Missing white woman syndrome

2095:, that were named for white women who disappeared and were subsequently found harmed. In addition to race and class, factors such as supposed attractiveness, body size, and youthfulness have been identified as unfair criteria in the determination of newsworthiness in coverage of missing women. News coverage of missing black women was more likely to focus on the victim's problems, such as abusive boyfriends, criminal history, or drug addiction, while coverage of white women often tended to focus on their roles as mothers, daughters, students, and contributors to their communities. 4619:, p. 85: "As Table 2 illustrates, missing Black girls and women accounted for 19.59% of news stories in the research sample even though they are estimated to account for 33.84% of missing persons. This disparity of more than 14 percentage points demonstrates that the media continue to underreport stories about missing Black women and girls. Conversely, missing White girls and women are overrepresented in news stories by 8.81%, and missing women and girls from other racial backgrounds are similarly overrepresented by 8.63%." 4007:, p. 85: "As Table 2 illustrates, missing black girls and women accounted for 19.59% of news stories in the research sample even though they are estimated to account for 33.84% of missing persons. This disparity of more than 14 percentage points demonstrates that the media continue to underreport stories about missing black women and girls. Conversely, missing white girls and women are overrepresented in news stories by 8.81%, and missing women and girls from other racial backgrounds are similarly overrepresented by 8.63%." 2463:, initially received little news coverage, with reports initially concentrating upon street crime levels and community policing in London, and largely ignoring the victim. Even when Damilola's father flew into the UK from Nigeria to make press statements and television appearances, the level of public outcry did not, Jewkes asserts, reach "the near hysterical outpourings of anger and sadness that accompanied the deaths of Sarah, Milly, Holly, and Jessica". According to 2055:. Supporters of the phenomenon posit that it encompasses supposed disproportionate media attention to females who are young, attractive, white, and upper middle class. Although the term was coined in the context of missing-person cases, it is sometimes used of coverage of other violent crimes. The phenomenon has been highlighted in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and other predominantly white countries, as well as South Africa. 53: 2204:, published a study explaining that while there is a sizable body of research that shows that white people are more likely than people of color to appear in news coverage as victims of violent crime, there is relatively little when it comes to missing persons cases. Sommers cross-referenced the missing persons coverage of four national and regional media outlets against the 2235:, with missing white woman syndrome argued to be a pertinent manifestation of this social phenomenon. Some sociologists have argued that the tone of media coverage for black female victims differs markedly from coverage of white female victims in that the former are more likely to be blamed for purportedly putting themselves in harm's way, either knowingly or unknowingly. 2357:. For the 80,442 active missing person files at end-of-year, 48,710 (or approximately 60.6%) were white or Hispanic, 28,201 (or approximately 35.1%) were black, 2,035 (or approximately 2.5%) were Asian, and 1,496 (or approximately 1.9%) were Native American, while 44,048 (or approximately 54.8%) were male and 20,990 (or approximately 26.1%) were white or Hispanic women. 2208:'s missing persons database and found that black people were disproportionately less likely to appear in the news when compared to their rates of missingness; he also found that among those missing persons who appeared in the news, the coverage was much more intense (i.e., more articles were written) for white women and girls than other demographic groups. 2392:

Urban Indian Health Institute published a study in 2020, led by professor Emily A. Grant, which found marked differences in news coverage of missing and murdered Native Americans compared to coverage of white people who were murdered or missing. Missing Native Americans in Wyoming were less likely to

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In 2015, a report was published that re-examined the results from Min and Feaster's 2010 study about media coverage of missing children and confirmed that the media coverage of white missing persons was disproportionate compared to non-whites, but found that the coverage of females was not as biased

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Critics have also cited excessive media coverage of murder trials where the defendant is female, white, young and attractive, and included them along with missing white woman syndrome instances in an all-encompassing narrative nicknamed the "woman in jeopardy" or "damsel in distress" genre. In such

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and was presumed to have been abducted. The story about the "blonde angel" and the search for her biological parents received international media coverage. A Romani rights activist commented on the case to say "imagine if the situation were reversed and the children were brown and the parents were

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and estranged parents. Another explanation for the difference in the coverage has been given: the eroticisation of the victim by news reports about a sexual relationship between Jones and her murderer, her uncle. A 2023 report by Missing People said cases of missing Black and Asian people are less

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p.82: "Despite the popularity of the term 'Missing White Woman Syndrome', few empirical studies have examined the phenomenon in depth... Despite differences in methodologies, media formats, and sampling frames, there were some common findings across studies focused on media portrayals of missing

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Several laws have been created in the aftermath of disappearance cases, and are sometimes informally named after the missing person. Commentators have observed that disappearances of white women give rise to such laws more often than missing non-white women or missing men. Such laws in the United

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According to a 2019 study, missing person cases involving both white women and white men received more media attention than those involving black women and men. However, the authors also reported that non-black women of color (such as Asian and Latina women) were just as over-represented as white

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observed that white women of lower social status, such as Whitton, a 26-year-old unemployed drug addict who was on parole, do not get much media attention, as "media outlets are ruthlessly selective, and they tend to prefer women who are white, pretty, and, above all, innocent". Her mother stated

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There is no polite way to say it, and it is a fact of television news. Media and social critics call the wall-to-wall coverage that seems to swirl around these events, 'Missing White Woman Syndrome'. That was the phrase invoked by Sheri Parks, a professor of American studies at the University of

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A 2010 study of news coverage of missing children found that black missing children cases were significantly underrepresented, when compared to national statistics. Missing black girls were significantly underrepresented in national news reporting. The coverage of death cases for black boys was

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Despite the popularity of the term "missing white woman syndrome," there have been few empirical studies examining the subject. According to a single 2019 study, gender was a significant factor in media coverage of missing person cases. The study found that female victims receive more coverage

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be profiled in media unless they were found dead compared to being profiled while still missing; news stories tended to feature more negative information about the lives of Native Americans; and such articles were less likely to feature a photo of the missing person if they were Indigenous.

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A 2013 study that addressed media coverage of missing children, focusing on sex, but not race, found that "the results revealed that gender and age play only a minor role in deciding which abduction incidents are covered by newspapers, as well as the extent to which they are reported on.

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The following missing-person cases have been cited as instances of missing-white-woman syndrome by media commentators. The commentators stated that these missing persons garnered a disproportionate level of media coverage relative to non-white, or less-wealthy, or male missing persons.

3334:. She was feared abducted; shortly after, her body was found in a drain near her home a week later. It was determined that she was the victim of accidental drowning, after wandering off from her mother's side while she was carrying out household chores. Tim Hulme, writing for 1015: 4307:: Natalee Holloway, Lori Hacking, Taylor Biehl, the list goes on and on. When pretty white females are killed or disappear, media storms follow. So much so that critics have coined a phrase for it. : Like everybody else, I call it the missing white woman syndrome. 3022:

A 27-year-old pregnant woman murdered by her husband Scott Peterson. The case led to the implementation of "Laci and Connor's Law", which defines violence against a pregnant woman as violence against two separate legal subjects (the mother and the unborn child).

2514:; two South African models, respectively white and black, who had been murdered by their boyfriends under nearly identical circumstances. Memela asserted that the discrepancy between the media coverage of the Steenkamp and Khumala murders amounted to " 2542: 3995:

persons. Across gender, missing White people received more media coverage than missing people from racial minority backgrounds, and missing White people's stories were more likely to receive repeated attention (Jeanis & Powers, 2017)."

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on March 23, 2003, with Piestewa being killed, and Lynch and Johnson being injured and taken prisoner. Lynch, a young, blonde white woman, received far more media coverage than Johnson, a black single mother, and Piestewa, an Indigenous

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studied media coverage and found "disparities in coverage were seen based on race and age. In addition, the narratives of the reports were framed as cautionary tales, and victims were seen as active participants in their disappearance."

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in the United States ranged from 98.1:100 to 98.2:100. Only 13 states require that local police departments enter missing or unidentified person files into the National Missing and Unidentified Persons System. Additionally, in its 2019

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cases, the media will focus on the accused, rather than the victim as in Missing White Woman Syndrome cases, and they will be more ambiguous about their guilt than in other criminal cases regardless of evidence. Cited examples include

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Specifically, newspapers dedicated more words to female victims than male victims, and reported more on younger children (aged 11 and under) than older children (aged 12 and over) when they were the victim of a nonfamily abduction."

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in this context reinforces the notion that black female victims are not only less innocent, but also less worthy of rescue relative to white women. Other observers note the lack of publicity given to black female victims of

5144: 2455:, and the Soham murders as examples of "eminently newsworthy stories" about girls from "respectable" middle-class families and backgrounds whose parents used the news media effectively. She writes that, in contrast, the 981: 3981: 5346: 2332:

files (which included 543,018 and 8,284 files respectively for the year), the FBI found that of the missing person files for whom the person's race and sex were known, 321,830 (or approximately 61.3%) were

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in media cases. Analysis has also found that missing women are twelve times more likely than missing men to receive attention in Louisiana, despite men and women going missing at similar rates nationally.

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A 2-year-old girl reported missing in Florida by her grandmother after 31 days. After her mother was controversially acquitted of her murder, several American states passed or proposed versions of "

7117: 7127: 7122: 4898:"Missing And murdered Indigenous People: Statewide Report Wyoming", Emily A. Grant, PhD., Associate Research Scientist, University of Wyoming. Published by Wyoming Urban Indian Health Institute. 2593:

Donald Walters who actually fought until the very end. The bottom line is the American people are capable of determining their own ideals of heroes and they don't need to be told elaborate tales.

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for whom their race was known were black and that 78.3% for whom their sex was known were male, while approximately 14% of the U.S. population as a whole was black in the Census Bureau's 2019

2518:" within South African society, and stated: "As a country we seem to have chosen to ignore the agony, pain and suffering of the Khumalo family for no other reason than that they are black." 6217: 5626: 2478:(both were white). It was suggested that Jones received more coverage than Williams because Jones was a middle-class schoolgirl, whilst Williams was from a working-class background with a 2585:

I am still confused as to why they chose to lie and tried to make me a legend when the real heroics of my fellow soldiers that day were, in fact, legendary. People like Lori Piestewa and

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defined the syndrome as "white women occupying a privileged role as violent crime victims in news media reporting", and posited that missing white woman syndrome functions as a type of

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journalism conference in 2004. At the conference, she said: "I call it the missing white woman search syndrome. If there is a missing white woman we're going to cover that every day."

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with whites at the top. For example, black women are perceived as members of both a marginalized racial group and a marginalized sex group. Crucially, though, black women have an "

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single mother from an impoverished background, with media critics suggesting that the media gave more attention to the woman with whom audiences supposedly more readily identify.

