Microsoft SQL Server - Knowledge (XXG)

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to Notification Services subscribers. A subscriber registers for a specific event or transaction (which is registered on the database server as a trigger); when the event occurs, Notification Services can use one of three methods to send a message to the subscriber informing about the occurrence of the event. These methods include SMTP, SOAP, or by writing to a file in the filesystem. Notification Services was discontinued by Microsoft with the release of SQL Server 2008 in August 2008, and is no longer an officially supported component of the SQL Server database platform.

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Server functionality by sending T-SQL queries and statements which are then processed by the server and results (or errors) returned to the client application. For this it exposes read-only tables from which server statistics can be read. Management functionality is exposed via system-defined stored procedures which can be invoked from T-SQL queries to perform the management operation. It is also possible to create linked Servers using T-SQL. Linked servers allow a single query to process operations performed on multiple servers.

987:, the database statistics and the system load at that time. It then decides which sequence to access the tables referred in the query, which sequence to execute the operations and what access method to be used to access the tables. For example, if the table has an associated index, whether the index should be used or not: if the index is on a column which is not unique for most of the columns (low "selectivity"), it might not be worthwhile to use the index to access the data. Finally, it decides whether to execute the query 82: 905:. When pessimistic concurrency control is being used, SQL Server controls concurrent access by using locks. Locks can be either shared or exclusive. An exclusive lock grants the user exclusive access to the data—no other user can access the data as long as the lock is held. Shared locks are used when some data is being read—multiple users can read from data locked with a shared lock, but not acquire an exclusive lock. The latter would have to wait for all shared locks to be released. 516:

to the other editions. For example, it supports a subset of the standard data types, does not support stored procedures or Views or multiple-statement batches (among other limitations). It is limited to 4 GB maximum database size and cannot be run as a Windows service, Compact Edition must be hosted by the application using it. The 3.5 version includes support for ADO.NET Synchronization Services. SQL CE does not support ODBC connectivity, unlike SQL Server proper.

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database, an index, an allocation map, which holds information about how pages are allocated to tables and indexes; and a change map which holds information about the changes made to other pages since last backup or logging, or contain large data types such as image or text. While a page is the basic unit of an I/O operation, space is actually managed in terms of an

1004:. Unlike other queries, stored procedures have an associated name, which is used at runtime to resolve into the actual queries. Also because the code need not be sent from the client every time (as it can be accessed by name), it reduces network traffic and somewhat improves performance. Execution plans for stored procedures are also cached as necessary. 934:. When a row is in the process of being updated, any other requests are not blocked (unlike locking) but are executed on the older version of the row. If the other request is an update statement, it will result in two different versions of the rows—both of them will be stored by the database, identified by their respective transaction IDs. 213:—which may run either on the same computer or on another computer across a network (including the Internet). Microsoft markets at least a dozen different editions of Microsoft SQL Server, aimed at different audiences and for workloads ranging from small single-machine applications to large Internet-facing applications with many 876:. Either reading from or writing to any page copies it to the buffer cache. Subsequent reads or writes are redirected to the in-memory copy, rather than the on-disc version. The page is updated on the disc by the Buffer Manager only if the in-memory cache has not been referenced for some time. While writing pages back to disc, 1472:

Originally introduced as a post-release add-on for SQL Server 2000, Notification Services was bundled as part of the Microsoft SQL Server platform for the first and only time with SQL Server 2005. SQL Server Notification Services is a mechanism for generating data-driven notifications, which are sent

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SQL Server Replication Services are used by SQL Server to replicate and synchronize database objects, either in entirety or a subset of the objects present, across replication agents, which might be other database servers across the network, or database caches on the client side. Replication Services

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or not. While a concurrent execution is more costly in terms of total processor time, because the execution is actually split to different processors might mean it will execute faster. Once a query plan is generated for a query, it is temporarily cached. For further invocations of the same query, the

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SQL Server 2000. Had workload or connection limits like MSDE, but no database size limit. Includes standard management tools. Intended for use as a mobile / disconnected proxy, licensed for use with SQL Server 2000 Standard edition. Similar to Standard Edition in SQL Server 2000, but Full-Text Search

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SQLCMD was introduced with SQL Server 2005 and has continued through SQL Server versions 2008, 2008 R2, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2019. Its predecessor for earlier versions was OSQL and ISQL, which were functionally equivalent as it pertains to T-SQL execution, and many of the command line parameters are

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SQL Server Full Text Search service is a specialized indexing and querying service for unstructured text stored in SQL Server databases. The full text search index can be created on any column with character based text data. It allows for words to be searched for in the text columns. While it can be

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The SQL Server Machine Learning services operates within the SQL server instance, allowing people to do machine learning and data analytics without having to send data across the network or be limited by the memory of their own computers. The services come with Microsoft's R and Python distributions

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SQL Server allows multiple clients to use the same database concurrently. As such, it needs to control concurrent access to shared data, to ensure data integrity—when multiple clients update the same data, or clients attempt to read data that is in the process of being changed by another client. SQL

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to allow fast retrieval of rows, the rows are stored in-order according to their index values, with a B-tree providing the index. The data is in the leaf node of the leaves, and other nodes storing the index values for the leaf data reachable from the respective nodes. If the index is non-clustered,

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which consists of 8 pages. A database object can either span all 8 pages in an extent ("uniform extent") or share an extent with up to 7 more objects ("mixed extent"). A row in a database table cannot span more than one page, so is limited to 8 KB in size. However, if the data exceeds 8 KB

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A central feature of SQL Server Management Studio is the Object Explorer, which allows the user to browse, select, and act upon any of the objects within the server. It can be used to visually observe and analyze query plans and optimize the database performance, among others. SQL Server Management

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message body for notifications. The contract defines which messages are used in an conversation between services and who can put messages in the queue. The queue acts as storage provider for the messages. They are internally implemented as tables by SQL Server, but do not support insert, update, or

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used in other databases. The mechanism allows a new version of a row to be created whenever the row is updated, as opposed to overwriting the row, i.e., a row is additionally identified by the ID of the transaction that created the version of the row. Both the old as well as the new versions of the

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SQL Server 2008 R2 Datacenter is a full-featured edition of SQL Server and is designed for datacenters that need high levels of application support and scalability. It supports 256 logical processors and virtually unlimited memory and comes with StreamInsight Premium edition. The Datacenter edition

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is an embedded database engine. Unlike the other editions of SQL Server, the SQL CE engine is based on SQL Mobile (initially designed for use with hand-held devices) and does not share the same binaries. Due to its small size (1 MB DLL footprint), it has a markedly reduced feature set compared

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Changes made at both the publisher and subscriber databases are tracked, and periodically the changes are synchronized bi-directionally between the publisher and the subscribers. If the same data has been modified differently in both the publisher and the subscriber databases, synchronization will

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that accesses SQL Server data. However, doing that creates a new database session, different from the one in which the code is executing. To avoid this, SQL Server provides some enhancements to the ADO.NET provider that allows the connection to be redirected to the same session which already hosts

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It exposes keywords for the operations that can be performed on SQL Server, including creating and altering database schemas, entering and editing data in the database as well as monitoring and managing the server itself. Client applications that consume data or manage the server will leverage SQL

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statement, executing join on both the tables and then executing select on the results would give the same result as selecting from each table and then executing the join, but result in different execution plans. In such case, SQL Server chooses the plan that is expected to yield the results in the

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Locks can be applied on different levels of granularity—on entire tables, pages, or even on a per-row basis on tables. For indexes, it can either be on the entire index or on index leaves. The level of granularity to be used is defined on a per-database basis by the database administrator. While a

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SQL Server also includes an assortment of add-on services. While these are not essential for the operation of the database system, they provide value added services on top of the core database management system. These services either run as a part of some SQL Server component or out-of-process as

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value which can range from 0 to 1000—a higher rank means a more accurate match. It also allows linguistic matching ("inflectional search"), i.e., linguistic variants of a word (such as a verb in a different tense) will also be a match for a given word (but with a lower rank than an exact match).

