Macchi C.202 Folgore - Knowledge (XXG)

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1941, the C.202 had appeared on the Libyan front. However, according to aviation author Gianni Cattaneo, the type may have been more of a hindrance than help in that theatre, attributing this to the pilots flying it only being semi-trained, which was in turn caused by the type being rushed into service as Axis air superiority had faded in North Africa, and a lack of spares to maintain it with. The C.202 had a better time on the home front, where supplies were more plentiful and units had more time to prepare and familiarise themselves with the type. The type was quickly put to use outside of North Africa, seeing limited service against the

471:. The prototype differed in some respects from the production aircraft; the headrest fairing incorporated two windows for rear visibility, while production versions replaced this with a narrower, scalloped headrest. The square-sectioned supercharger air intake was replaced by an elongated round sectioned fairing, which was later redesigned to incorporate a dust filter. From the onset of flying trials, it was evident that the C.202 was an advanced design for the era, owing much of its performance to the use of the Daimler Benz DB 601, which represented a departure from the standard practice of using engines of Italian origin. 617:

the tail and contained the radio, oxygen and flight control mechanisms. The canopy was hinged on the starboard base and opened sideways. Behind the canopy, the pilot's headrest was fixed to a triangular turn-over pylon which was covered by a streamlined, tapered fairing. This fairing was shaped into an inverted 'T' which enabled the pilot to have a reasonable field of view to the rear. The unpressurised cockpit had an armor plate fitted behind the armored seat for protection. While early C.202s had a very short "stub" radio mast projecting from the fairing, most used a tall, slim mast.

1122: 493:, where it reportedly met with an enthusiastic response from test pilots. A speed of 603 km/h (375 mph) was recorded during testing, while an altitude of 5,486 m (18,000 ft) was attained within the space of six minutes; in addition, little of the favourable manoeuvrability of the earlier C.200 had been lost. Another of its positive attributes was its extremely strong construction, which allowed its pilots to dive the aircraft steeply. The performance figures gathered during these tests indicated that Italy had caught up with both 1787:, no room to mount them inside the wings or the nose, so the MC.205V/Ns was developed. Nevertheless, the XII series could have introduced a new wing with MG 151 provisions. This is not well documented, as this series was produced by Breda after the Armistice, and was interrupted with the devastating USAAF bombings, together with many other aircraft; among them, also Macchi 205 production and the 206 prototype (30 April 1944; in five days, the USAAF destroyed both Fiat and Macchi facilities, eliminating all of Italy's fighter production). 1895: 1872: 1928: 1957: 2006: 629: 858: 676: 547: 1394: 344: 43: 1783:. One aircraft (Serie III, s/n MM 91974) was fitted with a pair of gondola-mounted 20 mm cannon with 200 rounds each (it flew on 12 May 1943); later it was turned into a C.205V. Another four examples were so equipped, but, despite the good results in the trials (aimed to boost the Folgore's firepower), there was no further production, because the cannons penalized the aircraft's performance. There was, in the 475: 741: 2119: 1226:), and on 8 May 1943, almost all their C.202s were destroyed on the ground by marauding Spitfires. Only eleven aircraft were repaired by 10 May 1943 and retreated to Italy. Because no transport aircraft were available every surviving fighter had two men inside, a pilot and a mechanic. At least one was destroyed and the two crewmen wounded after crash-landing on a beach near 4455: 4479: 538:, also served as another sub-contractor on the C.202, ultimately building around 100 fighters of the type. For some time, supplies of the DB 601 engine continued to be provided directly from Germany in order to supplement Italian production. Throughout the type's production life, manufacturing was near-permanently constrained by the limited availability of the engine. 1981: 1755:, North Africa); they affected the speed little and so, almost all Folgores had them and thus were in C.202AS standard; finally, starting with Serie XI there was a provision for two 50, 100 or 160 kg bombs, small bombs clusters (10, 15, 20 kg) or 100 L drop tanks. These underwing pylons were rarely utilized, as Folgores were needed in the interceptor roles. 4467: 637:

added 100 kg (220 lb) to the aircraft's weight and were typically removed by pilots to save weight, since they were relatively ineffective against most enemy aircraft in 1942. A synchronizing unit allowed the nose guns to fire through the propeller disk, but with a 25% loss in rate of fire. A "San Giorgio" reflector gun sight was fitted.

1623:. During a period of intensive activity in mid-1944, the squadron had claimed some 20 Allied aircraft shot down. By late 1944, those C.202s that were still in a flight-worthy condition, based in Borovo, were used by Croatian cadets for training purposes. During September 1944, Luftwaffe pilots flew all of the remaining airworthy 719:

The Macchi's mass was around 300 kg (660 lb) higher than the comparable Bf 109E German fighter, consequently, the power-to-weight ratio was considerably lower while wing loading was higher. The relatively high diving speed of the type has been attributed to the exceptionally clean design of its fuselage.

1380:(Crimea) in a holding action against the VVS armada of 2,000 aircraft, at a time when the Axis air forces only countered with 300 operative aircraft, which were further constrained by having very small quantities of fuel, munitions and equipment available. On 17 January 1943, the last effective operation of 819:. Although first deployed in mid-1941, the C.202 did not see action until later that year; this delay came as a consequence of the many defects that were discovered upon the first fighter deliveries. Some defects appeared similar to those on the early C. 200 version: on 3 August, during a mock dogfight, 636:

Initially, all the armament was fitted within the nose of the Macchi. Ammunition carried was up to 800 rounds (standard: 700 rounds). An additional pair of Breda 7.7 mm (.303 in) machine guns was fitted in the wings in the VII series onward, but these, along with 1,000 rounds of ammunition,

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fuselage. Both the wing and fuselage structures were metal, with a single vertical tail, and a wing of relatively conventional design with two main spars and 23 ribs. The ailerons, elevators and rudder were metal structures with fabric covering. The trailing edge of the wing inboard of the ailerons

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The empty weight of the new C.202 (approximately 2,350 kg/5,180 lb) gradually increased throughout production, and due to the thickness of metal used it was also comparatively heavy, yet this class of aircraft was still considered lightweight compared to other contemporary fighter designs.

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variety. Another 80 L (21.1 US gal) fuel tank was placed behind the pilot, along with a pair of additional tanks, each with a capacity of 40 L (10.5 US gal), being housed in the wing roots; the total fuel capacity was 430 L (113.6 US gal). Jettisonable tanks, containing

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One of the differences between prototype and series production was the lack of radio antenna and the retractable tailwheel (these differences resulting in a slightly higher top speed); the difference in speed was not so great and so, the series version had the fixed tailwheel and the radio antenna.

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and could not recover or bail out, losing his life. The oxygen system was also regarded as being inefficient, causing, at least during the first sorties, up to 50/60 per cent of the pilots to abandon their missions and in some cases having been determined to have caused fatal accidents. By November

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Mario Castoldi, the designer of the 202 questioned whether Reiner had properly flown the test. In fact, during the vertical dive, Reiner had to face very strong vibrations throughout the airframe and in the control stick, while the flying controls were locked and the propeller blades were jammed at

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The main coolant radiator was housed in a rectangular fairing under the fuselage beneath the cockpit, and the oil cooler was placed under the nose within a streamlined, rectangular housing. From the cockpit aft, the fuselage was formed into a round monocoque structure; the aft fuselage tapered into

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Like its predecessor C.200, the C.202 had relatively few modifications, with only 116 modifications during its career, most of them invisible, externally. The total series production ordered was 1,454: 900 to Breda, 150 to SAI Ambrosini, 403 to Aermacchi. The amount produced was actually 1,106 and

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As a consequence of the Allied aerial bombing against the Italian Social Republic, during which the manufacturing facilities of the Macchi company had sustained damage during 1944, both the production life and combat career of both the C.202 and the further refined C.205 were cut short. Post-war,

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fighters. During March 1944, they were scrambled for the first time against an American raid west of Zagreb but combat was avoided; Croatian Macchi pilots had been initially instructed to attack only those aircraft which had already been damaged or had become separated from their main formations.

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Some of the defects present on the new fighter could have been easily resolved, such as a tendency for the landing gear to inadvertently lower when pulling out of a steep dive, a machine gun bonnet that often broke, frequent jamming of the ammunition belts and the rapid crystallizing and eventual

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of the engine Castoldi extended the left wing by 21 cm (8.5 inches) so that the left wing developed more lift, offsetting the tendency of the aircraft to roll to the left due to the rotation of the propeller. The wing was a two spar structure, attached to the fuselage center section via

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per aircraft to complete, the Macchi routinely needed in excess of 22,000 man-hours. The growth of the C.202 project was slower than that of the rival Re. 2001 effort; but, by employing both mass production techniques and less expensive advanced technologies, the production cost was slightly less

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had placed an order for 20 C.202s, however, none of these were ever delivered; this was due to the deteriorating war situation at the time (May 1943) that meant that Italy no longer had the capability to export these types of aircraft. During mid-1944, at least 12 C.202s, and probably another 12

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According to aviation authors Dragan Savic and Boris Ciglic, Croatian pilots did not at first have a high opinion of the Macchi fighter, in part due to its armament consisting of just a pair of 12.7 mm and two 7.7mm machine guns, which were regarded as scarcely effective against the heavily

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The C.202s played a significant role in the defense of Sicily and Southern Italy against bombing attacks launched by the USAAF, however, by the time of Allied invasion of Sicily during July 1943, their effectiveness had been diminished considerably as a result of attrition, which had reduced the

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delivered the first Spitfires to Malta, and the Axis' air-superiority started to shift in favour of the Allies. At the end of June, however, about 60 C.202s could be mustered in Sicily to operate against Malta, which had been receiving the Spitfire Mk. V in ever-increasing quantities. The Macchi

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was modified with DB 601E-1 (1,350 PS) in mid-1944, but this hybrid with Bf 109F technology crashed on 21 January 1946. The MC.204 was a version with a L.121 Asso (1,000 hp); proposed early in the war (28 September 1940), but all the effort continued only with DB 601 engines. Early Folgores had

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around 30. In a month of combat, the latter lost a total of eight fighters to raids. On the night of 28 December 1941 the SAS managed to destroy a further nine aircraft. After this attack the Italians were forced to move their remaining aircraft well away from the front lines to avoid incurring

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to power their aircraft; consequently, during the second half of the 1930s, the Italian aeronautical industry had been sufficiently de-incentivised to the point of completely avoiding the development of more powerful engines based on streamlined liquid-cooled designs, which would become popular

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attacked Gambut airfield destroying and damaging many Allied aircraft surprised while taking off. Even if often outnumbered, the C.202s achieved 22 confirmed air victories against Hurricanes and P-40s for the loss of just five of their number, a kill/loss ratio of 4,4/1, bettering the Bf 109s'

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II, which formed the island's main form of aerial defence at the time. However, the Macchi's main weakness, its weak armament, proved to be a problem even at this stage. Over the skies of the besieged island, the new Macchi fighter was not only used to conduct fighter operations, but also for

