"
1577:Aravinda Sametha Veera Raghava
520:Thuggee and Dacoity Department
1:
3709:Secret societies in Singapore
2975:University of Minnesota Press
2038:. 2 June 2006. Archived from
1813:. Chennai, India. 2012-05-16.
1657:Indo-Canadian organised crime
554:Thugs strangling a traveller.
2807:. 2005-08-24. Archived from
2714:. 2014-05-12. Archived from
2689:. 2014-12-15. Archived from
2661:. 2014-05-08. Archived from
1667:Mumbai Police Detection Unit
659:. This often co-exists with
451:Dacoity is a term used for "
232:, was a Bombay-based ethnic
4552:Water supply and sanitation
4274:Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai
3447:China, Hong Kong, and Macau
3157:. IndiaWest. Archived from
3127:. London. 21 January 2009.
1411:Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai
1142:, a crime film inspired by
616:Andhra Pradesh factionalism
5079:
4439:Public distribution system
2967:Mazumdar, Ranjani (2007).
2781:. U.S. Library of Congress
2779:Library of Congress report
929:(1961). A subgenre is the
896:
792:
735:
619:
444:
330:The World's 10 Most Wanted
168:
4954:Films about social issues
4318:
3930:
2832:Ganti, Tejaswini (2004).
2386:Dash, Mike (2011-02-03).
2359:Wagner, K. (2007-07-12).
2329:Dash, Mike (2011-02-03).
2058:October 19, 2013, at the
1751:Daily News & Analysis
708:Organised crime in Punjab
326:organised crime syndicate
5063:Organised crime in India
3890:Organised crime in India
2935:Kumar, Surendra (2003).
2280:www.1902encyclopedia.com
1997:) CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1395:Shootout at Lokhandwala
1003:The Stranglers of Bombay
988:Theeran Adhigaaram Ondru
626:There are families with
145:elements originating in
139:Organised crime in India
33:Organised crime in India
4422:National Pension System
4281:Shootout at Lokhandwala
3367:The Cinema of Tsui Hark
3088:Stadtman, Todd (2015).
2419:. Granta Publications.
2392:. Granta Publications.
2335:. Granta Publications.
2122:"Intelligence agencies"
1912:"The ones who got away"
1264:Hong Kong action cinema
1024:Mumbai underworld films
942:Examples of the genre:
630:with each other in the
532:East India Company rule
18:Mumbai underworld films
4760:Caste-related violence
4476:Universal basic income
4376:Social issues in India
3596:Hai San Secret Society
3272:Banker, Ashok (2002).
2193:. DNA. 26 October 2015
1854:"Shaikh, Dawood Hasan"
680:Several local Indian,
676:Organised crime in Goa
638:and parts of eastern
555:
459:. The spelling is the
289:, gold smuggling, and
38:Founding location
4959:Freedom of expression
4149:Encounter specialists
3826:Đồng Xuân Labor Union
3364:Morton, Lisa (2001).
2473:. Walter de Gruyter.
2124:. IBNLive. 2015-05-19
1318:franchise (1978–2012)
1262:crime genre of 1980s
1209:(2002), based on the
748:Kachcha Baniyan Gangs
553:
187:The powerful trio of
29:Criminal organization
4808:Separatist movements
4079:Subhash Bhaskar Nair
3969:Varadarajan Mudaliar
2607:on 29 September 2017
2042:on 12 February 2007.
1936:. 12 September 2006.
1221:1993 Bombay bombings
744:Chaddi Baniyan Gangs
732:Chaddi Baniyan Gangs
425:'s gang is based at
334:1993 Bombay bombings
308:which originated in
193:Varadarajan Mudaliar
4846:Illegal immigration
4491:Widening income gap
4329:Encounters in India
3914:Chaddi Baniyan gang
3343:Hong Kong Cinemagic
2901:Raj, Ashok (2009).
2805:Cinema Strikes Back
2085:on 14 October 2013.
1866:on 12 December 2012
1702:. 24 February 2012.
