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608:: the piece is binary on the lower compositional level but ternary on the higher. Organisational levels are not clearly and universally defined in western musicology, while words like "section" and "passage" are used at different levels by different scholars whose definitions, as Schlanker points out, cannot keep pace with the myriad innovations and variations devised by musicians.
36:
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561:, like many dances, requires a certain rhythm, pace and length of melody to fit its repeating pattern of steps. Simpler styles of music may be more or less wholly defined at this level of form, which therefore does not differ greatly from the loose sense first mentioned and which may carry with it rhythmic, harmonic, timbral, occasional and melodic conventions.
77:
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may organize song and dance into even larger forms. The symphony, generally considered to be one piece, nevertheless divides into multiple movements (which can usually work as a self-contained piece if played alone). This level of musical form, though it again applies and gives rise to different
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The sonata form is "the most important principle of musical form, or formal type from the classical period well into the twentieth century." It is usually used as the form of the first movement in multi-movement works. So, it is also called "first-movement form" or "sonata-allegro form" (because
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having a definite rhythm and duration that may be implied in melody and harmony, defined, for example, by a long final note and a breathing space. This "phrase" may be regarded as the fundamental unit of musical form: it may be broken down into measures of two or three beats, but its distinctive
817:. There are both simple and compound ternary forms. Da capo arias are usually in simple ternary form (i.e. "from the head"). A compound ternary form (or trio form) similarly involves an ABA pattern, but each section is itself either in binary (two sub-sections which may be repeated) or (simple)
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nature will then be lost. Even at this level, the importance of the principles of repetition and contrast, weak and strong, climax and repose, can be seen. Thus, form may be understood on three levels of organization. For the purpose of this exposition, these levels can be roughly designated as
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is the first required section. It lays out the thematic material in its basic version. There are usually two themes or theme groups in the exposition, and they are often in contrasting styles and keys and connected by a transition. In the end of the exposition, there is a closing theme which
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Some forms are used predominantly within popular music, including genre-specific forms. Popular music forms are often derived from strophic form (AAA song form), 32-bar form (AABA song form), verse-chorus form (AB song form) and 12-bar blues form (AAB song form).
787:(A prime) because of the slight difference in the last measure and a half. The next two systems (3rd and 4th) are almost identical as well, but a new musical idea entirely than the first two systems. We call the third system
589:, then this gives rise to a simple binary form. If the theme is played (perhaps twice), then a new theme is introduced, the piece then closing with a return to the first theme, we have a simple ternary form.
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Strophic form – also called verse-repeating form, chorus form, AAA song form, or one-part song form – is a song structure in which all verses or stanzas of the text are sung to the same music
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in 1907 wrote that, "I am more and more convinced that music is not, in essence, a thing that can be cast into a traditional and fixed form. It is made up of colors and rhythms."
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Great arguments and misunderstanding can be generated by such terms as 'ternary' and 'binary', as a complex piece may have elements of both at different organizational levels. A
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843:). A recurring section, especially the main theme, is sometimes more thoroughly varied, or else one episode may be a "development" of it. A similar arrangement is the
620:". It concerns the arrangement of several self-contained pieces into a large-scale composition. For example, a set of songs with a related theme may be presented as a
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refers to the larger shape of the composition. Form in music is the result of the interaction of the four structural elements," of sound, harmony, melody, and rhythm.
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differ in scale and aim, yet generally resemble one another in the manner of their organization. The individual pieces which make up the larger form may be called
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359:, which express a musical idea but lack sufficient weight to stand alone. Musical form unfolds over time through the expansion and development of these ideas. In
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Scholes suggested that
European classical music had only six stand-alone forms: simple binary, simple ternary, compound binary, rondo, air with variations, and
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or movement. If the hymn, ballad, blues or dance alluded to above simply repeats the same musical material indefinitely then the piece is said to be in
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suggests that a number of organizational elements may determine the formal structure of a piece of music, such as "the arrangement of musical units of
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Ternary form is a three-part musical form in which the third part repeats or at least contains the principal idea of the first part, represented as
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overall. If it repeats with distinct, sustained changes each time, for instance in setting, ornamentation or instrumentation, then the piece is a
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refers to the largest shape of the composition. Form in music is the result of the interaction of the four structural elements described above ."