2079:) are just as over-represented as white women in news coverage, suggesting that the misnomer of "missing white woman syndrome" is rather a function of the under-representation of 5708: 3062: 2433:

with the murder of the male Asian builders' merchant Balbir Matharu. He said "murders in minority communities do not seem to interest the mainstream media". He said that the

741: 6235: 4714: 3779:"The Newsworthiness and Selection Bias in News About Murder: Comparative and Relative Effects of Novelty and Race and Gender Typifications on Newspaper Coverage of Homicide" 2525:

aired an investigative report which raised concerns around the "Missing White Woman Syndrome"; where the death of Steenkamp was juxtaposed with the death of Zanele Khumalo.

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An 8-year-old girl who was abducted from a cornfield while playing with her siblings. Her death led to the government allowing limited access to the sex offender registry.

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A 16-year-old girl who disappeared after being dropped off at her lifeguarding job. Her remains were not found for three years, despite extensive searching and publicity.

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women who go missing in Canada receive 27 times less news coverage than white women; they also receive "dispassionate and less-detailed, headlines, articles, and images".

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women in news coverage of missing persons, suggesting that "missing white woman syndrome" is mainly a function of the under-representation of black women in media cases.

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Taylor J, Boisvert D, Sims B, Garver C. An examination of gender and age in print media accounts of child abductions. Criminal Justice Studies. 2013 Jun 1;26(2):151–67.

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A 16-year-old California high school student who was kidnapped by a family friend after cheerleading practice. She was found in Idaho after a weeklong national search.

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who disappeared while on assignment. Salacious details of the case were printed in the national media. Her murderer was convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment.

5585: 3845: 2231:". In other words, like white women, black women are subject to sexism, but the form of that sexism differs for black women because of the compounding effects of 605: 7160: 5300: 4515: 2496: 2293:: "The pattern of choosing only young, white, middle-class women for the full damsel treatment says a lot about a nation that likes to believe it has consigned 5429: 2364:(or 80.3% combined), while blacks accounted for 12.4%, Asians accounted for 6%, and Native Americans accounted for 1.1%. In its 2020 Demographic Analysis, the 4843: 4487: 3934: 3881: 1261: 7107: 2942:

A 13-year-old girl who disappeared after school. Her remains were found after an extensive six-month search, and the case played a significant role in the

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significantly greater than expected. Coverage of non-black female kidnapping cases was greater than expected. A subsequent study found that children from

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overall, and national and out-of-state attention is even more skewed towards representing women. The 2019 study also found missing person cases involving

515: 5852: 5192: 4133:"African American Women as Victims of Violence – How do news stories affect our perception of crimes against women from different racial backgrounds?" 4087: 3080:

An 11-year-old girl who was kidnapped from a car wash and later murdered. The surveillance video showing the kidnapping gained nationwide attention.

2353:, while 264,760 (or approximately 50.5%) were male, 159,029 (or approximately 30.3%) were white or Hispanic women, and the only racial category with 6414: 3712: 2943: 442: 330: 3454:

A 34-year-old woman from California whose disappearance became a national news story. Later, she was arrested and accused of faking her abduction.

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Lynch herself leveled harsh criticism at this disproportionate coverage that focused only on her, stating in a congressional testimony before the

5634: 1996: 697: 452: 270: 255: 250: 80: 4633: 4580:"Newsworthiness of Missing Persons Cases: An Analysis of Selection Bias, Disparities in Coverage, and the Narrative Framework of News Reports" 7202: 6604: 5961: 5834: 5797: 4088:"Racial Politics in the US and the Figure of the White Lady. One way to understand the senseless killings of Black men is through the 'lady'" 4038: 3911: 2354: 2350: 520: 235: 6388: 4687: 3817: 2020: 1037: 335: 139: 6358: 3957: 2533:

Social scientists have reported biases in media coverage for other situations that involve white women, but are not missing-person cases.

6155: 6050: 3300:. Her disappearance was nationally reported, despite extensive searches and the conviction of her killer, her body has never been found. 7177: 4666: 4247:

Charlton McIlwain, professor New York University: White women occupy a privileged role as violent crime victims in news media reporting.

3982:"Media Messages Surrounding Missing Women and Girls: The "Missing White Woman Syndrome" and Other Factors that Influence Newsworthiness" 2170: 1697: 1353: 1266: 1157: 824: 642: 260: 245: 5666: 5324: 4114:"The Invisible Damsel: Differences in How National Media Outlets Framed the Coverage of Missing Black and White Women in the Mid-2000s" 4209: 4183: 2828: 2827:, and as of 2023, remains missing. Her disappearance, just 3 weeks after her 18th birthday, helped to establish Kristen's Law and the 2818: 2252: 1251: 724: 5760: 5224: 4787: 3138:

A 9-year-old girl abducted from her home and later murdered. Her death led to more restrictive monitoring of sex offenders, known as

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student who was kidnapped and murdered by an acquaintance. Her remains were found approximately five weeks after her disappearance.

3247: 3180:, the coverage contributed to the term "missing white woman syndrome" being brought into greater public awareness. She was declared 3167: 3093:

A 20-year-old college student who was found alive after an extensive search; it was later revealed she had fabricated the incident.

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white". The child was later identified as Maria Ruseva. Her biological mother was a Bulgarian Roma who gave Maria up for adoption.

2328:(FBI) saw an annual average of 664,776 missing person files entered into its database. In its 2020 compilation of NCIC missing and 6434: 6031: 5113: 3707: 7275: 6876: 6693: 6597: 6199: 5374: 3876: 3213: 3200: 2273: 1650: 1479: 1373: 829: 719: 6012: 4920: 4794: 4739: 4691: 3708:"Missing White Woman Syndrome: An Empirical Analysis of Race and Gender Disparities in Online News Coverage of Missing Persons" 3369: 2325: 2205: 2013: 1226: 736: 490: 275: 6488: 6109: 5607: 495: 3375: 345: 6132: 5914: 5734: 4817: 5310: 7270: 3449: 3388: 2803: 2338: 2076: 1927: 1635: 325: 6918: 7212: 7112: 6181: 5891: 4064:

The Cultural Complex of Innocence : an Examination of Media and Social Construction of Missing White Woman Syndrome

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A 19-year-old student who was abducted and murdered. Her murderer revealed the location of her body and was convicted.

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theorised that the subtle standard of placing a premium on white lives in the news helps to maintain and reinforce a

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in 2006 noted the differences in the level of media coverage given to missing white women (such as Laci Peterson and

6449:"Amid Search For Gabrielle Petito, Imagine If Mainstream Media Covered Missing Black Women And Girls As Extensively" 5433: 4132: 3340:, surmised that age was a much greater factor than race or class in the extensive media coverage the case garnered. 2437:, a 10-year-old black boy, was clearly an exception to this. He said he had been surprised at how much coverage the 7058: 6448: 3181: 3133: 3103: 2922: 2662: 2418: 2378: 2166: 1947: 709: 380: 85: 7300: 7290: 7172: 6533:

Note: The United States Census Bureau has estimated that the U.S. population has been majority female since 1946.

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A 3-year-old girl who disappeared from her parents' hotel room during a family holiday in Portugal. Described by

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In comparison, whites and Hispanics accounted for 61.6% and 18.7% respectively of the U.S. population in the

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categorized the racial component of missing white woman syndrome as a "form of racial grammar, through which

7305: 7285: 7197: 6645: 6464:"Community calls for more media coverage over Mariama Kallon, 13, as teenager is still missing after a week" 6359:"We've all had the chance to mourn Grace Millane, but the court denies this other slain woman that humanity" 5456: 4265: 4261:"Eerily similar case languishes in obscurity; Torso of missing pregnant mom was found in S.F. Bay last year" 3958:"We've all had the chance to mourn Grace Millane, but the court denies this other slain woman that humanity" 3633: 3614: 3552: 3525: 3502: 3432: 3403: 3268: 3017: 2886: 2784: 2709: 2670: 2444: 2406: 2283: 2201: 2151: 1843: 1823: 1677: 1667: 1625: 1241: 1082: 936: 906: 901: 881: 851: 786: 771: 704: 677: 662: 36: 6081: 4260: 7187: 7050: 6978: 6943: 6655: 4913:"Invisible Victims: Disparity in Print-News Media Coverage of Missing/Murdered Aboriginal and White Women" 4763:"How the missing become the uncounted: Inside the government's flawed approach to finding missing persons" 3627: 3409: 3118: 2937: 2824: 2646: 2448: 1942: 1915: 1905: 1363: 1343: 1206: 1077: 966: 916: 886: 866: 801: 781: 756: 751: 746: 657: 620: 593: 569: 564: 134: 124: 6583: 5560: 5534: 5482: 5279: 4321:"Missing Children in National News Coverage: Racial and Gender Representations of Missing Children Cases" 3492:

home of her parents, both of whom were killed during the incident. She escaped her captor 88 days later.

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and media commentators to denote perceived disproportionate media coverage, especially on television, of

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Liebler, Carol M. (2010). "Me(di)a Culpa?: The "missing White Woman Syndrome" and Media Self-Critique".

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and the Census Bureau estimated that the U.S. population retained the female majority in its sex ratio.

2374: 2329: 2232: 2212: 2122: 1910: 1870: 1803: 1692: 1640: 1559: 1308: 1072: 976: 951: 946: 931: 926: 921: 861: 816: 776: 682: 652: 547: 144: 5586:"The Kristin Smart Campus Safety Act: What It Is, Why It's Important, and a Missing Student Remembered" 5169: 3359:. Her remains were found in September 2014. Two men have been charged with her murder and kidnapping. 7167: 7070: 6973: 6908: 6817: 6812: 6708: 6650: 6635: 5886: 4579: 4378: 3654: 3422: 3350: 3056: 2841: 2515: 2426: 1781: 1293: 1167: 876: 841: 791: 766: 579: 542: 265: 119: 4445: 4432: 3061:

A 22-year-old student who was found murdered. Her murderer was convicted, and the case prompted the

2793:. Her disappearance resulted in state legislation, including the Kristin Smart Campus Security Act. 2511: 7280: 7080: 7010: 5985: 5920: 5351: 4821: 3850: 3254: 3043: 3039: 2768: 2751: 2289: 2130: 1957: 1818: 1437: 1333: 1313: 1102: 1010: 961: 941: 911: 811: 598: 405: 4551: 7155: 6893: 6871: 6866: 6784: 6779: 6735: 5801: 4556: 4340: 3798: 3591: 3530:

A 33-year-old white British middle-class woman who disappeared after leaving a friend's house in

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as "the most heavily reported missing-person case in modern history". The case remains unsolved.

3152: 2714: 2268: 2256: 1722: 1717: 1707: 1655: 1645: 1620: 1554: 1512: 1422: 1417: 1412: 1318: 610: 6281:"Jayme Closs has been found, but nearly 50 other children missing from Wisconsin need your help" 2506:

that there existed substantial differences between how media outlets reported on the murders of

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article about the lack of coverage around Athena Curry's disappearance, missing since May 2011.

