7601:
7485:
30:
7472:
7458:
246:(particularly hip hop and pop music) countries have also naturally influenced Caribbean culture and vice versa. While there are musical commonalities among Caribbean nations and territories, the variation in immigration patterns and colonial hegemony tend to parallel the variations in musical influence. Language barriers (
1703:, eschewed the commercialized and processed life offered by global capitalism, and celebrated the values of communal living. Later, they adopted matted hair which resembled dreadlocks, but identified the style as something which existed in Haiti with the term cheve simbi, referring to water spirits.
189:
At this point, whatever common
Caribbean culture existed was splintered. Each of the European powers had imposed its own culture on the islands they had claimed. In the late 20th century, many Caribbean islands gained independence from colonial rule but the European influences can still be heard in
181:
Following
Christopher Columbus' landing in 1492, Spain laid claim to the entire Caribbean. This claim was met with dissatisfaction from both the natives and Spain's neighbors in Europe; within a few years, bloody battles between the European powers raged across the region. These battles, alongside
1598:
music of the Bara, a tribe of
Madagascar. That few Malagasies came to the Americas casts doubt on this etymology, but it is significant because it emphasizes what Fouchard (and most Haitians) consider the African-derived nature of their music and national identity. Méringue has lost popularity to
193:
Island-specific culture also informs the music of the
Caribbean. Every island has its distinct musical styles, all inspired, to one degree or another, by the music brought over from the African slaves. As such, most Caribbean music, however unique to its own island culture, includes elements of
185:
Thus the
Caribbean was colonized as part of the various European empires. Native cultures were further eroded when the Europeans imported African slaves to work the sugar and coffee plantations on their island colonies. In many cases, native cultures (and native musics) were replaced by those
194:
African music - heavy use of percussion, complex rhythmic patterns, and call-and-response vocals. In many cases, the difference between one style and another comes down to the rhythms utilized in each music; every island has its own rhythmic sensibilities.
376:
to be recorded and featured on commercial records thanks to the efforts of the
American record producer Emory Cook. Short Shirt, Swallow, and Obstinate were among the most popular calypsonians who competed in the island's annual calypso competition.
1914:
is the main "ritmo" of
Honduras, with similar sounds such as Caribbean salsa, merengue, reggae, reggaeton, And kompa all widely heard especially in the North, to Mexican rancheras heard in the interior rural part of the country. Honduras' capital
3593:. Calypso can be traced back to at least 1859, when a visiting ornithologist in Trinidad ascribed calypso's origins in British ballads. While calypso has a diverse heritage, calypso became a distinct genre when it developed in Trinidad. The word
205:
colonial immigration patterns, human trafficking patterns, the resulting melting pot of people each of its nations and territories, and thus resulting influx of original musical influences. Colonial
Caribbean ancestors were predominantly from
3723:
percussion (which is often electronic in recent music), and Indian musical instruments—particularly the dholak, tabla and dhantal—as demonstrated in Shorty's classic compositions "Ïndrani" and "Shanti Om". During the 80's, the influence of
1146:, based in Carnival celebrations and performed by groups of masquerading partygoers. They use the call-and-response format, and lyrics are often light-hearted insulting, and discuss local scandals and rumors. Other genres include:
3404:
dances. Jwé uses raunchy lyrics and innuendos to show off verbal skills, and to express political and comedic commentaries on current events and well-known individuals. One well-known technique that has entered Lucian culture is
3845:
in some ways, but has more sustained syllables, a more
African melodic style and an all female, call and response format with lyrics that function as news and gossip communicator, also commemorating and celebrating historical
321:
Divisions between
Caribbean music genres are not always well-defined, because many of these genres share common relations, instrumentation and have influenced each other in many ways and directions. For example, the Jamaican
1694:
To question the dictatorship's notion of "the Haitian nation" (and thus the dictatorship itself), several men began trying a new way of living, embodied in the Sanba Movement. They drew upon global trends in black power,
1536:
became the two leaders in the group. Sicot then left and formed a new group and an intense rivalry developed, though they remained good friends. To differentiate himself from Nemours, Sicot called his modern méringue,
5103:
5098:
3889:. Traditionally, however, quelbe was performed informally by solo singers at festivals and other celebrations. Hidden meanings and sexual innuendos were common, and lyrics focused on political events like
2014:
has sometimes been considered the world's least populous cultural superpower, especially with its influence on music. The music of Jamaica includes Jamaican folk music and many popular genres, such as
5189:
1328:
dance and drumming, but is now often performed without accompaniment. Lyrics include gossip, news and social criticism, and use clever puns and rhymes. Performance is often competitive in nature.
1576:) is regarded as the oldest surviving form of its kind performed today and is its national symbol. According to Jean Fouchard, mereng evolved from the fusion of slave music genres (such as the
178:
The history of Caribbean music originates from the history of the Caribbean itself. That history is one of the native land invaded by outsiders; violence, slavery, and even genocide factor in.
3476:. It is accompanied by drums traditionally made from tree trunks, though rum kegs are now more common. Satirical and political lyrics are common, performed by a female singer called a
3505:, which was used during slavery to indicate a very swift dance. It is a fusion of numerous popular and folk styles. It is rhythmically complex, with percussion instruments including
5346:
5753:
5329:
5083:
7522:
4442:
3839:
is a Virgin Islander song form, which is now entirely performed for special holiday and appreciation or education events, by folkloric ensembles. It is similar to
5378:
7321:
6502:
6123:
5209:
5108:
5068:
5351:
5304:
5138:
4305:
6572:
4390:
3581:. Calypso uses rhythms derived from West Africa, with cut time, and features dance as an important component. Calypso's roots were frequently ascribed to
7311:
5256:
4786:
7027:
6097:
5385:
5199:
5078:
4903:
4280:
De Ledesma, Charles; Gene Scaramuzzo (2000). "Dance-Funk Creole-Style". In Broughton, Simon; Ellingham, Mark; McConnachie, James; Duane, Orla (eds.).
5163:
5510:
5234:
5073:
7142:
5460:
4920:
372:
scenes as part of its annual Carnival celebration. Hell's Gate, along with Brute Force and the Big Shell Steelband, were the first Caribbean
7587:
6447:
5239:
4860:
4845:
1679:'s appropriation of Vodou images as a terror technique, the increase in U.S. assembly and large-scale export agriculture, the popularity of
7515:
5339:
5038:
1796:
3400:
is a kind of rural music from Saint Lucia, performed informally at wakes, beach parties, full moon gatherings and other events, including
1744:, or traditional spiritual music from the rural hamlets called lakous, like Lakou Souvnans, Lakou Badjo, Lakou Soukri, or Lakou Dereyal.
4886:
4544:
Liverpool, Hollis Urban (Autumn 1994). "Researching Steelband and Calypso Music in the British Caribbean and the U. S. Virgin Islands".
407:
style. It has also been a means of folk communication, spreading news and political commentary across the island. Other genres include:
7331:
6997:
5743:
5390:
5246:
4908:
4835:
1792:
60:
3482:
and accompanied by colorfully costumed dancers. Big Drum is performed at celebrations like weddings and the launchings of new boats.
7429:
7212:
6220:
6154:
5224:
5194:
5052:
4855:
4694:
4528:
4469:
4419:
4289:
4264:
4214:
4181:
4148:
6687:
6139:
6102:
5413:
5214:
3882:
3465:
4640:
1336:
is a style of Curaçao music, strongly African in origin, despite the name's origin in a 17th-century Spanish dance. Traditional
7633:
7562:
7508:
7336:
6522:
6392:
6232:
6225:
5229:
5148:
5093:
5043:
5007:
1273:
1268:
7638:
7316:
7017:
5088:
4779:
4747:
4733:
4485:
3988:
3383:
7346:
6827:
6144:
5361:
3630:
7577:
7177:
6312:
6186:
4605:
3558:
1699:, "Hippie"-dom, as well as prominently from rural life in Haiti. They dressed in the traditional blue denim (karoko) of
392:
334:, and vice versa, while their origins lie in the Caribbean culture, each uniquely characterized by influences from the
7552:
7397:
7326:
7217:
6497:
6176:
6092:
5219:
7301:
7222:
6602:
6547:
5738:
5453:
5373:
5204:
5063:
4881:
4364:
454:
2274:
7402:
6962:
6244:
5610:
5565:
5048:
4913:
4772:
4613:
4316:
3510:
1344:
often eschews such topics. It is well known abroad, and dates to the early 19th century. It is now a part of the
3044:
1448:, related to both calypso and mento, and became a major part of early popular music through its use in Guyanese
7628:
7476:
7082:
6977:
6927:
6897:
6198:
5990:
5540:
5277:
5263:
5177:
5058:
4804:
2279:
4125:
1312:. It is led by a single singer, who improvises. Lyrics often concern local figures and events of importance.