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Extended form are forms that have their root in one of the forms above, however, they have been extended with additional sections. For example:
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The term "Binary Form" is used to describe a musical piece with two sections that are about equal in length. Binary Form can be written as
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To aid in the process of describing form, musicians have developed a simple system of labeling musical units with letters. In his textbook
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Saewitz, Scott, "WEBERN’S LABYRINTH: CONTOUR AND CANONIC INTERACTION– An
Analysis of Webern’s Op. 16, No. 2" (2017). CUNY Academic Works.
343:", among other factors. It is, "the ways in which a composition is shaped to create a meaningful musical experience for the listener."
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This form has a recurring theme alternating with different (usually contrasting) sections called "episodes". It may be asymmetrical (
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This form is built from a sequence of clear-cut units that may be referred to by letters but also often have generic names such as
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and so on. If the first or any other musical unit returns in varied form, then that variation is indicated by a superscript number—
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795:(B prime) because of the slight difference in the last measure and a half. As a whole, this piece of music is in Binary Form:
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form is the extreme opposite, that of "unrelieved variation": it is simply an indefinite sequence of self-contained sections (
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emphasized that the fugue is primarily a method of composition that has sometimes taken on certain structural conventions).
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Schmalfeldt, Janet. 1991. "Towards a
Reconciliation of Schenkerian Concepts with Traditional and Recent Theories of Form",
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600:), however, this was frequently extended by the introduction of another minuet arranged for solo instruments (called the
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In 2017, Scott
Saewitz brought attention to this concept by highlighting the occurrence in Anton Webern's Op.16 No.2.
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Although, it has been recently stated that form can be present under the influence of musical contour, also known as
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Study Guide for
Musical Form: A Complete Outline of Standardized Formal Categories and Concepts by Robert T. Kelley
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Beach, David. 1993. "Schubert's
Experiments with Sonata Form: Formal-Tonal Design versus Underlying Structure",
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Smith, Charles J. 1996. "Musical Form and
Fundamental Structure: An Investigation of Schenker's Formenlehre".
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In the
Process of Becoming: Analytic and Philosophical Perspectives on Form in Early Nineteenth-Century Music
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took shape in the second half of the 16th century as a narrative recounted—rather than acted—by the singers.
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Compositions that do not follow a fixed structure and rely more on improvisation are considered
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Cadwallader, Allen. 1990. "Form and Tonal
Process. The Design of Different Structural Levels".
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Charles Keil classified forms and formal detail as "sectional, developmental, or variational."
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The smallest level of construction concerns the way musical phrases are organized into musical
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provided, the first system is almost identical to the second system. We call the first system
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Also called Hybrid song forms. Compound song forms blend together two or more song forms.
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over and around which the rest of the structure unfolds, often, but not always, spinning
1721:
Laskowski, Larry. 1990. "J.S. Bach's 'Binary' Dance
Movements: Form and Voice-Leading",
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emerged, which is a set of related songs (as the suite is a set of related dances). The
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genres, takes more account of the methods of musical organisation used. For example: a
604:), after which the first was repeated again and the piece ended—this is a ternary form—
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Wennerstrom, Mary (1975). "Form in Twentieth Century Music". In Wittlich, Gary (ed.).
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for example. Subdivisions of each large musical unit are shown by lowercase letters (
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859:) resembles a symmetrical rondo without intermediate repetitions of the main theme.
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959:) is typically cast in a greater ternary form, having the nominal subdivisions of
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Variational forms are those in which variation is an important formative element.
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or theme groups which are taken asunder and recombined to form the "B" part (the
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1949:
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Hooper, Jason. 2011. "Heinrich Schenker's Early Conception of Form, 1895-1914".
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Morphopoiesis: A General Procedure for Structuring Form by Panayiotis Kokoras
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Smith, Peter. 1994. "Brahms and Schenker: A Mutual Response to Sonata Form",
1698:, edited by Simon Frith and Andrew Goodwin, 315–19. New York: Pantheon, 1990.
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1251:. Cooley, Timothy J. (5th ed.). Belmont, CA: Schirmer Cengage Learning.
17:
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Keil, Charles. 1987. "Participatory Discrepancies and the Power of Music".