326:. Its radios were also unreliable, routinely forcing pilots to communicate by waggling their wings. The C.202 was lightly armed relative to its contemporaries, with just a pair of machine guns that had a tendency for jamming. To improve its performance it was developed into its successor: the 322:, who fought a wide variety of German, Italian and Japanese fighters during 1941–45, later stated that the C.202 was "one of the best and most undervalued of fighters". The type also had well-known design flaws: in particular, like the C.200, the C.202 was prone to suddenly entering dangerous 1278:

during October–November 1942. In this theatre, the fighters were operated under adverse climate conditions (40° to 45° below zero and heavy snow storms) as well as frequently coming under heavy harassment from Russian fighter-bombers. As a consequence of these operational circumstances, 21°

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As a result of the favourable flight test reports, the C.202 was immediately ordered into production; the first examples (built by Macchi as Serie II) appearing in May 1941. However, the complexity of the structure was not well suited to mass production, and resulted in a relatively limited

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shearing of the air cleaner intake caused by vibrations generated by the engine. Other defects, such as the unreliability of the radio sets and of the oxygen systems and the limited armament could not be addressed with such ease. However, different types of radio sets and accompanying

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airfield. Two weeks later, another four aircraft arrived; one of these was reportedly lost during a test-flight. The first batch of 16 "Folgores" delivered to the ZNDH was from the XII series, built by Breda following the German occupation of Northern Italy. These fighters equipped

1051:(1964), stated: "Sleek, supremely fast (..) the 202 was capable of out-turning our P-40s with ease; but the majority would pull away effortlessly into a climbing roll off or a roll off the top when things became at all hectic... Their aircraft was superior to ours on all counts." 364:

radial to power its C.200 fighter. However, by 1941, the C.200, which was armed with a pair of 12.7 mm (.50 in) machine guns and capable of a maximum speed of 504 km/h (315 mph), was considered to be obsolete in comparison to competitors in production overseas.

944:, one of two simultaneous Allied convoys sent to supply Malta in the Axis-dominated central Mediterranean Sea in mid-June 1942, C.202s were involved in clashing with Sea Hurricanes. It was during this time that the Axis had to abandon their plans for the invasion of Malta, 1384:

occurred, when a single mixed formation of 25 surviving Macchi fighters (out of a remaining total of 30 C.200s and nine C.202s) attacked several Red Army armored and motorized infantry columns in support of German and Italian units that were encircled in Millerovo.

451:. His new project was robust and small, utilizing a conventional but complex structural arrangement based on his experience with wooden designs, and at the same time paying great attention to its aerodynamics (Castoldi had previously designed the 417:

While waiting for domestic production of the engine by Alfa Romeo to ramp up, Aeronautica Macchi decided to import a single DB 601Aa engine; this was initially performed as a private venture without any state support. Macchi chief of design

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that incorporated the imported DB 601Aa. During January 1940, formal design work on the new fighter commenced and, shortly thereafter, construction began on a single prototype of the design. Castoldi, whose background included working on

1595:(Zagorje). According to some sources, during these first sorties, Croat C.202s claimed between 11 and 16 aerial victories, but only three further were confirmed. During May 1944, the Croatians received four C.202s from the Luftwaffe in 876:

From early October 1941, the Italian units commenced extensive operations over Malta, which provided many opportunities for encounters with RAF fighters. From its initial combat missions, the C.202 displayed marked superiority over the

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with six squadrons of C.200s and C.202s at El Hamma. Although these forces were insufficient they nevertheless achieved notable successes. On 6–7 March 1943, C.202 pilots claimed 19 RAF and two USAAF aircraft, for the loss of two

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where, between 1941 and 1943, together with C.200s, the fighter reportedly achieved an 88 to 15 victory/loss ratio. However, according to authors Jeffery Ethell and Pietro Tonizzo, that ratio refers only to the C.200 "Saetta".

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pilots were forced to communicate with one another by waggling their wings and, consequently, had to adopt formations that were too tight and less effective in combat. Their performance had also suffered due to the lack of

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the C.202s performed successfully against the assorted fighters of the Desert Air Force, typically using "dive and zoom" tactics, similar to those of Luftwaffe fighters. In the morning of 26 May, about 60

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machine guns and an armored windscreen (previously, only the armored seat and the self-sealing tanks were provided). Serie IX's weight was 2,515/3,069 kg with the 7.7 machine guns seldom installed.

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and ovoidal formers. It was significantly better streamlined than the preceding C.200 to increase performance by reducing parasitic drag. The forward section housed both the main armament and the

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vs 600,000); this latter, the only other DB 601 fighter in mass production, was slower and heavier (2.460/3.240 kg) but had a bigger wing and a more advanced and adaptable structure.

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the last operational Axis units lost their air superiority in the Mediterranean. The Germans and the Italians succeeded in establishing a bridgehead in Tunisia, and later in December the

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The Macchis continued fighting while retreating to Tunisia and then in the defence of Sicily, Sardinia and Italy against an increasingly stronger opponent. The Macchis of two groups at

2366: 768:(Monsoon). Due to initial delays in engine production, Macchi resorted to completing some C.202 airframes as C.200s, powered by Fiat-built radial engines. Nevertheless, by late 1942, 1823:

Macchi MC.202 with DB 605 were initially known as MC.202 bis; later as the C.205 Veltro. Macchi C.200, C.202 and C.205 shared many common components. The MC.200A/2 was a MC.200 with

1643:, had reportedly initially regarded the Macchis as "old, weary and unusable", and described the morale of his men as "low", and his unit's results as "nil", primarily because of the 668:, the 81 mm Italian rounds were still shorter than the standard 12.7x99 mm rounds of the American "Ma Deuce"; with the result that the energy at the muzzle was 10,000 3859:

Sgarlato, Nico (December 1977). "Le chasseur italienne par excellence... Macchi C.202 "Folgore" (3)" [An Excellent Italian Fighter, the Macchi C.202 "Folgore", Part Three].

1167:, significantly boosting their endurance. By the end of the year, the growing strength of the Allied forces was overwhelming and after the defeat in the skies over Malta as well as 3842:

Sgarlato, Nico (November 1977). "Le chasseur italienne par excellence... Macchi C.202 "Folgore" (2)" [An Excellent Italian Fighter, the Macchi C.202 "Folgore", Part Two].

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Sgarlato, Nico (October 1977). "Le chasseur italienne par excellence... Macchi C.202 "Folgore" (1)" [An Excellent Italian Fighter, the Macchi C.202 "Folgore", Part One].

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against its contemporaries. During its service life, the C.202 was deployed on all fronts in which Italy was involved. During late 1941, it commenced offensive operations over

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were frequently impressed with its performance and manoeuvrability. The C.202 was often considered to have been superior to both the British Hawker Hurricane and the American

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during the latter's reconnaissance missions, as well as for German transport aircraft. During one such mission, on 11 December 1942, which involved the escorting of several

2061:. Currently the aircraft has the markings of the ace Giulio Reiner. Not all the parts of the aircraft are original (a panel of the engine cowling comes from a Macchi C.205 1647:'s underdeveloped air-raid warning system, which saw the Croatian Macchi fighters often taking off to intercept attacking Allied bombers that were already flying overhead. 1724:

not 1,220 as previous stated. Breda built 649 (Series XVI deleted, Series XII and XV partially completed caused the difference); Aermacchi made 390 examples, SAI only 67.

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would have been superior to the Messerschmitt Bf 109 had it been better armed. The C.202 was lightly armed by the standards of the time carrying the same armament as the

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wings (MM.8238). After the Armistice, Aeronautica Sannita or the Co-Belligerent Italian AF began MC.205 modifying C.202s with DB 605s. These aircraft were known also as

1860: 1258:(Major) Ettore Foschini, brought new C.202s and 18 new Macchi C.200 fighters. During August 1942, at the beginning of the German offensive, they were deployed at the 620:

Situated behind the engine and under the 12.7 mm (.5 in) ammunition boxes there was a single 270 L (71.3 US gal) fuel tank; all tanks were of the

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number available. Furthermore, it was increasingly recognised that 20 mm cannons were required in order to cause enough damage, thus a mixture of Bf 109F/Gs,

4509: 2101:, US, in 1945, as FE-300, was stored for many years. Restoration was completed in mid-1970. No identity marking was found, though this is the least reconstructed 1707:

Mk. V. The C.202 was able to out-turn all three, although the Spitfire possessed a superior rate of climb. The C.202 could effectively fly against the Hurricane,

1884: 1535: 118: 1333:, Stalino and Tscerkow, the Italian air units were operated in a series of defensive actions against a more potent Soviet air offensive, consisting mainly of 4064: 1656:

some of the aircraft which had survived the conflict were joined by a small number of newly manufactured C.205s. The surviving aircraft were operated by the

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Nevertheless, the C.202's pilots were able to achieve many successes against the British Spitfires. The top scoring Italian pilots in this theatre included

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maximum pitch. The clean aerodynamics offered by the inline engine permitted dive speeds high enough for pilots to encounter the then-unknown phenomenon of

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Equipped with cameras for photo-reconnaissance missions (R – Ricognizione, Reconnaissance), very few produced, later the recce role was covered by Veltros.

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operations. The C.202 continued to be used in North Africa as late as mid-1943, by which point the type was withdrawn to support defensive efforts in

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in Maltese skies was to last only until the end of November, when most of the unit was transferred to the deteriorating North Africa front. The 4°

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was put into production using imported DB 601Aa engines, while Alfa Romeo set up production of the engine under license as the RA.1000 R.C.41-I

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remaining, of which roughly 100 aircraft were still considered to be in a serviceable condition. Several C.202s served with the Allied-aligned

597: 565:, the principal differences being the use of an Italian-built version of the German Daimler-Benz DB 601Aa engine and the adoption of a revised 1534:

About 20–22 Macchi C.202s were flown by Croatia, who typically operated them in the interceptor role against Allied bombers. During 1944, the

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after having already shot down 10 enemy aircraft. On 5 July 1943, Lucchini was killed in his C.202 while attacking a B-17 over Gerbini,

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C.T., the most successful Italian unit over Malta, having reportedly achieved a score of 97 aircraft destroyed for the loss of only 17

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When they were able to conduct combat operations, the C.202 were frequently used as escorts alongside their older C.200 siblings for

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C.202s flew the first sortie, on 21 April, claiming a Spitfire V, while escorting three more "recce" Macchis from 54º Stormo. The 4º

245:. As per company tradition, Macchi aircraft designed by Mario Castoldi received the "C" letter in their model designation, hence the 4036: 4006: 3991: 3961: 3946: 3916: 3901: 3818: 3803: 3778: 3723: 3708: 3651: 3636: 3621: 3577: 3562: 3547: 3490: 3393: 2774:, January 2001. p. 21, gives a ratio of 2.1 kg/hp for the Bf 109, 2.5 for the MC.202, 2.1 for the Spitfire VC and 3.3 for the P-40E. 2328: 527: 1502:, credited with 22 individual "kills" plus two probables, as well as 14 shared. Seventeen of these victories were obtained in 73ª 1106:, was one of the most powerful fighter forces that the Italians fielded in the war, and constituted almost a tenth of the overall 4057: 2356: 1947: 1449: 1044: 1179:, which had left Libya and retreated to Tunisia, had previously repatriated all unserviceable aircraft to Italy. By early 1943, 1398: 1298:

bombers in attacks against Soviet columns, during which they would typically be facing aerial opposition from great numbers of

396: 1283:– which had 17 C.202s on strength – were rarely able to conduct sorties; as such, only a total of 17 missions were flown with 832: 1563:(HZL) fighter squadron had returned to Croatia from service on the Eastern Front. Upon its return, the HZL was redesignated 4401: 2086: 1689: 1657: 1414: 870: 680: 4445: 1027:

was in Libya, both units taking part in the last stages of the British offensive that led to the raising of the siege of

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On 10 August 1940, less than seven months following the start of design work and two months after Italy's entry into the

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abroad. As a result of this preference, Italian aircraft manufacturer Macchi Aeronautica was forced to rely on the aging

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At least one such aircraft was modified to server as a "drone director" (coupled with S.79s), and it was planned to use

845: 304: 296: 1571:; this unit was equipped with Macchis. A second training / operational conversion squadron was also formed, designated 4050: 664:" ammunition — while its cartridges were longer than the 13 x 64 mm rounds of its German rough equivalent, the 3743:

Nijboer, Donald: "Spitfire V vs C.202 Folgore – Malta 1942 (Osprey Duel; 60)". Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 2014.