182:
the various European diseases which accompanied them, decimated the native tribes who inhabited the islands.
7291:
7257:
6191:
5002:
4824:
4709:
3725:
1591:
1573:
1509:
611:
3094:
591:
6782:
6637:
6215:
5933:
5758:
5570:
5334:
5143:
5017:
4876:
4685:
Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume Two: South America, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean
4460:
Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume Two: South America, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean
4203:
Garland Encyclopedia of World Music, Volume Two: South America, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean
3219:
3099:
3004:
2889:
2424:
1880:
3109:
3039:
2934:
2459:
2359:
2349:
2134:
606:
352:
spiritual tradition of Jamaica. Music from the Spanish-speaking areas of the Caribbean are classified as
7242:
7192:
7092:
7062:
7042:
6417:
6171:
6149:
5889:
5763:
5446:
5294:
5012:
2619:
2609:
2469:
2174:
1533:
1513:
616:
3573:, a style of lyricism that teases people in a light-hearted way. Calypso is competitively performed in
2999:
2959:
2884:
2739:
2724:
2709:
2694:
2594:
2579:
2454:
2414:
2389:
2384:
2114:
586:
3567:. Songs are often improvised and humorous, with sexual innuendo, political and social commentary, and
2949:
2489:
2449:
2374:
2354:
2334:
2304:
1293:
7582:
7542:
7132:
7102:
7097:
7022:
6922:
6902:
6702:
6542:
6342:
6287:
6181:
6159:
5985:
5938:
5314:
4830:
3767:
3526:
3339:
3319:
3254:
3019:
2954:
2859:
2844:
2769:
2754:
2644:
2614:
2604:
2484:
2369:
2364:
2339:
1684:
1676:
1664:
1055:
770:
299:
259:
68:
64:
3009:
2974:
2939:
2909:
2894:
2829:
2814:
2799:
2784:
2734:
2719:
2704:
2689:
2679:
2669:
2654:
2624:
2589:
2519:
2439:
2409:
2394:
2379:
2289:
2109:
2045:
Here provides a list of Jamaican/Jamaican influenced music genres, sub genres and derivative forms:
800:
717:
701:
7362:
7232:
7152:
7057:
7037:
6872:
6862:
6832:
6797:
6792:
6747:
6722:
6597:
6527:
6477:
6442:
6352:
6337:
6254:
5863:
5796:
5595:
5251:
5153:
5033:
4819:
3709:
3214:
3029:
2944:
2929:
2924:
2874:
2599:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2524:
2474:
2434:
1345:
343:
307:
251:
3014:
2854:
2764:
2749:
2419:
696:
691:
7424:
7392:
7247:
7112:
7067:
6952:
6907:
6837:
6787:
6672:
6627:
6327:
6317:
6259:
6249:
5968:
5720:
5590:
5422:
4987:
4850:
4840:
4561:
4436:
4054:
4026:
3034:
2984:
2969:
2964:
2904:
2744:
2729:
2714:
2699:
2674:
2664:
2649:
2549:
2499:
2404:
2399:
2324:
2269:
2219:
1713:
1452:
shows; songs are topical and light-hearted, often accompanied by a guitar. Other genres include:
1020:
810:
295:
202:
4206:
4198:
4173:
4165:
3334:
2869:
2544:
2539:
2444:
2294:
2264:
2234:
1283:
1253:
1228:
686:
3024:
2919:
2864:
2849:
2774:
2759:
2554:
2514:
2284:
2254:
2199:
2169:
755:
666:
656:
646:
621:
7382:
7377:
7272:
7162:
7157:
7122:
7077:
7072:
6987:
6967:
6942:
6857:
6812:
6807:
6732:
6652:
6567:
6562:
6517:
6512:
6467:
6432:
6427:
6412:
6397:
6357:
6208:
6055:
6043:
5948:
5923:
5904:
5705:
5700:
5485:
5309:
4743:
4729:
4690:
4648:
4524:
4465:
4415:
4409:
4285:
4260:
4210:
4177:
4144:
3984:
3189:
3114:
2994:
2979:
2914:
2899:
2834:
2819:
2804:
2789:
2684:
2659:
2634:
2534:
2529:
2509:
2479:
2429:
2139:
2069:
1143:
706:
661:
596:
404:
339:
311:
291:
255:
2879:
2204:
636:
601:
7606:
7572:
7547:
7414:
7296:
7252:
7237:
7227:
7207:
7182:
7087:
7047:
7002:
6917:
6882:
6877:
6867:
6847:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6707:
6662:
6657:
6622:
6607:
6582:
6557:
6552:
6532:
6507:
6482:
6472:
6422:
6387:
6367:
6362:
6347:
6332:
6322:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6087:
5958:
5884:
5843:
5785:
5680:
5650:
5477:
5427:
5324:
5299:
4978:
4973:
4958:
4553:
4046:
4018:
3469:
3424:
3104:
2344:
2179:
2159:
1919:
is an important center for modern Honduran music, and is home to the College for Fine Arts.
1755:
is another form of folk music played by peripatetic troubadours playing some combination of
1110:
1005:
980:
925:
790:
275:
247:
5635:
631:
7434:
7372:
7306:
7267:
7202:
7197:
7187:
7147:
7127:
7052:
7012:
7007:
6982:
6957:
6932:
6852:
6842:
6802:
6757:
6742:
6737:
6717:
6692:
6642:
6632:
6617:
6587:
6492:
6437:
6407:
6402:
6382:
6372:
6307:
6134:
6082:
6015:
6000:
5928:
5914:
5806:
5640:
5575:
5505:
4992:
4968:
4963:
3729:
3259:
3224:
3194:
2164:
1971:
1961:
1893:
1835:
1649:
1445:
1208:
1000:
990:
915:
863:
559:
449:
303:
287:
267:
168:
80:
72:
44:
33:
4342:
1800:
4517:
3409:, which is when the singer says the opposite of his true meaning. Other genres include:
7567:
7488:
7441:
7409:
7387:
7341:
7262:
7172:
7137:
7117:
7107:
7032:
6992:
6947:
6912:
6892:
6887:
6822:
6777:
6727:
6712:
6697:
6667:
6647:
6612:
6592:
6537:
6462:
6457:
6377:
6072:
6038:
6005:
5943:
5811:
5555:
4683:
4458:
3813:
3808:
3648:
3590:
3534:
3299:
3147:
2989:
2244:
1976:
1956:
1830:
1756:
1672:
1668:
1663:
Starting in the late 1970s (with discontent surrounding the increasing opulence of the
1641:
1545:
1483:
1414:
1288:
1223:
1105:
353:
315:
263:
243:
239:
76:
17:
7622:
7557:
7419:
7167:
6972:
6937:
6817:
6752:
6682:
6677:
6577:
6487:
6452:
6166:
6107:
6050:
6020:
5995:
5980:
5953:
5838:
5833:
5685:
5675:
5625:
5605:
5517:
5500:
5490:
5289:
4997:
4656:
3933:
3913:
3751:
3720:
3716:
3667:
3620:
3552:
3414:
3368:
3294:
3264:
3157:
3064:
2584:
2329:
2299:
2149:
2039:
1813:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1538:
1471:
1456:
1419:
1404:
1364:
1356:
1332:
1243:
1176:
1166:
1156:
1133:
1050:
1015:
940:
920:
887:
507:
386:
365:
327:
172:
108:
100:
96:
84:
1706:
In the 1990s, commercial success came to the musical genre that came to be known as
29:
7462:
6203:
6077:
5963:
5874:
5858:
5823:
5733:
5660:
5545:
3856:
3756:
3574:
3521:
3483:
3152:
2839:
2639:
2154:
2094:
1845:
1717:
1529:
1461:
1399:
1161:
882:
486:
112:
92:
88:
4493:
4282:
World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific
3908:
905:
4230:
4099:
3561:
music, which traditionally uses a slow tempo to accompany vocalist-composers, or
6065:
5879:
5828:
5801:
5728:
5495:
4580:
3943:
3691:
3582:
3563:
3329:
3269:
3142:
2824:
2809:
2794:
2779:
2629:
2494:
2319:
2249:
2104:
1996:
1916:
1784:
1708:
1611:
1501:
1263:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1070:
1065:
1025:
681:
576:
403:. It is characterized by lyrics that focus on scandalous gossip, performed in a
235:
211:
207:
156:
7596:
6010:
5975:
5710:
5665:
3948:
3787:
3705:
3694:
3429:
3373:
3349:
3304:
3289:
3284:
3274:
2504:
2464:
2314:
2309:
2214:
2189:
2129:
2054:
2023:
1966:
1951:
1870:
1865:
1855:
1729:
1721:
1696:
1586:
1525:
1521:
1449:
1321:
1278:
1258:
1238:
1075:
1060:
1010:
950:
945:
526:
502:
468:
425:
160:
132:
104:
4652:
4617:
3601:
in the dialect of Saint Lucia, and may be linguistically related to the word
3127:
1151:
326:
style has a long history of conflation with Trinidadian calypso. Elements of
71:). Some of the styles to gain wide popularity outside the Caribbean include,
7367:
5695:
5527:
5158:
5126:
4934:
4795:
4073:
3777:
3746:
3671:
3635:
3478:
3473:
3444:
3439:
3324:
3279:
3229:
3162:
2209:
2184:
2089:
2079:
2074:
2035:
2031:
1986:
1946:
1875:
1860:
1780:
1768:
1752:
1466:
1424:
1389:
1340:
is characterized by scandalous, gossiping and accusatory lyrics, but modern
1308:
is a festival, dance, drum and song type from the Dutch Antillean island of
1218:
1181:
1171:
985:
960:
873:
815:
795:
765:
760:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
722:
676:
549:
227:
152:
124:
120:
4306:"The African Folk Music Tradition from Guyana: A Discourse and Performance"
3923:
3239:
1568:
Evolving in Haiti during the mid-1800s, the Haitian méringue (known as the
1045:
955:
641:
4645:
Proudflesh: A New Afrikan Journal of Culture, Politics & Consciousness
7500:
5818:
5780:
5615:
4953:
4891:
3928:
3861:
3687:
3679:
3619:
Cariso is a kind of Trinidadian folk music, and an important ancestor of
3578:
3461:
3378:
3363:
3249:
3209:
3054:
2259:
2229:
2224:
2124:
1764:
1615:
1517:
1233:
1115:
1040:
1035:
995:
975:
970:
930:
895:
825:
626:
581:
539:
473:
444:
420:
373:
369:
5620:
5580:
5560:
4365:"Band's Haitian Fusion Offers Fellow Immigrants a Musical Link to Home"
3938:
3918:
3890:
3683:
3586:
3506:
3419:
3167:
3137:
2559:
2239:
2194:
2011:
1981:
1927:
1700:
1394:
1309:
1248:
1186:
935:
910:
878:
838:
780:
775:
712:
439:
412:
283:
4565:
4058:
4037:
Daniel J. Crowley (1959). "Toward a Definition of Calypso (Part II)".
4030:
3623:. It is lyrically topical, and frequently sarcastic or mocking in the
5894:
5630:
5585:
5550:
5535:
4896:
4764:
4641:"Descendants of a Sharp-Tongued Dialectic: Calypso and the Chantwell"
4009:
Daniel J. Crowley (1959). "Toward a Definition of Calypso (Part I)".
3956:
3903:
3876:
3841:
3782:
3733:
3675:
3625:
3614:
3569:
3494:
3449:
3314:
3244:
3204:
3199:
3079:
3074:
3069:
2144:
2119:
2059:
2027:
1991:
1923:
1776:
1772:
1760:
1725:
1688:
1600:
1512:) that was popularized in the mid-1950s by the sax and guitar player
1441:
1409:
1316:
1213:
965:
900:
868:
820:
554:
544:
531:
497:
478:
348:
335:
279:
271:
219:
148:
144:
128:
116:
48:
3396:
4557:
4050:
4022:
1675:
and other urban areas) began experimenting with new types of life.
6112:
6060:
5748:
5670:
5600:
5469:
3881:
Quelbe is a form of Virgin Islander folk music that originated on
3792:
3772:
3309:
3234:
3089:
3084:
3059:
2099:
2084:
2064:
2015:
1910:
1791:
as a result of Haitian migrant laborers who went to work on Cuban
1680:
1375:
1100:
1095:
805:
785:
671:
651:
521:
331:
323:
223:
215:
140:
136:
63:
influences, largely created by descendants of African slaves (see
4676:
4674:
3690:. It derives elements from traditional Indian music and popular
1584:) with ballroom forms related to the French-Haitian contredanse (
5899:
5690:
4760:
The Diaz Ayala Cuban and Latin American Popular Music Collection
3434:
3344:
3172:
1885:
1788:
1733:
1429:
1191:
1030:
858:
844:
231:
218:. In the 20th and 21st centuries immigrants have also come from
164:
56:
52:
7504:
6277:
5442:
4768:
1622:
when musicians began combining elements of traditional Haitian
3736:' had a major impact on the development of modern soca music.
2049:
2019:
1736:
rhythms into traditional forms and instrumentation, including
833:
4552:(2). Black Music Research Journal, Vol. 14, No. 2: 179–201.
1632:. This style of modern music reaching back to the roots of
67:), along with contributions from other communities (such as
4759:
4045:(3 (Sep., 1959)). Ethnomusicology, Vol. 3, No. 3: 117–124.
1652:. In context, the movement is often referred to simply as
364:
By the mid-20th century Antigua and Barbuda boasted lively
4408:
Manuel, Peter with Kenneth Bilby, Michael Largey (2006).
1691:
and chanson française disillusioned many youth and love.
5438:
4740:
Caribbean Currents: Caribbean Music from Rumba to Reggae
4519:
Caribbean Currents: Caribbean Music from Rumba to Reggae
4411:
Caribbean Currents: Caribbean Music from Rumba to Reggae
4523:(2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
4017:(2 (May 1959)). Ethnomusicology, Vol. 3, No. 2: 57–66.
3497:
is a music genre that originated in Suriname. The term
3715:
Soca originally combined the melodic lilting sound of
1795:
at the turn of the century. Musicians perform at the
7355:
7284:
6270:
6121:
6031:
5913:
5854:
5776:
5754:
Evolution of timpani in the 18th and 19th centuries
5719:
5649:
5526:
5476:
5360:
5276:
5176:
5125:
5026:
4946:
4933:
4869:
4812:
4803:
4682:
4516:
4457:
4126:"When Steel Talks: "The Story of Pan in Antigua.""
1930:and other instruments. Popular folk songs include
1516:. His méringue soon became popular throughout the
4681:Sheehy, Daniel E. (1999). "The Virgin Islands".
1556:. It is commonly spelled as it is pronounced as
1320:is a topical song form from the Dutch Antillean
36:, a Jamaican-American pop-calypso singer in 1954
4143:. United Kingdom: Hansib Publications Limited.
3885:, now most commonly performed by groups called
3501:is probably derived from the French expression
4255:Sadie, Stanley, ed. (1995). "Dutch Antilles".
3509:(a very large bass drum). Songs are typically
7516:
5454:
4780:
4259:. London: Macmillan Publishers. p. 777.
4257:New Grove Dictionary of Music & Musicians
3708:is a style of Caribbean music originating in
43:are very diverse. They are each synthesis of
8:
4441:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4004:
4002:
4000:
1594:). Mereng's name, he says, derives from the
190:the music of each subtly different culture.
4456:Guilbault, Jocelyne (1999). "Saint Lucia".
7523:
7509:
7501:
6274:
5523:
5461:
5447:
5439:
5366:
5282:
5182:
5131:
4943:
4939:
4809:
4787:
4773:
4765:
4728:, 2nd Edition, 2018. Taylor & Francis
6098:Music technology (electronic and digital)
5200:Caribbean Basin Trade and Partnership Act
3655:, and can also be used synonymously with
5164:Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States
4726:Music of Latin America and the Caribbean
4606:"Calypso - The Evolution of the Calypso"
3981:Caribbean Currents: From Rumba to Reggae
201:are best understood with a knowledge of
28:
3971:
318:) are one of the strongest influences.
4434:
4343:"The Making of Popular Guyanese Music"
4231:"Culture: A Rich and Diverse Heritage"
1783:origin. It is in some ways similar to
5636:Vietnam imperial court music—Nhã nhạc
5240:Eastern Caribbean Securities Exchange
4313:Brown Bag Colloquium Series 2003–2004
3670:is a form indigenous to the southern
167:. Caribbean music is also related to
7:
5340:Central American and Caribbean Games
4610:Calypso Music in Trinidad and Tobago
4100:"Trojan Calypso Box Set liner notes"
3629:tradition, and is sung primarily in
1799:and also at bars and restaurants in
1797:Port-au-Prince International Airport
1712:, or "roots music". Musicians like
1628:ceremonial and folkloric music with
1614:is a musical movement that began in
4846:Baltic-German Caribbean (1654-1689)
4172:. Vol. 2. Routledge. pp.