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in its reporting of murders. He contrasted the reporting of the death of the male white lawyer

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A 34-year-old kindergarten teacher from a upper-class family who disappeared while jogging in

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In October 2013, a girl estimated to be about four years of age was found in the custody of a

2342: 2220: 2114: 2108: 1989: 1900: 1828: 1813: 1596: 1539: 1338: 1246: 1137: 1057: 896: 174: 6435:"To make a difference after Sarah Everard's death, you must stand up for women of colour too" 6280: 6015:[Where is Marta del Castillo? What the new Netflix documentary series doesn't tell]. 5824: 4294: 3901: 7097: 6993: 6983: 6750: 6667: 6559: 6236:"Mollie Tibbetts gets far more coverage than other missing persons. Is media bias to blame?" 5305: 5080: 4996: 4591: 4457: 4404: 4386: 4332: 4116:. Conference Papers – International Communication Association. pp. 1–23. Archived from 4026: 3790: 3751: 3314: 3139: 2658: 2558: 2241: 2216: 2185:, especially black children, were more likely to remain missing for longer periods of time. 2118: 1952: 1937: 1865: 1786: 1756: 1571: 1407: 1107: 672: 667: 510: 400: 3515:

just over one week after she went missing. A man was subsequently convicted of her murder.

3277:", making it a felony for parents to fail to report their children missing to authorities. 2470:

Two cases of missing white girl syndrome that have been given as contrasting examples: the

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Jones, Nicholas; Marks, Rachel; Ramirez, Roberto; Ríos-Vargas, Merarys (August 12, 2021).

4117: 3669: 3436: 2959: 2507: 2500: 2492: 2369: 2346: 2334: 2126: 2092: 2072: 2060: 2052: 1967: 1875: 1771: 1712: 1564: 1549: 1529: 1494: 1201: 1112: 1047: 846: 796: 425: 6254:"Kidnappings by strangers, like the Jayme Closs case, are rare. So are positive outcomes" 5136:"The trial next door: Oscar Pistorius gets the headlines, but what about Thato Kutumela?" 3274: 3075: 2708:

A 20-year-old woman who disappeared after leaving to respond to a model-wanted ad at the

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Rijt, Arnout van de; Song, Hyang-Gi; Shor, Eran; Burroway, Rebekah (December 31, 2018).

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told her they weren't interested in her daughter's case. Dr. Cory L. Armstrong wrote in

7045: 6960: 6950: 6938: 6849: 6822: 6767: 6713: 6013:"¿Dónde está Marta del Castillo? Lo que no cuenta la nueva serie documental de Netflix" 4409: 4366: 3470: 2969: 2650: 2642: 2586: 2236: 2182: 2068: 2048: 2044: 1962: 1920: 1890: 1880: 1798: 1791: 1776: 1766: 1586: 1522: 1464: 1459: 1444: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1097: 1032: 552: 525: 370: 44: 5779:"How Natalee Holloway's case put a spotlight on media coverage of missing White women" 4816:

Tamir, Christine; Budiman, Abby; Noe-Bustamante, Luis; Mora, Lauren (March 25, 2021).

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A 17-year-old Spanish high school student disappeared and was presumably murdered in

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A 24-year-old intern disappeared while she had an affair with married representative

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Dowdy who picked up fellow soldiers in harm's way. Or people like Patrick Miller and

2562: 2554: 2546: 2479: 2438: 2154:, and that of Evelyn Hernandez, a Hispanic woman – both of whom disappeared in 2002. 1974: 1581: 1517: 1502: 1358: 1323: 1303: 1174: 1117: 1052: 447: 350: 7239: 7227: 6928: 6703: 6419: 6117: 5261:"Tips pour in after blonde girl 'without an identity' found in Roma camp in Greece" 3507:

A 22-year-old British tourist from a wealthy family who disappeared while visiting

3177: 2965: 2298: 2174: 2064: 1808: 1687: 1507: 1474: 1454: 1378: 1368: 1348: 1328: 956: 856: 584: 559: 415: 355: 320: 285: 280: 4595: 4461: 4210:"User Clip: Gwen Ifill coins the term "missing white woman syndrome" | C-SPAN.org" 6218:"Mollie Tibbetts has been found dead a month after she vanished, authorities say" 4899: 4391: 4072: 3542:

found human remains. Two days later, it was confirmed to be the body of Everard.

7003: 6933: 6762: 6640: 6086: 5709:"A year after student faked her own abduction, she's taking life 'step by step'" 5430:"Damsels in distress: If you're missing, it helps to be young, white and female" 5114:"Missing black and Asian people less likely to be found by police, report finds" 4295:"Race Bias in Media Coverage of Missing Women?; Cheryl Hines Dishes on New Show" 3535: 3508: 2892: 2621: 2080: 1702: 1662: 1630: 1489: 1449: 1283: 1196: 1147: 1122: 1022: 714: 437: 420: 375: 290: 5028: 4788:

Uniform Crime Report: Crime in the United States, 2019 – Expanded Homicide Data

3203:

freshman who disappeared and was later found dead. Her murderer was convicted.

7217: 7207: 6965: 6745: 6730: 6723: 6624: 6563: 6524:

Note: White and Hispanic missing person files are combined in the compilation.

5971: 4446:"The Overrepresentation of White Missing Children in National Television News" 4336: 4019:"25: Pregnant and Disappeared – The Missing White Woman Syndrome in Magazines" 3794: 3659: 3637: 3566: 2625: 2541: 2245: 2104: 1984: 1979: 1860: 1855: 1751: 1727: 1576: 1469: 1427: 1383: 1191: 1179: 1152: 1142: 1062: 464: 459: 430: 365: 196: 6336: 4878: 4603: 4469: 4400: 4234: 4030: 3778: 3763: 2876:

A 15-year-old girl murdered by her uncle; her body has never been recovered.

6898: 6832: 6799: 6158:[Diana Quer: Missing white woman, young and from a wealthy family]. 5684: 4844:"Global population skews male, but UN projects parity between sexes by 2050" 4547: 3595: 3297: 3007:

A 31-year-old woman and mother of three who disappeared after leaving work.

2422: 2277: 2197: 1885: 1833: 1534: 1127: 230: 52: 5986:"Clamor Grows Louder for Caylee's Law After Mother Only Gets Slap On Wrist" 5202: 4418: 4062: 6589: 5951: 3569:. Her family lost contact with her in late August when she was in or near 7232: 6854: 6772: 5264: 3512: 3331: 2912:. Her disappearance was publicized nationally, but she is still missing. 2590: 2566: 2464: 2260: 2150:

published an article detailing the disparity between the coverage of the

1850: 1672: 1591: 1236: 1162: 1067: 1027: 395: 390: 385: 310: 305: 300: 240: 5347:"Bad girls and gone girls: Why the media tired of 'missing white women'" 3378:

student who disappeared after a night of drinking. She remains missing.

3157:

A 32-year-old woman who fabricated her disappearance to avoid marriage.

2244:

in news coverage, attributing the silence to a tradition of "sexism and

7192: 6998: 6827: 6325:"Paul Little: Grace Millane case highlights a terrible double standard" 6110:"Beyond the posters: How demographics factored in Spierer, Grubb cases" 3574: 3293: 2460: 2389: 315: 201: 181: 154: 129: 4367:"Racial and gender differences in missing children's recovery chances" 3222:

who disappeared and was later found dead. Her murderer was convicted.

4184:"User Clip: Gwen Ifill coins the term 'missing white woman syndrome'" 3531: 3428: 2987:

Two 10-year-old girls murdered while returning from a shopping trip.

2607: 2553:

Social commentaries pointed to media bias in the coverage of soldier

2522: 2228: 2224: 1288: 295: 186: 164: 159: 109: 5509:"Editorial: Dail Dinwiddie, missing and still missed 20 years later" 4867:"News Media Can't Shake 'Missing White Woman Syndrome,' Critics Say" 4715:

2020 Census Illuminates Racial and Ethnic Composition of the Country

4488:"What We Know (And Don't Know) About 'Missing White Women Syndrome'" 17: 6389:"Where's the social media outrage and march for Lena Zhang Harrap?" 5953:

Think: Straight Talk for Women to Stay Smart in a Dumbed-Down World

5234:. U.S. House of Representatives Oversight Committee. Archived from 4634:"Ana Walshe story — another missing white woman dominates the news" 5887:"What is 'Missing White Woman Syndrome'? Racism in Media Coverage" 4520: 4320: 3173: 2540: 1298: 114: 4552:"Missing: The Curious Anomaly of Tiffany Whitton's Disappearance" 4433:

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1478601X.2012.724683j

6182:"California jogger accused of faking own kidnapping leaves jail" 3539: 3172:

An 18-year-old American high school graduate who disappeared in

2731:

A 23-year-old college student who disappeared after attending a

2579:

United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform

2571: 1932: 1761: 6593: 6131:

Eisenberg, Emma (July 24, 2017). Aronowitz, Nona Willis (ed.).

5280:"Why the Roma 'Blond Angel' Ignited a Week of Racial Profiling" 4742:(Press release). United States Census Bureau. December 15, 2020 3355:

A 20-year-old nursing student who disappeared from her home in

2908:

A 19-year-old college student who disappeared while jogging in

6200:"The "missing white woman syndrome" in the Sherri Papini case" 5853:"Our shameful hierarchy – some deaths matter more than others" 4492: 3821: 2158: 6415:"What Sarah Everard's Murder Illuminates – And Might Obscure" 3980:

Slakoff, Danielle C.; Fradella, Henry F. (December 1, 2019).

6550:(2008). "The Era of Lost (White) Girls: On Body and Event". 6156:"Diana Quer: Se busca mujer blanca, joven y de familia rica" 6133:"'I Am a Girl Now,' Sage Smith Wrote. Then She Went Missing" 5325:"DNA tests confirm Maria's mother as Bulgarian Sasha Ruseva" 4740:"Census Bureau Releases 2020 Demographic Analysis Estimates" 4658: 4235:"Cleveland abductions: Do white victims get more attention?" 5627:"Rachel Cooke to be remembered 14 years after she vanished" 4688:

2020 NCIC Missing Person and Unidentified Person Statistics

3473:. Her body was discovered over a month later on August 21. 3469:

20-year-old who disappeared while jogging near her home in

2732: 2051:

cases toward white females as compared to males or females

3617:, who disappeared early in the morning on New Year’s Day. 4627: 4625: 3598:. Her abductor and killer was identified and imprisoned. 3313:

A 5-year-old girl kidnapped from her father's trailer in

4578:

Jeanis, Michelle N.; Powers, Ráchael A. (June 3, 2017).