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Edition is a scaled down, free edition of SQL Server, which includes the core database engine. While there are no limitations on the number of databases or users supported, it is limited to using one processor, 1 GB memory and 10 GB database files (4 GB database files prior to SQL

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When a full text query is received by the SQL Server query processor, it is handed over to the FTS query processor in the Search process. The FTS query processor breaks up the query into the constituent words, filters out the noise words, and uses an inbuilt thesaurus to find out the linguistic

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for SQL Server operations. A page is marked with a 96-byte header which stores metadata about the page including the page number, page type, free space on the page and the ID of the object that owns it. The page type defines the data contained in the page. This data includes: data stored in the

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Tools: Stress Testing and Performance Analysis tools (Read80Trace and OSTRESS), PSSDIAG Data Collection Utility, Notification services (up to service pack 1), Security Tools, Best Practices Analyzer 1.0, Reporting Services (up to Service Pack 2), Reporting Services Report Packs, SQL Server 2000

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SQL Server Standard edition includes the core database engine, along with the stand-alone services. It differs from Enterprise edition in that it supports fewer active instances (number of nodes in a cluster) and does not include some high-availability functions such as hot-add memory (allowing

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has the same storage structure as an indexed table. A table without a clustered index is stored in an unordered heap structure. However, the table may have non-clustered indices to allow fast retrieval of rows. In some situations the heap structure has performance advantages over the clustered

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SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS) is a report generation environment for data gathered from SQL Server databases. It is administered via a web interface. Reporting services features a web services interface to support the development of custom reporting applications. Reports are created as

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Analysts can either configure their client machine to connect to a remote SQL server and push the script executions to it, or they can run a R or Python scripts as an external script inside a T-SQL query. The trained machine learning model can be stored inside a database and used for scoring.

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to be defined. Stored procedures are parameterized T-SQL queries, that are stored in the server itself (and not issued by the client application as is the case with general queries). Stored procedures can accept values sent by the client as input parameters, and send back results as output

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pages in RAM to minimize disk I/O. Any 8 KB page can be buffered in-memory, and the set of all pages currently buffered is called the buffer cache. The amount of memory available to SQL Server decides how many pages will be cached in memory. The buffer cache is managed by the

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tool included with SQL Server 2005 and later for configuring, managing, and administering all components within Microsoft SQL Server. The tool includes both script editors and graphical tools that work with objects and features of the server. SQL Server Management Studio replaces

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Microsoft SQL Server also allows user-defined composite types (UDTs) to be defined and used. It also makes server statistics available as virtual tables and views (called Dynamic Management Views or DMVs). In addition to tables, a database can also contain other objects including

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solutions—latches and spinlocks—which are less robust than locks but are less resource intensive. SQL Server uses them for DMVs and other resources that are usually not busy. SQL Server also monitors all worker threads that acquire locks to ensure that they do not end up in

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Proximity searches are also supported, i.e., if the words searched for do not occur in the sequence they are specified in the query but are near each other, they are also considered a match. T-SQL exposes special operators that can be used to access the FTS capabilities.

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SQL Server Developer Edition includes the same features as SQL Server Enterprise Edition, but is limited by the license to be only used as a development and test system, and not as production server. Starting early 2016, Microsoft made this edition free of charge to the

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document is stored as an unstructured binary file in a database). The iFilters are hosted by the Filter Daemon process. Once the text is extracted, the Filter Daemon process breaks it up into a sequence of words and hands it over to the indexer. The indexer filters out

922:. The Lock Manager maintains an in-memory table that manages the database objects and locks, if any, on them along with other metadata about the lock. Access to any shared object is mediated by the lock manager, which either grants access to the resource or blocks it. 1553:). These processes interact with the SQL Server. The Search process includes the indexer (that creates the full text indexes) and the full text query processor. The indexer scans through text columns in the database. It can also index through binary columns, and use 836:

For physical storage of a table, its rows are divided into a series of partitions (numbered 1 to n). The partition size is user defined; by default all rows are in a single partition. A table is split into multiple partitions in order to spread a database over a

1103:, i.e., memory, threading and resource management requirements of .NET Framework are satisfied by SQLOS itself, rather than the underlying Windows operating system. SQLOS provides deadlock detection and resolution services for .NET code as well. With SQL CLR, 788:, along with a transaction log. A SQL Server database can contain a maximum of 2 objects, and can span multiple OS-level files with a maximum file size of 2 bytes (1 exabyte). The data in the database are stored in primary data files with an extension 599:

Also called Desktop Engine, Desktop Edition, it is based on SQL Server 2000. Intended for use as an application component, it did not include GUI management tools. Later, Microsoft also made available a web admin tool. Included with some versions of

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Studio can also be used to create a new database, alter any existing database schema by adding or modifying tables and indexes, or analyze performance. It includes the query windows which provide a GUI based interface to write and execute queries.

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specifies what is to be retrieved. It is processed by the query processor, which figures out the sequence of steps that will be necessary to retrieve the requested data. The sequence of actions necessary to execute a query is called a

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such as extracting data from various sources, querying data, transforming data—including aggregation, de-duplication, de-/normalization and merging of data—and then exporting the transformed data into destination databases or files.

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API, including classes to work with tabular data or a single row of data as well as classes to work with internal metadata about the data stored in the database. It also provides access to the XML features in SQL Server, including

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Pre-installed and configured as part of an appliance in partnership with Dell & HP base on the Fast Track architecture. This edition does not include SQL Server Integration Services, Analysis Services, or Reporting Services.

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SQLCMD is a command line application that comes with Microsoft SQL Server, and exposes the management features of SQL Server. It allows SQL queries to be written and executed from the command prompt. It can also act as a

918:—in case they do, SQL Server takes remedial measures, which in many cases are to kill one of the threads entangled in a deadlock and roll back the transaction it started. To implement locking, SQL Server contains the 909:

fine-grained locking system allows more users to use the table or index simultaneously, it requires more resources, so it does not automatically yield higher performance. SQL Server also includes two more lightweight

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follows a publisher/subscriber model, i.e., the changes are sent out by one database server ("publisher") and are received by others ("subscribers"). SQL Server supports three different types of replication:

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Each transaction made to the publisher database (master database) is synced out to subscribers, who update their databases with the transaction. Transactional replication synchronizes databases in near real

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SQL Server 2019, released in 2019, adds Big Data Clusters, enhancements to the "Intelligent Database", enhanced monitoring features, updated developer experience, and updates/enhancements for Linux based

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as the primary management interface for Microsoft SQL Server since SQL Server 2005. A version of SQL Server Management Studio is also available for SQL Server Express Edition, for which it is known as

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SQL Server includes a cost-based query optimizer which tries to optimize on the cost, in terms of the resources it will take to execute the query. Given a query, then the query optimizer looks at the

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SQL Server Enterprise Edition includes both the core database engine and add-on services, with a range of tools for creating and managing a SQL Server cluster. It can manage databases as large as 524

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SQL Server Fast Track is specifically for enterprise-scale data warehousing storage and business intelligence processing, and runs on reference-architecture hardware that is optimized for Fast Track.

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support, as well as receiving multiple result sets in a single database session. SQL Server Native Client is used under the hood by SQL Server plug-ins for other data access technologies, including

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variants for each word. The words are then queried against the inverted index and a rank of their accurateness is computed. The results are returned to the client via the SQL Server process.

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development environment but is customized with the SQL Server services-specific extensions and project types, including tools, controls and projects for reports (using Reporting Services),

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when it is written. When reading the page back, its checksum is computed again and matched with the stored version to ensure the page has not been damaged or tampered with in the meantime.

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Introduced in SQL Server Express 2012, LocalDB is a minimal, on-demand, version of SQL Server that is designed for application developers. It can also be used as an embedded database.

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extension, are used to allow the data of a single database to be spread across more than one file, and optionally across more than one file system. Log files are identified with the

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and allows the different components to be synchronized, via exchange of messages. The Service Broker, which runs as a part of the database engine, provides a reliable messaging and

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Snapshot replication publishes a copy of the entire database (the then-snapshot of the data) and replicates out to the subscribers. Further changes to the snapshot are not tracked.