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The next level concerns the entire structure of any single self-contained
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Chester, Andrew. 1970. "Second Thoughts on a Rock Aesthetic: The Band".
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Musical Form, Forms, and Formenlehre: Three Methodological Reflections
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These organizational elements may be broken into smaller units called
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2004:
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in a jazz or bluegrass performance), or the way a symphonic piece is
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1332:. Hutcheson, Jere. Long Grove, Illinois: Waveland Press. pp. .
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Worlds of Music: An Introduction to the Music of the World's Peoples
1427:(7th ed.). Boston, MA: Schirmer/Cengage Learning. p. 44.
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After the development section, there is a returning section called
596:, like any Baroque dance, generally had a simple binary structure (
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The founding level of musical form can be divided into two parts:
457:") to denote sections that are closely related, but vary slightly.
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of a song. This may be compared to, and is often decided by, the
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usually the most common first movements are in allegro tempo).
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is found in many hymns and ballads and, again, the Elizabethan
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or in the alternating slow and fast sections of the Hungarian
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The further organization of such a measure, by repetition and
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109:
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29:
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Tonal Harmony with an Introduction to Twentieth-Century Music
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section in which the material in the exposition is developed.
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of unaccompanied or accompanied solo instrumental music. The
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Webster, James. 2009. "Formenlehre in Theory and Practice",
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Each section of sonata form movement has its own function:
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deal primarily with Western culture and do not represent a
1716:, A. Cadwallader ed. New York, etc.: Schirmer Books: 1-21.
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The grandest level of organization may be referred to as "
335:, the arrangement of the instruments (as in the order of
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1839:
A Practical Guide to Musical Composition by Alan Belkin
134:
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where the thematic material returns in the tonic key.
1477:(New and Revised ed.). London: Joseph Williams.
1330:
Musical Form and Analysis: Time, Pattern, Proportion
975:, respectively) may be subdivided into two or three
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The first statement of a musical idea is designated
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Evolution of timpani in the 18th and 19th centuries
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1373:Taruskin, Richard (2009). "'Songs' Without Words".
203:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1504:
921:. This is said by Scholes (1977) to be the form
1822:Lessons in Music Form by Percy Goetschius, 1904
1536:. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
546:or meter of the words or the steps of a dance.
415:
345:
1770:, Th. Christensen ed. Cambridge: CUP: 880-906.
2170:
1864:
1694:1, no. 62 (July–August): 78–79. Reprinted in
1362:http://academicworks.cuny.edu/hc_sas_etds/159
441:Some writers also use a prime label (such as
123:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
1669:"A Guide To Song Forms – Song Form Overview"
1663:
1661:
1659:
1574:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1455:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
763:"Greensleeves" as an example of Binary Form.
421:Subsequent contrasting sections are labeled
1619:The Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1025:At the end of the movement, there may be a
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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1696:On Record: Rock, Pop, and the Written Word
1603:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1306:Benward, Bruce and Saker, Marilyn (2003).
1282:Kostka, Stefan and Payne, Dorothy (1995).
967:. Usually, but not always, the "A" parts (
2814:Music technology (electronic and digital)
1768:Cambridge History of Western Music Theory
1302:
1300:
1278:
1276:
281:Learn how and when to remove this message
263:Learn how and when to remove this message
161:Learn how and when to remove this message
363:, form is articulated primarily through
1560:Kostka, Payne, Stefan, Dorothy (2009).
1239:
1216:
1725:, H. Siegel ed. Cambridge: CUP: 84-93.
1596:
1567:
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2352:Vietnam imperial court music—Nhã nhạc
1564:. New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 335.
1555:
1553:
1070:ABAC a.k.a. Verse/Chorus/Verse/Bridge
929:is often found with sections varied (
7:
1808:Rivista di Analisi e Teoria Musicale
1797:, New York: Oxford University Press.
1779:, P. Bergé ed. Leuven: LUP: 123-139.
1308:Music in Theory and Practice, Vol. 1
201:adding citations to reliable sources
1036:Forms used in Western popular music
617:
4028:Classical and art music traditions
2460:History of lute-family instruments
2277:Cambodian ceremonial music—Pinpeat
1534:Aspects of Twentieth-Century Music
1011:The exposition is followed by the
25:
1621:. Oxford University Press. 2004.