1585:Chaddi Baniyan Gang
1438:Manohar Arjun Surve
1433:Shootout at Wadala
1403:Slumdog Millionaire
1229:Slumdog Millionaire
762:are underpants and
746:(also known as the
738:Chaddi Baniyan Gang
714:militancy in Punjab
657:Vijayanagara Empire
563:Indian subcontinent
457:Indian subcontinent
359:2008 Mumbai attacks
322:criminal conspiracy
316:'s wanted list for
58:Criminal activities
34:
4798:Religious violence
4659:Female infanticide
4644:Child prostitution
4461:Standard of living
4288:Shootout at Wadala
4260:Gangs of Wasseypur
4171:Ravindranath Angre
3954:Kotwal Ramachandra
3662:Post-Soviet states
3318:on 30 January 2017
3306:Mondal, Sayantan.
3046:. 29 January 2017.
2631:The Times of India
2527:The Times of India
2261:2014-06-28 at the
2078:The Times of India
2018:The Economic Times
1916:The Times of India
1890:The Times of India
1831:on 8 November 2014
1700:The Times of India
1508:Gangs of Wasseypur
1255:Amar Akbar Anthony
1180:anti-establishment
1117:anti-establishment
1017:Thugs of Hindostan
919:(1957) as well as
808:Kale Kachche Gangs
800:Kala Kachcha Gangs
789:Kala Kachcha Gangs
670:domestic terrorism
556:
516:East India Company
279:protection rackets
5050:
5049:
4836:Human trafficking
4649:Child trafficking
4578:Domestic violence
4547:Natural disasters
4542:Manual scavenging
4402:Farmers' suicides
4342:
4341:
3909:Kala Kachcha gang
3856:
3855:
3674:Azerbaijani mafia
3653:Waray-Waray gangs
3509:Mumbai underworld
2552:. 29 October 2010
2507:978-1-317-88286-2
2480:978-3-11-017790-9
2453:978-0-226-85085-6
2399:978-1-84708-473-6
2372:978-0-230-59020-5
2342:978-1-84708-473-6
2312:978-0-19-516921-8
2176:978-1-4833-7092-7
1553:Indra (2002 film)
1539:Samarasimha Reddy
1287:A Better Tomorrow
1176:Bombay underworld
1138:and particularly
933:, popularized by
795:Kala Kachcha gang
540:Chilapata Forests
522:in 1830, and the
363:frequently traced
324:, and running an
291:contract killings
247:contract killings
165:Mumbai underworld
136:
135:
78:human trafficking
16:(Redirected from
5070:
5042:Police brutality
4831:Groom kidnapping
4793:Ethnic relations
4654:Female foeticide
4369:
4362:
4355:
4346:
4326:
4325:
4156:Aftab Ahmed Khan
4094:Santokben Jadeja
3936:
3919:Ashok Mahto gang
3883:
3876:
3869:
3860:
3692:
3432:
3425:
3418:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3388:
3382:
3381:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3314:. Archived from
3303:
3294:
3293:
3269:
3263:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3253:on 25 March 2009
3239:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3219:. Archived from
3206:
3200:
3199:
3197:
3195:
3180:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3150:
3141:
3140:
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2953:
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2898:
2885:
2884:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2840:Psychology Press
2829:
2820:
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2671:
2670:
2655:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2603:. Archived from
2593:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2568:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2546:
2540:
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2087:
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2050:
2044:
2043:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2010:
2004:
2002:
1992:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1970:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1918:. 4 August 2007.
1908:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1862:. Archived from
1850:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1827:. Archived from
1821:
1815:
1814:
1803:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1758:
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1704:
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1692:
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1625:
1624:
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1611:
1610:
1609:
1477:K.G.F: Chapter 2
1473:K.G.F: Chapter 1
1260:heroic bloodshed
1121:Amitabh Bachchan
1064:street dialect.
859:money laundering
804:Kale-Kachchewale
526:were enacted in
518:established the
500:is a colloquial
499:
498:
495:
494:
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
405:drug trafficking
391:, also known as
287:illegal gambling
118:contract killing
98:illegal gambling
94:drug trafficking
90:arms trafficking
82:money laundering
35:
21:
5078:
5077:
5073:
5072:
5071:
5069:
5068:
5067:
5053:
5052:
5051:
5046:
4973:
4928:
4875:
4856:Organised crime
4841:Illegal housing
4812:
4774:
4741:
4717:Menstrual taboo
4668:
4664:Street children
4617:
4588:Family planning
4561:
4518:
4495:
4378:
4373:
4343:
4338:
4314:
4226:
4185:
4144:
4118:
4009:Jayendra Thakur
3937:
3928:
3892:
3887:
3857:
3852:
3848:Houthi movement
3836:
3789:
3768:
3752:
3729:
3713:
3695:
3686:
3657:
3636:
3632:Pakistani mafia
3620:
3601:Ghee Hin Kongsi
3584:
3568:
3552:
3536:
3518:
3495:
3479:Big Circle Gang
3442:
3439:Organized crime
3436:
3406:
3390:
3389:
3385:
3378:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3348:
3346:
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3226:
3224:
3208:
3207:
3203:
3193:
3191:
3182:
3181:
3174:
3164:
3162:
3161:on 2 March 2009
3152:
3151:
3144:
3134:
3132:
3125:The Independent
3117:
3116:
3109:
3102:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3072:
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3061:
3060:
3051:
3043:Hindustan Times
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2842:. p. 153.
