243:
152:
30:
258:. With other young women imprisoned in the Warsaw Ghetto, she was forced to work in a brush factory. As the final liquidation of the ghetto approached, Zdrojewicz and her colleagues deserted their jobs and descended into the sewers, stockpiling arms to resist the Nazis. She later testified that she smuggled arms into the ghetto in her boots and kept a cache under her bed. During the uprising, women deployed
183:. The report was intended to promote Stroop's efficiency as a commander and excuse his failure to clear the ghetto quickly. The report memorialized the supposed heroism of the SS men who participated in the suppression of the uprising, especially the sixteen who were killed by Jewish fighters. For comparison, more than 7,000 Jews were shot during the uprising, the vast majority noncombatants.
316:
1158:
305:
Agile as acrobats, shooting with a pistol in each hand ... dangerous in hand-to-hand contact ... when a woman like this was caught, she appeared scared as a rabbit, thoroughly despairing, and suddenly, when a group of our men was nearby, she pulled out a grenade hidden in her skirt or in her pants
282:. Zdrojewicz survived, but Rachela Wyszogrodzka did not. Zdrojewicz immigrated to Israel in 1946, married (changing her name to Horenstein), and had four children. Due to her injuries she was considered 75% disabled by the Israeli authorities. Horenstein's testimony was published by
265:
As the uprising was crushed, Zdrojewicz and some other resistance members hid in an underground bunker with stockpiled weapons, but they were found and forced out by SS men. According to
Zdrojewicz, the Germans lined the Jews up against the wall and shot some of them, including
338:
on white armbands, and the combatants discarded their armbands because they considered them humiliating symbols of Nazi oppression. Because of the lack of historical accuracy, some people objected to the cover. The cover was reissued without the Star of David badges.
306:
and threw it at them with a string of curses on her lips ... In these instances we suffered losses, so that I ordered that these women not be held nor allowed to approach, but to finish them off with submachine guns.
914:
545:
218:". Instead of being killed or murdered, Jews were "destroyed". Three copies of the report were made, for Himmler, Krüger, and Stroop. One copy of the Stroop Report is held by the
134:, dragged out for four weeks. The Germans had to set the ghetto on fire, pump poison gas into bunkers, and blast the Jews out of their positions in order to march them to the
365:
330:
cover for a Polish stamp commemorating the seventieth anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto
Uprising. The original cover was controversial, since the graphic designer added
1210:
1205:
223:
820:
326:
The photograph is known as a famous representation of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising and of Jewish resistance during the
Holocaust. The photograph was used for the
1135:
231:
77:, the SS officer who commanded the suppression of the uprising, admired the bravery of female combatants and included the photograph in one of the copies of
574:
1200:
907:
1161:
740:
480:
126:
entered the ghetto with tanks in order to liquidate the ghetto. They expected to quickly defeat the poorly armed Jewish insurgents, but instead the
119:
staged armed resistance. Jews began to dig bunkers and smuggle weapons into the ghetto. On 19 April 1943, about 2,000 soldiers under the command of
144:
and
Treblinka. The hopeless act of defiance became "one of the most significant occurrences in the history of the Jewish people", according to the
369:
145:
131:
900:
377:
175:
took photographs to document the events. Selected photographs and communiqués were compiled, along with a summary of German actions, as the
1215:
961:
242:
82:
803:
708:
674:
642:
612:
219:
1140:
1003:
1185:
443:
1180:
931:
871:
766:
923:
112:
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484:
279:
68:
160:
1018:
954:
116:
976:
172:
29:
966:
514:
1033:
168:
1195:
488:
127:
94:
42:
1023:
1095:
357:
159:
During the suppression of the uprising, Stroop sent daily communiqués to Higher SS and Police Leader
120:
38:
1190:
1115:
795:
Women & Gender in
Central and Eastern Europe, Russia, and Eurasia: A Comprehensive Bibliography
417:
327:
108:
991:
799:
793:
704:
670:
638:
608:
373:
259:
698:
632:
334:
to the left lapels of the women. In fact, Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto were forced to wear blue
1105:
315:
298:
227:
180:
123:
74:
1145:
1064:
944:
875:
519:
207:
199:
191:
949:
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335:
1174:
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247:
176:
136:
104:
98:
78:
63:
46:
394:
451:
331:
319:
741:"Fotostrecke – Bild 11 – Aufstand im Warschauer Ghetto: "Sie haben Angst vor uns""
724:
664:
602:
1074:
546:""L'Enfant juif de Varsovie. Histoire d'une photographie", de Frédéric Rousseau"
211:
203:
17:
892:
666:
Holocaust
Literature: A Handbook of Critical, Historical, and Literary Writings
283:
270:, the woman in the center of the photograph. Zdrojewicz and Bluma's sister,
215:
164:
226:, which did not include this photograph, was entered into evidence at the
550:
294:
141:
45:, took shelter in a bunker with a weapons cache, and were forced out by
575:"Only the oppressor has a name. The story of the boy from the picture"
767:"IDEA – ALM : לוחמות יהודיות במרד גטו ורשה, שנתפסו בידי הגרמנים"
254:
The only woman in the photograph who survived was the one at right,
579:
314:
301:
later described the bravery of the Jewish women who took up arms:
241:
150:
28:
872:"Specjalne znaczki na rocznicę Powstania w Getcie – zdjęcie nr 3"
896:
274:, the woman on the left of the photograph, were marched to the
246:
The photograph appeared on the cover of a 1948 book about the
115:. In January 1943, when the Germans resumed deportations, the
604:
Photographing the
Holocaust: Interpretations of the Evidence
33:
From right: Małka
Zdrojewicz, Bluma and Rachela Wyszogrodzka
368:. Vol. 2. Translated by Fishman, Samuel. Bloomington:
151:
821:"Zafałszowane obchody 70. rocznicy wybuchu Powstania"
196:
Es gibt keinen jüdischen
Wohnbezirk in Warschau mehr!