45:This article has multiple issues.
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4199:
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3744:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
3219:Democratic Republic of the Congo
2819:Sound recording and reproduction
2272:Burmese classical music—Mahāgīta
2143:
1802:Cecchi, Alessandro (ed.). 2015.
1003:Following the introduction, the
553:is a specific verse form, while
393:is an example of this. Composer
177:
114:
75:
34:
4048:Jazz and popular music glossary
1511:. University of Chicago Press.
1375:Oxford History of Western Music
188:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
3289:Federated States of Micronesia
1766:Burnham, Scott. 2001. "Form",
1714:Trends in Schenkerian Research
1405:, Vol. 2, p.266. McGraw-Hill.
1163:Ad Lib (Often in CODA / Outro)
1125:Section names in popular music
1062:ABC a.k.a. Verse/Chorus/Bridge
1042:Song structure (popular music)
741:...), sometimes with repeats (
692:, exposition, development and
1:
2332:Philippine art songs—Kundiman
2252:Afghan classical music—Klasik
1195:List of musical genres by era
983:)—thus, e.g. (AabBAab+coda).
661:Common forms in Western music
538:and "paragraphs" such as the
299:refers to the structure of a
27:Structure of a piece of music
4193:Record production portal
4038:Cultural and regional genres
2297:Indonesian art music—Gamelan
1403:Music in Theory and Practice
1401:Benward & Saker (2009).
1056:AABA a.k.a. American Popular
2809:Music technology (electric)
2347:Thai classical music—Piphat
2302:Japanese court music—Gagaku
1031:, after the recapitulation.
898:—a repeating bass theme or
704:. Sectional forms include:
137:, discuss the issue on the
84:It has been suggested that
4243:
2455:History of the harpsichord
2342:Kandyan dance of Sri Lanka
1793:Schmalfeldt, Janet. 2011.
1707:2, No. 3 (August): 275–83.
1423:M., Wright, Craig (2014).
1039:
951:Sonata-allegro form (also
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2282:Chinese traditional music
2141:
1890:
1646:"The Sonata Allegro Form"
1492:. W.W.Norton and Co. Inc.
1247:Titon, Jeff Todd (2009).
1154:Solo / Instrumental Break
1139:Pre-chorus / Rise / Climb
1130:Introduction a.k.a. Intro
101:Proposed since July 2024.
3164:Central African Republic
2707:Computational musicology
2257:Andalusi classical music
1650:Lumen Music Appreciation
1172:In the 13th century the
913:threads, or improvising
4053:Music genres and styles
2357:Western classical music
2327:Persian classical music
1589:Ebenezer Prout (1893).
1379:Oxford University Press
1059:AB a.k.a. Verse/Chorus
961:exposition, development
775:. Using the example of
669:(although musicologist
469:The arrangement of the
4033:Classical music genres
3109:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2650:Doctor of Musical Arts
2475:History of the trumpet
2287:Indian classical music
1804:Schenker's Formenlehre
1503:Keil, Charles (1966).
1328:Spring, Glenn (1995).
1286:, p.152. McGraw-Hill.
1008:concludes the section.
791:and the fourth system
783:and the second system
764:
722:Medley or "chain" form
508:, into a true musical
461:Levels of organization
439:
353:
3859:São Tomé and Príncipe
3734:Saint Kitts and Nevis
3714:Republic of the Congo
2480:History of the violin
1750:Music Theory Spectrum
1741:Music Theory Spectrum
1705:Cultural Anthropology
1488:Mann, Alfred (1958).
1310:, p.87. McGraw-Hill.
1040:Further information:
762:
493:, may give rise to a
3929:United Arab Emirates
2702:Cognitive musicology
1955:Developing variation
1190:Developing variation
878:Theme and Variations
847:form of the Baroque
628:were presented as a
579:theme and variations
197:improve this article
143:create a new article
135:improve this article
94:into this article. (
4079:Aesthetics of music
3894:Trinidad and Tobago
3029:Antigua and Barbuda
2513:Band (rock and pop)
2437:Musical instruments
2312:Lao classical music
2115:Thirty-two-bar form
1980:Formula composition
1786:Theory and Practice
1692:The New Left Review
1675:. 19 February 2014.