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2608:
2601:www.tehelka.com
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2530:. 22 April 2015
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2263:Wayback Machine
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2060:Wayback Machine
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1966:"Archived copy"
1964:
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1825:"Untitled Page"
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1501:Mafia Raj films
1195:Ram Gopal Verma
1167:socio-political
1109:socio-political
1026:
998:
901:
895:
877:, particularly
875:cinema of India
871:
869:Popular culture
831:Golden Crescent
827:Golden Triangle
823:
802:(also known as
797:
791:
752:criminal groups
740:
734:
710:
678:
672:in the region.
653:desertification
624:
618:
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476:
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463:version of the
449:
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346:Osama bin Laden
299:
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4399:
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4392:Communications
4388:
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4209:
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4199:
4193:
4191:
4187:
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4183:
4178:
4176:Vijay Salaskar
4173:
4168:
4166:Pradeep Sharma
4163:
4158:
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4150:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4126:
4124:
4120:
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4106:
4104:Munna Bajrangi
4101:
4099:Mukhtar Ansari
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4074:Nirbhay Gujjar
4071:
4066:
4064:Ejaz Lakdawala
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4034:Chhota Shakeel
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4014:Anandpal Singh
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3979:Dawood Ibrahim
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3945:
3943:
3939:
3938:
3931:
3929:
3927:
3926:
3924:Thak Thak gang
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3900:
3898:
3894:
3893:
3888:
3886:
3885:
3878:
3871:
3863:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3850:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3837:
3835:
3834:
3833:’s robber band
3831:Bạch Hải Đường
3828:
3823:
3817:
3811:
3805:
3799:
3797:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3787:
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3776:
3774:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3760:
3758:
3754:
3753:
3751:
3750:
3748:Four Seas Gang
3745:
3739:
3737:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3727:
3721:
3719:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3711:
3705:
3703:
3697:
3696:
3694:
3693:
3681:
3679:Georgian mafia
3676:
3671:
3669:Armenian mafia
3665:
3663:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3655:
3650:
3648:Bahala Na Gang
3644:
3642:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3628:
3626:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3618:
3613:
3608:
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3592:
3590:
3586:
3585:
3583:
3582:
3580:Lebanese mafia
3576:
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3487:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3450:
3448:
3444:
3443:
3441:groups in Asia
3437:
3435:
3434:
3427:
3420:
3412:
3405:
3404:
3383:
3376:
3356:
3338:"The Brothers"
3329:
3295:
3288:
3282:. p. 83.
3264:
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3172:
3142:
3107:
3100:
3080:
3049:
3024:
3017:
3011:. p. 74.
2990:
2983:
2977:. p. 14.
2954:
2947:
2924:
2917:
2911:. p. 21.
2886:
2879:
2873:. p. 72.
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2728:
2703:
2675:
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2633:. 2009-07-26.
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2005:
2003:. treasury.gov
1957:
1939:
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1723:Times of India
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1642:Crime in India
1639:
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1617:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1573:
1565:
1561:Rakta Charitra
1557:
1549:
1545:Narsimha naydu
1535:
1525:
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1521:
1520:
1512:
1502:
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1367:
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1351:
1343:
1335:
1331:Salaam Bombay!