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The protocol layer implements the external interface to SQL Server. All operations that can be invoked on SQL Server are communicated to it via a Microsoft-defined format, called

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SQL Server Workgroup Edition includes the core database functionality but does not include the additional services. Note that this edition has been retired in SQL Server 2012.

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Introduced in SQL Server 2012 and focusing on Self Service and Corporate Business Intelligence. It includes the Standard Edition capabilities and Business Intelligence tools:

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result in a conflict which has to be resolved, either manually or by using pre-defined policies.Rowguid needs to be configured on a column if merge replication is configured.

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Azure Data Studio is a cross platform query editor available as an optional download. The tool allows users to write queries; export query results; commit SQL scripts to

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relational database engine in 1984, and later by Microsoft in Microsoft SQL Server, TDS packets can be encased in other physical transport dependent protocols, including

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From SQL Server 2016 onward, the product is supported on x64 processors only and must have 1.4 GHz processor as a minimum, 2.0 GHz or faster is recommended.

2898: 685:(TDS). TDS is an application layer protocol, used to transfer data between a database server and a client. Initially designed and developed by Sybase Inc. for their 6240: 5801: 3453: 1758: 1054:

implementation, support for mirrored SQL Server databases, full support for all data types supported by SQL Server, asynchronous operations, query notifications,

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support. These enhancements are also available in T-SQL Procedures in consequence of the introduction of the new XML Datatype (query, value, nodes functions).

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It was released to General Availability in September 2018. Prior to release the preview version of the application was known as SQL Server Operations Studio.

543:, has all the features of the Enterprise Edition, but is limited to 180 days, after which the tools will continue to run, but the server services will stop. 2399: 1632:

that can be used to graphically create, view or edit database schemas. Queries can be created either visually or using code. SSMS 2008 onwards, provides

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parameters. They can call defined functions, and other stored procedures, including the same stored procedure (up to a set number of times). They can be

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is done in a background thread so that other operations do not have to wait for the I/O operation to complete. Each page is written along with its

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operator, using SQL Server Full Text Search service can be more efficient. Full allows for inexact matching of the source string, indicated by a

4304: 5271: 4299: 2703: 2026: 194: 152: 6235: 6225: 5725: 4771: 3951: 3890: 3851: 2126: 604:, Microsoft development tools, and other editions of SQL Server. After SQL Server 2000, it was replaced by SQL Server 2005 Express Edition. 533:

is a specially configured named instance of the SQL Server Express database engine which can be accessed only by certain Windows Services.

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Microsoft makes SQL Server available in multiple editions, with different feature sets and targeting different users. These editions are:

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delete functionality. The service program receives and processes service broker messages. Usually the service program is implemented as

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SQL Server 6.0 is released in 1995, marking the end of collaboration with Sybase; Sybase would continue developing their own variant of

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Documentation: SQL Server 2000 Books Online, SQL Server 2000 System Table Map, Resource Kit, SQL Server 2000 — Getting Started Guide.

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The message type defines the data format used for the message. This can be an XML object, plain text or binary data, as well as a

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structures (using Analysis Services). For SQL Server 2012 and later, this IDE has been renamed SQL Server Data Tools (SSDT).

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file, and are used either for management of databases or to create the database schema during the deployment of a database.

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row are stored and maintained, though the old versions are moved out of the database into a system database identified as

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for Microsoft SQL Server, version 2005 onwards. It natively implements support for the SQL Server features including the

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Used inside an instance, programming environment. For cross-instance applications, Service Broker communicates over

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English, Chinese, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese (Brazil), Russian, Spanish and Indonesian

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Version 1.0 is based on SQL Server version 7.0. Afterwards, it was replaced by Microsoft SQL Server Data Engine.

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repositories and perform basic server diagnostics. Azure Data Studio supports Windows, Mac and Linux systems.

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The current version is Microsoft SQL Server 2022, released November 16, 2022. The RTM version is 16.0.1000.6.

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has been retired in SQL Server 2012; all of its features are available in SQL Server 2012 Enterprise Edition.

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SQL Server 2005, released in 2005, finishes the complete revision of the old Sybase code into Microsoft code.

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The history of Microsoft SQL Server begins with the first Microsoft SQL Server product—SQL Server 1.0, a

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includes native support for data programming with Microsoft SQL Server. It can be used to write and

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is created, associating each word with the columns they were found in. SQL Server itself includes a

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data, the data in those columns are moved to a new page (or possibly a sequence of pages, called an

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operating system in 1989—and extends to the current day. Its name is entirely descriptive, it being

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that contain commonly used packages for data science, along with some proprietary packages (e.g.

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SQL Server also provides the optimistic concurrency control mechanism, which is similar to the

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used for developing data analysis and Business Intelligence solutions utilizing the Microsoft

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application. Routes are network addresses where the service broker is located on the network.

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When writing code for SQL CLR, data stored in SQL Server databases can be accessed using the

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SQL Server 7.0 is released in 1998, marking the conversion of the source code from C to C++.

206: 159: 119: 2378: 1574:, etc., which occur frequently and are not useful for search. With the remaining words, an 6110: 5923: 5918: 5833: 5786: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5505: 5490: 5437: 5422: 5390: 5341: 5326: 5186: 5164: 4882: 4755: 4349: 4123: 4061: 3972: 3731: 3701: 3655: 3436: 2323: 2018: 1435: 1237: 1196: 984: 855: 773: 502: 490: 477: 469: 214: 202: 1169:

the running code. Such connections are called context connections and are set by setting

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of floats to integers uses either Symmetric Arithmetic Rounding or Symmetric Round Down (

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standard as the underlying communication protocol. The cube data can be accessed using

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component that monitors changes to tables and invokes the indexer in case of updates.

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in the connection string. SQL Server also provides several other enhancements to the

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to create and run a set of SQL statements as a script. Such scripts are stored as a

1422:. Once created, RDL files can be rendered in a variety of formats, including Excel, 1380:

algorithm, time series analysis, sequence clustering algorithm, linear and logistic

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Also, service broker supports security features like network authentication (using

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Samples: Northwind and pubs Sample Databases, Updated Samples for SQL Server 2000.

627:

Introduced in SQL Server 2000, and was replaced by SQL Server 2005 Mobile Edition.

4178: 306:

SQL Server 2017, released in 2017, adds Linux support for these Linux platforms:

303:

SQL Server 2012, released in 2012, adds columnar in-memory storage aka xVelocity.

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with the primary function of storing and retrieving data as requested by other

6140: 6050: 5975: 5878: 5813: 5781: 5291: 5281: 5084: 4971: 4855: 4850: 4279: 4254: 4242: 4237: 4012: 3882: 3736: 3645: 3607: 3582: 3391: 1763: 1625: 1292: 1264: 1217: 1055: 968: 964: 694: 621: 280: 38: 3267:

Wrox's SQL Server 2005 Express Edition Starter Kit (Programmer to Programmer)

2895:"Cannot open a SQL Reporting Services .rptproj file | Microsoft Connect" 338:

As of February 2024, the following versions are supported by Microsoft:

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Storage space allocated to a database is divided into sequentially numbered

396:

memory to be added while the server is still running), and parallel indexes.

273: 198: 43: 611:

not working in Windows 98, transactional replication limited to subscriber.

4163: 2570:"Available Today: Preview Release of the SQL Server ODBC Driver for Linux" 667:

Driver for JDBC (up to service pack 3), SQLXML 3.0 (up to service pack 3).

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and LINQ queries. Data mining specific functionality is exposed via the

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structure. Both heaps and B-trees can span multiple allocation units.