1671:(C.202s), armed with only a pair of 12.7 mm Breda machine guns. Some of these aircraft later fought during the 1121: 969:, which the RAF were making extensive use of to successfully vector their fighters against their aerial opposition. 310:

The Macchi C.202 was flown by almost all of the most successful Italian aces. During mid-1942, in North Africa, the

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was quite a surprise to British pilots and it remained a respected adversary. Squadron Leader Dennis Harry Clark,

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vs. 16,000. The rate of fire was about 18 rounds/second (1,080 rounds per minute) or 0.63 kg (1.39 lb).

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During 1942, Bf 109F/Gs and Macchi C.202s fought against the Allied air forces in North Africa. At the time of

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Kittyhawk that it commonly fought against, at first on the Libyan front, as well as being the equal of the

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Revised and camouflaged C.202 prototype from the rear, showing the three-bladed propeller and wing profile

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on 29 or 30 September 1941; their first mission was the interception of British Hurricanes over Sicily.

239: 578:-actuated main legs retracting inwards into recesses in the wing; the tail wheel was non-retractable. 921:

flew its last mission on Malta on 19 May before moving back to North Africa. In the meantime, the 16°

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Nicolle, David. "Arab-Italian Fighters: Fiats and Macchis in Egyptian and Syrian Service 1948-1956".

2344: 2333: 2318: 1704: 1441: 1369: 1142: 836: 507: 315: 300: 1067: 948:(Operation C 3) due to the aircraft and men being necessary elsewhere. On 7 March 1942, the carrier 4319: 4309: 4304: 1845: 1712: 1055: 976: 661: 530:

was selected to also construct the C.202. Breda would eventually produce the majority of the type.

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and the Italian mainland following their invasion by Allied forces. It also saw limited use on the

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Franco Lucchini, who was credited with 21/26 individual victories and 52 shared, began to fly the

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V-12 inverted liquid-cooled piston engine, 864 kW (1,159 hp) at 2,500 rpm for takeoff

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The Macchi C.202 was flown by almost all of the most successful Italian aces, Adriano Visconti,

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were deployed to replace the remaining C.202s as soon as possible. Mixed units (such as the 51°

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had started to re-equip with the C.202s at the end of 1941. During May 1942, the Macchis of 51°

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Flying Guns: World War II – Development of Aircraft Guns, Ammunition and Istallations 1933–1945

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The support for the engine, originally steel, was replaced with a lighter aluminium structure.

4032: 4017: 4002: 3987: 3972: 3957: 3942: 3927: 3912: 3897: 3864: 3847: 3830: 3814: 3799: 3774: 3758: 3744: 3734: 3719: 3704: 3647: 3632: 3617: 3595: 3573: 3558: 3543: 3486: 3457: 3442: 3389: 2085:, was dramatically displayed in Gallery 205 above the World War II Aviation diorama at the US 2005: 1993: 1941: 1915: 1480: 1326: 1299: 1126: 628: 231:

has been considered to be one of the best wartime fighters to serve in large numbers with the

211: 113: 1660:, where they were used as trainer aircraft as late as 1948 before being phased out entirely. 1514:). On 25 August 1944, Martinoli was killed during a training flight with the P-39 Airacobra. 4471: 4365: 4360: 4350: 4042: 1933: 1353: 1058:

behind enemy lines were often aimed at destroying aircraft on the ground. Macchi 202s of 1°

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either 22 or 33 gallons of fuel, could be installed upon some of the later built aircraft.

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is commonly referred to as the C.202 or MC.202. The C.202 was a development of the earlier

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2 × 50 kg (110 lb), 100 kg (220 lb) or 160 kg (350 lb) bombs

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aircraft, were delivered to the Croatian Air Force Legion for operational use against the

1620: 1488: 1227: 980: 949: 724: 712: 684: 571: 391:

inverted V-12 engine rated at 1,175 PS (1,159 hp, 864 kW); this became the

42: 3956:(in Polish). Sandomierz, Poland/Redbourn, UK: Stratus/Mushroom Model Publications, 2005. 1559:

and retained their Luftwaffe markings whilst in service with the unit. During 1944, the

287:, where Italian and German forces were engaged in heavy combat against British and later 2477:"The Italian C202 & 205 Fighters – as Good as Many of the Top Line Fighters of WWII" 506:

production rate. According to aviation author Giuseppe Ciampaglia, in comparison to the

4391: 4355: 4334: 4329: 4324: 4299: 2323: 1815:

also as 'Mistel', with an AR.4 "radiobomba" (a form of remote-control kamikaze bomber).

1596: 1393: 1341: 1330: 1295: 1219: 1130: 808: 641: 494: 474: 419: 319: 242: 93: 1763:

Underwing hardpoints for bombs or drop tanks (CB – Caccia Bombardiere, Fighter-Bomber)

4493: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4274: 2094: 2053:(Italian Co-Belligerant Air Force). After the war it was a training aircraft at the 1803:

Prototype with a revised radiator, under the nose, similar to the P-40 (s/n. MM 7768)

1484: 1422: 1334: 1307: 531: 468: 452: 356: 288: 3410: 1739:

VII, the fighter had a new wing with a provision for two 7.7 mm (.303 in)

1118:

by adopting the German Dräger "oxygen apparatus" that already equipped the Bf 109s.

779:

The first units selected to be equipped with the C.202 Series I were the 17° and 6°

740: 343: 4459: 3657:

Malizia, Nicola. "L'armamento Dei Velivoli Della Regia Aereonautica" (in Italian).

2306: 2301: 2188: 2181: 1900: 1700: 1612: 1591:

Leopold Hrastovcan against an American B-24 that was shot down near the village of

1410: 1402: 1115: 1083: 841: 788: 559: 464: 423: 399:, which was designed in 1936. During November 1939, the Italian automotive company 388: 284: 250: 224: 182: 172: 238:

The C.202 was designed by a team headed by the company's chief of design, Italian

4269: 4264: 4259: 4254: 4249: 4244: 4239: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4113: 4108: 4103: 4093: 4088: 3644:

Aermacchi Bagliori di Guerra – Flashes of War (Macchi MC.200- MC.202 – MC.205/V)

2277: 2090: 1740: 1680: 1303: 1246:, which had reached its operational limit, was replaced by the newly formed 21° 1164: 1103: 566: 261: 1159:

authorized the use of under-wing jettisonable tanks on the C.202s of 6° and 7°

4174: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4154: 4149: 4144: 4139: 3503:

Ciampaglia, Giuseppe. "La Produzione Aeronautica nella II GM." (in Italian)."

2283:

2 × 7.7 mm (0.303 in) Breda-SAFAT machine guns in the wings, 500 rpg

1636: 1580: 1311: 1291: 1168: 649: 575: 400: 3868: 3851: 3834: 3519:

Quelli del Cavallino Rampante – Storia del 4° Stormo Caccia Francesco Baracca

1066:

had been transferred from Italy one month before and recently relocated from

652:, a 1933 design. The C.202 carried as standard two 12.7 mm (.5 in) 4073: 2022: 1909: 1576: 1542:(ZNDH), received several batches of C.202s. During January, eight brand-new 1464: 1426: 1267: 1032: 960:

suffered from the lack of a more powerful armament and, without radios, the

913:

equipped with some C.202s besides the Macchi C.200s and Fiat CR.42s. The 4°

824: 816: 582: 431: 377: 361: 206: 123: 82: 17: 2118: 890:, later to become a famed ace and credited with at least 10 air victories. 702:(Technical Bureau) recorded the maximum speed of 1,078.27 km/h in the 3526:

Solo coraggio! La storia completa della Regia Aeronautica dal 1940 al 1943

3521:(in Italian). Roma: Aeronautica Militare – Ufficio Storico, 2007. NO ISBN. 2239:

600 km/h (370 mph, 320 kn) at 5,600 m (18,400 ft)

1679:; the Egyptian fighters were reportedly still in service as late as 1951. 303:, the type was mostly used as a trainer aircraft. It was also operated by 4134: 3926:(in English). Petersfield, Hampshire: Mushroom Model Publications, 2012. 2208:

2 × 100 L (26.4 US gal; 22.0 imp gal) drop tanks

1592: 1434: 1271: 1199: 589: 511: 435: 414:; it was this engine that was to be used in the production of the C.202. 373: 276: 1090:" ("Aviation Corps"), based in North Africa, had three Macchi wings: 1° 807:. Their pilots started to train on the new fighter in May–June 1941, at 660:, the model from which it was derived. The Breda fired 12.7x81 mm " 3882:

Sgarlato, Nico. "Macchi Folgore" (in Italian). Publisher unknown, 2008.

2173: 2098: 2058: 1437:) were formed with C.202s, yet were often serving with C.205s as well. 1263: 1259: 804: 355:

During the 1930s, the Italian military authorities chose to adopt only

275:

In combat, it very quickly proved itself to be an effective and deadly

3791:(in Italian). Parma, Italy: Albertelli Edizioni speciali s.r.l., 1997. 3671:

Massiniello, Giorgio. "Lo Sviluppo del (Macchi) Veltro (in Italian)."

1667:

ordered a total of 42 C.205s, but 31 of these were in fact re-engined

706:

in a vertical dive, with 5.8 G. forces while pulling out of the dive.

1676: 1600: 1547: 1523: 1365: 1349: 1035:

in December. During its initial combats over the Western Desert, the

1028: 812: 694:

Giulio Reiner, one of the most skillful and experienced pilots of 9°

605: 292: 1852:, with another 11 'real' MC.205s (with MG 151 cannon in the wings). 3678:

Massiniello, Giorgio. "Via da Korba, con ogni mezzo" (in Italian).