4170:Garland Encyclopedia of World Music
1324:. It traditionally accompanies the
7312:Classical and art music traditions
5744:History of lute-family instruments
5561:Cambodian ceremonial music—Pinpeat
4284:. Rough Guides. pp. 289–303.
4141:King Short Shirt: Nobody Go Run Me
25:
4742:(Temple University Press, 1995).
186:imported from Africa and Europe.
7599:
7484:
7483:
7470:
7456:
7028:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
6503:Democratic Republic of the Congo
6103:Sound recording and reproduction
5556:Burmese classical music—Mahāgīta
3503:casser le corps (break the body)
3466:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
3457:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
7332:Jazz and popular music glossary
5149:Association of Caribbean States
5008:Latin America and the Caribbean
4689:. Routledge. pp. 968–974.
6573:Federated States of Micronesia
4710:Cumbia music by country#Mexico
1:
5616:Philippine art songs—Kundiman
5536:Afghan classical music—Klasik
4861:Swedish Caribbean (1784–1878)
4836:British Caribbean (1586–1834)
4820:Spanish Caribbean (1492–1898)
356:in the Latin music industry.
7477:Record production portal
7322:Cultural and regional genres
5581:Indonesian art music—Gamelan
5210:Central banks and currencies
4856:German Caribbean (1685-1693)
4851:Danish Caribbean (1672–1917)
4841:French Caribbean (1625–1817)
4546:Black Music Research Journal
4197:Guilbault, Jocelyne (1999).
2275:Calypso (Jamaican influence)
1636:tradition came to be called
197:The complex deep origins of
6093:Music technology (electric)
5631:Thai classical music—Piphat
5586:Japanese court music—Gagaku
4831:Dutch Caribbean (1554–1863)
4363:Wise, Brian (9 June 2006).
3983:. Temple University Press.
7655:
5739:History of the harpsichord
5626:Kandyan dance of Sri Lanka
5205:Caribbean Development Bank
4882:Caribbean Court of Justice
4139:O'Marde, Dorbrene (2014).
3874:
3612:
3550:
3045:Reggaeton dancehall fusion
1922:Folk music is played with
1667:dictatorship), youth from
1481:
1142:) is a tradition from the
1131:
455:Bahamian Rhyming Spiritual
384:
7594:
7538:
7450:
6284:
5566:Chinese traditional music
5407:
5369:
5285:
5257:in the Danish West Indies
5185:
5134:
4942:
4614:National Heritage Library
4490:Cultural Profiles Project
4486:"The Arts and Literature"
2280:Soca (Jamaican influence)
1720:, and to a lesser extent
7588:Turks and Caicos Islands
6448:Central African Republic
5991:Computational musicology
5541:Andalusi classical music
4639:Samuel, Allyson (2004).
4164:McDaniel, Lorna (1999).
1671:(and to a lesser extent
330:have come to be used in
7337:Music genres and styles
5641:Western classical music
5611:Persian classical music
5003:Caribbean South America
4579:Rao, Shivu (May 2002).
7634:Music of Latin America
7532:Music of the Caribbean
7317:Classical music genres
6393:Bosnia and Herzegovina
5934:Doctor of Musical Arts
5759:History of the trumpet
5571:Indian classical music
5144:Afro-Caribbean leftism
5018:Western Caribbean zone
4581:"Jolly Boys and Mento"
4515:Manuel, Peter (2006).
4205:. Routledge. pp.
3979:Manuel, Peter (1995).
3728:as popularized by the
3516:Other genres include:
1941:Other genres include:
1351:Other genres include:
41:Caribbean music genres
37:
18:Music of the Caribbean
7639:Lists of music genres
7143:São Tomé and Príncipe
7018:Saint Kitts and Nevis
6998:Republic of the Congo
5764:History of the violin
5104:Dependent territories
4921:Territorial evolution
4585:Perfect Sound Forever
4166:"Antigua and Barbuda"
3468:and elsewhere in the
3357:Saint Kitts and Nevis
3050:Jamaican folk music:
1534:Nemours Jean-Baptiste
1514:Nemours Jean-Baptiste
32:
7213:United Arab Emirates
5986:Cognitive musicology
5109:World Heritage Sites
4389:Eve Hayes de Kalaf.
4235:Geographica: Bonaire
3464:is a style found in
3005:Dancehall pop fusion
2890:Ska dancehall fusion
2425:Rebel music (Reggae)
2042:and related styles.
1771:instruments singing
1685:Jean-Claude Duvalier
391:Benna is an uptempo
300:Amerindian languages
69:Indo-Caribbean music
65:Afro-Caribbean music
7363:Aesthetics of music
7178:Trinidad and Tobago
6313:Antigua and Barbuda
5797:Band (rock and pop)
5721:Musical instruments
5596:Lao classical music
5352:Television stations
5154:Caribbean Community
4620:on October 14, 2006
3710:Trinidad and Tobago
3542:Trinidad and Tobago
3040:Dancehall reggaeton
2935:Reggaeton dancehall
2460:Reggae instrumental
2360:Conscious dancehall
2350:Christian dancehall
2135:DJ music (Toasting)
1687:'s appreciation of
1640:("roots music") in
1548:, it is spelled as
1346:Carnival Road March
360:Antigua and Barbuda
7563:Dominican Republic
7425:Musical instrument
7393:Music and politics
6523:Dominican Republic
6271:By sovereign state
5591:Korean court music
5551:Azerbaijani Mugham
5069:Metropolitan areas
5013:Southern Caribbean
4988:Caribbean Lowlands
4909:Influx of diseases
4496:on October 1, 2006
4322:on August 28, 2006
4072:Garnice, Michael.
3633:by singers called
3486:is another genre.
2620:Dancehall afrobeat
2610:Afrobeat dancehall
2470:Hardcore dancehall
2175:Sound system music
1714:Boukman Eksperyans
1496:Compas, short for
1202:Dominican Republic
709:(Golpe de tambora)
393:Antiguan folk song
203:Western Hemisphere
38:
7616:
7615:
7498:
7497:
7383:Music and fashion
7378:Music and emotion
7280:
7279:
6548:Equatorial Guinea
6044:A-side and B-side
5949:Music archaeology
5924:Bachelor of Music
5772:
5771:
5706:Psychedelic music
5701:Progressive music
5621:Scottish Ceòl Mór
5436:
5435:
5403:
5402:
5399:
5398:
5272:
5271:
5172:
5171:
5121:
5120:
5117:
5116:
4929:
4928:
4887:Indigenous people
3511:call-and-response
3340:Spanish Dancehall
3320:Reggae en Español
3000:Reggae pop fusion
2960:Digital dancehall
2885:Ska reggae fusion
2740:R&B dancehall
2725:Dancehall R&B
2710:Hip-hop dancehall
2695:Dancehall hip-hop
2595:Electro dancehall
2580:Digital nyabinghi
2455:Rastafarian chant
2430:Rastafarian music
2415:Classic dancehall
2390:Old school reggae
2385:Revival dancehall
2115:Digital dancehall
1906:music of Honduras
1793:sugar plantations
1677:François Duvalier
1301:Dutch West Indies
1144:music of Dominica
1056:Reggae en Español
761:Romanza vallenata
405:call and response
292:African languages
16:(Redirected from
7646:
7609:
7607:Caribbean portal
7604:
7603:
7602:
7525:
7518:
7511:
7502:
7487:
7486:
7475:
7474:
7473:
7463:Music portal
7461:
7460:
7459:
7415:Music technology
7403:Environmentalism
7356:Related articles
6963:Papua New Guinea
6828:Marshall Islands
6275:
6221:Central American
5959:Music psychology
5844:Backing vocalist
5681:Electronic music
5524:
5478:History of music
5463:
5456:
5449:
5440:
5416:
5367:
5300:Caribbean people
5283:
5183:
5132:
5099:Sovereign states
5079:Populated places
4979:Windward Islands
4974:Leeward Antilles
4959:Greater Antilles
4944:
4940:
4810:
4789:
4782:
4775:
4766:
4712:
4707:
4701:
4700:
4688:
4678:
4669:
4668:
4666:
4664:
4655:. Archived from
4636:
4630:
4629:
4627:
4625:
4616:. Archived from
4602:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4591:
4576:
4570:
4569:
4541:
4535:
4534:
4522:
4512:
4506:
4505:
4503:
4501:
4492:. Archived from
4482:
4476:
4475:
4463:
4453:
4447:
4446:
4440:
4432:
4430:
4428:
4405:
4399:
4398:
4386:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4375:
4360:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4349:
4338:
4332:
4331:
4329:
4327:
4321:
4315:. Archived from
4310:
4302:
4296:
4295:
4277:
4271:
4270:
4252:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4241:
4227:
4221:
4220:
4194:
4188:
4187:
4161:
4155:
4154:
4136:
4130:
4129:
4121:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4110:
4095:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4084:
4074:"What Is Mento?"