17: 6172: 6150: 6065: 5980: 5908: 5838: 5656: 5363: 4687: 4024: 4017: 3502: 3350: 2695: 2683: 2681: 2679: 1557:

to extract meaningful text from the binary blob (for example, when a

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is available, when running code under SQL CLR. Most APIs relating to

1123: 1063: 842: 690: 265: 232: 1220:, microsoftml) that can be used to create machine models at scale. 112: 6160: 6105: 5229: 4728: 4723: 4371: 4195: 4081: 3982: 3497: 3002:"Discontinued Functionality in SQL Server 2008 Reporting Services" 2106:"SQL Server 2008 R2 Express Database Size Limit Increased to 10GB" 1515: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1074: 1013: 951: 279:

SQL Server 4.2 for NT is released in 1993, marking the entry onto

124: 992:

cached plan is used. Unused plans are discarded after some time.

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capabilities for SQL Server databases. The OLAP engine supports

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the rows are not sorted according to the index keys. An indexed

437: 236: 4784: 3886: 3395: 2976:"SQL Server Notification Services Removed from SQL Server 2008" 1537:

The Full Text Search engine is divided into two processes: the

1046:

SQL Server Native Client is the native client side data access

942:

The main mode of retrieving data from a SQL Server database is

5380: 4743: 1679: 1654: 1443: 1431: 1423: 1372:

query language. Analysis Services includes various algorithms—

1200: 1161: 947: 748:(variable length character strings), binary (for unstructured 247: 724:

columns. SQL Server supports different data types, including

436:

Server Express 2008 R2). It is intended as a replacement for

633:

Replaced by SQL Server 2005 Compact Edition after 1 release.

1749:

Comparison of object-relational database management systems

2688:

Klaus Aschenbrenner (2011). "Introducing Service Broker".

1069:

On November 28, 2011, a preview release of the SQL Server

389:

of memory and supports 640 logical processors (CPU cores).

2089: 2087: 1243:

Service broker services consists of the following parts:

1095:("Common Language Runtime") via which it integrates with 2094:

SQL Server 2012 Licensing Datasheet and FAQ (March 2012)

1503:

needs. Integration Services includes GUI tools to build

452:

adds full-text search capability and reporting services.

1360:

storage modes for data. Analysis Services supports the

3242:"Introducing Business Intelligence Development Studio" 2201:"Microsoft SQL Server 2008: Fast Track Data Warehouse" 3289:

Inside SQL Server 2005: Query Tuning and Optimization

2954:"An Introduction to SQL Server Notification Services" 2337:

Features Supported by the Editions of SQL Server 2000

1091:

Microsoft SQL Server 2005 includes a component named

849:

structure. If the table has an associated, clustered

565:(MPP) SQL Server appliance optimized for large-scale 3220:"What is Microsoft SQL Operations Studio (preview)?" 2375:"Chapter 3 - Choosing an Edition of SQL Server 2000" 2015:

Inside Microsoft SQL Server 2005: The Storage Engine

1744:

Comparison of relational database management systems

1520:

The SQL Server Full Text Search service architecture

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Inside Microsoft SQL Server 2005: T-SQL Programming