3885:

Sgarlato Nico. "Reggiane fighters (Delta Editions)" (in Italian).

2413: 2411: 2409: 2407: 2117: 2026: 2004: 1986: 1859: 1604: 1551: 1392: 1270:

airfields, typically performing ground attack strikes against the

1134: 1120: 966: 856: 792: 739: 674: 669: 627: 586: 545: 523: 473: 342: 280: 2569: 2567: 2565: 2563: 2561: 1844:

After the war, 31 C.202 airframes were fitted with license-built

1607:

airfield. Around June 1944, the Croat unit received the last six

1587:

On 24 April 1944, the first confirmed air victory was claimed by

823:

Antonio Valle – an experienced pilot, credited with two kills in

3514:(in Italian). Modena, Italy: Edizioni Stem Mucchi 1994. NO ISBN. 1377: 1195: 979:(a 7 kills ace, shot down and killed on 27 July 1942 by RAF ace 516: 4046: 3217: 3215: 3811:

Croatian Aces of World War II (Osprey Aircraft of the Aces-49)

3771:

Eagles over Gazala: Air Battles in North Africa, May–June 1942

3471:. New York/Toronto: Farrar & Rinehart Inc., 1943. NO ISBN. 1644: 1023:

were sent to Africa, and by the end of the month the whole 1°

886:

missions. Among the pilots who flew recce C.202s on Malta was

835:) – at a height of 4,000 metres (13,000 ft) entered in a 482:

Following its initial flights, the prototype was flown to the

3583:

Ghergo, Federico. "La Caccia Italiana 1940–43" (in Italian).

1603:; during the ferry flight, a single Macchi crash landed near 1302:(VVS) fighters. The C.202 were also regularly used to escort 3796:

Battle over Malta: Aircraft Losses & Crash Sites 1940–42

3685:

Mattioli, Mario. "L'esordio del Macchi C 202" (in Italian).

2499: 2497: 1318:

Gino Lionello was shot down and forced to bail out from his

901:

returned to Sicily at the beginning of April 1942, with 10º

698:, flew the "military control flight" in Lonate Pozzolo, The 3696:(in Italian). Milan, Italy: Mondadori Electa Editore, 2006. 3205: 3203: 3201: 1234:

lost a total of 22 C.202s in the air and 47 on the ground.

1222:

were forced to concentrate 40 C.202s (both 7° and 16°, 54°

3528:(in Italian). Parma, Italy: Delta Editrice, 2000. No ISBN. 1567:, while its operational fighter squadron was redesignated 1003:

On 29 July 1941, the three first operational C.202s of 4°

260:

Aa engine and featuring a redesigned fuselage for greater

3701:

The Hamlyn Concise Guide to Axis Aircraft of World War II

3572:. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications, 1980. 3476:

Le Macchine e la Storia, Profili 1: Macchi MC 202 Folgore

3441:(Sampson Low Guides). Maidenhead, UK: Sampson Low, 1978. 3478:(in Italian). Modena, Italy: STEM-Mucchi, 1970. No ISBN. 3256: 3254: 905:, to Castelvetrano. The airport was already the base of 510:

E/F, which was rated at typically requiring 4,500–6,000

3664:

Marcon, Tullio. "Hawker in Mediterraneo (in Italian)."

3313: 3311: 2367:

List of Regia Aeronautica aircraft used in World War II

1070:

because the airbase was too exposed to SAS attacks. 1°

4016:. Ramsbury, Marlborough, UK: The Crowood Press, 2003. 3941:(in Polish). Wrocław, Poland: Ace Publications, 1997. 3718:. Ramsbury, Marlborough, UK: The Crowood Press, 2000. 3535:(in Italian). Parma, Italy, Albertelli, 1979. No ISBN. 2462: 2460: 1202:

in the northern sector, and in the southern sector, 3°

4443: 3500:. Windsor, Berkshire, UK: Profile Publications, 1966. 1631:

armed US four-engined bombers. Eastern front veteran

1627:

to Borongaj, where they were used only for training.

3907:

Shores, Christopher, Brian Cull and Nicola Malizia.

3892:

Shores, Christopher, Brian Cull and Nicola Malizia.

3485:. Malta: Modelaid International Publications, 1996. 3454:

Stalingrad—The Air Battle: 1942 through January 1943

1215:, an attack unit, downed no fewer than 10 aircraft. 613:

that were both statically and dynamically balanced.

256:, powered by an Italian-built version of the German 4410: 4384: 4343: 4127: 4081: 3531:

Emiliani, Angelo – Giuseppe Ghergo – Achille Vigna.

2313:

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

1183:had only 54 serviceable C.202 across 12 squadrons. 314:achieved a ratio kill/loss better than that of the 178: 168: 160: 152: 144: 139: 131: 108: 100: 88: 76: 68: 63: 32: 3110: 3108: 2690: 2688: 2130:The Macchi C.202 and The Complete Book of Fighters 1751:Dust filters for operations in North Africa (AS – 1031:, and the retreat of Italian and German troops in 1011:, landed at Merna airport. On 26 November, during 3361: 3359: 3336: 3334: 3332: 3164: 3162: 3160: 3056: 3054: 3052: 2906: 2904: 2867: 2865: 2757: 2755: 2753: 2751: 2749: 2678: 2676: 2674: 2672: 2670: 2668: 2666: 2589: 2587: 2585: 2583: 2581: 2579: 2551: 2549: 2547: 2545: 2543: 2541: 2539: 2425: 2423: 1692:over Croatia, all of which being ex-LW fighters. 1287:on the Eastern Front during a four-month period. 1175:transferred four fighter squadrons there; the 5ª 596:engine, which drove a Piaggio P1001 three-blade, 422:commenced work on mating the Macchi C.200 wings, 227:. According to aviation author David Mondey, the 4027:Winchester, Jim. "Macchi M.C.202 and M.C.205V." 3080: 3078: 3068: 3066: 4029:Aircraft of World War II: The Aviation Factfile 3875:Sgarlato, Nico. "Macchi Folgore" (in Italian). 3191: 3189: 3187: 3185: 3183: 2397: 2395: 2280:machine guns in the engine cowling, 360/400 rpg 497:and Germany in the field of fighter airplanes. 4012:Williams, Anthony G. and Dr. Emmanuel Gustin. 3607:Famous Fighters of the Second World War, vol.2 3605:Green, William. "The Macchi-Castoldi Series". 2014:Macchi C.202 "73-7/M.M. 9667 (serial no. 366)" 772:outnumbered all other fighter aircraft in the 4058: 3616:. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI Publishing, 2001. 1885:Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia 1536:Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia 744:An early Macchi C.202 (no radio mast) of 81ª 455:, the world's fastest aircraft of its time). 447:as the main designer of new fighters for the 119:Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia 8: 3879:1998 (8): 8–20. Parma, Italy: West-Ward sas. 3689:, 1996. Parma, Italy: Ermanno Albertelli Ed. 3469:Malta Spitfire: The Story of a Fighter pilot 3384:Green, William; Swanborough, Gordon (1994). 515:than that of the Reggiane Re.2001, (525,000 2832:. Modena, Edizioni Stem Mucchi 1994, p. 10. 987:Ennio Tarantola. Both pilots flew with 51° 209:Aeronautica. It was operated mainly by the 4065: 4051: 4043: 3305:Sgarlato Nico, Folgore Monography Feb 2008 2441: 2439: 2437: 2435: 1125:Wrecked fighters in a destroyed hangar at 29: 3787:Pesce, Giuseppe and Giovanni Massimello. 2263:174.2 kg/m (35.7 lb/sq ft) 1695:Those allied pilots who flew against the 1639:(used to flying Bf 109 Gs) and the CO of 3939:Macchi C.202 Folgore, seria "Pod Lupa" 7 3003:Massimello, Giorgio. "Il SAS e la R.A." 2946:Beurling with Roberts 1943, pp. 165–166. 2109:VI to IX, probably the M.M. 9476 sample. 2105:survivor. It may have originally been a 1329:between December 1942 – January 1943 at 861:A C.202 in camouflage scheme, circa 1941 679:A C.202 on display at the Smithsonian's 4450: 3733:, No. 55, Autumn 1994, pp. 32–36. 3646:(in Italian). Rome: Ibn Editore, 2002. 3612:Green, William and Gordon Swanborough. 3557:. Shepperton, UK: Ian Allan Ltd, 1979. 3542:. Glasgow: HarperCollins/Jane’s, 1995. 3411:"The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage" 3025: 2991: 2503: 2382: 2245:765 km (475 mi, 413 nmi) 1619:), the fighters themselves remained at 1540:Zrakoplovstvo Nezavisne Države Hrvatske 1458:(National Republican Air Force) of the 1194:C.T. with three squadrons of C.202s at 656:. The Breda design was as heavy as the 604:. As with the C.200, to counteract the 574:. The undercarriage had two widely set 3894:Malta: The Hurricane Years (1940–1941) 3682:. Parma, Italy: Ermanno Albertelli Ed. 3496:Cattaneo, Gianni. "The Macchi C.202." 3439:World Aircraft: World War II, Volume I 3437:Angelucci, Enzo and Paolo Matricardi. 2417:Angelucci and Matricardi 1978, p. 219. 2114:Specifications (C.202CB Serie IV-VIII) 1831:. Around two dozen were made. Another 1376:4 and 5 detached at the same base and 1250:composed of 356ª, 382ª, 361ª and 386ª 1102:had 57(47). This, coupled with the 32 4510:World War II Italian fighter aircraft 3510:De Marchi, Italo and Pietro Tonizzo. 3467:Beurling, George and Leslie Roberts. 3037:Emiliani, Ghergo, Vigna 1979, p. 111. 2093:, Washington, DC. Still airworthy at 1996:operated some Macchi C.202 until 1948 1495:, Furio Niclot Doglio and top scorer 1110:production. During April 1942 the 4° 1054:In the desert war, incursions by the 956:could out-turn the Spitfire, but the 581:The fuselage of the C.202 was a semi- 7: 4031:. Kent, UK: Grange Books plc, 2004. 3694:Aerei Militari: Caccia e Ricognitori 3568:Gentilli, Roberto and Luigi Gorena. 3553:Ethell, Jeffrey L. and Joe Christy. 3533:REGIA AERONAUTICA: I FRONTI AFRICANI 3474:Borgiotti, Alberto and Cesare Gori. 2828:De Marchi, Italo – Tonizzo, Pietro. 2169:16.82 m (181.0 sq ft) 2009:C.202 of the Smithsonian Institution 1230:. During the Tunisian operation the 1114:solved the frequent problems to the 829:Medaglia di Bronzo al Valor Militare 570:was occupied by a pair of all metal 3999:Allied Fighter Aces of World War II 3609:. London: Macdonald, 1962. No ISBN. 3592:Spitfire: The Illustrated Biography 3388:. London: Salamander. p. 360. 2651:Gentilli and Gorena 1980, pp. 5, 7. 2216:Alfa Romeo RA.1000 R.C.41-I Monsone 2157:10.58 m (34 ft 9 in) 1848:engines and sold to Egypt as C.205 1820:C.202 with DB 605 and other engines 1397:A Macchi C.202 captured during the 1094:had 47 C.202s (40 serviceable), 2° 609:steel forgings; it was fitted with 594:Alfa Romeo RA.1000 R.C.41-I Monsone 522:In order to expand production, the 467:, the sole prototype conducted its 4001:. London: Greenhill Books, 1997. 3631:. London: Sphere Books Ltd, 1989. 2163:3.49 m (11 ft 5 in) 2151:8.85 m (29 ft 0 in) 1971:Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana 1864:Flight crew boarding a C.202, 1943 1455:Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana 1155:(3,5/1). On 23 December 1942, the 882:performing ground attack runs and 25: 3798:London: Sutton Publishing, 2000. 2730:Williams and Gustin 2003, p. 107. 2329:Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Goudkov LaGG-3 2276:2 × 12.7 mm (0.500 in) 2257:18.1 m/s (3,560 ft/min) 2224:3-bladed constant-speed propeller 2073:Shown in the markings of the 90ª 2045:and subsequently it served in 5° 2025:, Italy. This C.202 was built by 1836:original DB 601s, while from the 727:were installed in some aircraft. 585:structure, comprising four light- 4477: 4465: 4453: 4074:Nieuport-Macchi/Macchi/Aermacchi 3809:Savic, Dragan and Boris Ciglic. 3594:. London: Atlantic Books, 2008. 2928:Shores et al. 1991, pp. 106–110. 2357:List of aircraft of World War II 2021:in Vigna di Valle Airport, near 1979: 1955: 1948:Italian Co-belligerent Air Force 1926: 1893: 1870: 1450:Italian Co-Belligerent Air Force 47:C.202 of Regia Aeronautica 168ª 41: 4515:Single-engined tractor aircraft 3986:. Bristol, UK: Parragon, 1997. 3909:Malta: The Spitfire Year (1942) 3789:Adriano Visconti Asso di Guerra 3757:. London: Penguin Books, 1981. 3456:. Hinckley, UK: Midland, 2007. 3209:Savic & Ciglic 2002, p. 63. 2721:Ethell and Christy 1979, p. 51. 2573:Gentilli and Gorena 1980, p. 5. 2122:3-view drawing of Macchi MC.202 558:was developed from the earlier 526:-based industrial manufacturer 397:Isotta Fraschini Asso XI R.C.40 223:) Air Force) in and around the 4505:1940s Italian fighter aircraft 3703:. London: Bounty Books, 2006. 2251:11,500 m (37,700 ft) 2033:XI sample. In March 1943 this 1918:operated 12 captured aircraft. 1775:, it was another link between 1389:Sicilian and Italian campaigns 1382:Corpo Aereo Italiano in Russia 1079:further losses to such raids. 833:Bronze Medal of Military Valor 528:Società Italiana Ernesto Breda 205:developed and manufactured by 1: 3911:. London: Grub Street, 1991. 3896:. London: Grub Street, 1987. 3755:Hero: The Buzz Beurling Story 3386:The Complete Book of Fighters 3353:, March 2009, pp. 16, 30, 43. 3239:Savic and Ciglic 2002, p. 63. 3230:Savic and Ciglic 2002, p. 82. 3221:Savic and Ciglic 2002, p. 64. 2202:2,930 kg (6,460 lb) 2196:2,491 kg (5,492 lb) 2087:National Air and Space Museum 1690:United States Army Air Forces 1658:Aeronautica Militare Italiana 1415:United States Army Air Forces 1127:Tripoli-Castel Benito Airport 869:first saw service during the 681:National Air and Space Museum 383:that was powered by a German 201:"thunderbolt") is an Italian 55: 27:WWII Italian Fighter Aircraft 4520:Aircraft first flown in 1940 3984:World War II Combat Aircraft 3813:. Oxford, UK: Oxford, 2002. 3512:Macchi MC. 200 / FIAT CR. 32 2830:Macchi MC. 200 / FIAT CR. 32 2633:. Lu-August 2005, pp. 26–27. 2017:Presently on display at the 1878:Independent State of Croatia 1635:Josip Helebrant, an 11-kill 1611:and three or four brand new 1098:had 63 C.200s (52) while 4° 1086:'s offensive on Tobruk, 5ª " 999:North Africa and Pantelleria 409:Alfa Romeo RA.1000 R.C.41-I 3351:I caccia Serie 5 Monography 2466:Matricardi 2006, pp. 70–71. 2070:Macchi C.202 "M.M. 9476(?)" 1840:VII, RC.41s were available. 1440:By the signing of the 1943 1186:By 21 February 1943 the 5ª 981:George "Screwball" Beurling 787:, based at the airfield of 550:The nose of a Macchi C.202D 271:went into service with the 4536: 3614:The Great Book of Fighters 3278:Glancey 2007, pp. 165–166. 