4069:
4063:
4062:
4034:
4006:
3995:
3994:
3976:
3866:Masquerade music
3730:French Antillean
3470:Windward Islands
3384:Stringband music
3177:Mazouk (Mazurka)
2950:Digital steppers
2490:Experimental dub
2450:Nyahbinghi chant
2375:New roots reggae
2355:Conscious reggae
2345:Christian reggae
2335:Gospel dancehall
2305:Dancehall fusion
2180:Dancehall reggae
1520:, especially in
1500:, is the modern
1294:Dominican Dembow
296:Indian languages
169:Central American
21:
7654:
7653:
7649:
7648:
7647:
7645:
7644:
7643:
7629:Caribbean music
7619:
7618:
7617:
7612:
7605:
7600:
7598:
7592:
7578:Lesser Antilles
7534:
7529:
7499:
7494:
7471:
7469:
7457:
7455:
7446:
7373:Fictional music
7351:
7276:
7083:Solomon Islands
6928:North Macedonia
6280:
6266:
6128:
6126:regional genres
6125:
6117:
6083:Record producer
6027:
6016:Sociomusicology
6001:Ethnomusicology
5929:Master of Music
5909:
5868:
5850:
5807:All-female band
5790:
5768:
5715:
5652:
5645:
5601:Mandé art music
5576:Byzantine music
5522:
5472:
5467:
5437:
5432:
5419:
5412:
5395:
5356:
5268:
5235:Stock exchanges
5168:
5113:
5022:
4993:Caribbean Plate
4969:Leeward Islands
4964:Lesser Antilles
4925:
4865:
4799:
4793:
4756:
4738:Manuel, Peter.
4721:
4719:Further reading
4716:
4715:
4708:
4704:
4697:
4680:
4679:
4672:
4662:
4660:
4659:on May 14, 2006
4638:
4637:
4633:
4623:
4621:
4604:
4603:
4599:
4589:
4587:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4543:
4542:
4538:
4531:
4514:
4513:
4509:
4499:
4497:
4484:
4483:
4479:
4472:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4433:
4426:
4424:
4422:
4414:. p. 156.
4407:
4406:
4402:
4388:
4387:
4383:
4373:
4371:
4362:
4361:
4357:
4347:
4345:
4340:
4339:
4335:
4325:
4323:
4319:
4308:
4304:
4303:
4299:
4292:
4279:
4278:
4274:
4267:
4254:
4253:
4249:
4239:
4237:
4229:
4228:
4224:
4217:
4196:
4195:
4191:
4184:
4163:
4162:
4158:
4151:
4138:
4137:
4133:
4124:Gordon, Leroy.
4123:
4122:
4118:
4108:
4106:
4097:
4096:
4092:
4082:
4080:
4071:
4070:
4066:
4039:Ethnomusicology
4036:
4011:Ethnomusicology
4008:
4007:
3998:
3991:
3978:
3977:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3899:
3897:Yucatán, Mexico
3879:
3873:
3853:
3833:
3828:
3805:
3800:
3742:
3719:with insistent
3703:
3665:
3617:
3611:
3555:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3492:
3459:
3454:
3393:
3388:
3359:
3354:
3335:Salsa Romántica
3260:Latin Freestyle
3185:
3180:
3123:
3020:World dancehall
2955:Digital rockers
2860:Metal dancehall
2845:Dancehall metal
2770:Blues dancehall
2755:Dancehall blues
2645:Latin dancehall
2615:Reggae afrobeat
2605:Afrobeat reggae
2485:Progressive dub
2370:Roots dancehall
2365:Cultural reggae
2340:Jamaican gospel
2009:
2004:
1972:Classical music
1902:
1890:
1836:Haitian hip hop
1809:
1750:
1724:, incorporated
1609:
1566:
1494:
1486:
1480:
1439:
1434:
1385:
1380:
1303:
1298:
1204:
1196:
1140:masquerade song
1136:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1001:Guarapachangueo
864:Afro-Cuban jazz
854:
849:
569:
564:
517:
512:
464:
459:
450:Rake-and-scrape
435:
430:
395:, also spelled
389:
383:
362:
199:Caribbean music
34:Harry Belafonte
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7652:
7650:
7642:
7641:
7636:
7631:
7621:
7620:
7614:
7613:
7611:
7610:
7595:
7593:
7591:
7590:
7585:
7580:
7575:
7570:
7565:
7560:
7555:
7553:Cayman Islands
7550:
7545:
7539:
7536:
7535:
7530:
7528:
7527:
7520:
7513:
7505:
7496:
7495:
7493:
7492:
7480:
7466:
7451:
7448:
7447:
7445:
7444:
7442:Women in music
7439:
7438:
7437:
7432:
7430:Classification
7422:
7417:
7412:
7410:Music festival
7407:
7406:
7405:
7400:
7390:
7388:Music industry
7385:
7380:
7375:
7370:
7365:
7359:
7357:
7353:
7352:
7350:
7349:
7344:
7339:
7334:
7329:
7324:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7304:
7299:
7294:
7288:
7286:
7282:
7281:
7278:
7277:
7275:
7270:
7265:
7260:
7258:Western Sahara
7255:
7250:
7245:
7240:
7235:
7230:
7225:
7220:
7218:United Kingdom
7215:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7030:
7025:
7020:
7015:
7010:
7005:
7000:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6975:
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238:. Neighboring
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6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6704:
6701:
6699:
6696:
6694:
6691:
6689:
6686:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6638:Guinea-Bissau
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
6596:
6594:
6591:
6589:
6586:
6584:
6581:
6579:
6576:
6574:
6571:
6569:
6566:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6556:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6454:
6451:
6449:
6446:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6283:
6276:
6273:
6269:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6247:
6246:
6243:
6239:
6236:
6235:
6234:
6231:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6218:
6217:
6214:
6210:
6207:
6205:
6202:
6201:
6200:
6197:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6169:
6168:
6165:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6137:
6136:
6133:
6132:
6130:
6127:
6124:Cultural and
6120:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6053:
6052:
6051:Extended play
6049:
6045:
6042:
6041:
6040:
6037:
6036:
6034:
6030:
6022:
6021:Zoomusicology
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5996:Ecomusicology
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5981:Biomusicology
5979:
5978:
5977:
5974:
5970:
5967:
5966:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5954:Music history
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5925:
5922:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5912:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5890:Improvisation
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5872:
5870:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5856:
5853:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5839:Lead vocalist
5837:
5836:
5835:
5834:Military band
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5800:
5799:
5798:
5795:
5794:
5792:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5778:
5775:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5722:
5718:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5686:Hip hop music
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5676:Country music
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5658:
5656:
5654:
5648:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5606:Ottoman music
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5562:
5559:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5533:
5531:
5529:
5525:
5519:
5516:
5512:
5509:
5508:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5483:
5481:
5479:
5475:
5471:
5464:
5459:
5457:
5452:
5450:
5445:
5444:
5441:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5420:
5415:
5411:
5410:
5406:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5380:
5377:
5376:
5375:
5372:
5371:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5359:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5341:
5338:
5337:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5287:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5275:
5265:
5262:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5249:
5248:
5245:
5241:
5238:
5237:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5187:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5175:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5136:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5124:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5054:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5031:
5029:
5025:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4998:Caribbean Sea
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4956:
4955:
4952:
4951:
4949:
4945:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4932:
4922:
4919:
4915:
4912:
4911:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4868:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4802:
4797:
4790:
4785:
4783:
4778:
4776:
4771:
4770:
4767:
4761:
4758:
4757:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4741:
4737:
4735:
4731:
4727:
4724:Brill, Mark.