1607:identical, although SQLCMD adds extra versatility. 170: 158: 146: 138: 118: 104: 72: 49: 37: 5026:Global LGBTQIA+ Employee & Allies at Microsoft 946:for it. The query is expressed using a variant of 897:Server provides two modes of concurrency control: 260:MS SQL Server for OS/2 began as a project to port 6251:Relational database management software for Linux 2127:"What's up with SQL Server 2008 Express editions" 1803:Latest updates and version history for SQL Server 1410:Reports can be designed using recent versions of 539:SQL Server Evaluation Edition, also known as the 3132:"MSDN: Introducing SQL Server Management Studio" 2008: 2006: 2004: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1487:SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS) provides 1018:T-SQL (Transact-SQL) is Microsoft's proprietary 980:and is performed by the query processor itself. 472:version of Microsoft SQL Server, presented as a 1868:"Installation guidance for SQL Server on Linux" 3023:"Introducing SQL Server Notification Services" 2920:MSDN Library: Reporting Services Render Method 2637:"What is SQL Server Machine Learning Services" 2589: 2587: 2255:"Introducing LocalDB, an improved SQL Express" 1759:List of relational database management systems 1628:to be executed by SQL CLR. It also includes a 1414:(Visual Studio.NET 2003, 2005, and 2008) with 841:. Rows in each partition are stored in either 4796: 3898: 3407: 2318: 2316: 1920:"Requirements for Installing SQL Server 2016" 954:, a dialect Microsoft SQL Server shares with 193:(Structured Query Language) is a proprietary 8: 3087:"Querying SQL Server using Full-Text Search" 32: 3265:Lance Delano, Rajesh George et al. (2005). 833:) and replaced with a pointer to the data. 5771: 5412: 5047: 4840: 4803: 4789: 4781: 4530: 4319: 3924: 3905: 3891: 3883: 3414: 3400: 3392: 792:. Secondary data files, identified with a 80: 31: 6231:Client-server database management systems 3360:2nd official website at Microsoft TechNet 2572:. SQL Server Team Blog. November 28, 2011 1816:"The Programming Languages Beacon, v10.3" 1340:SQL Server Analysis Services (SSAS) adds 561:Formerly Parallel Data Warehouse (PDW) A 450:SQL Server Express with Advanced Services 245:software that responds to queries in the 4558:Business Intelligence Development Studio 1700:Business Intelligence Development Studio 1695:Business Intelligence Development Studio 1689:Business Intelligence Development Studio 1416:Business Intelligence Development Studio 85:(CU13 16.0.4125.3) / 16 November 2022 27:Family of database software by Microsoft 2897:. Connect.microsoft.com. Archived from 1842:"Download Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2" 1774: 976:shortest possible time. This is called 720:, which is a collection of tables with 6241:Relational database management systems 3154:"SQL Server Management Studio Express" 3105: 3103: 2549:"Features of SQL Server Native Client" 2309:Choosing an Edition of SQL Server 2000 1894:"What's new in SQL Server 2019 (15.x)" 1783:"Explore SQL Server 2022 capabilities" 1240:platform for SQL Server applications. 1134:), which can persist in the database. 1042:SQL Server Native Client (a.k.a. SNAC) 1022:extension for SQL Server. It provides 652:Tools published by Microsoft include: 2411:SQL Server 2000 Product Documentation 2283:"Microsoft Analytics Platform System" 756:(for textual data) among others. The 493:version of Microsoft SQL Server in a 195:relational database management system 153:Relational database management system 7: 2748:"Transactional Replication Overview" 1664:SQL Server Management Studio Express 3867: 1291:), integrity checking, and message 1203:to control and interact with them. 3198:"SQL Server 2005 Management Tools" 3065:"Introduction to Full-Text Search" 2691:Pro SQL Server 2008 Service Broker 2377:. November 1, 2010. Archived from 2349:"Choosing a StreamInsight Edition" 1130:can also be used to define UDT's ( 938:Data retrieval and programmability 329:SQL Server 2022, released in 2022. 25: 2942:Image Device Information Settings 2486:"Single SQL Statement Processing" 1926:. msdn.microsoft.com. May 2, 2016 1754:Comparison of data modeling tools 1418:, installed or with the included 1154:functionality are not available. 6200: 6199: 4767: 4766: 3866: 3856: 3847: 3846: 2832:"Analysis Services Architecture" 2811:"SSAS Entity Framework Provider" 2174:"SQL Server 2008 Trial Software" 1491:capabilities for SQL Server for 1468:SQL Server Notification Services 927:multiversion concurrency control 595:Microsoft SQL Server Data Engine 402:SQL Server Web Edition is a low- 5930:High Heat Major League Baseball 4650:Team Foundation Version Control 3857: 3306:Ben-Gan, Itzik, et al. (2006). 3156:. Microsoft.com. April 18, 2006 3111:"Full-Text Search Architecture" 3044:"Integration Services Overview" 2874:"SQL Server Reporting Services" 2790:"Snapshot replication Overview" 2727:"Types of Replication Overview" 1946:"SQL Server 2022 release notes" 1814:Lextrait, Vincent (July 2010). 1483:SQL Server Integration Services 744:(including character strings), 636:SQL Server 2005 Compact Edition 572:Datawarehouse Appliance Edition 558:Analytics Platform System (APS) 227:History of Microsoft SQL Server 5585:Where do you want to go today? 2444:"Table and Index Organization" 1002:selectively provided access to 630:SQL Server 2005 Mobile Edition 569:such as hundreds of terabytes. 1: 5632:Bundling of Microsoft Windows 3176:"MSDN: Using Object Explorer" 2595:"Overview of CLR integration" 2257:. SQL Server Express WebLog. 1398:SQL Server Reporting Services 1142:and after being verified for 958:due to its legacy. The query 563:massively parallel processing 442:SQL Server Express with Tools 294:, independently of Microsoft. 3367:Converting DBF to SQL Server 2769:"Merge Replication Overview" 2663:"Introducing Service Broker" 2228:"SQL Server Express LocalDB" 1712:SQL Server Analysis Services 1651:SQL Server Management Studio 1646:SQL Server Management Studio 1640:SQL Server Management Studio 1336:SQL Server Analysis Services 807:, each 8 KB in size. A 466:Microsoft Azure SQL Database 446:SQL Server Management Studio 312:SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 6236:Microsoft database software 6226:Database management systems 5698:Alcatel-Lucent v. Microsoft 3913:Microsoft development tools 3423:Database management systems 3200:. Sqlmag.com. July 19, 2005 2931:Device Information Settings 2616:"XML Support in SQL Server" 2400:SQL Server 2000 - Downloads 2043:"SQL Server 2008: Editions" 1846:Microsoft Evaluation Center 6267: 5996:Nokia Devices and Services 5889:Fast Search & Transfer 5829:The Blue Ribbon SoundWorks 5755:Microsoft v. United States 5747:United States v. Microsoft 5262:C/AL a.k.a Navision Attain 3829:Object–relational database 1692: 1643: 1614: 1480: 1465: 1395: 1333: 1289:authorization certificates 1084: 1011: 764:) depending on arguments: 292:Adaptive Server Enterprise 224: 6195: 5733:Microsoft v. MikeRoweSoft 4818: 4764: 4625:Extensible Storage Engine 4030:Robotics Developer Studio 3842: 3804:Federated database system 3537:Blockchain-based database 3387:SQL Server ODBC Driver 17 2507:"Stored Procedure Basics" 1636:for SQL queries as well. 1388:—for use in data mining. 1207:Machine Learning Services 100: 68: 5758:(2018 data privacy case) 4449:Communication Foundation 3372:PostgreSQL vs SQL Server 2694:(1st ed.). Vienna: 2528:"Transact-SQL Reference" 1512:Full Text Search Service 1458:, and HTML Web Archive. 1376:, clustering algorithm, 487:Azure SQL Data Warehouse 308:Red Hat Enterprise Linux 129:Microsoft Windows Server 5874:Double Fine Productions 5712:Microsoft v. Commission 4751:Windows Package Manager 4464:Presentation Foundation 2643:. Microsoft Corporation 2355:. Microsoft Corporation 2154:. Microsoft Corporation 1977:. Microsoft Corporation 1848:. Microsoft Corporation 1724:Microsoft Visual Studio 1622:Microsoft Visual Studio 1617:Microsoft Visual Studio 1525:performed with the SQL 1412:Microsoft Visual Studio 1308:Transaction replication 1199:and presents their own 1030:) and Data Definition ( 995:SQL Server also allows 899:pessimistic concurrency 892:Concurrency and locking 87:; 22 months ago 6011:Obsidian Entertainment 5904:GIANT Company Software 4927:Senior leadership team 4734:Web Platform Installer 4620:Access Database Engine 4087:Native Image Generator 3952:Tools for Applications 3834:Transaction processing 3789:Database normalization 3732:Query rewriting system 3382:DATEPART in SQL Server 2853:"Data Mining Concepts" 2013:Kalen Delaney (2007). 