3007:, February 2008, pp. 9–10. 2937:Caruana 1999, pp. 175–177. 2919:Caruana 1999, pp. 175-177. 2741:La caccia italiana 1940–43 2051:Aeronautica Cobelligerante 1500:Teresio Vittorio Martinoli 1254:. This unit, commanded by 1049:What Were They Like to Fly 3863:(in French) (97): 12–17. 3846:(in French) (96): 12–15. 3829:(in French) (95): 10–13. 3769:Palermo, Michele (2014). 3680:Storia Militare 1996 (31) 3498:Aircraft in Profile no.28 3248:Sgarlato 1998, pp. 41–45. 1561:Croatian Air Force Legion 1344:. During March 1943, the 1325:After the abandonment of 1274:positions along the east 1242:During May 1942, the 22° 40: 3540:Aircraft of World War II 3177:Cattaneo 1966, pp. 9-10. 2792:Malizia 2002, pp. 92–93. 2770:Marcon, Tullio. "P-40." 2642:Cattaneo 1966, pp. 3, 5. 2454:Winchester 2004, p. 172. 2445:Sgarlato 1998, pp. 8–20. 2362:List of fighter aircraft 2019:Italian Air Force Museum 1665:Royal Egyptian Air Force 1356:Héja I of the Hungarian 1238:Eastern Front operations 654:Breda-SAFAT machine guns 632:A Macchi C.202 in flight 602:constant speed propeller 536:Passignano sul Trasimeno 489:s main test airfield at 443:racers design, followed 3415:m-selig.ae.illinois.edu 3132:Cattaneo 1966, pp. 8-9. 2973:Cattaneo 1966, pp. 6-7. 2810:Cattaneo 1966, pp. 5-6. 2801:Duma 2007, pp. 216–217. 2694:Cattaneo 1966, pp. 4-5. 2611:Ciampaglia 1994, p. 79. 2524:Duma 2007, pp. 232–233. 2429:Cattaneo 1966, pp. 3-4. 2136:General characteristics 1963:Italian Social Republic 1719:Variants and production 1709:Lockheed P-38 Lightning 1460:Italian Social Republic 815:), the airfield of the 3716:In the Skies of Europe 3673:Storia Militare, N.150 3570:Macchi C.202 In Action 3123:De Marchi 1994, p. 10. 3114:Bergström 2007, p. 98. 2340:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-1 2123: 2010: 1865: 1493:Franco Bordoni Bisleri 1444:, there were only 186 1417: 1407:Wright-Patterson Field 1138: 862: 757: 687: 633: 551: 501:Production constraints 479: 368:During July 1939, the 352: 267:During July 1941, the 3967:Skulski, Przemysław. 3952:Skulski, Przemysław. 3937:Skulski, Przemysław. 3922:Skulski, Przemysław. 3861:Le Fana de l'Aviation 3844:Le Fana de l'Aviation 3827:Le Fana de l'Aviation 3773:. Roma: IBN Editore. 3714:Neulen, Hans Werner. 3452:Bergström, Christer. 3374:Cattaneo 1966, p. 10. 3340:Sgarlato 2008, p. 37. 3326:Sgarlato 2008, p. 29. 3317:Sgarlato 2008, p. 36. 3260:Savic and Ciglic 2002 3168:Sgarlato 1998, p. 40. 3046:Borgiotti 1994, p. 3. 2859:Caruana 1999, p. 175. 2739:Massimello, Giorgio. 2703:Sgarlato 1998, p. 33. 2660:Cattaneo 1966, p. 12. 2620:Sgarlato 2005, p. 28. 2602:Caruana 1996, p. 175. 2515:Dunning 2000, p. 209. 2189:NACA 23009 (modified) 2182:NACA 23018 (modified) 2121: 2008: 1863: 1753:Africa Settentrionale 1673:1948 Arab–Israeli War 1396: 1124: 884:aerial reconnaissance 860: 743: 678: 631: 549: 477: 432:horizontal tail units 346: 318:. The Australian ace 299:. Following the 1943 3969:Macchi C.202 FOLGORE 3954:Macchi C.202 Folgore 3924:Macchi C.202 Folgore 3666:Storia Militare N.80 3481:Caruana, Richard J. 3365:Skulski 2012, p. 22. 3195:Skulski 2012, p. 57. 3154:Cattaneo 1966, p. 9. 3084:Skulski 2012, p. 37. 3072:Skulski 2012, p. 36. 3060:Cattaneo 1966, p. 7. 2955:Skulski 2012, p. 29. 2910:Cattaneo 1966, p. 6. 2871:Skulski 2012, p. 25. 2850:Malizia 2002, p. 95. 2761:Cattaneo 1966, p. 5. 2682:Cattaneo 1966, p. 4. 2593:Cattaneo 1966, p. 8. 2555:Cattaneo 1966, p. 3. 2533:Mondey 2006, p. 153. 2401:Mondey 2006, p. 155. 2389:Skulski 2012, p. 12. 2345:Supermarine Spitfire 2334:Messerschmitt Bf 109 2319:Curtiss P-40 Warhawk 2037:was assigned to 54° 1771:Likely standing for 1705:Supermarine Spitfire 1546:fighters arrived at 1468:(German Air Force). 1442:Armistice with Italy 1346:Corpo Aereo Italiano 1248:Gruppo Autonomo C.T. 1143:Battle of Bir Hakeim 1074:had 60 fighters, 17° 909:7º and 16º from 54º 893:The presence of the 736:Service introduction 407:the DB 601Aa as the 316:Messerschmitt Bf 109 301:Armistice with Italy 240:aeronautics engineer 3692:Matricardi, Paolo. 3590:Glancey, Jonathan. 3538:Ethell, Jeffrey L. 3269:Spick 1997, p. 117. 3102:Neulen 2000, p. 63. 3016:Duma 2007, pp. 271. 2982:Ethell 1995, p. 71. 2819:Ethell 1996, p. 69. 2712:Ghergo 2006, p. 12. 2506:, pp. 255–264. 2296:Related development 2200:Max takeoff weight: 2029:in early 1943 as a 1846:Daimler-Benz DB 605 1773:Esperimento Cannoni 1713:Bell P-39 Airacobra 1579:, Macchi C.200 and 1530:In Croatian service 1405:being evaluated at 1266:, Kantemirovka and 1015:, 19 Macchis of 9° 977:Furio Niclot-Doglio 827:and recipient of a 756:CT, likely in Libya 731:Operational history 690:On 21 August 1941, 640:Australian air ace 445:Celestino Rosatelli 385:Daimler-Benz DB 601 376:construct a single 328:Macchi C.205 Veltro 258:Daimler-Benz DB 601 64:General information 3971:. MMPBOOKS, 2012. 3932:978-83-614-21-66-5 3877:Aerei Nella Storia 3629:The Forgotten Aces 3483:Victory in the Air 2964:Duma 2007, p. 215. 2898:Duma 2007, p. 277. 2889:Duma 2007, p. 268. 2880:Duma 2007, p. 267. 2841:Duma 2007, p. 223. 2783:Duma 2007, p. 217. 2124: 2011: 2001:Surviving aircraft 1866: 1735:Starting with the 1575:and equipped with 1418: 1327:advanced airfields 1139: 1013:Operation Crusader 946:Operation Herkules 863: 758: 688: 634: 552: 480: 405:license to produce 387:Aa, liquid-cooled 353: 273:Regia Aeronautica. 83:Macchi Aeronautica 4441: 4440: 4411:Purchased designs 4022:978-1-84037-227-4 3982:Snedden, Robert. 3977:978-83-61421-66-5 3794:Rogers, Anthony: 3749:978-1-78200-356-4 3661:, Sebtembre 1997. 3642:Malizia, Nicola. 3627:Jackson, Robert. 3600:978-1-84354-528-6 3555:P-40 Hawks at War 3462:978-1-85780-276-4 3447:978-0-528-88170-1 3409:Lednicer, David. 2043:Regia Aeronautica 1994:Italian Air Force 1942:Regia Aeronautica 1497:Sergente Maggiore 1481:Leonardo Ferrulli 1354:Reggiane Re. 2000 1352:airbase, joining 1300:Soviet Air Forces 1232:Regia Aeronautica 1181:Regia Aeronautica 1173:Regia Aeronautica 1157:Regia Aeronautica 962:Regia Aeronautica 942:Operation Harpoon 821:Sergente Maggiore 774:Regia Aeronautica 760:During 1940, the 554:The Macchi C.202 484:Regia Aeronautica 370:Regia Aeronautica 233:Regia Aeronautica 212:Regia Aeronautica 188: 187: 145:Introduction date 114:Regia Aeronautica 16:(Redirected from 4527: 4482: 4481: 4480: 4470: 4469: 4468: 4458: 4457: 4456: 4449: 4067: 4060: 4053: 4044: 3872: 3855: 3838: 3784: 3587:, February 2006. 3524:Dunning, Chris. 3426: 3425: 3423: 3421: 3406: 3400: 3399: 3381: 3375: 3372: 3366: 3363: 3354: 3347: 3341: 3338: 3327: 3324: 3318: 3315: 3306: 3303: 3297: 3294: 3288: 3287:Cattaneo 1971, . 3285: 3279: 3276: 3270: 3267: 3261: 3258: 3249: 3246: 3240: 3237: 3231: 3228: 3222: 3219: 3210: 3207: 3196: 3193: 3178: 3175: 3169: 3166: 3155: 3152: 3146: 3139: 3133: 3130: 3124: 3121: 3115: 3112: 3103: 3100: 3094: 3093:Massiniello 1996 3091: 3085: 3082: 3073: 3070: 3061: 3058: 3047: 3044: 3038: 3035: 3029: 3023: 3017: 3014: 3008: 3001: 2995: 2989: 2983: 2980: 2974: 2971: 2965: 2962: 2956: 2953: 2947: 2944: 2938: 2935: 2929: 2926: 2920: 2917: 2911: 2908: 2899: 2896: 2890: 2887: 2881: 2878: 2872: 2869: 2860: 2857: 2851: 2848: 2842: 2839: 2833: 2826: 2820: 2817: 2811: 2808: 2802: 2799: 2793: 2790: 2784: 2781: 2775: 2768: 2762: 2759: 2744: 2737: 2731: 2728: 2722: 2719: 2713: 2710: 2704: 2701: 2695: 2692: 2683: 2680: 2661: 2658: 2652: 2649: 2643: 2640: 2634: 2629:Sgarlato, Nico. 2627: 2621: 2618: 2612: 2609: 2603: 2600: 2594: 2591: 2574: 2571: 2556: 2553: 2534: 2531: 2525: 2522: 2516: 2513: 2507: 2501: 2492: 2491: 2489: 2488: 2481:warhistoryonline 2473: 2467: 2464: 2455: 2452: 2446: 2443: 2430: 2427: 2418: 2415: 2402: 2399: 2390: 2387: 2271: 2249:Service ceiling: 2232: 2138: 2055:Accademia Navale 1985: 1983: 1982: 1961: 1959: 1958: 1934:Kingdom of Italy 1932: 1930: 1929: 1903: 1899: 1897: 1896: 1876: 1874: 1873: 1399:Italian campaign 1372:E/G of Romanian 1348:was detached to 1211:. Pilots of 16° 1190:still had the 6° 937:) also arrived. 888:Adriano Visconti 879:Hawker Hurricane 488: 465:Second World War 441:Schneider Trophy 225:Second World War 203:fighter aircraft 57: 45: 30: 21: 4535: 4534: 4530: 4529: 4528: 4526: 4525: 4524: 4500:Macchi aircraft 4490: 4489: 4488: 4478: 4476: 4466: 4464: 4454: 4452: 4444: 4442: 4437: 4406: 4380: 4339: 4123: 4082:Nieuport-Macchi 4077: 4071: 3887:Monography N.17 3858: 3841: 3824: 3781: 3768: 3699:Mondey, David. 3687:Storia Militare 3659:Storia Militare 3585:Storia Militare 3517:Duma, Antonio. 