4723:
4722:
4718:
4711:
4706:
4703:
4698:
4696:0-8153-1865-0
4692:
4687:
4686:
4677:
4675:
4671:
4658:
4654:
4650:
4646:
4642:
4635:
4632:
4619:
4615:
4611:
4607:
4601:
4598:
4586:
4582:
4575:
4572:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4555:
4551:
4547:
4540:
4537:
4532:
4530:1-59213-463-7
4526:
4521:
4520:
4511:
4508:
4500:September 27,
4495:
4491:
4487:
4481:
4478:
4473:
4471:0-8153-1865-0
4467:
4464:. Routledge.
4462:
4461:
4452:
4449:
4444:
4438:
4423:
4421:9781592134649
4417:
4413:
4412:
4404:
4401:
4396:
4392:
4385:
4382:
4370:
4366:
4359:
4356:
4344:
4337:
4334:
4318:
4314:
4307:
4301:
4298:
4293:
4291:1-85828-636-0
4287:
4283:
4276:
4273:
4268:
4266:1-56159-174-2
4262:
4258:
4251:
4248:
4236:
4232:
4226:
4223:
4218:
4216:0-8153-1865-0
4212:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4193:
4190:
4185:
4183:0-8153-1865-0
4179:
4175:
4171:
4167:
4160:
4157:
4152:
4150:9781906190712
4146:
4142:
4135:
4132:
4127:
4120:
4117:
4105:
4101:
4094:
4091:
4079:
4075:
4068:
4065:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4032:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4016:
4012:
4005:
4003:
4001:
3997:
3992:
3986:
3982:
3975:
3972:
3965:
3962:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3896:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3887:scratch bands
3884:
3878:
3870:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3850:
3844:
3843:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3802:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3761:Caribbean pop
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3752:Chut-kai-pang
3750:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3739:
3737:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3722:
3718:
3713:
3711:
3707:
3700:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3674:, popular in
3673:
3669:
3662:
3660:
3658:
3654:
3651:word meaning
3650:
3646:
3642:
3638:
3637:
3632:
3631:French creole
3628:
3627:
3622:
3621:calypso music
3616:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3600:
3599:topical songs
3596:
3592:
3588:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3575:calypso tents
3572:
3571:
3566:
3565:
3560:
3557:Calypso is a
3554:
3553:Calypso music
3546:
3541:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3489:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3472:, especially
3471:
3467:
3463:
3456:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3408:
3403:
3399:
3398:
3390:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3265:Latin Hip-Hop
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3182:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3133:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3120:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3030:Dub worldbeat
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2945:Digital ragga
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2930:Reggaeton dub
2928:
2926:
2925:Ragga dubstep
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2875:Dancehall ska
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2600:Electro roots
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2585:Digital roots
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2575:Rastafari dub
2573:
2571:
2570:Nyabinghi dub
2568:
2566:
2565:Ska nyabinghi
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2525:Jungle reggae
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2475:Conscious dub
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2435:Reggae praise
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2330:Gospel reggae
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2300:Reggae fusion
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
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2150:Drum and bass
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2040:reggae fusion
2037:
2033:
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2017:
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1814:Cadence rampa
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1630:rock and roll
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1539:Cadence rampa
1535:
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1498:compas direct
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1444:is a form of
1443:
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1408:
1406:
1405:Cadence-lypso
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1363:
1361:Ritmo Kombiná
1360:
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1229:Perico Ripiao
1227:
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1199:
1193:
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1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1167:Cadence-lypso
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1157:Calypso music
1155:
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1051:Punto guajiro
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944:
942:
941:Cuban hip hop
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508:Bashment Soca
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399:and known as
398:
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387:Benna (genre)
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345:
342:religions of
341:
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62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
35:
31:
27:
19:
7531:
7482:
7468:
7454:
7243:Vatican City
7193:Turkmenistan
7093:South Africa
7063:Sierra Leone
7043:Saudi Arabia
6418:Burkina Faso
6237:
6078:Record label
5964:Music school
5824:Concert band
5734:Angular harp
5661:Circus music
5546:Arabic music
5379:Pre-Arawakan
5362:Demographics
5319:
4827:(1500s–1830)
4739:
4725:
4705:
4684:
4661:. Retrieved
4657:the original
4644:
4634:
4622:. Retrieved
4618:the original
4609:
4600:
4588:. Retrieved
4584:
4574:
4549:
4545:
4539:
4518:
4510:
4498:. Retrieved
4494:the original
4489:
4480:
4459:
4451:
4425:. Retrieved
4410:
4403:
4394:
4384:
4372:. Retrieved
4368:
4358:
4346:. Retrieved
4341:Seals, Ray.
4336:
4324:. Retrieved
4317:the original
4312:
4300:
4281:
4275:
4256:
4250:
4238:. Retrieved
4234:
4225:
4202:
4192:
4169:
4159:
4140:
4134:
4119:
4107:. Retrieved
4103:
4093:
4081:. Retrieved
4077:
4067:
4042:
4038:
4014:
4010:
3980:
3974:
3961:
3886:
3880:
3857:Scratch band
3840:
3836:
3757:Chutney-soca
3714:
3704:
3666:
3656:
3652:
3644:
3640:
3634:
3624:
3618:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3568:
3564:calypsonians
3562:
3556:
3522:Baithak Gana
3515:
3502:
3498:
3493:
3484:Chutney-soca
3477:
3460:
3406:
3401:
3395:
3394:
3131:
3049:
3015:World reggae
2855:Metal reggae
2840:Reggae metal
2765:Blues reggae
2750:Reggae blues
2640:Latin reggae
2420:Rude boy ska
2155:Ragga jungle
2095:Roots reggae
2044:
2010:
2001:Spanish rock
1940:
1935:
1931:
1921:
1909:
1905:
1903:
1849:
1846:Haitian rock
1839:
1824:
1817:
1801:Pétion-Ville
1775:of Haitian,
1751:
1741:
1737:
1718:Boukan Ginen
1707:
1705:
1693:
1662:
1657:
1653:
1645:
1637:
1633:
1623:
1610:
1595:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1569:
1567:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1543:
1530:Webert Sicot
1505:
1497:
1495:
1490:
1462:Chutney Soca
1440:
1400:Bouyon gwada
1395:Biguine vidé
1350:
1341:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1315:
1314:
1305:
1304:
1197:
1162:Bouyon music
1139:
1138:Chanté mas (
1137:
697:Son Sabanero
692:Son de Negro
487:Calypso jazz
400:
396:
390:
363:
347:
320:
198:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
177:
113:chutney-soca
89:baithak gana
40:
39:
26:
7583:Puerto Rico
7347:Terminology
7327:Instruments
7133:Switzerland
7103:South Sudan
7098:South Korea
7023:Saint Lucia
6978:Philippines
6923:North Korea
6903:New Zealand
6898:Netherlands
6703:Ivory Coast
6543:El Salvador
6288:Afghanistan
6255:Micronesian
6056:Compilation
5969:Composition
5864:Composition
5829:Disc jockey
5802:Backup band
5729:Arched Harp
5486:Prehistoric
5039:Earthquakes
4663:December 9,
4590:October 13,
4391:"HSG - HSG"
4240:December 3,
4109:October 13,
4083:October 13,
4078:Mento Music
3692:Trinidadian
3653:joyous song
3585:, Jamaica,
3583:the Bahamas
3559:Trinidadian
3407:lang dévivé
3391:Saint Lucia
3270:Latin House
3220:Cha-Cha-Chá
3183:Puerto Rico
3143:Chouval bwa
3035:Dub new age
2985:Trap reggae
2970:Reggae trap
2965:Roots ragga
2905:Afro reggae
2825:Punk reggae
2810:Reggae punk
2795:Rock reggae
2780:Reggae rock
2745:R&B dub
2730:Dub R&B
2715:Hip-hop dub
2700:Dub hip-hop
2675:Funk reggae
2665:Reggae funk
2650:Reggae jazz
2630:Reggae soca
2550:Ska calypso
2500:Electro dub
2495:Ambient dub
2405:Classic ska
2400:Vintage ska
2325:Reggae soul
2320:Reggae rock
2270:Mento blues
2250:Ska revival
2220:Digital dub
2140:Raggamuffin
2105:Lovers rock
2070:Raggamuffin
1917:Tegucigalpa
1908:is varied.