1521: 1111:can be written in any 903:optimistic concurrency 264:onto OS/2 in 1989, by 55:; 35 years ago 6246:Windows Server System 6006:Nuance Communications 5750:(2001 antitrust case) 5511:Outercurve Foundation 4948:Carolina Dybeck Happe 4812:Microsoft Corporation 3809:Referential integrity 1722:. It is based on the 1519: 1462:Notification Services 821:and the row contains 811:is the basic unit of 648:Supplemental packages 587:Microsoft Data Engine 581:Discontinued editions 499:platform as a service 474:platform as a service 413:Business intelligence 211:software applications 79:SQL Server 2022 6126:Vermeer Technologies 6061:Revolution Analytics 5971:Massive Incorporated 5941:inXile Entertainment 5726:Microsoft v. Lindows 5172:Open source software 5031:Microsoft and unions 4939:Takeshi Numoto (CMO) 4362:Xbox Development Kit 3947:Team System Profiler 3799:Distributed database 3222:. docs.microsoft.com 3178:. Msdn.microsoft.com 3134:. Msdn.microsoft.com 1720:Integration Services 1477:Integration Services 1322:Snapshot replication 1299:Replication Services 880:is used whereby the 766:SELECT Round(2.5, 0) 643:3.5 after 1 release. 457:Specialized editions 191:Microsoft SQL Server 165:Proprietary software 33:Microsoft SQL Server 6116:Twisted Pixel Games 6101:Winternals Software 5797:Activision Blizzard 5531:Activision Blizzard 5481:Digital Crimes Unit 4903:Carlos A. Rodriguez 4469:Workflow Foundation 4454:Identity Foundation 4040:SharePoint Designer 3819:Relational calculus 3697:Concurrency control 3067:. November 19, 2007 2982:on October 16, 2008 2956:. September 3, 2002 2901:on February 3, 2012 2641:SQL Server homepage 2465:"Buffer Management" 2423:"Pages and Extents" 2381:on November 1, 2010 2148:"Developer Edition" 1975:SQL Server homepage 1950:learn.microsoft.com 1874:. December 21, 2017 1566:, i.e., words like 1166:managed application 1052:Tabular Data Stream 1020:procedural language 683:Tabular Data Stream 373:Mainstream editions 64:, as SQL Server 1.0 53:April 24, 1989 34: 5864:Consumers Software 5705:Apple v. Microsoft 5464:Engineering groups 5202:Visual Studio Code 4874:(Chairman and CEO) 4865:Board of directors 4067:Windows App Studio 3814:Relational algebra 3758:Query optimization 3563:Armstrong's axioms 3377:SQL Server Express 3327:SQL Server with C# 3325:Klaus Elk (2018). 2698:. pp. 17–31. 1971:"Compare Editions" 1924:docs.microsoft.com 1716:Reporting Services 1660:Enterprise Manager 1597:scripting language 1522: 1392:Reporting Services 1171:context connection 1148:Base Class Library 1132:user defined types 978:query optimization 641:SQL Server Compact 433:SQL Server Express 6213: 6212: 6191: 6190: 6131:Visio Corporation 5809:Altamira Software 5740:Microsoft v. Shah 5647:Internet Explorer 5599:Mojave Experiment 5572: 5571: 5521:Xbox Game Studios 5404: 5403: 5374:LinkedIn Learning 5352:Developer Network 5039: 5038: 4918:Padmasree Warrior 4778: 4777: 4739:Windows Installer 4645:Visual SourceSafe 4633: 4632: 4553:Management Studio 4522: 4521: 4367:Windows Installer 4107: 4106: 3880: 3879: 3488:Wide-column store 3483:Document-oriented 3287:, et al. (2007). 2705:978-1-4302-0865-5 2028:978-0-7356-2105-3 1674:Azure Data Studio 1330:Analysis Services 1315:Merge replication 1105:stored procedures 997:stored procedures 956:Sybase SQL Server 863:Buffer management 778:stored procedures 687:Sybase SQL Server 444:, which includes 262:Sybase SQL Server 188: 187: 133:Microsoft Windows 16:(Redirected from 6258: 6203: 6202: 6031:Playground Games 6026:Perceptive Pixel 5981:Mobile Data Labs 5961:Lionhead Studios 5854:Compulsion Games 5772: 5719:FTC v. Microsoft 5549:Microsoft campus 5413: 5048: 4878:John W. Thompson 4841: 4805: 4798: 4791: 4782: 4770: 4769: 4615:Microsoft Access 4531: 4432:Entity Framework 4320: 3957:Tools for Office 3925: 3907: 3900: 3893: 3884: 3870: 3869: 3860: 3859: 3850: 3849: 3824:Relational model 3794:Database storage 3671:Stored procedure 3416: 3409: 3402: 3393: 3363: 3362: 3354: 3353: 3351:Official website 3253: 3252: 3250: 3248: 3238: 3232: 3231: 3229: 3227: 3216: 3210: 3209: 3207: 3205: 3194: 3188: 3187: 3185: 3183: 3172: 3166: 3165: 3163: 3161: 3150: 3144: 3143: 3141: 3139: 3128: 3122: 3121: 3119: 3117: 3107: 3098: 3097: 3095: 3093: 3083: 3077: 3076: 3074: 3072: 3061: 3055: 3054: 3052: 3050: 3040: 3034: 3033: 3031: 3029: 3019: 3013: 3012: 3010: 3008: 2998: 2992: 2991: 2989: 2987: 2978:. Archived from 2972: 2966: 2965: 2963: 2961: 2950: 2944: 2939: 2933: 2928: 2922: 2917: 2911: 2910: 2908: 2906: 2891: 2885: 2884: 2882: 2880: 2870: 2864: 2863: 2861: 2859: 2849: 2843: 2842: 2840: 2838: 2828: 2822: 2821: 2819: 2817: 2807: 2801: 2800: 2798: 2796: 2786: 2780: 2779: 2777: 2775: 2765: 2759: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2744: 2738: 2737: 2735: 2733: 2723: 2717: 2716: 2714: 2712: 2685: 2674: 2673: 2671: 2669: 2659: 2653: 2652: 2650: 2648: 2633: 2627: 2626: 2624: 2622: 2612: 2606: 2605: 2603: 2601: 2591: 2582: 2581: 2579: 2577: 2566: 2560: 2559: 2557: 2555: 2545: 2539: 2538: 2536: 2534: 2524: 2518: 2517: 2515: 2513: 2503: 2497: 2496: 2494: 2492: 2482: 2476: 2475: 2473: 2471: 2461: 2455: 2454: 2452: 2450: 2440: 2434: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2419: 2413: 2408: 2402: 2397: 2391: 2390: 2388: 2386: 2371: 2365: 2364: 2362: 2360: 2345: 2339: 2334: 2328: 2327: 2320: 2311: 2306: 2300: 2299: 2297: 2295: 2279: 2273: 2272: 2270: 2268: 2251: 2245: 2244: 2242: 2240: 2224: 2218: 2217: 2215: 2213: 2197: 2191: 2190: 2188: 2186: 2170: 2164: 2163: 2161: 2159: 2144: 2138: 2137: 2135: 2133: 2123: 2117: 2116: 2114: 2112: 2102: 2096: 2091: 2082: 2081: 2079: 2077: 2066: 2060: 2059: 2057: 2055: 2039: 2033: 2032: 2010: 1987: 1986: 1984: 1982: 1967: 1961: 1960: 1958: 1956: 1942: 1936: 1935: 1933: 1931: 1916: 1910: 1909: 1907: 1905: 1890: 1884: 1883: 1881: 1879: 1864: 1858: 1857: 1855: 1853: 1838: 1832: 1831: 1829: 1827: 1818:. Archived from 1811: 1805: 1800: 1794: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1779: 1602: 1552: 1544: 1528: 1501:data warehousing 1497:data integration 1362:XML for Analysis 1270:stored procedure 1256:service programs 1176: 1172: 971:statement and a 933: 911:mutual exclusion 878:asynchronous I/O 839:computer cluster 799: 795: 791: 767: 656:SQL Server 2000: 607:Personal Edition 602:Microsoft Access 567:data warehousing 531:Embedded Edition 529:SQL Server 2005 508:Compact (SQL CE) 215:concurrent users 207:software product 184: 181: 179: 177: 120:Operating system 95: 93: 92:16 November 2022 88: 84: 63: 61: 56: 35: 21: 6266: 6265: 6261: 6260: 6259: 6257: 6256: 6255: 6216: 6215: 6214: 6209: 6187: 6111:Tellme Networks 6091:Sunrise Atelier 5919:Groove Networks 5787:Access Software 5761: 5683: 5618: 5568: 5564:Microsoft Japan 5559:Microsoft India 5554:Microsoft Egypt 5537: 5506:.NET Foundation 5452: 5400: 5342:Microsoft Learn 5315: 5222: 5216: 5126: 5035: 5019:Employee groups 5014: 4987: 4922: 4883:John W. Stanton 4860: 4832: 4814: 4809: 4779: 4774: 4760: 4756:Microsoft Store 4697: 4683:Script Debugger 4660: 4654: 4629: 4598: 4567: 4518: 4473: 4376: 4350:Managed DirectX 4315: 4309: 4103: 4062:Windows App SDK 3998:Macro Assembler 3961: 3920: 3914: 3911: 3881: 3876: 3838: 3784:Database models 3772: 3741: 3727:Query optimizer 3702:Data dictionary 3685: 3656:Transaction log 3612: 3568:Codd's 12 rules 3541: 3471:Column-oriented 3437:Object-oriented 3425: 3420: 3358: 3357: 3349: 3348: 3345: 3340: 3312:Microsoft Press 3293:Microsoft Press 3271:Microsoft Press 3261: 3259:Further reading 3256: 3246: 3244: 3240: 3239: 3235: 3225: 3223: 3218: 3217: 3213: 3203: 3201: 3196: 3195: 3191: 3181: 3179: 3174: 3173: 3169: 3159: 3157: 3152: 3151: 3147: 3137: 3135: 3130: 3129: 3125: 3115: 3113: 3109: 3108: 3101: 3091: 3089: 3085: 3084: 3080: 3070: 3068: 3063: 3062: 3058: 