214:", or "rats" and their deportation and murder as a "
1128:
1088:
1042:
1011:
1002:
930:
103:During the summer of 1942, most of the Jews in the
634:The Holocaust: A History of Courage and Resistance
356:Freilich, Miri; Dean, Martin (2012). "Warsaw". In
792:Livezeanu, Irina; Worobec, Christine D. (2007).
700:Jugendopposition 1933-1945: ausgewählte Beiträge
291:Mit Waffen gefangene Weiber der Haluzzenbewegung
303:
908:
41:depicts three Jewish women who fought in the
8:
1136:Evidence and documentation for the Holocaust
366:Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945
232:National Archives and Records Administration
658:
656:
654:
626:
624:
444:"Stroop Report (full high resolution copy)"
289:The original caption of the photograph was
1008:
915:
901:
893:
692:
690:
688:
686:
362:Ghettos in German-Occupied Eastern Europe
544:Jeannelle, Jean-Louis (8 January 2009).
508:
506:
188:The Jewish Quarter of Warsaw is No More!
81:. The photograph has become symbolic of
1211:Polish women in World War II resistance
703:(in German). Lukas Verlag. p. 98.
539:
537:
370:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
348:
146:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
132:Jewish resistance against the Holocaust
438:
436:
434:
1206:Polish Jews who died in the Holocaust
987:Captured Hehalutz fighters photograph
475:
473:
471:
469:
186:The original title of the report was
7:
1157:
972:Lietūkis Garage Massacre photographs
481:"Stroop's Report in the new version"
360:; Dean, Martin; Hecker, Mel (eds.).
322:photoshopped onto the women's lapels
962:Ivanhorod Einsatzgruppen photograph
393:Tomasz Stempowski (17 March 2013).
230:, and is held by the United States
155:Photograph 26 of the Warsaw version
71:, where Wyszogrodzka was murdered.
53:(center), was shot. The other two,
637:. Behrman House, Inc. p. 99.
83:Jewish resistance to the Holocaust
25:
1201:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising insurgents
513:Kirsch, Adam (23 November 2010).
220:Institute of National Remembrance
1156:
1141:The Holocaust in popular culture
607:. I.B.Tauris. pp. 208–209.
669:. Greenwood Press. p. 87.
448:Tiergartenstrasse 4 Association
297:women captured with weapons").
573:Nowik, Mariusz (19 May 2018).
395:"Zdjęcia z powstania w getcie"
262:and other improvised weapons.
206:the Jews, describing them as "
1:
941:Auschwitz concentration camp
924:Photography of the Holocaust
819:Erec Israel (6 April 2013).
798:. M.E. Sharpe. p. 113.
113:Treblinka extermination camp
49:soldiers. One of the women,
1216:Black-and-white photographs
485:Jewish Historical Institute
280:Majdanek concentration camp
69:Majdanek concentration camp
61:(left) were marched to the
1232:
1019:Auschwitz Erkennungsdienst
955:Sonderkommando photographs
847:"Polskie znaczki pocztowe"
663:Friedman, Saul S. (1993).
224:Another copy of the report
179:, a personal souvenir for
117:Jewish Combat Organization
92:
1154:
977:Sobibor perpetrator album
967:The Last Jew in Vinnitsa
416:Raskin, Richard (2007).
161:Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger
418:"The Boy in the Photo?"
1186:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
729:. The Authority. 1968.
697:Schilde, Kurt (2007).
631:Stadtler, Bea (1994).
601:Struk, Janina (2004).