1327:
1319:
1311:
1303:
1163:socio-economic
1105:socio-economic
1038:Dawood Ibrahim
1030:gangster films
1025:
1022:
1021:
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992:
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931:Dacoit Western
897:Main article:
894:
891:
887:gangster films
870:
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847:pharmaceutical
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793:Main article:
790:
787:
736:Main article:
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730:
709:
706:
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648:illegal mining
636:Andhra Pradesh
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502:Indian English
445:Main article:
442:
439:
354:United Nations
306:Dawood Ibrahim
298:
295:
271:Kunar province
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153:modus operandi
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102:illegal mining
59:
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5032:Superstitions
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5016:
5013:
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5010:Homosexuality
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4687:Bride burning
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4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4084:Gopal Rajwani
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4029:Anees Ibrahim
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3949:M. P. Jayaraj
3947:
3946:
3944:
3940:
3935:
3925:
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3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
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3829:
3827:
3824:
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3818:
3815:
3812:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3796:
3792:
3786:
3785:Kurdish mafia
3783:
3781:
3780:Turkish mafia
3778:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3755:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3736:
3732:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3716:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3702:
3698:
3690:
3689:Chechen mafia
3685:
3684:Russian mafia
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3660:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3639:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3627:
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3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3587:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3575:
3571:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3555:
3549:
3548:Israeli mafia
3546:
3545:
3543:
3539:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3521:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3504:
3502:
3498:
3492:
3489:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
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3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3445:
3440:
3433:
3428:
3426:
3421:
3419:
3414:
3413:
3410:
3400:
3399:
3394:
3387:
3384:
3379:
3377:0-7864-0990-8
3373:
3370:. McFarland.
3369:
3368:
3360:
3357:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3333:
3330:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3302:
3300:
3296:
3291:
3289:9780143028352
3285:
3281:
3280:Penguin Group
3277:
3276:
3268:
3265:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3238:
3235:
3223:on 8 May 2009
3222:
3218:
3217:
3216:Mumbai Mirror
3212:
3205:
3202:
3190:
3186:
3179:
3177:
3173:
3160:
3156:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3130:
3126:
3121:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3103:
3101:9781903254776
3097:
3094:. FAB Press.
3093:
3092:
3084:
3081:
3069:
3065:
3058:
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3045:
3044:
3039:
3033:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3020:
3018:9789352140084
3014:
3010:
3009:Penguin Group
3006:
3005:
2997:
2995:
2991:
2986:
2984:9781452913025
2980:
2976:
2972:
2971:
2963:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2950:
2948:9788124108727
2944:
2940:
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2925:
2920:
2918:9789381398036
2914:
2910:
2906:
2905:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2891:
2887:
2882:
2880:9789352140084
2876:
2872:
2871:Penguin Books
2868:
2867:
2859:
2856:
2851:
2849:9780415288545
2845:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2811:on 2011-07-17
2810:
2806:
2802:
2796:
2793:
2780:
2773:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2756:
2753:
2742:
2738:
2732:
2729:
2718:on 2014-05-12
2717:
2713:
2707:
2704:
2693:on 2014-12-15
2692:
2688:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2665:on 2014-05-08
2664:
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2640:
2636:
2632:
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2619:
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2577:
2576:www.dailyo.in
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2567:
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2514:
2509:
2503:
2500:. Routledge.
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2463:
2460:
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2019:
2015:
2009:
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1511:(film series)
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1440:(Manya Surve)
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4978:Other issues
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4747:Caste system
4722:Prostitution
4634:Child labour
4593:Joint family
4583:Dowry system
4573:Cohabitation
4532:Conservation
4486:Unemployment
4481:Urbanisation
4417:Debt bondage
4412:Land reforms
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4295:Class of '83
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4089:Pappu Kalani
4039:Muthappa Rai
3994:Chhota Rajan
3889:
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3500:
3398:The Diplomat
3396:
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2365:. Springer.