3434: 3429: 3419: 3417: 3408: 3407: 3403: 3396: 3383: 3382: 3378: 3373: 3369: 3364: 3357: 3349:Sgarlato Nico. 3348: 3344: 3339: 3330: 3325: 3321: 3316: 3309: 3304: 3300: 3295: 3291: 3286: 3282: 3277: 3273: 3268: 3264: 3259: 3252: 3247: 3243: 3238: 3234: 3229: 3225: 3220: 3213: 3208: 3199: 3194: 3181: 3176: 3172: 3167: 3158: 3153: 3149: 3140: 3136: 3131: 3127: 3122: 3118: 3113: 3106: 3101: 3097: 3092: 3088: 3083: 3076: 3071: 3064: 3059: 3050: 3045: 3041: 3036: 3032: 3024: 3020: 3015: 3011: 3005:Storia Militare 3002: 2998: 2990: 2986: 2981: 2977: 2972: 2968: 2963: 2959: 2954: 2950: 2945: 2941: 2936: 2932: 2927: 2923: 2918: 2914: 2909: 2902: 2897: 2893: 2888: 2884: 2879: 2875: 2870: 2863: 2858: 2854: 2849: 2845: 2840: 2836: 2827: 2823: 2818: 2814: 2809: 2805: 2800: 2796: 2791: 2787: 2782: 2778: 2772:Storia Militare 2769: 2765: 2760: 2747: 2738: 2734: 2729: 2725: 2720: 2716: 2711: 2707: 2702: 2698: 2693: 2686: 2681: 2664: 2659: 2655: 2650: 2646: 2641: 2637: 2628: 2624: 2619: 2615: 2610: 2606: 2601: 2597: 2592: 2577: 2572: 2559: 2554: 2537: 2532: 2528: 2523: 2519: 2514: 2510: 2502: 2495: 2486: 2484: 2475: 2474: 2470: 2465: 2458: 2453: 2449: 2444: 2433: 2428: 2421: 2416: 2405: 2400: 2393: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2375: 2293: 2272: 2267: 2228: 2134: 2116: 2003: 1980: 1978: 1956: 1954: 1927: 1925: 1894: 1892: 1891: 1871: 1869: 1858: 1721: 1686:Royal Air Force 1677:State of Israel 1653: 1651:Postwar service 1532: 1489:Franco Lucchini 1477: 1391: 1342:Petlyakov Pe-2s 1240: 1228:Reggio Calabria 1150:from 1° and 4° 1001: 855: 738: 733: 713:compressibility 700:Ufficio tecnico 685:Washington D.C. 544: 503: 486: 461: 372:requested that 341: 336: 127: 121: 96: 59: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4533: 4531: 4523: 4522: 4517: 4512: 4507: 4502: 4492: 4491: 4487: 4486: 4474: 4462: 4439: 4438: 4436: 4435: 4430: 4425: 4420: 4414: 4412: 4408: 4407: 4405: 4404: 4399: 4394: 4388: 4386: 4385:Joint ventures 4382: 4381: 4379: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4358: 4353: 4347: 4345: 4341: 4340: 4338: 4337: 4332: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4262: 4257: 4252: 4247: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4227: 4222: 4217: 4212: 4207: 4202: 4197: 4192: 4187: 4182: 4177: 4172: 4167: 4162: 4157: 4152: 4147: 4142: 4137: 4131: 4129: 4125: 4124: 4122: 4121: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4101: 4096: 4091: 4085: 4083: 4079: 4078: 4072: 4070: 4069: 4062: 4055: 4047: 4041: 4040: 4025: 4010: 3995: 3980: 3965: 3950: 3935: 3920: 3905: 3890: 3883: 3880: 3873: 3856: 3839: 3822: 3807: 3792: 3785: 3779: 3766: 3763:0-14-006-266-1 3753:Nolan, Brian. 3751: 3741: 3731:Air Enthusiast 3727: 3712: 3697: 3690: 3683: 3676: 3669: 3662: 3655: 3640: 3625: 3610: 3603: 3588: 3581: 3566: 3551: 3536: 3529: 3522: 3515: 3508: 3501: 3494: 3479: 3472: 3465: 3450: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3427: 3401: 3394: 3376: 3367: 3355: 3342: 3328: 3319: 3307: 3298: 3289: 3280: 3271: 3262: 3250: 3241: 3232: 3223: 3211: 3197: 3179: 3170: 3156: 3147: 3134: 3125: 3116: 3104: 3095: 3086: 3074: 3062: 3048: 3039: 3030: 3028:, p. 222. 3018: 3009: 2996: 2994:, p. 237. 2984: 2975: 2966: 2957: 2948: 2939: 2930: 2921: 2912: 2900: 2891: 2882: 2873: 2861: 2852: 2843: 2834: 2821: 2812: 2803: 2794: 2785: 2776: 2763: 2745: 2732: 2723: 2714: 2705: 2696: 2684: 2662: 2653: 2644: 2635: 2622: 2613: 2604: 2595: 2575: 2557: 2535: 2526: 2517: 2508: 2493: 2468: 2456: 2447: 2431: 2419: 2403: 2391: 2381: 2379: 2376: 2374: 2371: 2370: 2369: 2364: 2359: 2348: 2347: 2342: 2337: 2331: 2326: 2324:Kawasaki Ki-61 2321: 2310: 2309: 2304: 2292: 2289: 2288: 2287: 2284: 2281: 2265: 2264: 2258: 2255:Rate of climb: 2252: 2246: 2240: 2237:Maximum speed: 2226: 2225: 2219: 2209: 2203: 2197: 2191: 2170: 2164: 2158: 2152: 2146: 2115: 2112: 2111: 2110: 2071: 2067: 2066: 2015: 2002: 1999: 1998: 1997: 1990: 1989: 1975: 1974: 1966: 1965: 1951: 1950: 1945: 1937: 1936: 1922: 1921: 1920: 1919: 1905: 1904: 1888: 1887: 1881: 1880: 1857: 1854: 1842: 1841: 1821: 1817: 1816: 1809: 1805: 1804: 1801: 1797: 1796: 1793: 1789: 1788: 1769: 1765: 1764: 1761: 1757: 1756: 1749: 1745: 1744: 1733: 1720: 1717: 1652: 1649: 1641:2./(Kroat.)JGr 1573:3./(Kroat.)JGr 1569:2./(Kroat.)JGr 1531: 1528: 1476: 1470: 1462:(RSI) and the 1423:Macchi MC.205s 1390: 1387: 1335:Ilyushin IL-2s 1331:Voroshilovgrad 1316:Tenente Pilota 1308:Junkers Ju 52s 1304:CANT Z.1007bis 1296:Caproni Ca.311 1239: 1236: 1213:Gruppo Assalto 1068:Bir el Merduma 1047:, in his book 1000: 997: 871:Siege of Malta 854: 851: 809:Lonate Pozzolo 737: 734: 732: 729: 642:Clive Caldwell 598:variable pitch 543: 540: 502: 499: 460: 459:Flight testing 457: 420:Mario Castoldi 357:radial engines 340: 337: 335: 332: 320:Clive Caldwell 243:Mario Castoldi 186: 185: 180: 179:Developed into 176: 175: 170: 169:Developed from 166: 165: 162: 158: 157: 156:10 August 1940 154: 150: 149: 146: 142: 141: 137: 136: 133: 129: 128: 117: 110: 106: 105: 104:Out of service 102: 98: 97: 94:Mario Castoldi 92: 90: 86: 85: 80: 74: 73: 70: 66: 65: 61: 60: 46: 38: 37: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4532: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4497: 4495: 4485: 4475: 4473: 4463: 4461: 4451: 4447: 4434: 4431: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4415: 4413: 4409: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4389: 4387: 4383: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4352: 4349: 4348: 4346: 4342: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4231: 4228: 4226: 4223: 4221: 4218: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4193: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4181: 4178: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4166: 4163: 4161: 4158: 4156: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4143: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4132: 4130: 4126: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4086: 4084: 4080: 4075: 4068: 4063: 4061: 4056: 4054: 4049: 4048: 4045: 4038: 4037:1-84013-639-1 4034: 4030: 4026: 4023: 4019: 4015: 4011: 4008: 4007:1-85367-282-3 4004: 4000: 3997:Spick, Mike. 3996: 3993: 3992:0-7525-1684-1 3989: 3985: 3981: 3978: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3963: 3962:83-89450-06-2 3959: 3955: 3951: 3948: 3947:83-86153-55-5 3944: 3940: 3936: 3933: 3929: 3925: 3921: 3918: 3917:0-948817-16-X 3914: 3910: 3906: 3903: 3902:0-948817-06-2 3899: 3895: 3891: 3888: 3884: 3881: 3878: 3874: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3840: 3836: 3832: 3828: 3823: 3820: 3819:1-84176-435-3 3816: 3812: 3808: 3805: 3804:0-7509-2392-X 3801: 3797: 3793: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3780:88-7565-168-X 3776: 3772: 3767: 3764: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3750: 3746: 3742: 3740: 3736: 3732: 3728: 3725: 3724:1-86126-799-1 3721: 3717: 3713: 3710: 3709:0-7537-1460-4 3706: 3702: 3698: 3695: 3691: 3688: 3684: 3681: 3677: 3674: 3670: 3667: 3663: 3660: 3656: 3653: 3652:88-7565-030-6 3649: 3645: 3641: 3638: 3637:0-7474-0310-4 3634: 3630: 3626: 3623: 3622:0-7603-1194-3 3619: 3615: 3611: 3608: 3604: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3586: 3582: 3579: 3578:0-89747-100-8 3575: 3571: 3567: 3564: 3563:0-7110-0983-X 3560: 3556: 3552: 3549: 3548:0-00-470849-0 3545: 3541: 3537: 3534: 3530: 3527: 3523: 3520: 3516: 3513: 3509: 3506: 3502: 3499: 3495: 3492: 3491:1-871767-12-1 3488: 3484: 3480: 3477: 3473: 3470: 3466: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3435: 3431: 3416: 3412: 3405: 3402: 3397: 3395:1-85833-777-1 3391: 3387: 3380: 3377: 3371: 3368: 3362: 3360: 3356: 3352: 3346: 3343: 3337: 3335: 3333: 3329: 3323: 3320: 3314: 3312: 3308: 3302: 3299: 3296:Sgarlato 2008 3293: 3290: 3284: 3281: 3275: 3272: 3266: 3263: 3257: 3255: 3251: 3245: 3242: 3236: 3233: 3227: 3224: 3218: 3216: 3212: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3198: 3192: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3184: 3180: 3174: 3171: 3165: 3163: 3161: 3157: 3151: 3148: 3144: 3138: 3135: 3129: 3126: 3120: 3117: 3111: 3109: 3105: 3099: 3096: 3090: 3087: 3081: 3079: 3075: 3069: 3067: 3063: 3057: 3055: 3053: 3049: 3043: 3040: 3034: 3031: 3027: 3022: 3019: 3013: 3010: 3006: 3000: 2997: 2993: 2988: 2985: 2979: 2976: 2970: 2967: 2961: 2958: 2952: 2949: 2943: 2940: 2934: 2931: 2925: 2922: 2916: 2913: 2907: 2905: 2901: 2895: 2892: 2886: 2883: 2877: 2874: 2868: 2866: 2862: 2856: 2853: 2847: 2844: 2838: 2835: 2831: 2825: 2822: 2816: 2813: 2807: 2804: 2798: 2795: 2789: 2786: 2780: 2777: 2773: 2767: 2764: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2752: 2750: 2746: 2742: 2736: 2733: 2727: 2724: 2718: 2715: 2709: 2706: 2700: 2697: 2691: 2689: 2685: 2679: 2677: 2675: 2673: 2671: 2669: 2667: 2663: 2657: 2654: 2648: 2645: 2639: 2636: 2632: 2626: 2623: 2617: 2614: 2608: 2605: 2599: 2596: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2584: 2582: 2580: 2576: 2570: 2568: 2566: 2564: 2562: 2558: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2546: 2544: 2542: 2540: 2536: 2530: 2527: 2521: 2518: 2512: 2509: 2505: 2500: 2498: 2494: 2482: 2478: 2472: 2469: 2463: 2461: 2457: 2451: 2448: 2442: 2440: 2438: 2436: 2432: 2426: 2424: 2420: 2414: 2412: 2410: 2408: 2404: 2398: 2396: 2392: 2386: 2383: 2377: 2372: 2368: 2365: 2363: 2360: 2358: 2355: 2354: 2353: 2352: 2351:Related lists 2346: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2335: 2332: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2317: 2316: 2315: 2314: 2308: 2305: 2303: 2300: 2299: 2298: 2297: 2290: 2285: 2282: 2279: 2275: 2274: 2273: 2270: 2262: 2261:Wing loading: 2259: 2256: 2253: 2250: 2247: 2244: 2241: 2238: 2235: 2234: 2233: 2231: 2223: 2220: 2217: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2198: 2195: 2194:Empty weight: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2183: 2180: 2177: 2175: 2171: 2168: 2165: 2162: 2159: 2156: 2153: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2141: 2140: 2139: 2137: 2132: 2131: 2128: 2120: 2113: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2095:Freeman Field 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2069: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2020: 2016: 2013: 2012: 2007: 2000: 1995: 1992: 1991: 1988: 1977: 1976: 1973: 1972: 1968: 1967: 1964: 1953: 1952: 1949: 1946: 1944: 1943: 1939: 1938: 1935: 1924: 1923: 1917: 1914: 1913: 1912: 1911: 1907: 1906: 1902: 1890: 1889: 1886: 1883: 1882: 1879: 1868: 1867: 1862: 1855: 1853: 1851: 1847: 1839: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1819: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1807: 1806: 1802: 1799: 1798: 1794: 1791: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1767: 1766: 1762: 1759: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1747: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1731: 1730: 1729: 1725: 1718: 1716: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1693: 1691: 1687: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1661: 1659: 1650: 1648: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1628: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1613:Macchi C.205s 1610: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1589:Unteroffizier 1585: 1582: 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259: 255: 254: 248: 244: 241: 236: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 213: 208: 204: 200: 196: 195: 192:Macchi C.202 184: 181: 177: 174: 171: 167: 163: 159: 155: 151: 147: 143: 138: 134: 130: 126: 125: 120: 116: 115: 111: 109:Primary users 107: 103: 99: 95: 91: 87: 84: 81: 79: 75: 71: 67: 62: 54: 50: 44: 39: 36: 31: 19: 4314: 4028: 4013: 3998: 3983: 3968: 3953: 3938: 3923: 3908: 3893: 3889:, July 2005. 