3048: 3046: 3042: 3041: 3037: 3027: 3025: 3021: 3020: 3016: 3006: 3004: 3000: 2999: 2995: 2985: 2983: 2974: 2973: 2969: 2959: 2957: 2952: 2951: 2947: 2940: 2936: 2929: 2925: 2918: 2914: 2904: 2902: 2893: 2892: 2888: 2878: 2876: 2872: 2871: 2867: 2857: 2855: 2851: 2850: 2846: 2836: 2834: 2830: 2829: 2825: 2815: 2813: 2809: 2808: 2804: 2794: 2792: 2788: 2787: 2783: 2773: 2771: 2767: 2766: 2762: 2752: 2750: 2746: 2745: 2741: 2731: 2729: 2725: 2724: 2720: 2710: 2708: 2706: 2687: 2686: 2677: 2667: 2665: 2661: 2660: 2656: 2646: 2644: 2635: 2634: 2630: 2620: 2618: 2614: 2613: 2609: 2599: 2597: 2593: 2592: 2585: 2575: 2573: 2568: 2567: 2563: 2553: 2551: 2547: 2546: 2542: 2532: 2530: 2526: 2525: 2521: 2511: 2509: 2505: 2504: 2500: 2490: 2488: 2484: 2483: 2479: 2469: 2467: 2463: 2462: 2458: 2448: 2446: 2442: 2441: 2437: 2427: 2425: 2421: 2420: 2416: 2409: 2405: 2398: 2394: 2384: 2382: 2373: 2372: 2368: 2358: 2356: 2347: 2346: 2342: 2335: 2331: 2322: 2321: 2314: 2307: 2303: 2293: 2291: 2281: 2280: 2276: 2266: 2264: 2263:. July 12, 2011 2253: 2252: 2248: 2238: 2236: 2226: 2225: 2221: 2211: 2209: 2199: 2198: 2194: 2184: 2182: 2172: 2171: 2167: 2157: 2155: 2152:SQL Server home 2146: 2145: 2141: 2131: 2129: 2125: 2124: 2120: 2110: 2108: 2104: 2103: 2099: 2092: 2085: 2075: 2073: 2072:. Microsoft.com 2068: 2067: 2063: 2053: 2051: 2041: 2040: 2036: 2029: 2019:Microsoft Press 2012: 2011: 1990: 1980: 1978: 1969: 1968: 1964: 1954: 1952: 1944: 1943: 1939: 1929: 1927: 1918: 1917: 1913: 1903: 1901: 1900:. April 6, 2022 1892: 1891: 1887: 1877: 1875: 1866: 1865: 1861: 1851: 1849: 1840: 1839: 1835: 1825: 1823: 1822:on May 30, 2012 1813: 1812: 1808: 1801: 1797: 1787: 1785: 1781: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1740: 1697: 1691: 1676: 1648: 1642: 1619: 1613: 1600: 1592: 1550: 1542: 1526: 1514: 1485: 1479: 1470: 1464: 1400: 1394: 1386:neural networks 1338: 1332: 1301: 1238:message queuing 1230: 1209: 1197:Windows Service 1192: 1174: 1170: 1164:like any other 1138:is compiled to 1089: 1083: 1044: 1016: 1010: 985:database schema 940: 931: 894: 865: 831:allocation unit 797: 793: 789: 765: 726:primitive types 711: 679: 650: 583: 526:Embedded (SSEE) 513:compact edition 503:Microsoft Azure 478:Microsoft Azure 459: 385:and address 12 375: 367: 354:SQL Server 2022 351:SQL Server 2019 348:SQL Server 2017 345:SQL Server 2016 342:SQL Server 2014 336: 257: 235:server for the 229: 223: 203:database server 174: 96: 91: 89: 86: 59: 57: 54: 50:Initial release 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6264: 6262: 6254: 6253: 6248: 6243: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6218: 6217: 6211: 6210: 6208: 6207: 6196: 6193: 6192: 6189: 6188: 6186: 6185: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6169: 6168: 6158: 6153: 6151:WebTV Networks 6148: 6143: 6138: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6098: 6093: 6088: 6083: 6078: 6076:Secure Islands 6073: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6021:Pando Networks 6018: 6013: 6008: 6003: 5998: 5993: 5988: 5986:Mojang Studios 5983: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5933: 5926: 5921: 5916: 5911: 5906: 5901: 5896: 5891: 5886: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5836: 5831: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5805: 5804: 5794: 5789: 5784: 5778: 5776: 5769: 5763: 5762: 5760: 5759: 5751: 5743: 5736: 5729: 5722: 5715: 5708: 5701: 5693: 5691: 5685: 5684: 5682: 5681: 5680: 5679: 5674: 5669: 5659: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5634: 5628: 5626: 5620: 5619: 5617: 5616: 5609: 5602: 5595: 5588: 5580: 5578: 5574: 5573: 5570: 5569: 5567: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5545: 5543: 5539: 5538: 5536: 5535: 5534: 5533: 5528: 5523: 5513: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5478: 5477: 5476: 5471: 5460: 5458: 5454: 5453: 5451: 5450: 5445: 5440: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5419: 5417: 5410: 5406: 5405: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5377: 5376: 5366: 5361: 5360: 5359: 5354: 5349: 5339: 5334: 5329: 5323: 5321: 5320:Web properties 5317: 5316: 5314: 5313: 5306: 5299: 5294: 5289: 5284: 5279: 5274: 5269: 5264: 5259: 5254: 5253: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5226: 5224: 5218: 5217: 5215: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5194: 5189: 5184: 5179: 5177:Power Platform 5174: 5169: 5168: 5167: 5162: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5136: 5134: 5128: 5127: 5125: 5124: 5119: 5118: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5056: 5054: 5045: 5041: 5040: 5037: 5036: 5034: 5033: 5028: 5022: 5020: 5016: 5015: 5013: 5012: 5007: 5004:Richard Rashid 5001: 4995: 4993: 4989: 4988: 4986: 4985: 4982:Kathleen Hogan 4979: 4974: 4969: 4963: 4957: 4951: 4945: 4940: 4937: 4930: 4928: 4924: 4923: 4921: 4920: 4915: 4910: 4908:Charles Scharf 4905: 4900: 4898:Penny Pritzker 4895: 4893:Sandi Peterson 4890: 4885: 4880: 4875: 4868: 4866: 4862: 4861: 4859: 4858: 4853: 4847: 4845: 4838: 4834: 4833: 4831: 4830: 4825: 4819: 4816: 4815: 4810: 4808: 4807: 4800: 4793: 4785: 4776: 4775: 4765: 4762: 4761: 4759: 4758: 4753: 4748: 4747: 4746: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4716: 4711: 4705: 4703: 4699: 4698: 4696: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4664: 4662: 4656: 4655: 4653: 4652: 4647: 4641: 4639: 4638:Source control 4635: 4634: 4631: 4630: 4628: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4612: 4606: 4604: 4600: 4599: 4597: 4596: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4575: 4573: 4569: 4568: 4566: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4539: 4537: 4528: 4524: 4523: 4520: 4519: 4517: 4516: 4511: 4506: 4505: 4504: 4499: 4489: 4483: 4481: 4479:Device drivers 4475: 4474: 4472: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4451: 4446: 4441: 4436: 4435: 4434: 4424: 4423: 4422: 4417: 4412: 4407: 4402: 4397: 4386: 4384: 4378: 4377: 4375: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4353: 4352: 4342: 4337: 4332: 4326: 4324: 4317: 4311: 4310: 4308: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4285:Project Verona 4282: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4262: 4257: 4252: 4251: 4250: 4245: 4235: 4234: 4233: 4228: 4218: 4213: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4193: 4188: 4183: 4182: 4181: 4176: 4171: 4166: 4156: 4151: 4150: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4126: 4121: 4115: 4113: 4109: 4108: 4105: 4104: 4102: 4101: 4100: 4099: 4094: 4089: 4084: 4079: 4069: 4064: 4059: 4054: 4049: 4048: 4047: 4037: 4032: 4027: 4022: 4021: 4020: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3995: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3978:Expression Web 3975: 3969: 3967: 3963: 3962: 3960: 3959: 3954: 3949: 3944: 3939: 3933: 3931: 3922: 3916: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3909: 3902: 3895: 3887: 3878: 3877: 3875: 3874: 3864: 3854: 3843: 3840: 3839: 3837: 3836: 3831: 3826: 3821: 3816: 3811: 3806: 3801: 3796: 3791: 3786: 3780: 3778: 3777:Related topics 3774: 3773: 3771: 3770: 3765: 3760: 3755: 3753:Administration 3749: 3747: 3743: 3742: 3740: 3739: 3734: 3729: 3724: 3722:Query language 3719: 3714: 3709: 3704: 3699: 3693: 3691: 3687: 3686: 3684: 3683: 3678: 3673: 3668: 3663: 3658: 3653: 3648: 3643: 3642: 3641: 3636: 3631: 3620: 3618: 3614: 3613: 3611: 3610: 3605: 3600: 3595: 3590: 3585: 3580: 3575: 3570: 3565: 3560: 3555: 3549: 3547: 3543: 3542: 3540: 3539: 3534: 3529: 3528: 3527: 3517: 3516: 3515: 3505: 3500: 3495: 3490: 3485: 3480: 3479: 3478: 3468: 3463: 3462: 3461: 3456: 3446: 3445: 3444: 3433: 3431: 3427: 3426: 3421: 3419: 3418: 3411: 3404: 3396: 3390: 3389: 3384: 3379: 3374: 3369: 3364: 3355: 3344: 3343:External links 3341: 3339: 3338: 3323: 3304: 3285:Delaney, Kalen 3282: 3262: 3260: 3257: 3255: 3254: 3233: 3211: 3189: 3167: 3145: 3123: 3099: 3078: 3056: 3035: 3014: 2993: 2967: 2945: 2934: 2923: 2912: 2886: 2865: 2844: 2823: 2802: 2781: 2760: 2739: 2718: 2704: 2675: 2654: 2628: 2607: 2583: 2561: 2540: 2519: 2498: 2477: 2456: 2435: 2414: 2403: 2392: 2366: 2340: 2329: 2312: 2301: 2274: 2260:Microsoft Docs 2246: 2233:Microsoft Docs 2230:. SQL Server. 