1471:Macpherson, Stewart
957:first movement form
941:Sonata-allegro form
696:, verse, chorus or
624:, whereas a set of
565:Piece (or movement)
301:musical composition
4141:Musical instrument
4109:Music and politics
3239:Dominican Republic
2987:By sovereign state
2307:Korean court music
2267:Azerbaijani Mugham
1832:2019-01-11 at the
1490:The Study of Fugue
1425:Listening to music
894:, was that of the
839:) or symmetrical (
765:
407:Listening to Music
4214:
4213:
4099:Music and fashion
4094:Music and emotion
3996:
3995:
3264:Equatorial Guinea
2760:A-side and B-side
2665:Music archaeology
2640:Bachelor of Music
2488:
2487:
2422:Psychedelic music
2417:Progressive music
2337:Scottish Ceòl Mór
2152:
2151:
2135:Verse–chorus form
2090:Sonata rondo form
1925:Call and response
1905:Ausmultiplikation
1411:978-0-07-310188-0
1079:Blues Song forms
1000:at the beginning.
869:Variation (music)
549:For example, the
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171:
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145:, as appropriate.
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16:(Redirected from
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4189:
4179:Music portal
4177:
4176:
4175:
4131:Music technology
4119:Environmentalism
4072:Related articles
3679:Papua New Guinea
3544:Marshall Islands
2991:
2937:Central American
2675:Music psychology
2560:Backing vocalist
2397:Electronic music
2240:
2194:History of music
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2120:Through-composed
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1473:(1930). "Form".
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1084:Twelve-bar blues
1075:Through-composed
863:Variational form
551:twelve bar blues
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4089:Fictional music
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3644:North Macedonia
2996:
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2844:
2842:regional genres
2841:
2833:
2799:Record producer
2743:
2732:Sociomusicology
2717:Ethnomusicology
2645:Master of Music
2625:
2584:
2566:
2523:All-female band
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2317:Mandé art music
2292:Byzantine music
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1834:Wayback Machine
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994:It may have an
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380:Contouric Form.
367:, phrases, and
313:Jeff Todd Titon
309:Worlds of Music
307:. In his book,
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2840:Cultural and
2836:
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2827:
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2797:
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2775:
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2770:
2769:
2768:
2767:Extended play
2765:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2738:
2737:Zoomusicology
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2712:Ecomusicology
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2697:Biomusicology
2695:
2694:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2670:Music history
2668:
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2638:
2637:
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2628:
2622:
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2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2606:Improvisation
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2555:Lead vocalist
2553:
2552:
2551:
2550:Military band
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
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2536:
2533:
2529:
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2434:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2402:Hip hop music
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2392:Country music
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2364:
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2343:
2340:
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2328:
2325:
2323:
2322:Ottoman music
2320:
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2199:
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2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
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2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2100:Strophic form
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
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2048:
2046:
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2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
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1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
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1926:
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1918:
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1892:
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1796:
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1773:
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1764:
1760:
1755:
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1701:
1697:
1693:
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1611:
1606:
1600:
1592:
1585:
1582:
1577:
1571:
1563:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1543:0-13-049346-5