1850:rock kreyòl
1709:mizik rasin
1673:Cap-Haïtien
1638:mizik rasin
1612:Mizik rasin
1607:Mizik rasin
1550:konpa dirèk
1198:soca music
1091:Son Montuno
1026:Nueva trova
811:Praise Hymn
577:Bullerengue
236:Middle East
212:West Europe
208:West Africa
7623:Categories
7233:Uzbekistan
7153:Tajikistan
7058:Seychelles
7038:San Marino
6873:Mozambique
6863:Montenegro
6833:Mauritania
6798:Madagascar
6793:Luxembourg
6748:Kyrgyzstan
6723:Kazakhstan
6528:East Timor
6478:Costa Rica
6443:Cape Verde
6353:Bangladesh
6338:Azerbaijan
6260:Polynesian
6250:Melanesian
6032:Production
6011:Organology
5976:Musicology
5711:Soul music
5666:Folk music
5651:Vernacular
5386:Population
5315:Literature
4904:Hurricanes
4748:1566393388
4734:1138053562
4624:October 1,
4427:29 January
4374:24 January
4348:October 1,
4326:October 1,
4199:"Dominica"
4104:Savage Jaw
3990:1566393388
3966:References
3788:Pichakaree
3764:Gospelypso
3695:Soca music
3636:chantwells
3597:refers to
3305:Merenhouse
3290:Latin Trap
3285:Latin Rock
3275:Latin Jazz
3121:Martinique
2870:Reggae ska
2545:Ska fusion
2540:Ska gospel
2505:Dub techno
2465:Dub reggae
2445:Gospel ska
2315:Reggae pop
2310:Pop reggae
2295:Ska reggae
2265:Mento jazz
2235:2 Tone Ska
2215:Dubtronica
2190:Ragga soca
2130:Dub poetry
2055:Rocksteady
2024:rocksteady
1987:Pop Latino
1967:Matamuerte
1871:Rara music
1856:Kontradans
1840:rap kreyòl
1823:Coumbite (
1785:Son Cubano
1697:Bob Marley
1587:kontradans
1552:or simply
1526:Guadeloupe
1522:Martinique
1450:vaudeville
1383:Guadeloupe
1322:St Maarten
1239:Palo music
1134:Chanté mas
1128:Chanté mas
1021:Mozambique
1011:Latin Jazz
946:Cuban jazz
888:Batá-rumba
687:Son Faroto
527:Punta rock
494:Ragga Soca
374:steelbands
308:Indonesian
260:Hindustani
252:Portuguese
133:pichakaree
61:Indigenous
7368:Album era
7248:Venezuela
7113:Sri Lanka
7068:Singapore
6953:Palestine
6908:Nicaragua
6838:Mauritius
6788:Lithuania
6673:Indonesia
6628:Guatemala
6328:Australia
6318:Argentina
6238:Caribbean
6192:Southeast
5917:and study
5915:Education
5905:Technique
5786:Ensembles
5696:Pop music
5528:Art music
5506:Religious
5391:Religions
5374:Languages
5305:Carnivals
5220:Companies
5159:CARIFORUM
5139:Democracy
5074:Mountains
5064:Cetaceans
5034:Bioregion
4935:Geography
4796:Caribbean
4653:1543-0855
4437:cite book
3909:Chachachá
3883:St. Croix
3803:Venezuela
3778:Pan music
3672:Caribbean
3479:chantwell
3474:Carriacou
3440:Dancehall
3325:Reggaeton
3280:Latin Pop
3230:Dancehall
3225:Classical
3190:Aguinaldo
3168:Quadrille
3163:Mini-jazz
3025:World dub
2920:Dub ragga
2865:Metal dub
2850:Dub metal
2775:Blues dub
2760:Dub blues
2555:Ska mento
2515:Dub roots
2285:Ska blues
2255:Roots ska
2210:Raggacore
2200:Roots dub
2185:Reggaeton
2170:Rub-a-Dub
2090:Nyabinghi
2080:Dancehall
2036:dancehall
2032:dub music
1947:Reggaeton
1876:Rara tech
1861:Mini-jazz
1781:Caribbean
1769:accordion
1753:Twoubadou
1748:Twoubadou
1596:mouringue
1489:Compas /
1467:Dancehall
1425:Mini-jazz
1390:Balakadri
1357:Latin Rap
1279:Trapchata
1269:Mangulina
1219:Latin Rap
1187:Quadrille
1182:Mini-jazz
1172:Jing-Ping
986:Guaguanco
961:Danzonete
906:Chachachá
816:Quadrille
796:Dancehall
756:Abambucao
723:Vallenato
677:Reggaeton
667:Perillero
657:Parrandín
647:Merecumbé
622:Guacherna
550:Dancehall
491:Iron Band
421:Pan music
417:Iron Band
228:Indonesia
153:reggaeton
125:jing ping
121:dancehall
7489:Category
7302:Timeline
7273:Zimbabwe
7163:Thailand
7158:Tanzania
7123:Suriname
7078:Slovenia
7073:Slovakia
6988:Portugal
6968:Paraguay
6943:Pakistan
6858:Mongolia
6813:Maldives
6808:Malaysia
6733:Kiribati
6653:Honduras
6568:Ethiopia
6563:Eswatini
6518:Dominica
6513:Djibouti
6468:Colombia
6433:Cameroon
6428:Cambodia
6413:Bulgaria
6398:Botswana
6358:Barbados
6245:Oceanian
6199:European
6155:Southern
6088:Sampling
5885:Notation
5819:Big band
5781:Musician
5511:Biblical
5423:Category
5347:Stadiums
5195:Airports
5190:Airlines
5127:Politics
5027:By topic
4954:Antilles
4870:By topic
4813:Timeline
3929:Guaracha
3891:boycotts
3862:Bamboula
3821:Tambores
3814:Merengue
3747:Afrosoca
3688:Suriname
3680:Trinidad
3579:Carnival
3490:Suriname
3462:Big Drum
3379:Steelpan
3364:Big Drum
3300:Merengue
3250:Guaracha
3210:Boogaloo
3115:Workings
3055:Bruckins
2995:Trap dub
2980:Dub trap
2915:Afro dub
2900:Afro ska
2835:Punk dub
2820:Dub punk
2805:Rock dub
2790:Dub rock
2685:Funk dub
2660:Dub jazz
2635:Dub soca
2535:Ska funk
2530:Ska soul
2510:Dub funk
2480:Deep dub
2260:Ska rock
2230:Ska punk
2225:Ska jazz
2125:Steppers
1977:Merengue
1932:La ceiba
1900:Honduras
1765:beat box
1757:acoustic
1701:peasants
1665:Duvalier
1564:Méringue
1518:Antilles
1502:méringue
1254:Carabiné
1234:Pambiche
1224:Merengue
1123:Dominica
1081:Son-batá
1036:Pachanga
1006:Habanera
996:Guaracha
971:Descarga
931:Comparsa
926:Columbia
916:Charanga
896:Boogaloo
826:Schottis
766:Piqueria
739:Merengue
662:Paseaito
627:Guaracha
612:Garabato
607:Fandango
582:Champeta
573:Berroche
567:Colombia
540:Brukdown
462:Barbados
445:Junkanoo
370:steelpan
346:and the
344:Trinidad
340:Shouters
312:Javanese
234:and the
77:merengue
49:European
7573:Jamaica
7548:Bermuda
7543:Bahamas
7398:Warfare
7297:Outline
7253:Vietnam
7238:Vanuatu
7228:Uruguay
7208:Ukraine
7183:Tunisia
7088:Somalia
7048:Senegal
7003:Romania
6918:Nigeria
6883:Namibia
6878:Myanmar
6868:Morocco
6848:Moldova
6773:Liberia
6768:Lesotho
6763:Lebanon
6708:Jamaica
6688:Ireland
6663:Iceland
6658:Hungary
6623:Grenada
6608:Germany
6603:Georgia
6583:Finland
6558:Estonia
6553:Eritrea
6533:Ecuador
6508:Denmark
6483:Croatia
6473:Comoros
6423:Burundi
6388:Bolivia
6368:Belgium
6363:Belarus
6348:Bahrain
6343:Bahamas
6333:Austria
6323:Armenia
6303:Andorra
6298:Algeria
6293:Albania
6172:Central
6140:Central
6135:African
5518:Secular
5501:Martial
5491:Ancient
5414:Outline
5310:Cuisine
5278:Culture
5264:Tourism
5252:in Cuba
5225:Fishing
5178:Economy
5059:Mammals
5053:by area
5049:Islands
4947:Regions
4914:Malaria
4805:History
4207:840–844
4174:798–800
3939:Marimba
3919:Criolla
3846:events.