2219: 2192: 2165: 2139: 2118: 2097: 2083: 2061: 2034: 2027: 1988: 1962: 1937: 1911: 1898:microsoft.com/ 1885: 1859: 1833: 1806: 1795: 1773: 1771: 1768: 1767: 1766: 1761: 1756: 1751: 1746: 1739: 1736: 1702:(BIDS) is the 1693:Main article: 1690: 1687: 1675: 1672: 1644:Main article: 1641: 1638: 1615:Main article: 1612: 1609: 1591: 1588: 1576:inverted index 1559:Microsoft Word 1513: 1510: 1481:Main article: 1478: 1475: 1466:Main article: 1463: 1460: 1420:Report Builder 1396:Main article: 1393: 1390: 1384:analysis, and 1374:Decision trees 1334:Main article: 1331: 1328: 1327: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1316: 1313: 1309: 1300: 1297: 1261: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1248: 1229: 1228:Service Broker 1226: 1208: 1205: 1191: 1188: 1152:user interface 1140:CLI assemblies 1097:.NET Framework 1085:Main article: 1082: 1079: 1077:was released. 1043: 1040: 1012:Main article: 1009: 1006: 939: 936: 893: 890: 874:Buffer Manager 864: 861: 710: 707: 678: 675: 674: 673: 672: 671: 668: 664: 658: 657: 649: 646: 645: 644: 637: 634: 631: 628: 625: 619: 615: 612: 608: 605: 597: 592: 589: 582: 579: 578: 577: 573: 570: 559: 556: 553: 550: 547: 544: 537: 534: 527: 524: 520: 517: 509: 506: 484: 481: 463: 458: 455: 454: 453: 430: 427: 424: 421: 414: 411: 400: 397: 393: 390: 379: 374: 371: 366: 363: 356: 355: 352: 349: 346: 343: 335: 332: 331: 330: 327: 326:installations. 323: 304: 301: 298: 295: 284: 277: 256: 253: 225:Main article: 222: 219: 186: 185: 172: 168: 167: 162: 156: 155: 150: 144: 143: 140: 136: 135: 122: 116: 115: 106: 102: 101: 98: 97: 78: 76: 74:Stable release 70: 69: 66: 65: 51: 47: 46: 41: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6263: 6252: 6249: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6223: 6221: 6206: 6198: 6197: 6194: 6184: 6183:ZeniMax Media 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6167: 6164: 6163: 6162: 6159: 6157: 6154: 6152: 6149: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5946:Jellyfish.com 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5931: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5920: 5917: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5835: 5832: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5803: 5800: 5799: 5798: 5795: 5793: 5790: 5788: 5785: 5783: 5782:6Wunderkinder 5780: 5779: 5777: 5773: 5770: 5768: 5764: 5757: 5756: 5752: 5749: 5748: 5744: 5742: 5741: 5737: 5735: 5734: 5730: 5728: 5727: 5723: 5721: 5720: 5716: 5714: 5713: 5709: 5707: 5706: 5702: 5700: 5699: 5695: 5694: 5692: 5690: 5686: 5678: 5675: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5664: 5663: 5660: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5652:Microsoft Bob 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5629: 5627: 5625: 5621: 5614: 5610: 5607: 5603: 5600: 5596: 5593: 5589: 5586: 5582: 5581: 5579: 5575: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5546: 5544: 5540: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5526:ZeniMax Media 5524: 5522: 5519: 5518: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5501:Retail stores 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5466: 5465: 5462: 5461: 5459: 5455: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5441: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5431: 5429: 5426: 5424: 5421: 5420: 5418: 5414: 5411: 5407: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5375: 5372: 5371: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5358: 5355: 5353: 5350: 5348: 5345: 5344: 5343: 5340: 5338: 5335: 5333: 5330: 5328: 5325: 5324: 5322: 5318: 5312: 5311: 5307: 5305: 5304: 5300: 5298: 5295: 5293: 5290: 5288: 5285: 5283: 5280: 5278: 5275: 5273: 5270: 5268: 5265: 5263: 5260: 5258: 5255: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5232: 5231: 5228: 5227: 5225: 5219: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5198: 5197:Visual Studio 5195: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5157: 5156: 5155:Microsoft 365 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5137: 5135: 5133: 5129: 5123: 5120: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5077: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5057: 5055: 5053: 5049: 5046: 5042: 5032: 5029: 5027: 5024: 5023: 5021: 5017: 5011: 5010:César Cernuda 5008: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4996: 4994: 4992:Corporate VPs 4990: 4983: 4980: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4967: 4964: 4961: 4958: 4955: 4952: 4949: 4946: 4944: 4943:Scott Guthrie 4941: 4938: 4935: 4934:Satya Nadella 4932: 4931: 4929: 4925: 4919: 4916: 4914: 4913:Emma Walmsley 4911: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4873: 4872:Satya Nadella 4870: 4869: 4867: 4863: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4848: 4846: 4842: 4839: 4835: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4820: 4817: 4813: 4806: 4801: 4799: 4794: 4792: 4787: 4786: 4783: 4773: 4763: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4745: 4742: 4741: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4720: 4717: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4706: 4704: 4700: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4665: 4663: 4657: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4642: 4640: 4636: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4610:Visual FoxPro 4608: 4607: 4605: 4601: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4587: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4576: 4574: 4570: 4564: 4561: 4559: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4540: 4538: 4536: 4532: 4529: 4525: 4515: 4512: 4510: 4507: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4494: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4484: 4482: 4480: 4476: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4433: 4430: 4429: 4428: 4425: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4411: 4408: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4398: 4396: 4393: 4392: 4391: 4388: 4387: 4385: 4383: 4379: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4351: 4348: 4347: 4346: 4343: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4327: 4325: 4321: 4318: 4312: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4249: 4246: 4244: 4241: 4240: 4239: 4236: 4232: 4229: 4227: 4224: 4223: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4216:Visual FoxPro 4214: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4170: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4161: 4160: 4157: 4155: 4152: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4129: 4128:Visual Basic 4127: 4125: 4122: 4120: 4117: 4116: 4114: 4110: 4098: 4095: 4093: 4090: 4088: 4085: 4083: 4080: 4078: 4075: 4074: 4073: 4070: 4068: 4065: 4063: 4060: 4058: 4055: 4053: 4050: 4046: 4043: 4042: 4041: 4038: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4019: 4016: 4015: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3970: 3968: 3964: 3958: 3955: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3945: 3943: 3940: 3938: 3935: 3934: 3932: 3930: 3929:Visual Studio 3926: 3923: 3917: 3908: 3903: 3901: 3896: 3894: 3889: 3888: 3885: 3873: 3865: 3863: 3855: 3853: 3845: 3844: 3841: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3812: 3810: 3807: 3805: 3802: 3800: 3797: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3787: 3785: 3782: 3781: 3779: 3775: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3750: 3748: 3744: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3728: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3718: 3715: 3713: 3710: 3708: 3705: 3703: 3700: 3698: 3695: 3694: 3692: 3688: 3682: 3679: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3659: 3657: 3654: 3652: 3649: 3647: 3644: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3626: 3625: 3622: 3621: 3619: 3615: 3609: 3606: 3604: 3603:Surrogate key 3601: 3599: 3596: 3594: 3591: 3589: 3588:Candidate key 3586: 3584: 3581: 3579: 3576: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3550: 3548: 3544: 3538: 3535: 3533: 3530: 3526: 3523: 3522: 3521: 3518: 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