1539:
1535:
1528:
1525:
1520:
1518:0-226-42960-1
1514:
1509:
1508:
1499:
1496:
1491:
1484:
1481:
1476:
1475:Form in Music
1472:
1466:
1463:
1458:
1452:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1434:9781133954729
1430:
1426:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1398:
1395:
1390:
1388:9780199813698
1384:
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1363:
1357:
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1349:
1345:
1341:
1335:
1331:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1316:0-07-294262-2
1313:
1309:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1292:0-07-035874-5
1289:
1285:
1284:Tonal Harmony
1279:
1277:
1273:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1254:
1250:
1243:
1240:
1233:
1226:
1225:Meter (music)
1220:
1217:
1210:
1206:
1205:Program music
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1167:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
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1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1124:
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1111:
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1060:
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1054:
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1030:
1029:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
999:
998:
993:
992:
991:
988:
984:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
948:
940:
938:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
903:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
879:
874:
870:
862:
860:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
832:
824:
822:
820:
816:
810:
802:
800:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
761:
756:
748:
746:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
721:
719:
715:
714:Strophic form
708:Strophic form
707:
705:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
679:
677:
674:
672:
668:
660:
658:
656:
652:
648:
644:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
618:cyclical form
611:
609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
590:
588:
584:
580:
576:
575:strophic form
572:
571:musical piece
564:
562:
560:
556:
552:
547:
545:
541:
537:
529:
524:
520:
516:
511:
507:
503:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
477:and accented
476:
472:
468:
467:
466:
460:
458:
456:
452:
448:
444:
438:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
414:
412:
408:
400:
398:
396:
392:
388:
383:
381:
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
361:tonal harmony
358:
352:
350:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
297:
285:
282:
267:
264:
256:
245:
242:
238:
235:
231:
228:
224:
221:
217:
214: –
213:
209:
208:Find sources:
202:
198:
192:
191:
186:This article
184:
180:
175:
174:
165:
162:
154:
144:
140:
136:
130:
128:
121:
112:
111:
102:
97:
93:
89:
88:
82:
73:
72:
67:
65:
58:
57:
52:
51:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
18:Musical forms
4227:Musical form
4198:
4184:
4170:
3959:Vatican City
3909:Turkmenistan
3809:South Africa
3779:Sierra Leone
3759:Saudi Arabia
3134:Burkina Faso
2794:Record label
2680:Music school
2590:
2540:Concert band
2450:Angular harp
2377:Circus music
2262:Arabic music
2105:Ternary form
1990:Introduction
1880:Musical form
1879:
1807:
1803:
1794:
1785:
1776:
1767:
1761:15: 191-297.
1758:
1749:
1740:
1734:10: 233-287.
1731:
1722:
1713:
1704:
1695:
1691:
1672:
1649:
1618:
1613:
1591:Musical form
1590:
1584:
1561:
1533:
1527:
1506:
1498:
1489:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1424:
1418:
1402:
1397:
1374:
1368:
1356:
1329:
1323:
1307:
1283:
1248:
1242:
1219:
1171:
1160:CODA / Outro
1151:Middle-Eight
1120:
1104:
1096:
1091:16-Bar Blues
1073:ABCD a.k.a.
1045:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1004:
997:introduction
995:
989:
985:
964:
960:
956:
952:
950:
934:
930:
922:
911:contrapuntal
899:
876:
875:
872:
856:
840:
836:
834:
819:ternary form
814:
812:
809:Ternary form
803:Ternary form
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
777:Greensleeves
772:
768:
766:
742:
738:
734:
725:
717:
686:introduction
683:
675:
664:
615:
605:
601:
597:
591:
568:
555:common meter
548:
533:
522:
518:
514:
509:
464:
454:
450:
446:
442:
440:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
416:
411:Craig Wright
409:, professor
406:
404:
386:
384:
379:
377:
372:
356:
354:
348:
346:
341:orchestrated
308:
295:
294:
292:
277:
259:
250:
240:
233:
226:
219:
207:
195:Please help
190:verification
187:
157:
148:
124:
100:
85:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
4063:Terminology
4043:Instruments
3849:Switzerland
3819:South Sudan
3814:South Korea
3739:Saint Lucia
3694:Philippines
3639:North Korea
3619:New Zealand
3614:Netherlands
3419:Ivory Coast
3259:El Salvador
3004:Afghanistan
2971:Micronesian
2772:Compilation
2685:Composition
2580:Composition
2545:Disc jockey
2518:Backup band
2445:Arched Harp
2202:Prehistoric
2085:Sonata form
2045:Post-chorus
1960:Development
1950:Cyclic form
1915:Binary form
1884:development
1810:XXI, No. 2.
1752:16: 77-103.
1507:Urban blues
1145:Post-chorus
1088:8-Bar Blues
1082:AAB a.k.a.
1013:development
981:development
953:sonata form
947:Sonata form
896:ground bass
888:Passacaglia
755:Binary form
749:Binary form
671:Alfred Mann
489:that, when
437:and so on).