3797:Yahdees
3721:cadence
3717:calypso
3684:Jamaica
3668:Chutney
3663:Chutney
3645:carieto
3603:calypso
3589:or the
3587:Bermuda
3547:Calypso
3507:skratji
3420:Extempo
3415:Calypso
3369:Calypso
3195:Bachata
3153:Jump up
3148:Hip hop
3138:Biguine
3132:Bel Air
3095:Revival
3065:Calypso
2880:Dub ska
2560:Singjay
2240:Skacore
2205:Dubwise
2195:Dubstep
2165:Rockers
2012:Jamaica
2007:Jamaica
1982:Hip Hop
1962:Bachata
1928:marimba
1894:Bachata
1866:Rabòday
1825:kombite
1773:ballads
1742:kanaval
1582:calenda
1472:Calypso
1457:Chutney
1415:Hip hop
1310:Bonaire
1284:Zarambo
1249:Zapateo
1209:Bachata
991:Guajira
951:Cubatón
936:Criolla
911:Changui
781:Mazurka
776:Foxtrot
771:Calipso
749:Tambora
713:Terapia
707:Tambora
637:Lumbalú
602:Cumbión
592:Chalupa
560:Bachata
440:Goombay
433:Bahamas
413:Extempo
366:calypso
328:calypso
284:Yiddish
276:Chinese
256:English
248:Spanish
175:music.
109:chutney
101:calypso
73:bachata
45:African
7307:Albums
7268:Zambia
7203:Uganda
7198:Tuvalu
7188:Turkey
7148:Taiwan
7128:Sweden
7053:Serbia
7013:Rwanda
7008:Russia
6983:Poland
6958:Panama
6933:Norway
6853:Monaco
6843:Mexico
6803:Malawi
6758:Latvia
6743:Kuwait
6738:Kosovo
6718:Jordan
6693:Israel
6643:Guyana
6633:Guinea
6618:Greece
6598:Gambia
6588:France
6493:Cyprus
6438:Canada
6408:Brunei
6403:Brazil
6383:Bhutan
6373:Belize
6308:Angola
6279:
6209:Nordic
6204:Balkan
6039:Single
5944:Method
5895:Lyrics
5859:Theory
5428:Portal
5325:Poetry
5230:Hotels
5215:Citrus
5094:Ultras
5084:Rivers
4897:Arawak
4825:Piracy
4746:
4732:
4693:
4651:
4566:779483
4564:
4527:
4468:
4418:
4288:
4263:
4213:
4180:
4147:
4059:924610
4057:
4031:924286
4029:
3987:
3957:Cumbia
3953:Troval
3924:Danzón
3904:Bolero
3877:Quelbe
3871:Quelbe
3842:quelbe
3837:Careso
3831:Careso
3783:Parang
3734:Kassav
3676:Guyana
3657:careso
3641:Cariso
3626:picong
3615:Cariso
3609:Cariso
3595:caliso
3570:picong
3535:Kawina
3499:Kaseko
3495:Kaseko
3450:Reggae
3315:Reggae
3255:Jíbaro
3245:Dembow
3240:Décima
3205:Bolero
3200:Balada
3158:Kadans
3105:Gerreh
3100:Set-Up
3080:Maroon
3075:Kumina
3070:Dembow
2160:UK Dub
2145:Jungle
2120:Dembow
2060:Reggae
2028:reggae
1992:Cumbia
1924:guitar
1818:kadans
1777:French
1761:guitar
1726:reggae
1716:, and
1683:, and
1658:racine
1650:French
1592:creole
1574:creole
1570:mereng
1546:Creole
1510:creole
1506:mereng
1442:Shanto
1437:Guyana
1420:Kadans
1410:Gwo ka
1317:Quimbe
1214:Bolero
1177:Kadans
1046:Pregón
966:Dengue
956:Danzón
901:Bolero
874:Bakosó
869:Areito
841:isleño
821:Reggae
791:ModeUp
642:Mapalé
597:Cumbia
587:Chandé
555:Cumbia
545:Reggae
532:Chumba
515:Belize
498:Reggae
479:Spouge
397:bennah
349:Kumina
336:Shango
304:French
288:Yoruba
280:Hebrew
272:Arabic
268:Telugu
220:Taiwan
149:dembow
145:reggae
129:parang
117:compas
93:bouyon
7568:Haiti
7342:Songs
7292:Index
7285:Lists
7263:Yemen
7173:Tonga
7138:Syria
7118:Sudan
7108:Spain
7033:Samoa
6993:Qatar
6948:Palau
6913:Niger
6893:Nepal
6888:Nauru
6823:Malta
6778:Libya
6728:Kenya
6713:Japan
6698:Italy
6668:India
6648:Haiti
6613:Ghana
6593:Gabon
6538:Egypt
6463:China
6458:Chile
6378:Benin
6187:South
6167:Asian
6150:North
6113:Remix
6108:Cover
6066:Remix
5880:Genre
5749:Nafir
5671:Blues
5653:music
5496:Dance
5470:Music
5335:Sport
5320:Music
5247:Sugar
5089:Trees
4892:Taíno
4647:(3).
4562:JSTOR
4320:(PDF)
4309:(PDF)
4055:JSTOR
4027:JSTOR
3944:Salsa
3934:Mambo
3914:Conga
3851:Other
3818:Gaita
3793:Rapso
3773:Kaiso
3740:Other
3732:band
3649:Carib
3531:Aleke
3402:débòt
3330:Salsa
3310:Plena
3295:Mambo
3235:Danza
3215:Bomba
3110:Tambo
3090:Nagos
3085:Mento
3060:Burru
2100:Ragga
2085:Mento
2065:Ragga
2016:mento
1997:Salsa
1936:Candú
1911:Punta
1807:Other
1787:from
1689:konpa
1681:disco
1654:rasin
1634:Vodou
1625:Vodou
1616:Haïti
1601:konpa
1578:chica
1558:kompa
1554:konpa
1491:kompa
1478:Haiti
1376:Zumbi
1365:Tambú
1342:tumba
1338:tumba
1333:Tumba
1326:ponum
1264:Salsa
1244:Tumba
1116:Yambú
1101:Trova
1096:Timba
1086:Songo
1071:Salsa
1066:Rumba
1041:Pilón
1016:Mambo
976:Filín
921:Conga
892:Bembe
830:Socca
806:Polka
786:Mento
729:Paseo
718:Zafra
682:Salsa
672:Porro
652:Millo
632:Jalao
522:Punta
483:Fling
401:ditti
381:Benna
332:mento
324:mento
316:Dutch
264:Tamil
224:China
216:India
157:salsa
141:ragga
137:punta
85:mambo
57:Asian
7558:Cuba
7435:Folk
7168:Togo
6973:Peru
6938:Oman
6818:Mali
6753:Laos
6683:Iraq
6678:Iran
6578:Fiji
6488:Cuba
6453:Chad
6177:East
6160:West
6145:East
6061:Live
5900:Song
5875:Form
5691:Jazz
5295:Beer
4744:ISBN
4730:ISBN
4691:ISBN
4665:2006
4649:ISSN
4626:2006
4592:2006
4525:ISBN
4502:2005
4466:ISBN
4443:link
4429:2014
4416:ISBN
4376:2015
4350:2006
4328:2006
4286:ISBN
4261:ISBN
4242:2005
4211:ISBN
4178:ISBN
4145:ISBN
4111:2006
4085:2006
4035:and
3985:ISBN
3726:zouk
3706:Soca
3701:Soca
3686:and
3647:, a
3435:Zouk
3430:Soca
3425:Kont
3374:Soca
3345:Seis
3173:Zouk
3128:Bèlè
1952:Rock
1934:and
1904:The
1886:Zouk
1789:Cuba
1767:and
1738:rara
1734:funk
1732:and
1730:rock
1620:1987
1580:and
1532:and
1524:and
1430:Zouk
1372:Wals
1306:Bari
1192:Zouk
1152:Bélé
1061:Rock
1031:Paca
981:Folk
883:yuka
881:and
879:Batá
859:Abwe
852:Cuba
845:Zouk
839:Vals
744:Puya
536:Fedu
503:Soca
469:Folk
426:Soca
368:and
338:and
314:and
242:and
232:Java
214:and
171:and
165:zouk
163:and
161:soca
105:soca
81:palo
59:and
53:Arab
5939:PhD
5290:Art
4554:doi
4395:HSG
4047:doi
4019:doi
3949:Son
3577:at
3445:Dub
3397:Jwé
3350:Son
2075:Dub
2050:Ska
2020:ska
1779:or
1722:RAM
1656:or
1648:in
1644:or
1618:in
1590:in
1572:in
1544:In
1508:in
1369:Seú
1274:Son
1111:UPA
1076:Son
834:Ska
734:Son
474:Tuk
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4673:^
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2030:,
2026:,
2022:,
2018:,
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270:,
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262:,
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127:,
123:,
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