2964:

A 14-year-old girl, missing for 9 months after being in

2823:

An 18-year-old college student who disappeared from the

2565:. All three were ambushed in the same attack during the 4842:

Carey, Isabel Webb; Hackett, Conrad (August 31, 2022).

4319:

Min, Seong-Jae; John C. Feaster (July–September 2010).

3827:

Maryland, College Park, during our interview yesterday.

3750:(4). International Communication Association: 549–565. 2808:

A 6-year-old girl who was killed in her family's home.

2789:

A 19-year-old college student disappeared on campus of

4159:"News Media Can't Shake 'Missing White Woman Syndrome" 3561:, who was reported missing while traveling across the 2521:

On September 11, 2014, the South African news network

6034:[The morbidity (sexist) of sexual assaults]. 5763:. Caribbean Net News. August 23, 2005. Archived from 5680:"House panel passes 'Dru's Law' in sex offender bill" 5647:

Earle, S.; Komaromy, C. & Bartholomew, C. (2008)

4023:

The Routledge Companion to Gender, Media and Violence

2467:, the killing of Damilola Taylor had shocked the UK. 5375:"Society Cares Less When Women Of Colour Go Missing" 5160:"A case of race? One POW acclaimed, another ignored" 2927:

A 7-year-old girl who disappeared from her bedroom.

2067:. However, the authors also reported that non-black 7138: 7044: 6959: 6798: 6686: 5029:"Damilola Taylor: How his killing shocked a nation" 4761:Krueger, Hanna; Woodard, Tiana (February 4, 2023). 3330:A 2-year-old girl who disappeared from her home in 2696: 2693: 2529:

Analogous cases that do not involve missing persons

2165:), when compared to the level of coverage given to 2063:received more media attention than those involving 5913: 5851: 5735:"News coverage ignoring missing minority children" 5535:"Slain Model Was Sexually Assaulted, Coroner Says" 5134: 4067:(PhD thesis). University of Southern Mississippi. 3875: 3855: 6051:"The Charley Project: Haleigh Ann-Marie Cummings" 5761:"When is enough Natalee Holloway madness enough?" 5661: 5659: 5657: 3176:. Her disappearance resulted in an international 1896:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 6032:"El morbo (machista) de las agresiones sexuales" 5423: 5421: 5419: 5417: 5415: 4663:National Missing and Unidentified Persons System 3986:Criminology, Criminal Justice, Law & Society 3063:Dru Sjodin National Sex Offender Public Registry 2355:more female files than male was Native Americans 2255:, observed that media outlets tend to focus on " 5741:. Scripps Howard News Service. December 2, 2005 5413: 5411: 5409: 5407: 5405: 5403: 5401: 5399: 5397: 5395: 4616: 4004: 3895: 3893: 3891: 2712:. The case was publicized in a 1995 episode of 2598:Presumed kidnapping of "blonde angel" in Greece 2583: 2439:murders of two 10-year-old white girls in Soham 2107:is credited with originating the phrase at the 1540:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 5301:"Abduction case reveals bias on basis of race" 4900:https://wysac.uwyo.edu/wysac/reports/View/7713 4444:Simmons, Clara; Woods, Joshua (July 3, 2015). 4112:Moody, M.; Dorries, B.; Blackwell, H. (2008). 2636:Laws named after missing white women and girls 2447:Criminology Professor Yvonne Jewkes cites the 2322:Criminal Justice Information Services Division 1016:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 6605: 5915:"Master of media circus for Madeleine McCann" 3511:. Her body was discovered in a rural area of 3237:A 35-year-old woman murdered by her husband. 3123:A 27-year-old woman murdered by her husband. 2177:in 2005, the same year Holloway disappeared. 2021: 8: 3534:. On March 10, police searching woodland at 3431:family who disappeared while vacationing in 7108:Political polarization in the United States 6489:"Nicola Bulley: The mother who disappeared" 6306:"Man guilty of British backpacker's murder" 5667:"Diagnosing 'Missing White Woman Syndrome'" 4289: 4287: 4285: 4283: 4021:. In Boyle, Karen; Berridge, Susan (eds.). 3818:"Diagnosing 'Missing White Woman Syndrome'" 3640:disappeared while she was walking her dog. 2750:A 12-year-old girl who was found murdered. 2690: 2687: 1232:List of people killed for being transgender 6612: 6598: 6590: 6571:Missing Woman Ignored Because She's Black? 5823:George Hunter; Melissa Ann Preddy (2009). 5058:. London: Sage Publications. p. 257. 3975: 3973: 3971: 3933:. SABC. September 12, 2014. Archived from 3839: 3837: 3835: 3613:A 39-year-old Serbian-American woman from 2684: 2028: 2014: 31: 7161:Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal 6154:García, José Manuel (September 9, 2016). 6108:Majchrowicz, Michael (November 9, 2011). 5129: 5127: 4990: 4988: 4986: 4984: 4982: 4980: 4408: 4390: 3737: 3735: 3713:Journal of Criminal Law & Criminology 3701: 3699: 3697: 3695: 3693: 3691: 3689: 3687: 3685: 3488:A 13-year-old girl was abducted from the 2349:, and 9,571 (or approximately 1.8%) were 5945: 5943: 5340: 5338: 4481: 4479: 2341:, 182,529 (or approximately 34.8%) were 331:Social determinants of health in poverty 6517: 5608:"What Is Missing White Woman Syndrome?" 5507:Parker, Kathleen (September 25, 2012). 4865:Robertson, Katie (September 22, 2021). 4818:"Facts About the U.S. Black Population" 4157:Robertson, Katie (September 22, 2021). 3925: 3923: 3884:from the original on September 2, 2016. 3681: 2791:California Polytechnic State University 2401:According to a 2008 study published in 2223:experience is greater than the sum of 43: 6383: 6381: 6379: 5278:Blumberg, Antonia (October 28, 2013). 5158:Williams, Douglas (November 9, 2003). 5003:. London: Sage Publications. pp. 3903:Media Disparity: A Gender Battleground 3869: 3867: 2754:was convicted and sentenced to death. 2345:, 10,776 (or approximately 2.1%) were 2087:The phenomenon has led to a number of 7203:Psychological effects of Internet use 6586:– Black and Missing But Not Forgotten 5928:from the original on January 12, 2022 5601: 5599: 5455:Suarez, Kelly-Anne (March 31, 2006). 5331:. Associated Press. October 25, 2013. 3744:Communication, Culture & Critique 7: 6011:Corroto, Paula (November 16, 2021). 5885:Laccino, Ludovica (March 20, 2014). 5481:Greenberg, Brad A. (March 5, 2006). 5191:Gray Davidson, Osha (May 27, 2004). 3877:"The 'Missing White Woman Syndrome'" 3874:Barton, Robin L. (August 22, 2011). 2557:versus that of her fellow soldiers, 2121:in the cultural imagery of the U.S. 1038:Capital punishment for homosexuality 336:Social determinants of mental health 7178:Digital media use and mental health 5457:"Model's Killer Gets Life Sentence" 4971:"Blair apologises to Soham parents" 4943:"Met chief accuses media of racism" 4911:Gilchrist, Kristen (May 27, 2008). 4667:United States Department of Justice 4632:Vennochi, Joan (January 11, 2023). 3427:An 18-year-old girl from a wealthy 3218:A 21-year-old undergraduate at the 2491:Sandile Memela, chief director for 2379:murder victims in the United States 2304:In 2017, a research paper from the 1158:Genital modification and mutilation 6323:Little, Paul (December 15, 2018). 6279:Lainey Seyler (January 18, 2019). 6082:"The toddler who united a country" 5625:Osborn, Claire (January 9, 2016). 5559:Hewitt, Bill (December 11, 1995). 5533:Malnic, Eric (December 12, 1995). 5428:Johnson, M. Alex (July 23, 2004). 5299:Adams, Ashley (November 8, 2013). 5147:from the original on May 15, 2022. 4259:St. John, Kelly (April 21, 2003). 3844:Robinson, Eugene (June 10, 2005). 3557:A 22-year-old American woman from 3042:injured and taken prisoner at the 2829:National Center for Missing Adults 2368:estimated that the male-to-female 2320:(NCIC) database maintained by the 2253:National Center for Missing Adults 2043:is a pejorative term used by some 25: 7183:Effects of violence in mass media 6882:Smartphones and pedestrian safety 6462:Mahon, Leah (February 17, 2023). 6357:Mau, Alison (December 15, 2018). 6030:Mariño, Mara (January 18, 2024). 5866:from the original on May 15, 2022 5651:Sage Publications Ltd., 276 pages 5345:Farhi, Paul (December 13, 2015). 4957:"The story of two murder victims" 3956:Mau, Alison (December 16, 2018). 3632:A 45-year-old British woman from 2318:National Crime Information Center 2263:young white women and teenagers. 2251:Kym Pasqualini, president of the 27:Term for increased media coverage 7156:2021 Facebook company files leak 6877:Mobile phones and driving safety 3756:10.1111/j.1753-9137.2010.01085.x 3201:Virginia Commonwealth University 2274:disappearance of Tiffany Whitton 2133:, or even invisible standards". 1651:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 1480:Law for Protection of the Nation 1374:White genocide conspiracy theory 51: 7128:2020 U.S. presidential election 7123:2016 U.S. presidential election 5707:Harter, Kevin (April 3, 2005). 5665:Foreman, Tom (March 14, 2006). 5606:Miller, Jax (October 3, 2023). 5112:Taylor, Harry (March 7, 2023). 4795:Federal Bureau of Investigation 4692:Federal Bureau of Investigation 3906:. Lexington Books. p. 21. 3816:Foreman, Tom (March 14, 2006). 2767:A 27-year-old model and former 2688:Date of disappearance or death 2403:The Law and Society Association 2326:Federal Bureau of Investigation 2173:woman. Figueroa disappeared in 1485:MSM blood donation restrictions 1227:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 6162:(in Spanish). Barcelona, Spain 6080:Hume, Tim (October 18, 2009). 5850:Jones, Ozen (April 21, 2013). 5829:. Pinnacle Books. p. 76. 5087:. Sage Publications. pp. 4486:Demby, Gene (April 13, 2017). 4450:Communication Research Reports 4325:Communication Research Reports 3931:"Oscar Pistorius: The Verdict" 2968:. Her captor was sentenced to 2735:concert. She remains missing. 2497:Department of Arts and Culture 2377:, the FBI found that 54.7% of 1498:(as religious or racial quota) 1: 6694:Betteridge's law of headlines 5796:Floyd, Jami (July 10, 2008). 5590:Liebert Cassidy Whitmore News 5035:. BBC News. November 27, 2010 4973:. BBC News. January 27, 2006. 4959:. BBC News. January 27, 2006. 4945:. BBC News. January 26, 2006. 4596:10.1080/01639625.2016.1197618 4462:10.1080/08824096.2015.1052898 3706:Sommers, Zach (Spring 2016). 2281:that producers of shows like 2193:as the 2010 study concluded. 2137:Studies, reports and analyses 1928:Second-generation gender bias 1636:Constitutional colorblindness 326:Social determinants of health 7213:Social aspects of television 7113:Social media use in politics 6758:Missing white woman syndrome 5990:International Business Times 5892:International Business Times 5483:"A model's life – and death" 5225:"Testimony of Jessica Lynch" 4392:10.1371/journal.pone.0207742 2649:(named after Lori Hacking), 2041:Missing white woman syndrome 6719:Least objectionable program 5649:Death and Dying: A Reading. 4719:United States Census Bureau 4617:Slakoff & Fradella 2019 4524:. p. 3. Archived from 4005:Slakoff & Fradella 2019 2366:United States Census Bureau 2316:Between 2007 and 2020, the 2306:University of South Florida 2109:Unity: Journalists of Color 1839:Medical model of disability 1683:Hate speech laws by country 7327: 7059:Algorithmic radicalization 5715:. Knight Ridder Newspapers 4694:. 2020. pp. 2, 5, 8–9 4061:Stein, Sarah Land (2012). 3900:Cory L. Armstrong (2013). 2457:killing of Damilola Taylor 2419:London Metropolitan Police 1948:Social model of disability 381:Discrimination against men 7173:Cultural impact of TikTok 6631: 6564:10.1215/10407391-2008-005 6049:Good, Meaghan Elizabeth. 5800:. CNN.com. Archived from 5631:Austin American-Statesman 4337:10.1080/08824091003776289 4331:(3). Routledge: 201–216. 4017:Musial, Jennifer (2023). 3571:Grand Teton National Park 2989: 2986: 2978: 2472:murder of Hannah Williams 2459:, a 10-year-old boy from 2383:American Community Survey 2362:2020 United States census 2196:In 2016, Zach Sommers, a 1279:Opposition to immigration 165:Race / Ethnicity 7245:Violence and video games 7223:Social impact of YouTube 7103:Knowledge gap hypothesis 7026:Social-desirability bias 6919:Information–action ratio 5054:Brookman, Fiona (2005). 4131:Cheryl L. Neely (2015). 4031:10.4324/9781003200871-30 4025:. Taylor & Francis. 3559:Suffolk County, New York 2476:murder of Danielle Jones 2435:death of Damilola Taylor 2091:measures, mainly on the 1274:Occupational segregation 1043:Compulsory sterilization 7276:Criticism of journalism 7198:Mass shooting contagion 6646:Evolutionary psychology 5432:. MSNBC. Archived from 5193:"The Forgotten Soldier" 5079:Jewkes, Yvonne (2004). 