305:performance
151:August 2012
3949:Uzbekistan
3869:Tajikistan
3774:Seychelles
3754:San Marino
3589:Mozambique
3579:Montenegro
3549:Mauritania
3514:Madagascar
3509:Luxembourg
3464:Kyrgyzstan
3439:Kazakhstan
3244:East Timor
3194:Costa Rica
3159:Cape Verde
3069:Bangladesh
3054:Azerbaijan
2976:Polynesian
2966:Melanesian
2748:Production
2727:Organology
2692:Musicology
2427:Soul music
2382:Folk music
2367:Vernacular
2125:Transition
2055:Repetition
2040:Pre-chorus
1970:Exposition
1940:Conclusion
1788:36: 35-64.
1234:References
1223:See also:
1174:song cycle
1005:exposition
969:exposition
907:polyphonic
845:ritornello
831:Rondo form
825:Rondo form
622:song-cycle
544:verse form
491:harmonized
475:unaccented
329:repetition
327:that show
293:In music,
223:newspapers
50:improve it
4084:Album era
3964:Venezuela
3829:Sri Lanka
3784:Singapore
3669:Palestine
3624:Nicaragua
3554:Mauritius
3504:Lithuania
3389:Indonesia
3344:Guatemala
3044:Australia
3034:Argentina
2954:Caribbean
2908:Southeast
2633:and study
2631:Education
2621:Technique
2502:Ensembles
2412:Pop music
2244:Art music
2222:Religious
2130:Variation
1995:Leitmotif
1895:Arch form
1743:15: 1-18.
1673:Songstuff
1599:cite book
1593:. London.
1570:cite book
1451:cite book
1443:800033147
1348:882602291
1267:214315557
1157:Collision
915:divisions
853:Arch form
837:ABACADAEA
731:potpourri
655:movements
536:sentences
506:variation
387:free-form
333:variation
323:, and/or
139:talk page
56:talk page
4221:Category
4205:Category
4018:Timeline
3989:Zimbabwe
3879:Thailand
3874:Tanzania
3839:Suriname
3794:Slovenia
3789:Slovakia
3704:Portugal
3684:Paraguay
3659:Pakistan
3574:Mongolia
3529:Maldives
3524:Malaysia
3449:Kiribati
3369:Honduras
3284:Ethiopia
3279:Eswatini
3234:Dominica
3229:Djibouti
3184:Colombia
3149:Cameroon
3144:Cambodia
3129:Bulgaria
3114:Botswana
3074:Barbados
2961:Oceanian
2915:European
2871:Southern
2804:Sampling
2601:Notation
2535:Big band
2497:Musician
2227:Biblical
2025:Overture
2020:Ostinato
2015:Movement
1910:Bar form
1900:Argument
1830:Archived
1184:See also
1178:oratorio
931:AABACABA
919:descants
902:ostinato
892:Chaconne
743:AABBCCDD
647:concerto
643:symphony
559:galliard
423:B, C, D,
413:writes:
401:Labeling
391:fantasia
365:cadences
133:You may
4114:Warfare
4013:Outline
3969:Vietnam
3954:Vanuatu
3944:Uruguay
3924:Ukraine
3899:Tunisia
3804:Somalia
3764:Senegal
3719:Romania
3634:Nigeria
3599:Namibia
3594:Myanmar
3584:Morocco
3564:Moldova
3489:Liberia
3484:Lesotho
3479:Lebanon
3424:Jamaica
3404:Ireland
3379:Iceland
3374:Hungary
3339:Grenada
3324:Germany
3319:Georgia
3299:Finland
3274:Estonia
3269:Eritrea
3249:Ecuador
3224:Denmark
3199:Croatia
3189:Comoros
3139:Burundi
3104:Bolivia
3084:Belgium
3079:Belarus
3064:Bahrain
3059:Bahamas
3049:Austria
3039:Armenia
3019:Andorra
3014:Algeria
3009:Albania
2888:Central
2856:Central
2851:African
2234:Secular
2217:Martial
2207:Ancient
2080:Section
2060:Reprise
1136:Refrain
935:ABACABA
841:ABACABA
698:refrain
587:czardas
530:Passage
515:passage
487:measure
449:", or
447:B prime
395:Debussy
369:periods
357:phrases
325:harmony
237:scholar
96:Discuss
4023:Albums
3984:Zambia
3919:Uganda
3914:Tuvalu
3904:Turkey
3864:Taiwan
3844:Sweden
3769:Serbia
3729:Rwanda
3724:Russia
3699:Poland
3674:Panama
3649:Norway
3569:Monaco
3559:Mexico
3519:Malawi
3474:Latvia
3459:Kuwait
3454:Kosovo
3434:Jordan
3409:Israel
3359:Guyana
3349:Guinea
3334:Greece
3314:Gambia
3304:France
3209:Cyprus
3154:Canada
3124:Brunei
3119:Brazil
3099:Bhutan
3089:Belize
3024:Angola
2995:
2925:Nordic
2920:Balkan
2755:Single
2660:Method
2611:Lyrics
2575:Theory
2035:Phrase
2030:Period
2005:Melody
1975:Finale
1920:Bridge
1625:
1540:
1515:
1441:
1431:
1409:
1385:
1346:
1336:
1314:
1290:
1265:
1255:
1148:Bridge
1142:Chorus
1112:AABABA
977:themes
933:) or (
900:basso
797:AA′BB′
745:...).