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2103:. 2003-10-17
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2017:
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1977:. Retrieved
1973:Treasury.gov
1972:
1960:
1951:
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1933:
1924:
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1864:the original
1857:
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1829:the original
1819:
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1774:
1767:
1755:. Retrieved
1753:. 5 May 2015
1750:
1726:. Retrieved
1722:
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1614:India portal
1590:
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1132:action films
1129:
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1090:Mother India
1088:
1085:Mehboob Khan
1078:
1072:
1066:
1062:Bombay Hindi
1027:
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1001:
986:
980:Bandit Queen
978:
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962:
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954:
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941:
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916:Mother India
914:
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905:Mehboob Khan
902:
893:Dacoit films
872:
855:South Africa
833:en route to
824:
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661:mafia states
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409:film finance
392:
387:working for
377:Chotta Rajan
375:
329:
300:
252:
229:
227:
204:Tamil Muslim
201:
186:
175:
151:
138:
137:
62:Racketeering
26:
5027:Prohibition
4866:Vigilantism
4780:Communalism
4770:Reservation
4702:Eve teasing
4697:Dowry death
4682:Acid attack
4598:Infertility
4524:Environment
4444:Remittances
4327:Categories
4181:Sachin Waze
4109:Vikas Dubey
4069:D. P. Yadav
4054:Ravi Pujari
4044:Abdul Latif
4019:Manya Surve
3989:Yakub Memon
3984:Tiger Memon
3959:Haji Mastan
3718:South Korea
3687:(including
3641:Philippines
3611:Sio Sam Ong
3469:Wo Shing Wo
3349:21 November
3068:Vanity Fair
1979:January 19,
1952:India Today
1870:30 December
1835:26 December
1592:Delhi Crime
1475:(2018) and
1425:Businessman
1414:(2010) and
1203:(1998) and
1152:Danny Boyle
1144:Gunga Jumna
1125:Gunga Jumna
1100:Gunga Jumna
1093:(1957) and
1077:(1973) and
1069:Salim–Javed
1034:Haji Mastan
964:Gunga Jumna
926:Gunga Jumna
921:Dilip Kumar
899:Dacoit film
883:crime films
632:Rayalaseema
628:blood feuds
471:, "dacoit"
427:Dagdi Chawl
338:Tiger Memon
267:Afghanistan
257:mafia" or "
234:Tamil Hindu
230:Vardha Bhai
189:Haji Mastan
183:1940s–1980s
5037:Disability
4942:Censorship
4871:Cybercrime
4826:Corruption
4803:Secularism
4161:Daya Nayak
4140:Jamim Shah
4135:Maya Dolas
4130:Dilip Buwa
4059:Ali Budesh
4024:Maya Dolas
4004:Atiq Ahmed
3999:Arun Gawli
3974:Bada Rajan
3964:Karim Lala
3808:Đại Cathay
3803:Bình Xuyên
3606:Mamak Gang
3464:Sun Yee On
3322:30 January
3257:23 January
3227:30 January
3194:30 January
3165:30 January
3135:21 January
2904:Hero Vol.2
2815:2011-07-07
2785:16 October
2746:2023-10-19
2722:2023-10-19
2697:2023-10-19
2669:2023-10-19
2644:2023-10-19
2611:16 October
2581:16 October
2556:16 October
2534:16 October
2285:2023-10-19
2197:26 October
2149:2015-08-10
2128:2015-08-10
2107:2015-08-10
2101:Rediff.com
2036:IndiaDaily
1757:16 October
1728:16 October
1683:References
1628:Law portal
1531:Antahpuram
1496:(upcoming)
1464:(2018), a
1156:Feroz Khan
1095:Nitin Bose
821:Activities
698:Coastguard
665:corruption
634:region of
620:See also:
465:Hindustani
461:anglicised
423:Arun Gawli
399:, murder,
393:Bada Rajan
389:Rajan Nair
385:bootlegger
219:Tamil Nadu
197:Karim Lala
141:refers to
122:kidnapping
5000:Sexuality
4990:Feudalism
4985:Colourism
4969:Fake news
4894:Epidemics
4861:Terrorism
4608:Polyandry
4501:Education
4471:Transport
4454:Clearance
4049:Abu Salem
3942:Gangsters
3904:D-Company
3701:Singapore
3524:Indonesia
3491:Snakehead
3484:Shui Fong
3474:Wo Hop To
3312:Scroll.in
3275:Bollywood
3247:The Hindu
3073:4 January
2909:Hay House
2639:0971-8257
2234:24 August
2227:The Hindu
1811:The Hindu
1662:Mafia Raj
1445:Thalaivaa
1355:Abhimanyu
1272:Hong Kong
1211:D-Company
1188:anti-hero
1184:vigilante
1042:D-Company
1010:Sunghursh
879:Bollywood
785:temples.
644:Mafia Raj
640:Karnataka
567:strangled
455:" in the
435:Shiv Sena
419:custody.