4995:Jewkes, Yvonne (2004). 4266:San Francisco Chronicle 4237:. BBC News. May 9, 2013 3846:"(White) Women We Love" 3795:10.1023/A:1025713518156 3615:Cohasset, Massachusetts 2710:Angeles National Forest 2615:Murder trial defendants 2445:University of Leicester 2425:, accused the media of 2248:" in American society. 2202:Northwestern University 2157:A report that aired on 2148:San Francisco Chronicle 1824:Internalized oppression 1678:Fighting Discrimination 1668:Fat acceptance movement 1626:Anti-discrimination law 1252:Native American mascots 7188:Fascination with death 7051:Political polarization 6979:Availability heuristic 6944:Television consumption 5950:Bloom, Lisa E (2011). 5798:"Remembering Michelle" 5487:Los Angeles Daily News 5056:Understanding Homicide 4086:Essig, Laurie (2014). 3777:Lundman, R.J. (2003). 3410:University of Virginia 3214:Michelle Gardner-Quinn 2825:San Francisco Bay Area 2595: 2550: 2449:murder of Milly Dowler 1943:Social identity threat 1916:Reverse discrimination 1906:Racial color blindness 1364:Violence against women 1344:Sex-selective abortion 7151:Criticism of Facebook 7031:Social influence bias 6914:Information pollution 6904:Information explosion 6887:Texting while driving 6843:Low information voter 6741:Pink-slime journalism 6451:. September 16, 2021. 6285:projects.jsonline.com 6114:Indiana Daily Student 6061:on September 24, 2017 4846:. Pew Research Center 4516:"Damsels in Distress" 4297:. CNN. March 17, 2006 3665:Operation Identify Me 3337:The Sunday Star-Times 3332:Auckland, New Zealand 3220:University of Vermont 3184:on January 12, 2012. 2947:phone-hacking scandal 2938:Amanda "Milly" Dowler 2544: 2483:likely to be solved. 2453:murder of Sarah Payne 2417:In January 2006, the 2233:racial discrimination 2213:Eduardo Bonilla-Silva 2123:Eduardo Bonilla-Silva 2103:American news anchor 2099:Origins and criticism 1911:Religious intolerance 1871:Political correctness 1693:Intersex human rights 1641:Cultural assimilation 1309:Religious persecution 1073:Disability hate crime 7271:Class discrimination 7168:Criticism of Netflix 6974:Availability cascade 6909:Information overload 6818:Attention management 6813:Attention inequality 6709:Human-interest story 6651:Behavioral modernity 6636:Cognitive psychology 6395:. September 28, 2021 6312:. November 22, 2019. 5561:"In a Shallow Grave" 5241:on February 20, 2009 5205:on February 24, 2009 3880:. The Crime Report. 3655:Institutional racism 3634:St Michael's on Wyre 3433:A Pobra do Caramiñal 2427:institutional racism 2375:Uniform Crime Report 1294:Political repression 276:Anti-left handedness 266:Anti-intellectualism 7081:Post-truth politics 7011:Mean world syndrome 6584:blackandmissing.org 6495:. February 11, 2023 6222:The Washington Post 5921:The Daily Telegraph 5783:The Washington Post 5739:The Gainesville Sun 5513:The Washington Post 5436:on October 15, 2013 5352:The Washington Post 5267:. October 20, 2013. 5172:on December 6, 2004 4822:Pew Research Center 4383:2018PLoSO..1307742V 3851:The Washington Post 3549:September 11, 2021 3400:September 13, 2014 3255:The Daily Telegraph 3044:Battle of Nasiriyah 3040:Private First Class 2769:Los Angeles Raiders 2725:September 24, 1992 2705:Kimberly Pandelios 2499:, noted amidst the 2330:unidentified person 2290:The Washington Post 2257:damsels in distress 1819:Historical eugenics 1334:Segregation academy 1314:Religious terrorism 1103:Enemy of the people 1011:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 521:Jehovah's Witnesses 406:Perpetual foreigner 6894:Influence-for-hire 6872:Media multitasking 6867:Human multitasking 6785:Tabloid television 6736:Media manipulation 6329:New Zealand Herald 6260:. January 15, 2019 6224:. August 21, 2018. 6055:Charleyproject.org 5956:. Vanguard Press. 5924:. April 24, 2008. 5379:www.refinery29.com 5143:. March 16, 2014. 4923:on October 6, 2013 4871:The New York Times 4550:(April 29, 2016). 4163:The New York Times 3783:Sociological Forum 3584:September 2, 2022 3376:Indiana University 3288:Marta del Castillo 3191:September 5, 2005 3130:February 24, 2005 3053:November 22, 2003 3014:December 24, 2002 2800:December 25, 1996 2761:November 16, 1995 2715:Unsolved Mysteries 2702:February 27, 1992 2551: 2495:at South Africa's 2272:article about the 2152:Laci Peterson case 1723:Social integration 1718:Self-determination 1708:Racial integration 1656:Diversity training 1646:Cultural pluralism 1621:Affirmative action 1513:Racial segregation 1423:Crime of apartheid 1319:Religious violence 821:Indigenous people 192:Sexual orientation 7253: 7252: 7076:Fake news website 7036:Spiral of silence 6989:Confirmation bias 6808:Attention economy 6790:Yellow journalism 6678:Social psychology 6437:. March 19, 2021. 6423:. March 17, 2021. 6242:. August 1, 2018. 6206:. April 21, 2022. 6120:on March 4, 2014. 5963:978-1-4596-1459-8 5836:978-0-7860-2292-2 5767:on June 22, 2008. 5637:on June 22, 2017. 5539:Los Angeles Times 5461:Los Angeles Times 5313:on April 6, 2014. 4514:Krajicek, David. 4120:on March 9, 2015. 4040:978-1-000-91935-6 3937:on April 22, 2019 3913:978-0-7391-8188-1 3646: 3645: 3624:January 27, 2023 3499:December 1, 2018 3490:Barron, Wisconsin 3480:October 15, 2018 3446:November 2, 2016 3357:Darden, Tennessee 3310:Haleigh Cummings 3307:February 9, 2009 3284:January 24, 2009 3229:February 9, 2007 3153:Jennifer Wilbanks 3072:February 1, 2004 2945:News of the World 2919:February 1, 2002 2910:Georgetown, Texas 2902:January 10, 2002 2819:Kristen Modafferi 2545:News coverage of 2516:structural racism 2431:Tom ap Rhys Pryce 2301:to irrelevance." 2129:is normalized by 2115:Charlton McIlwain 2045:social scientists 2038: 2037: 1901:Racism by country 1829:Intersectionality 1814:Heteronormativity 1597:Voter suppression 1339:Sexual harassment 1138:Forced conversion 1058:Cultural genocide 720:African Americans 531:post–Cold War era 516:Eastern Orthodoxy 261:Anti-drug addicts 256:Anti-homelessness 175:Scientific racism 16:(Redirected from 7318: 7301:Social phenomena 7291:Race and society 7098:Knowledge divide 6994:Crowd psychology 6984:Bandwagon effect 6751:Public relations 6668:Media psychology 6614: 6607: 6600: 6591: 6567: 6534: 6531: 6525: 6522: 6505: 6504: 6502: 6500: 6485: 6479: 6478: 6476: 6474: 6459: 6453: 6452: 6445: 6439: 6438: 6431: 6425: 6424: 6411: 6405: 6404: 6402: 6400: 6385: 6374: 6373: 6371: 6369: 6354: 6348: 6347: 6345: 6343: 6320: 6314: 6313: 6302: 6296: 6295: 6293: 6291: 6276: 6270: 6269: 6267: 6265: 6250: 6244: 6243: 6232: 6226: 6225: 6214: 6208: 6207: 6196: 6190: 6189: 6188:. March 9, 2022. 6178: 6172: 6171: 6169: 6167: 6151: 6145: 6144: 6142: 6140: 6128: 6122: 6121: 6116:. Archived from 6105: 6099: 6098: 6096: 6094: 6077: 6071: 6070: 6068: 6066: 6057:. Archived from 6046: 6040: 6039: 6027: 6021: 6020: 6008: 6002: 6001: 5999: 5997: 5982: 5976: 5975: 5947: 5938: 5937: 5935: 5933: 5917: 5910: 5904: 5903: 5901: 5899: 5882: 5876: 5875: 5873: 5871: 5855: 5847: 5841: 5840: 5820: 5814: 5813: 5811: 5809: 5793: 5787: 5786: 5775: 5769: 5768: 5757: 5751: 5750: 5748: 5746: 5731: 5725: 5724: 5722: 5720: 5704: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5693: 5676: 5670: 5663: 5652: 5645: 5639: 5638: 5633:. Archived from 5622: 5616: 5615: 5603: 5594: 5593: 5582: 5576: 5575: 5573: 5571: 5556: 5550: 5549: 5547: 5545: 5530: 5524: 5523: 5521: 5519: 5504: 5498: 5497: 5495: 5493: 5478: 5472: 5471: 5469: 5467: 5452: 5446: 5445: 5443: 5441: 5425: 5390: 5389: 5387: 5385: 5373:Lajoie, Yasmin. 5370: 5364: 5363: 5361: 5359: 5342: 5333: 5332: 5321: 5315: 5314: 5309:. Archived from 5306:Collegiate Times 5296: 5290: 5289: 5275: 5269: 5268: 5257: 5251: 5250: 5248: 5246: 5240: 5229: 5221: 5215: 5214: 5212: 5210: 5201:. Archived from 5188: 5182: 5181: 5179: 5177: 5168:. Archived from 5155: 5149: 5148: 5138: 5131: 5122: 5121: 5109: 5103: 5102: 5086: 5076: 5070: 5069: 5051: 5045: 5044: 5042: 5040: 5025: 5019: 5018: 5002: 4992: 4975: 4974: 4967: 4961: 4960: 4953: 4947: 4946: 4939: 4933: 4932: 4930: 4928: 4919:. 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April 21, 2017 4180: 4174: 4173: 4171: 4169: 4154: 4148: 4147: 4145: 4143: 4128: 4122: 4121: 4109: 4103: 4102: 4100: 4098: 4092:Psychology Today 4083: 4077: 4076: 4058: 4052: 4051: 4049: 4047: 4014: 4008: 4002: 3996: 3993: 3977: 3966: 3965: 3953: 3947: 3946: 3944: 3942: 3927: 3918: 3917: 3897: 3886: 3885: 3879: 3871: 3862: 3861: 3860:on May 17, 2008. 3859: 3854:. 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Splinter News 6130: 6129: 6125: 6107: 6106: 6102: 6092: 6090: 6079: 6078: 6074: 6064: 6062: 6048: 6047: 6043: 6029: 6028: 6024: 6017:El Confidencial 6010: 6009: 6005: 5995: 5993: 5984: 5983: 5979: 5964: 5949: 5948: 5941: 5931: 5929: 5912: 5911: 5907: 5897: 5895: 5884: 5883: 5879: 5869: 5867: 5859:The Independent 5849: 5848: 5844: 5837: 5822: 5821: 5817: 5807: 5805: 5804:on May 14, 2011 5795: 5794: 5790: 5777: 5776: 5772: 5759: 5758: 5754: 5744: 5742: 5733: 5732: 5728: 5718: 5716: 5706: 5705: 5701: 5691: 5689: 5688:. July 27, 2005 5678: 5677: 5673: 5664: 5655: 5646: 5642: 5624: 5623: 5619: 5605: 5604: 5597: 5592:. May 26, 2020. 5584: 5583: 5579: 5569: 5567: 5558: 5557: 5553: 5543: 5541: 5532: 5531: 5527: 5517: 5515: 5506: 5505: 5501: 5491: 5489: 5480: 5479: 5475: 5465: 5463: 5454: 5453: 5449: 5439: 5437: 5427: 5426: 5393: 5383: 5381: 5372: 5371: 5367: 5357: 5355: 5344: 5343: 5336: 5323: 5322: 5318: 5298: 5297: 5293: 5285:Huffington Post 5277: 5276: 5272: 5259: 5258: 5254: 5244: 5242: 5238: 5227: 5223: 5222: 5218: 5208: 5206: 5190: 5189: 5185: 5175: 5173: 5157: 5156: 5152: 5141:The Independent 5133: 5132: 5125: 5111: 5110: 5106: 5099: 5083:Media and Crime 5078: 5077: 5073: 5066: 5053: 5052: 5048: 5038: 5036: 5027: 5026: 5022: 5015: 4999:Media and Crime 4994: 4993: 4978: 4969: 4968: 4964: 4955: 4954: 4950: 4941: 4940: 4936: 4926: 4924: 4917:AllAcademic.com 4910: 4909: 4905: 4897: 4893: 4883: 4881: 4864: 4863: 4859: 4849: 4847: 4841: 4840: 4836: 4826: 4824: 4815: 4814: 4810: 4800: 4798: 4790: 4786: 4785: 4781: 4771: 4769: 4760: 4759: 4755: 4745: 4743: 4738: 4737: 4733: 4723: 4721: 4712: 4711: 4707: 4697: 4695: 4686: 4685: 4681: 4671: 4669: 4657: 4656: 4652: 4642: 4640: 4631: 4630: 4623: 4615: 4611: 4577: 4576: 4572: 4562: 4560: 4546: 4545: 4541: 4531: 4529: 4513: 4512: 4508: 4498: 4496: 4485: 4484: 4477: 4443: 4442: 4438: 4430: 4426: 4364: 4363: 4359: 4349: 4347: 4318: 4317: 4313: 4300: 4298: 4293: 4292: 4281: 4271: 4269: 4258: 4257: 4253: 4240: 4238: 4233: 4232: 4228: 4218: 4216: 4208: 4207: 4203: 4193: 4191: 4182: 4181: 4177: 4167: 4165: 4156: 4155: 4151: 4141: 4139: 4130: 4129: 4125: 4111: 4110: 4106: 4096: 4094: 4085: 4084: 4080: 4060: 4059: 4055: 4045: 4043: 4041: 4016: 4015: 4011: 4003: 3999: 3979: 3978: 3969: 3955: 3954: 3950: 3940: 3938: 3929: 3928: 3921: 3914: 3899: 3898: 3889: 3873: 3872: 3865: 3843: 3842: 3833: 3815: 3814: 3810: 3776: 3775: 3771: 3741: 3740: 3733: 3723: 3721: 