727:Medley
702:bridge
700:, and
651:sonata
649:and a
638:ballet
632:. The
594:minuet
583:chorus
521:, and
510:phrase
499:figure
481:, the
321:melody
317:rhythm
239:
232:
225:
218:
210:
92:merged
4058:Songs
4008:Index
4001:Lists
3979:Yemen
3889:Tonga
3854:Syria
3834:Sudan
3824:Spain
3749:Samoa
3709:Qatar
3664:Palau
3629:Niger
3609:Nepal
3604:Nauru
3539:Malta
3494:Libya
3444:Kenya
3429:Japan
3414:Italy
3384:India
3364:Haiti
3329:Ghana
3309:Gabon
3254:Egypt
3179:China
3174:Chile
3094:Benin
2903:South
2883:Asian
2866:North
2829:Remix
2824:Cover
2782:Remix
2596:Genre
2465:Nafir
2387:Blues
2369:music
2212:Dance
2186:Music
2110:Theme
2075:Rondò
2070:Rondo
2010:Motif
1945:Cycle
1211:Notes
1133:Verse
1109:AAAAA
1097:See
927:Rondo
884:theme
857:ABCBA
735:chain
667:fugue
634:opera
630:suite
612:Cycle
540:verse
523:cycle
519:piece
495:motif
485:of a
483:cells
479:beats
473:into
471:pulse
435:a, b,
337:solos
244:JSTOR
230:books
141:, or
4151:Folk
3884:Togo
3689:Peru
3654:Oman
3534:Mali
3469:Laos
3399:Iraq
3394:Iran
3294:Fiji
3204:Cuba
3169:Chad
2893:East
2876:West
2861:East
2777:Live
2616:Song
2591:Form
2407:Jazz
2065:Riff
2000:Lick
1985:Hook
1965:Drop
1935:Coda
1930:Cell
1882:and
1623:ISBN
1605:link
1576:link
1538:ISBN
1513:ISBN
1457:link
1439:OCLC
1429:ISBN
1407:ISBN
1383:ISBN
1344:OCLC
1334:ISBN
1312:ISBN
1288:ISBN
1263:OCLC
1253:ISBN
1067:ABAB
1028:coda
971:and
963:and
917:and
890:and
773:AABB
739:ABCD
690:coda
688:and
645:, a
636:and
602:trio
598:AABB
429:and
389:. A
373:Form
349:Form
296:form
216:news
2655:PhD
955:or
937:).
909:or
815:ABA
771:or
733:or
606:ABA
497:or
371:. "
331:or
303:or
199:by
90:be
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1806:.
1671:.
1658:^
1648:.
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1601:}}
1597:{{
1572:}}
1568:{{
1552:^
1453:}}
1449:{{
1437:.
1381:.
1377:.
1342:.
1299:^
1275:^
1261:.
882:a
851:.
821:.
799:.
793:B'
785:A′
769:AB
729:,
657:.
517:,
451:B″
443:B′
431:B,
419:A.
319:,
311:,
59:.
2178:e
2171:t
2164:v
1872:e
1865:t
1858:v
1652:.
1631:.
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1521:.
1459:)
1445:.
1413:.
1391:.
1350:.
1318:.
1294:.
1269:.
880::
855:(
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781:A
525:.
501:.
427:A
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241:·
234:·
227:·
220:·
193:.
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158:(
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98:)
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