401:smuggling
397:extortion
302:D-Company
283:extortion
223:Bollywood
70:extortion
66:smuggling
48:Ethnicity
5057:Category
4995:Gambling
4947:Internet
4899:HIV/AIDS
4889:Diabetes
4712:Feminism
4692:Devadasi
4629:Abortion
4622:Children
4613:Polygyny
4509:Literacy
4239:Attahasa
4123:Henchmen
3764:Chao pho
3757:Thailand
3725:Kkangpae
3625:Pakistan
3589:Malaysia
3129:Archived
2741:Refworld
2259:Archived
2256:page 290
2056:Archived
1989:cite web
1934:BBC News
1896:16 April
1859:Interpol
1600:See also
1282:John Woo
1274:remake,
1048:such as
690:Nigerian
512:Banditry
510:(1903).
453:banditry
371:Pakistan
318:cheating
314:Interpol
263:Pashtuns
211:gangster
110:skimming
4919:Suicide
4914:Obesity
4904:Leprosy
4514:Ragging
4427:Poverty
4384:Economy
4267:Nayakan
4246:Company
3822:'s gang
3820:Dung Hà
3816:'s gang
3814:Năm Cam
3810:'s gang
3795:Vietnam
3616:Wah Kee
3573:Lebanon
3514:Dacoity
3189:Variety
2276:"Thugs"
1677:Thuggee
1647:Dacoity
1542:(1999)
1466:Netflix
1379:Company
1363:Baashha
1347:Parinda
1323:Nayakan
1307:Deewaar
1299:Zanjeer
1268:Deewaar
1250:Deewaar
1242:Company
1234:Deewaar
1206:Company
1148:Deewaar
1140:Deewaar
1136:Zanjeer
1080:Deewaar
1074:Zanjeer
1050:Dharavi
873:In the
851:mandrax
764:baniyan
760:kachcha
725:bookies
722:Cricket
686:Israeli
682:Russian
610:Muslims
606:British
591:baronee
579:private
577:' and '
575:subedar
571:jemadar
559:Thuggee
546:Thuggee
536:Chambal
447:Dacoity
441:Dacoity
431:Byculla
367:Karachi
275:hashish
243:Matunga
239:Dharavi
207:mobster
130:assault
126:forgery
106:bribery
86:robbery
52:Indians
4881:Health
4737:Sexism
4566:Family
4407:Labour
4397:Famine
4309:Kabali
4302:Kaalaa
4231:Movies
3773:Turkey
3735:Taiwan
3564:Yakuza
3541:Israel
3532:Preman
3454:Triads
3374:
3286:
3098:
3015:
2981:
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2396:
2369:
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2309:
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1652:Goonda
1595:(2022)
1580:(2018)
1572:(2010)
1564:(2010)
1556:(2002)
1548:(2001)
1534:(1998)
1519:(1992)
1516:Amaran
1488:(2023)
1485:Bandra
1480:(2021)
1456:(2017)
1448:(2013)
1428:(2012)
1420:(2013)
1398:(2007)
1390:(2004)
1382:(2002)
1374:(1998)
1366:(1995)
1358:(1991)
1350:(1989)
1342:(1988)
1334:(1988)
1326:(1986)
1310:(1975)
1302:(1973)
1270:had a
1244:, and
1058:Tapori
991:(2017)
983:(1994)
975:(1975)
972:Sholay
967:(1961)
959:(1957)
951:(1940)
936:Sholay
863:hawala
843:heroin
835:Europe
756:chaddi
750:) are
718:unions
530:under
407:, and
381:Mumbai
310:Mumbai
259:Pathan
255:Afghan
195:, and
177:Mumbai
114:murder
5015:Hijra
4934:Media
4818:Crime
4765:Dalit
4674:Women
4449:Slums
3897:Gangs
3841:Yemen
3557:Japan
3501:India
2775:(PDF)
1969:(PDF)
1791:6 May
1638:(CBI)
1453:Raees
1371:Satya
1339:Aryan
1238:Satya
1200:Satya
1172:slums
1113:slums
1046:slums
948:Aurat
910:Aurat
839:opium
778:lungi
772:kurta
758:, or
608:were
595:baroo
583:aseel
469:daaku
467:word
265:from
215:Tamil
147:India
42:India
5005:LGBT
4732:Sati
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4190:Laws
3372:ISBN
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3324:2017
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3259:2009
3229:2009
3196:2009
3167:2009
3137:2009
3096:ISBN
3075:2008
3013:ISBN
2979:ISBN
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2913:ISBN
2875:ISBN
2844:ISBN
2787:2017
2635:ISSN
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2583:2017
2558:2017
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2307:ISBN
2236:2012
2199:2015
2171:ISBN
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1898:2012
1872:2012
1837:2014
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