323:
308:
251:
195:
169:Propaganda Company 689
156:
128:Warsaw Ghetto uprising
95:Warsaw Ghetto uprising
43:Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
34:
1181:Holocaust photographs
1043:Victims and survivors
1024:Friedrich Franz Bauer
771:www.infocenters.co.il
358:Geoffrey P., Megargee
318:
245:
154:
130:, the largest act of
32:
1096:Paul Richard Averitt
491:on 24 September 2018
272:Rachela Wyszogrodzka
121:SS and Police Leader
59:Rachela Wyszogrodzka
39:Holocaust photograph
1116:Arnold E. Samuelson
726:Yad Vashem Bulletin
140:and deport them to
79:his official report
328:first day of issue
324:
268:Bluma Wyszogrodzka
252:
157:
51:Bluma Wyszogrodzka
35:
1168:
1167:
1124:
1123:
992:Warsaw Ghetto boy
379:978-0-253-00202-0
260:Molotov cocktails
222:(IPN) in Warsaw.
16:(Redirected from
1223:
1162:Commons category
1160:
1159:
1106:Kenan Kutub-zade
1009:
917:
910:
903:
894:
887:
886:
884:
882:
868:
862:
861:
859:
857:
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837:
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827:on 23 April 2016
823:. Archived from
816:
810:
809:
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778:
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757:
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541:
532:
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529:
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515:"Caught on Film"
510:
501:
500:
498:
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487:. Archived from
477:
464:
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459:
454:on 30 March 2015
450:. Archived from
440:
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428:
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413:
407:
406:
404:
402:
390:
384:
383:
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278:and deported to
256:Małka Zdrojewicz
228:Nuremberg Trials
216:cleansing action
181:Heinrich Himmler
67:and deported to
55:Małka Zdrojewicz
21:
18:Małka Zdrojewicz
1231:
1230:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1164:
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1146:Holocaust films
1120:
1084:
1065:Mendel Grossman
1038:
998:
945:Auschwitz Album
934:and collections
933:
926:
921:
891:
890:
880:
878:
876:Gazeta Wyborcza
870:
869:
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520:Tablet Magazine
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372:. p. 459.
355:
354:
350:
345:
313:
240:
238:People depicted
200:Nazi propaganda
101:
93:Main articles:
91:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1101:J Malan Heslop
1098:
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1086:
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1060:Alberto Errera
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1055:Wilhelm Brasse
1052:
1050:Francisco Boix
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1029:Franz Suchomel
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397:. fototekst.pl
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336:Stars of David
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198:). Reflecting
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1196:Stroop Report
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1111:George Rodger
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874:(in Polish).
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851:Poczta Polska
849:(in Polish).
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805:9780765624444
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332:yellow badges
329:
321:
320:Yellow badges
317:
310:
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302:
300:
299:Jürgen Stroop
296:
292:
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276:Umschlagplatz
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248:Stroop Report
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202:, the report
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177:Stroop Report
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137:Umschlagplatz
133:
129:
125:
124:Jürgen Stroop
122:
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105:Warsaw Ghetto
100:
99:Stroop Report
96:
88:
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84:
80:
76:
75:Jürgen Stroop
72:
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66:
65:
64:Umschlagplatz
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
37:A well-known
31:
27:
19:
1012:Perpetrators
986:
950:Höcker Album
879:. Retrieved
866:
854:. Retrieved
841:
829:. Retrieved
825:the original
814:
794:
787:
775:. Retrieved
770:
761:
749:. Retrieved
744:
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719:
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665:
633:
603:
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586:23 September
584:. Retrieved
578:
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558:24 September
556:. Retrieved
549:
526:23 September
524:. Retrieved
518:
495:23 September
493:. Retrieved
489:the original
458:23 September
456:. Retrieved
452:the original
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423:23 September
421:. Retrieved
411:
399:. Retrieved
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173:Franz Konrad
158:
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57:(right) and
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50:
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26:
1075:Henryk Ross
932:Photographs
773:(in Hebrew)
747:(in German)
745:Der Spiegel
554:(in French)
204:dehumanized
1191:1943 works
1175:Categories
1089:Liberators
1034:Franz Wolf
881:11 October
856:11 October
831:10 October
343:References
284:Yad Vashem
89:Background
777:3 October
751:3 October
401:8 October
551:Le Monde
295:Hehalutz
234:(NARA).
142:Majdanek
109:deported
1129:Related
208:bandits
802:
707:
673:
641:
611:
376:
311:Legacy
192:German
165:Kraków
580:TVN24
107:were
883:2018
858:2018
833:2018
800:ISBN
779:2018
753:2018
705:ISBN
671:ISBN
639:ISBN
609:ISBN
588:2018
560:2018
528:2018
497:2018
460:2018
425:2018
403:2013
374:ISBN
212:lice
210:", "
171:and
97:and
163:in
111:to
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190:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