3705: 3704: 3683: 3678: 3670:White privilege 3651: 3587:Eliza Fletcher 3465:Mollie Tibbetts 3408:An 18-year-old 3389:Hannah Anderson 3385:August 3, 2013 3347:April 13, 2011 3178:media sensation 3149:April 26, 2005 3087:March 27, 2004 3030:March 23, 2003 2983:Jessica Chapman 2979:August 4, 2002 2960:Elizabeth Smart 2934:March 21, 2002 2804:JonBenét Ramsey 2728:Dail Dinwiddie 2679: 2641:States include 2638: 2617: 2600: 2539: 2531: 2508:Reeva Steenkamp 2501:Oscar Pistorius 2493:social cohesion 2489: 2415: 2399: 2351:Native American 2183:minority groups 2144: 2139: 2127:white supremacy 2101: 2093:political right 2034: 2005: 2004: 2003: 2002: 2001: 1876:Polyculturalism 1772:Civil liberties 1744: 1736: 1735: 1734: 1733: 1732: 1713:Reappropriation 1613: 1612:Countermeasures 1605: 1604: 1603: 1602: 1601: 1530:Racial steering 1496:Numerus clausus 1400: 1392: 1391: 1390: 1389: 1388: 1113:Ethnic conflict 1048:Corrective rape 1003: 995: 994: 993: 992: 991: 645: 634: 633: 632: 631: 630: 483: 473: 472: 471: 470: 469: 361:HIV/AIDS stigma 223: 215: 214: 213: 212: 211: 160:Mental disorder 102: 94: 93: 92: 91: 90: 63: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7324: 7322: 7314: 7313: 7308: 7306:Social classes 7303: 7298: 7293: 7288: 7286:Missing people 7283: 7278: 7273: 7268: 7258: 7257: 7251: 7250: 7248: 7247: 7242: 7237: 7236: 7235: 7225: 7220: 7215: 7210: 7205: 7200: 7195: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7175: 7170: 7165: 7164: 7163: 7158: 7148: 7142: 7140: 7139:Related topics 7136: 7135: 7133: 7132: 7131: 7130: 7125: 7120: 7110: 7105: 7100: 7095: 7090: 7089: 7088: 7083: 7073: 7068: 7067: 7066: 7055: 7053: 7046:Digital divide 7042: 7041: 7039: 7038: 7033: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7007: 7006: 7001: 6991: 6986: 6981: 6976: 6970: 6968: 6961:Cognitive bias 6957: 6956: 6954: 6953: 6951:Sticky content 6948: 6947: 6946: 6941: 6939:Binge-watching 6931: 6926: 6921: 6916: 6911: 6906: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6890: 6889: 6884: 6879: 6874: 6864: 6859: 6858: 6857: 6850:Digital zombie 6847: 6846: 6845: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6823:Attention span 6820: 6815: 6810: 6804: 6802: 6796: 6795: 6793: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6777: 6776: 6775: 6768:Sensationalism 6765: 6760: 6755: 6754: 6753: 6748: 6743: 6733: 6728: 6727: 6726: 6721: 6716: 6714:Junk food news 6711: 6701: 6696: 6690: 6688: 6684: 6683: 6681: 6680: 6675: 6670: 6665: 6664: 6663: 6658: 6653: 6643: 6638: 6632: 6629: 6628: 6619: 6617: 6616: 6609: 6602: 6594: 6588: 6587: 6579: 6578:External links 6576: 6575: 6574: 6568: 6548:Wanzo, Rebecca 6542: 6539: 6536: 6535: 6526: 6516: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6507: 6506: 6480: 6454: 6440: 6426: 6406: 6375: 6349: 6315: 6297: 6271: 6245: 6227: 6209: 6191: 6173: 6146: 6123: 6100: 6072: 6041: 6022: 6003: 5992:. July 8, 2011 5977: 5962: 5939: 5905: 5877: 5842: 5835: 5826:Limb from Limb 5815: 5788: 5770: 5752: 5726: 5699: 5671: 5653: 5640: 5617: 5595: 5577: 5551: 5525: 5499: 5473: 5447: 5391: 5365: 5334: 5316: 5291: 5270: 5252: 5216: 5183: 5150: 5123: 5104: 5097: 5071: 5064: 5046: 5020: 5013: 4976: 4962: 4948: 4934: 4903: 4891: 4857: 4834: 4808: 4779: 4753: 4731: 4705: 4679: 4659:"Home – NamUS" 4650: 4621: 4609: 4590:(6): 668–683. 4570: 4539: 4506: 4475: 4456:(3): 239–245. 4436: 4424: 4357: 4311: 4279: 4251: 4226: 4214:www.c-span.org 4201: 4175: 4149: 4123: 4104: 4078: 4053: 4039: 4009: 3997: 3967: 3948: 3919: 3912: 3887: 3863: 3831: 3808: 3789:(3): 357–386. 3769: 3731: 3680: 3679: 3677: 3674: 3673: 3672: 3667: 3662: 3657: 3650: 3647: 3644: 3643: 3641: 3630: 3625: 3621: 3620: 3618: 3611: 3606: 3602: 3601: 3599: 3588: 3585: 3581: 3580: 3578: 3555: 3550: 3546: 3545: 3543: 3528: 3523: 3522:March 3, 2021 3519: 3518: 3516: 3505: 3500: 3496: 3495: 3493: 3486: 3481: 3477: 3476: 3474: 3471:Brooklyn, Iowa 3467: 3462: 3461:July 16, 2018 3458: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3447: 3443: 3442: 3440: 3425: 3420: 3416: 3415: 3413: 3406: 3401: 3397: 3396: 3394: 3391: 3386: 3382: 3381: 3379: 3374:A 20-year-old 3372: 3370:Lauren Spierer 3367: 3363: 3362: 3360: 3353: 3348: 3344: 3343: 3341: 3328: 3327:Aisling Symes 3325: 3321: 3320: 3318: 3311: 3308: 3304: 3303: 3301: 3290: 3285: 3281: 3280: 3278: 3271: 3269:Caylee Anthony 3266: 3265:June 16, 2008 3262: 3261: 3259: 3250: 3245: 3241: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3230: 3226: 3225: 3223: 3216: 3211: 3207: 3206: 3204: 3199:A 17-year-old 3197: 3192: 3188: 3187: 3185: 3170: 3165: 3161: 3160: 3158: 3155: 3150: 3146: 3145: 3143: 3136: 3131: 3127: 3126: 3124: 3121: 3116: 3115:July 19, 2004 3112: 3111: 3109: 3106: 3101: 3097: 3096: 3094: 3091: 3090:Audrey Seiler 3088: 3084: 3083: 3081: 3078: 3073: 3069: 3068: 3066: 3059: 3054: 3050: 3049: 3047: 3038:A 19-year-old 3036: 3031: 3027: 3026: 3024: 3020: 3015: 3011: 3010: 3008: 3005: 3004:Audrey Herron 3002: 2998: 2997: 2991: 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814: 809: 804: 799: 794: 789: 784: 779: 774: 769: 764: 759: 754: 749: 744: 739: 734: 733: 732: 727: 722: 712: 707: 702: 701: 700: 695: 690: 680: 675: 670: 665: 660: 655: 649: 648: 647: 646: 640: 639: 636: 635: 629: 628: 626:Zoroastrianism 623: 618: 613: 608: 603: 602: 601: 591: 590: 589: 588: 587: 582: 577: 572: 557: 556: 555: 553:Untouchability 550: 540: 535: 534: 533: 528: 523: 518: 513: 503: 498: 493: 487: 486: 485: 484: 479: 478: 475: 474: 468: 467: 462: 457: 456: 455: 450: 445: 435: 434: 433: 428: 418: 413: 408: 403: 398: 393: 388: 383: 378: 373: 371:Leprosy stigma 368: 363: 358: 353: 348: 343: 338: 333: 328: 323: 318: 313: 308: 303: 298: 293: 288: 283: 278: 273: 268: 263: 258: 253: 248: 243: 238: 233: 227: 226: 225: 224: 221: 220: 217: 216: 210: 209: 204: 199: 194: 189: 184: 179: 178: 177: 172: 162: 157: 152: 147: 142: 137: 132: 127: 122: 117: 112: 106: 105: 104: 103: 100: 99: 96: 95: 89: 88: 83: 78: 73: 67: 66: 65: 64: 61: 60: 57: 56: 48: 47: 45:Discrimination 41: 40: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7323: 7312: 7309: 7307: 7304: 7302: 7299: 7297: 7294: 7292: 7289: 7287: 7284: 7282: 7279: 7277: 7274: 7272: 7269: 7267: 7264: 7263: 7261: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7234: 7231: 7230: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7221: 7219: 7216: 7214: 7211: 7209: 7206: 7204: 7201: 7199: 7196: 7194: 7191: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7166: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7153: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7146:Computer rage 7144: 7143: 7141: 7137: 7129: 7126: 7124: 7121: 7119: 7118:United States 7116: 7115: 7114: 7111: 7109: 7106: 7104: 7101: 7099: 7096: 7094: 7093:Filter bubble 7091: 7087: 7086:United States 7084: 7082: 7079: 7078: 7077: 7074: 7072: 7069: 7065: 7062: 7061: 7060: 7057: 7056: 7054: 7052: 7047: 7043: 7037: 7034: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7021:Peer pressure 7019: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6997: 6996: 6995: 6992: 6990: 6987: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6971: 6969: 6967: 6962: 6958: 6952: 6949: 6945: 6942: 6940: 6937: 6936: 6935: 6932: 6930: 6927: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6878: 6875: 6873: 6870: 6869: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6862:Doomscrolling 6860: 6856: 6853: 6852: 6851: 6848: 6844: 6841: 6840: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6805: 6803: 6801: 6797: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6774: 6771: 6770: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6759: 6756: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6738: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6706: 6705: 6702: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6692: 6691: 6689: 6685: 6679: 6676: 6674: 6673:Media studies 6671: 6669: 6666: 6662: 6659: 6657: 6654: 6652: 6649: 6648: 6647: 6644: 6642: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6633: 6630: 6626: 6625:human factors 6622: 6615: 6610: 6608: 6603: 6601: 6596: 6595: 6592: 6585: 6582: 6581: 6577: 6572: 6569: 6565: 6561: 6558:(2): 99–126. 6557: 6553: 6549: 6545: 6544: 6540: 6530: 6527: 6521: 6518: 6511: 6494: 6490: 6484: 6481: 6469: 6465: 6458: 6455: 6450: 6444: 6441: 6436: 6430: 6427: 6422: 6421: 6416: 6410: 6407: 6399:September 28, 6394: 6390: 6384: 6382: 6380: 6376: 6364: 6360: 6353: 6350: 6338: 6334: 6330: 6326: 6319: 6316: 6311: 6307: 6301: 6298: 6286: 6282: 6275: 6272: 6259: 6255: 6249: 6246: 6241: 6237: 6231: 6228: 6223: 6219: 6213: 6210: 6205: 6201: 6195: 6192: 6187: 6183: 6177: 6174: 6161: 6160:La Vanguardia 6157: 6150: 6147: 6134: 6127: 6124: 6119: 6115: 6111: 6104: 6101: 6089: 6088: 6083: 6076: 6073: 6060: 6056: 6052: 6045: 6042: 6038:(in Spanish). 6037: 6033: 6026: 6023: 6019:(in Spanish). 6018: 6014: 6007: 6004: 5996:September 17, 5991: 5987: 5981: 5978: 5973: 5969: 5965: 5959: 5955: 5954: 5946: 5944: 5940: 5927: 5923: 5922: 5916: 5909: 5906: 5894: 5893: 5888: 5881: 5878: 5865: 5861: 5860: 5854: 5846: 5843: 5838: 5832: 5828: 5827: 5819: 5816: 5803: 5799: 5792: 5789: 5784: 5780: 5774: 5771: 5766: 5762: 5756: 5753: 5740: 5736: 5730: 5727: 5714: 5710: 5703: 5700: 5687: 5686: 5681: 5675: 5672: 5668: 5662: 5660: 5658: 5654: 5650: 5644: 5641: 5636: 5632: 5628: 5621: 5618: 5613: 5609: 5602: 5600: 5596: 5591: 5587: 5581: 5578: 5566: 5562: 5555: 5552: 5540: 5536: 5529: 5526: 5514: 5510: 5503: 5500: 5488: 5484: 5477: 5474: 5462: 5458: 5451: 5448: 5435: 5431: 5424: 5422: 5420: 5418: 5416: 5414: 5412: 5410: 5408: 5406: 5404: 5402: 5400: 5398: 5396: 5392: 5380: 5376: 5369: 5366: 5354: 5353: 5348: 5341: 5339: 5335: 5330: 5326: 5320: 5317: 5312: 5308: 5307: 5302: 5295: 5292: 5287: 5286: 5281: 5274: 5271: 5266: 5262: 5256: 5253: 5237: 5233: 5226: 5220: 5217: 5204: 5200: 5199: 5198:Rolling Stone 5194: 5187: 5184: 5171: 5167: 5166: 5165:Seattle Times 5161: 5154: 5151: 5146: 5142: 5137: 5130: 5128: 5124: 5119: 5115: 5108: 5105: 5100: 5098:0-7619-4765-5 5094: 5090: 5085: 5084: 5075: 5072: 5067: 5065:0-7619-4755-8 5061: 5057: 5050: 5047: 5034: 5030: 5024: 5021: 5016: 5014:0-7619-4765-5 5010: 5006: 5001: 5000: 4991: 4989: 4987: 4985: 4983: 4981: 4977: 4972: 4966: 4963: 4958: 4952: 4949: 4944: 4938: 4935: 4922: 4918: 4914: 4907: 4904: 4901: 4895: 4892: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4868: 4861: 4858: 4845: 4838: 4835: 4823: 4819: 4812: 4809: 4796: 4789: 4783: 4780: 4768: 4764: 4757: 4754: 4741: 4735: 4732: 4720: 4716: 4709: 4706: 4693: 4689: 4683: 4680: 4668: 4664: 4660: 4654: 4651: 4639: 4635: 4628: 4626: 4622: 4618: 4613: 4610: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4574: 4571: 4559: 4558: 4553: 4549: 4543: 4540: 4527: 4523: 4522: 4517: 4510: 4507: 4495: 4494: 4489: 4482: 4480: 4476: 4471: 4467: 4463: 4459: 4455: 4451: 4447: 4440: 4437: 4434: 4428: 4425: 4420: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4402: 