3886: 3876: 3860: 3843: 3826: 3810: 3795: 3788: 3770: 3754: 3730: 3715: 3700: 3693: 3686: 3679: 3672: 3665: 3658: 3643: 3628: 3613: 3606: 3591: 3584: 3569: 3554: 3539: 3532: 3525: 3518: 3511: 3504: 3497: 3482: 3475: 3468: 3453: 3438: 3432:Bibliography 3418:. Retrieved 3414: 3404: 3385: 3379: 3370: 3350: 3345: 3322: 3301: 3292: 3283: 3274: 3265: 3244: 3235: 3226: 3173: 3150: 3142: 3137: 3128: 3119: 3098: 3089: 3042: 3033: 3026:Palermo 2014 3021: 3012: 3004: 2999: 2992:Palermo 2014 2987: 2978: 2969: 2960: 2951: 2942: 2933: 2924: 2915: 2894: 2885: 2876: 2855: 2846: 2837: 2829: 2824: 2815: 2806: 2797: 2788: 2779: 2771: 2766: 2740: 2735: 2726: 2717: 2708: 2699: 2656: 2647: 2638: 2630: 2625: 2616: 2607: 2598: 2529: 2520: 2511: 2504:Palermo 2014 2485:. Retrieved 2483:. 2018-10-30 2480: 2471: 2450: 2385: 2350: 2349: 2312: 2311: 2307:Macchi C.205 2302:Macchi C.200 2295: 2294: 2268: 2266: 2260: 2254: 2248: 2242: 2236: 2229: 2227: 2221: 2211: 2205: 2199: 2193: 2185: 2178: 2172: 2166: 2160: 2154: 2148: 2142: 2135: 2133: 2129: 2126: 2125: 2106: 2102: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2062: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2030: 1969: 1940: 1908: 1849: 1843: 1837: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1812: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1752: 1736: 1726: 1722: 1701:Curtiss P-40 1696: 1694: 1668: 1662: 1654: 1640: 1632: 1629: 1624: 1616: 1608: 1588: 1586: 1572: 1568: 1565:Kroat. JGr 1 1564: 1557:Kroat. JGr 1 1556: 1543: 1539: 1533: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1496: 1478: 1472: 1463: 1453: 1445: 1439: 1430: 1419: 1411:Dayton, Ohio 1403:World War II 1381: 1373: 1362:Vadászszázad 1361: 1357: 1345: 1337: 1324: 1319: 1315: 1310:en route to 1289: 1284: 1280: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1241: 1231: 1223: 1217: 1212: 1208: 1203: 1191: 1187: 1185: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1160: 1156: 1151: 1147: 1140: 1137:, early 1943 1116:oxygen masks 1111: 1107: 1104:Cant Z.1007s 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1081: 1075: 1071: 1059: 1053: 1048: 1036: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1008: 1004: 1002: 992: 988: 984: 973: 971: 961: 957: 951: 939: 934: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 892: 875: 866: 864: 842:Soviet Union 828: 820: 800: 796: 789:Campoformido 784: 780: 778: 773: 769: 765: 761: 759: 753: 749: 745: 721: 717: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 689: 645: 639: 635: 622:self-sealing 619: 615: 580: 561: 555: 553: 521: 504: 483: 481: 462: 448: 416: 410: 389:supercharged 369: 367: 354: 348: 311: 309: 285:North Africa 272: 268: 266: 262:streamlining 252: 246: 237: 232: 228: 216: 210: 193: 191: 189: 183:Macchi C.205 173:Macchi C.200 153:First flight 132:Number built 122: 112: 78:Manufacturer 52: 48: 34: 18:Macchi C.202 4376:M-311/M-345 3507:, May 1994. 2278:Breda-SAFAT 2230:Performance 2222:Propellers: 2212:Powerplant: 2206:Drop tanks: 2091:Smithsonian 2075:Squadriglia 1741:Breda-SAFAT 1681:Switzerland 1504:Squadriglia 1338:Shturmoviks 1252:Squadriglia 1165:Pantelleria 1141:During the 1009:Squadriglia 803:, based in 746:Squadriglia 658:Browning M2 572:split flaps 567:streamlined 534:, based in 403:acquired a 334:Development 49:Squadriglia 4494:Categories 3143:Macchi 202 3141:Sgarlato, 2487:2023-02-01 2373:References 2167:Wing area: 1808:C.202 AR.4 1637:flying ace 1581:Fiat CR.42 1427:Fiat G.55s 1413:, for the 1360:1 and 2/1 1312:Stalingrad 1292:Fiat BR.20 1169:El-Alamein 1064:Uadi Tamet 783:, from 1° 401:Alfa Romeo 277:dogfighter 58: 1943 4472:Companies 4344:Aermacchi 3869:0757-4169 3852:0757-4169 3835:0757-4169 3739:0143-5450 2378:Citations 2155:Wingspan: 2127:Data from 2023:Bracciano 1910:Luftwaffe 1856:Operators 1829:Folgeltro 1577:Fiat G.50 1510:(from 4° 1465:Luftwaffe 1276:Don river 1268:Millerovo 1163:based in 1062:based at 1033:Cyrenaica 950:USS 837:flat spin 825:Marmarica 644:felt the 590:longerons 583:monocoque 512:man-hours 434:to a new 378:prototype 362:Fiat A.74 351:prototype 219:; Royal ( 148:July 1941 124:Luftwaffe 53:Stormo CT 4484:Aviation 4076:aircraft 3420:16 April 3145:, p. 38. 2743:, p. 11. 2631:Reggiane 2291:See also 2269:Armament 1916:II/JG 77 1813:Folgores 1669:Folgores 1625:Folgores 1593:Zapresic 1516:Capitano 1446:Folgores 1435:Sardinia 1409:outside 1285:Folgores 1272:Red Army 1264:Lughansk 1256:Maggiore 1200:Gammarth 993:Folgores 985:Sergente 974:Capitano 958:Folgores 929:and 23° 895:Folgores 770:Folgores 708:Ingegner 491:Guidonia 436:fuselage 428:vertical 374:Reggiane 289:American 89:Designer 4446:Portals 4335:M.B.323 4330:M.B.320 4325:M.B.308 4320:M.C.205 4315:M.C.202 4310:M.C.201 4305:M.C.200 4300:M.C.100 4099:Parasol 2174:Airfoil 2161:Height: 2149:Length: 2103:Folgore 2099:Indiana 2059:Livorno 2049:, with 2041:of the 2035:Folgore 1901:Germany 1850:Veltros 1833:Folgore 1825:Folgore 1792:C.202RF 1785:Folgore 1781:Folgore 1768:C.202EC 1760:C.202CB 1748:C.202AS 1697:Folgore 1609:Folgore 1544:Folgore 1520:Folgore 1473:Folgore 1320:Folgore 1260:Stalino 1209:Folgore 1148:Folgore 1131:Tripoli 1108:Folgore 1037:Folgore 940:During 867:Folgore 844:on the 805:Gorizia 791:, near 766:Monsone 762:Folgore 725:antenna 704:Folgore 692:Tenente 662:Vickers 646:Folgore 556:Folgore 495:Britain 411:Monsone 393:Re.2001 381:Re.2000 349:Folgore 312:Folgore 305:Croatia 283:and in 269:Folgore 247:Folgore 229:Folgore 221:Italian 199:Italian 194:Folgore 161:Retired 140:History 72:Fighter 35:Folgore 4428:SF.260 4371:MB-340 4366:MB-339 4361:MB-338 4356:MB-335 4351:MB-326 4295:M.C.99 4290:M.C.94 4285:M.C.77 4280:M.C.73 4275:M.C.72 4128:Macchi 4035: 4020: 4005: 3990: 3975: 3960: 3945: 3930: 3915: 3900: 3867: 3850: 3833: 3817: 3802: 3777: 3761: 3747: 3737: 3722: 3707: 3650: 3635: 3620: 3598: 3576: 3561: 3546: 3489: 3460: 3445: 3392: 2243:Range: 2083:Stormo 2079:Gruppo 2077:, 10° 2063:Veltro 2047:Stormo 2039:Stormo 1984: 1960: 1931: 1898: 1875: 1800:C.202D 1777:Veltro 1621:Borovo 1601:Serbia 1548:Zagreb 1524:Sicily 1512:Stormo 1508:Gruppo 1431:Stormo 1370:Bf 109 1368:C and 1366:IAR 80 1350:Odessa 1294:M and 1281:Gruppo 1224:Stormo 1204:Stormo 1192:Gruppo 1161:Gruppo 1152:Stormo 1112:Stormo 1100:Stormo 1096:Stormo 1092:Stormo 1084:Rommel 1076:Gruppo 1072:Stormo 1060:Stormo 1045:A.F.C. 1041:D.F.C. 1029:Tobruk 1025:Stormo 1021:Stormo 1017:Gruppo 1007:, 97ª 1005:Stormo 989:Stormo 983:) and 935:Stormo 931:Gruppo 927:Stormo 923:Gruppo 919:Stormo 915:Stormo 911:Stormo 907:Gruppi 903:Gruppo 899:Stormo 817:Macchi 813:Varese 801:Stormo 799:of 4° 797:Gruppo 785:Stormo 781:Gruppi 754:Stormo 750:Gruppo 696:Gruppo 670:joules 666:MG 131 650:C.R.32 606:torque 562:Saetta 560:C.200 542:Design 508:Bf 109 347:First 339:Origin 293:Sicily 253:Saetta 251:C.200 207:Macchi 101:Status 51:, 54° 33:C.202 4460:Italy 4433:M-290 4423:S-211 4418:AL-60 4402:M-346 4119:Ni.29 4114:Ni.17 4109:Ni.11 4104:Ni.10 2179:root: 2143:Crew: 2107:Serie 2081:, 4° 2031:Serie 2027:Breda 1987:Italy 1838:Serie 1737:Serie 1732:C.202 1633:Major 1605:Zemun 1552:Lucko 1506:, 9° 1220:Korba 1135:Libya 1019:, 4° 967:radar 853:Malta 793:Udine 752:, 1° 748:, 6° 611:flaps 587:alloy 524:Milan 487:' 453:MC.72 324:spins 281:Malta 135:1,150 4392:AM.3 4270:M.71 4265:M.70 4260:M.67 4255:M.53 4250:M.52 4245:M.41 4240:M.40 4235:M.39 4230:M.33 4225:M.26 4220:M.24 4215:M.20 4210:M.19 4205:M.18 4200:M.17 4195:M.16 4190:M.15 4185:M.14 4180:M.12 4094:Ni.6 4089:Ni.4 4033:ISBN 4018:ISBN 4003:ISBN 3988:ISBN 3973:ISBN 3958:ISBN 3943:ISBN 3928:ISBN 3913:ISBN 3898:ISBN 3865:ISSN 3848:ISSN 3831:ISSN 3815:ISBN 3800:ISBN 3775:ISBN 3759:ISBN 3745:ISBN 3735:ISSN 3720:ISBN 3705:ISBN 3648:ISBN 3633:ISBN 3618:ISBN 3596:ISBN 3574:ISBN 3559:ISBN 3544:ISBN 3487:ISBN 3458:ISBN 3443:ISBN 3422:2019 3390:ISBN 2214:1 × 2186:tip: 1779:and 1688:and 1675:the 1663:The 1475:aces 1425:and 1378:Saky 1374:FARR 1358:MKHL 1340:and 1198:and 1196:Sfax 1043:and 952:Wasp 933:(3° 865:The 517:lire 430:and 190:The 164:1951 69:Type 4397:AMX 4175:M.9 4170:M.8 4165:M.7 4160:M.6 4155:M.5 4150:M.4 4145:M.3 4140:L.2 4135:L.1 3505:RID 2057:in 1645:NDH 1617:HZS 1597:Niš 1550:'s 1401:of 1056:SAS 4496:: 3413:. 3358:^ 3331:^ 3310:^ 3253:^ 3214:^ 3200:^ 3182:^ 3159:^ 3107:^ 3077:^ 3065:^ 3051:^ 2903:^ 2864:^ 2748:^ 2687:^ 2665:^ 2578:^ 2560:^ 2538:^ 2496:^ 2479:. 2459:^ 2434:^ 2422:^ 2406:^ 2394:^ 2184:; 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