4398: 4393: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4368: 4361: 4358: 4346: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4315: 4312: 4308: 4296: 4290: 4288: 4286: 4284: 4280: 4268: 4267: 4262: 4255: 4252: 4248: 4236: 4230: 4227: 4215: 4211: 4205: 4202: 4194:September 23, 4189: 4185: 4179: 4176: 4168:September 23, 4164: 4160: 4153: 4150: 4138: 4134: 4127: 4124: 4119: 4115: 4108: 4105: 4093: 4089: 4082: 4079: 4074: 4070: 4066: 4065: 4057: 4054: 4042: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4020: 4013: 4010: 4006: 4001: 3998: 3991: 3987: 3983: 3976: 3974: 3972: 3968: 3963: 3959: 3952: 3949: 3936: 3932: 3926: 3924: 3920: 3915: 3909: 3905: 3904: 3896: 3894: 3892: 3888: 3883: 3878: 3870: 3868: 3864: 3858: 3853: 3852: 3847: 3840: 3838: 3836: 3832: 3828: 3823: 3819: 3812: 3809: 3804: 3800: 3796: 3792: 3788: 3784: 3780: 3773: 3770: 3765: 3761: 3757: 3753: 3749: 3745: 3738: 3736: 3732: 3719: 3715: 3714: 3709: 3702: 3700: 3698: 3696: 3694: 3692: 3690: 3688: 3686: 3682: 3675: 3671: 3668: 3666: 3663: 3661: 3658: 3656: 3653: 3652: 3648: 3642: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3629: 3628:Nicola Bulley 3626: 3623: 3622: 3619: 3616: 3612: 3610: 3607: 3604: 3603: 3600: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3586: 3583: 3582: 3579: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3563:United States 3560: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3548: 3547: 3544: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3527: 3526:Sarah Everard 3524: 3521: 3520: 3517: 3514: 3510: 3506: 3504: 3503:Grace Millane 3501: 3498: 3497: 3494: 3491: 3487: 3485: 3482: 3479: 3478: 3475: 3472: 3468: 3466: 3463: 3460: 3459: 3456: 3453: 3451: 3450:Sherri Papini 3448: 3445: 3444: 3441: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3418: 3417: 3414: 3411: 3407: 3405: 3404:Hannah Graham 3402: 3399: 3398: 3395: 3392: 3390: 3387: 3384: 3383: 3380: 3377: 3373: 3371: 3368: 3366:June 3, 2011 3365: 3364: 3361: 3358: 3354: 3352: 3349: 3346: 3345: 3342: 3339: 3338: 3333: 3329: 3326: 3323: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3312: 3309: 3306: 3305: 3302: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3289: 3286: 3283: 3282: 3279: 3276: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3263: 3260: 3257: 3256: 3251: 3249: 3246: 3243: 3242: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3231: 3228: 3227: 3224: 3221: 3217: 3215: 3212: 3209: 3208: 3205: 3202: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3190: 3189: 3186: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3171: 3169: 3166: 3164:May 30, 2005 3163: 3162: 3159: 3156: 3154: 3151: 3148: 3147: 3144: 3141: 3140:Jessica's Law 3137: 3135: 3132: 3129: 3128: 3125: 3122: 3120: 3117: 3114: 3113: 3110: 3107: 3105: 3102: 3100:May 24, 2004 3099: 3098: 3095: 3092: 3089: 3086: 3085: 3082: 3079: 3077: 3076:Carlie Brucia 3074: 3071: 3070: 3067: 3064: 3060: 3058: 3055: 3052: 3051: 3048: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3035: 3034:Jessica Lynch 3032: 3029: 3028: 3025: 3021: 3019: 3018:Laci Peterson 3016: 3013: 3012: 3009: 3006: 3003: 3000: 2999: 2996: 2993: 2992: 2984: 2981: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2961: 2958: 2956:June 5, 2002 2955: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2946: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2933: 2932: 2929: 2926: 2924: 2921: 2918: 2917: 2914: 2911: 2907: 2905:Rachel Cooke 2904: 2901: 2900: 2897: 2894: 2890: 2888: 2885: 2882: 2881: 2878: 2875: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2866: 2863: 2860: 2858: 2855: 2853:July 1, 2000 2852: 2851: 2848: 2845: 2843: 2840: 2837: 2836: 2833: 2830: 2826: 2822: 2820: 2817: 2814: 2813: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2802: 2799: 2798: 2795: 2792: 2788: 2786: 2785:Kristin Smart 2783: 2781:May 25, 1996 2780: 2779: 2776: 2773: 2770: 2766: 2763: 2760: 2759: 2756: 2753: 2749: 2747: 2744: 2741: 2740: 2737: 2734: 2730: 2727: 2724: 2723: 2720: 2717: 2716: 2711: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2700: 2686: 2683: 2676: 2674: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2660: 2659:Jessica's Law 2656: 2652: 2648: 2644: 2635: 2633: 2631: 2630:Casey Anthony 2627: 2623: 2614: 2612: 2609: 2605: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2588: 2582: 2580: 2575: 2573: 2568: 2564: 2563:Lori Piestewa 2560: 2556: 2555:Jessica Lynch 2548: 2547:Jessica Lynch 2543: 2537:Jessica Lynch 2536: 2534: 2528: 2526: 2524: 2519: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2486: 2484: 2481: 2477: 2473: 2468: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2440: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2420: 2412: 2410: 2408: 2404: 2396: 2394: 2391: 2386: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2371: 2367: 2363: 2358: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2314: 2310: 2307: 2302: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2291: 2286: 2285: 2279: 2276:, journalist 2275: 2271: 2270: 2264: 2262: 2259:"—typically, 2258: 2254: 2249: 2247: 2243: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2214: 2209: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2184: 2178: 2176: 2172: 2169:, a pregnant 2168: 2164: 2160: 2155: 2153: 2149: 2146:In 2003, the 2142:United States 2141: 2136: 2134: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2112: 2110: 2106: 2098: 2096: 2094: 2090: 2085: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2056: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2031: 2026: 2024: 2019: 2017: 2012: 2011: 2009: 2008: 1998: 1995: 1991: 1988: 1987: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1976: 1975:Social stigma 1973: 1969: 1966: 1964: 1961: 1959: 1956: 1955: 1954: 1951: 1949: 1946: 1944: 1941: 1939: 1936: 1934: 1931: 1929: 1926: 1922: 1919: 1918: 1917: 1914: 1912: 1909: 1907: 1904: 1902: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1892: 1889: 1887: 1884: 1882: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1845: 1842: 1841: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1784: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1750: 1749: 1740: 1739: 1729: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1657: 1654: 1653: 1652: 1649: 1647: 1644: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1618: 1609: 1608: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1582:State atheism 1580: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1547: 1546: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1524: 1521: 1519: 1518:Jim Crow laws 1516: 1515: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1503:One-drop rule 1501: 1499: 1497: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1418:Blood quantum 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1405: 1396: 1395: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1359:Victimisation 1357: 1355: 1354:Trans bashing 1352: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1324:Religious war 1322: 1320: 1317: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1307: 1305: 1304:Racialization 1302: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1254: 1253: 1250: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1186: 1183: 1182: 1181: 1178: 1176: 1175:Glass ceiling 1173: 1169: 1166: 1165: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1118:Ethnic hatred 1116: 1114: 1111: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1096: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1053:Counter-jihad 1051: 1049: 1046: 1044: 1041: 1039: 1036: 1034: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1021: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1012: 1009: 1008: 999: 998: 988: 985: 983: 980: 978: 975: 973: 970: 968: 965: 963: 960: 958: 955: 953: 950: 948: 945: 943: 940: 938: 935: 933: 930: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 915: 913: 910: 908: 905: 903: 900: 898: 895: 893: 890: 888: 885: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 870: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 848: 845: 843: 840: 836: 835:United States 833: 831: 828: 826: 823: 822: 820: 818: 815: 813: 810: 808: 805: 803: 800: 798: 795: 793: 790: 788: 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 743: 740: 738: 735: 731: 728: 726: 723: 721: 718: 717: 716: 713: 711: 708: 706: 703: 699: 698:United States 696: 694: 691: 689: 686: 685: 684: 681: 679: 676: 674: 671: 669: 666: 664: 661: 659: 656: 654: 651: 650: 644: 638: 637: 627: 624: 622: 619: 617: 614: 612: 611:Protestantism 609: 607: 604: 600: 597: 596: 595: 592: 586: 583: 581: 578: 576: 573: 571: 568: 567: 566: 563: 562: 561: 558: 554: 551: 549: 546: 545: 544: 541: 539: 536: 532: 529: 527: 526:LDS or Mormon 524: 522: 519: 517: 514: 512: 509: 508: 507: 504: 502: 499: 497: 494: 492: 489: 488: 482: 477: 476: 466: 463: 461: 458: 454: 451: 449: 448:Transmisogyny 446: 444: 441: 440: 439: 436: 432: 429: 427: 424: 423: 422: 419: 417: 414: 412: 409: 407: 404: 402: 399: 397: 394: 392: 389: 387: 384: 382: 379: 377: 374: 372: 369: 367: 364: 362: 359: 357: 354: 352: 351:Gerontophobia 349: 347: 344: 342: 339: 337: 334: 332: 329: 327: 324: 322: 319: 317: 314: 312: 309: 307: 304: 302: 299: 297: 294: 292: 289: 287: 284: 282: 279: 277: 274: 272: 271:Anti-intersex 269: 267: 264: 262: 259: 257: 254: 252: 249: 247: 246:Anti-albinism 244: 242: 239: 237: 234: 232: 229: 228: 219: 218: 208: 205: 203: 200: 198: 195: 193: 190: 188: 185: 183: 180: 176: 173: 171: 168: 167: 166: 163: 161: 158: 156: 153: 151: 148: 146: 143: 141: 138: 136: 133: 131: 128: 126: 123: 121: 118: 116: 113: 111: 108: 107: 98: 97: 87: 84: 82: 79: 77: 74: 72: 71:Institutional 69: 68: 59: 58: 54: 50: 49: 46: 42: 38: 34: 33: 30: 19: 7240:Technophobia 7228:Technophilia 7071:Echo chamber 6929:Rage farming 6757: 6704:Infotainment 6555: 6551: 6529: 6520: 6499:November 23, 6497:. Retrieved 6492: 6483: 6473:February 21, 6471:. Retrieved 6467: 6457: 6443: 6429: 6420:The Atlantic 6418: 6409: 6397:. Retrieved 6392: 6368:December 15, 6366:. Retrieved 6362: 6352: 6342:December 15, 6340:. Retrieved 6328: 6318: 6309: 6300: 6288:. Retrieved 6284: 6274: 6262:. Retrieved 6257: 6248: 6239: 6230: 6221: 6212: 6203: 6194: 6186:The Guardian 6185: 6176: 6164:. Retrieved 6159: 6149: 6137:. Retrieved 6126: 6118:the original 6113: 6103: 6091:. Retrieved 6085: 6075: 6063:. Retrieved 6059:the original 6054: 6044: 6035: 6025: 6016: 6006: 5994:. Retrieved 5989: 5980: 5952: 5930:. Retrieved 5919: 5908: 5896:. Retrieved 5890: 5880: 5868:. Retrieved 5857: 5845: 5825: 5818: 5806:. Retrieved 5802:the original 5791: 5782: 5773: 5765:the original 5755: 5743:. Retrieved 5738: 5729: 5717:. Retrieved 5712: 5702: 5690:. Retrieved 5683: 5674: 5648: 5643: 5635:the original 5630: 5620: 5611: 5589: 5580: 5568:. Retrieved 5564: 5554: 5542:. Retrieved 5538: 5528: 5516:. Retrieved 5512: 5502: 5490:. 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