216:
492:
accepts Jean, Krenak (Aimore), Karaja, Maxakalian, Ofaie, Rikbaktsa, and
Yabutian (Jabuti). Lexical parallels with Kamakanan and Purian have yet to be corroborated with reconstructions; the similarities with Purian disappear once Coropo is reclassified as Maxakalian. It notes suggestive grammatical
2005:
Martins, Andérbio Márcio Silva; Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara Cabral; Maxwel Gomes
Miranda; Lucivaldo Silva da Costa; e Lidiane Szerwinsk Camargos (2016). "O TRONCO MACRO-JÊ: HIPÓTESES E CONTRIBUIÇÕES DE ARYON DALL'IGNA RODRIGUES". In:
6183:
6152:
4838:
1537:
Some Macro-Jê languages from different branches have secondarily contacted with each other, also resulting in lexical loans. Ribeiro (2012), for instance, identifies several
6140:
4819:
6147:
2142:
4684:
6130:
2786:
6135:
6038:
5597:
4797:
278:
The Macro-Jê family was first proposed in 1926, and has undergone moderate modifications since then. Kaufman (1990) finds the proposal "probable".
5985:
4812:
1549:
group. These loans are thought to have entered Mẽbêngôkre from the variety spoken by the Xambioá group of the Karajá people. Examples include
4832:
5546:
4309:
2414:
1728:
1156:
1074:
4828:
4199:
3780:
6188:
2135:
3281:
1134:
1832:
6005:
4466:
5410:
4805:
1756:
5960:
4442:
5970:
4868:
1723:
1289:
493:
similarities with
Bororoan, Kariri, and Chiquitano, of the kind also shared with Tupian and Cariban, but little lexical evidence.
474:
6157:
6025:
5090:
3681:
1299:
Proto-Macro-Jê is notable for having relatively few consonants and a large vocalic inventory. There are also complex onsets with
3600:
3536:
2779:
5314:
4213:
3964:
3455:
6178:
5980:
5975:
5790:
5399:
4326:
3461:
2128:
6079:
5703:
4679:
3286:
3072:
3066:
2990:
1408:
6010:
5990:
4373:
3661:
2275:
5925:
4689:
4674:
3674:
3432:
3393:
459:
5965:
5449:
4448:
3306:
1747:
Kaufman, Terrence. (1990). Language history in South
America: What we know and how to know more. In D. L. Payne (Ed.),
1428:
4669:
4663:
3721:
3639:
3612:
3316:
6000:
5950:
5514:
5109:
4235:
3693:
3351:
3311:
3301:
2476:
2193:
1480:
1115:
6114:
3896:
3491:
3321:
3007:
2772:
826:
55:
5955:
5841:
5756:
5519:
5299:
5196:
4454:
4430:
4405:
4378:
4361:
3269:
2840:
5940:
4647:
3371:
3326:
3296:
2795:
4126:
3958:
3013:
2829:
2345:
5915:
5910:
5465:
4694:
4501:
4138:
3020:
2365:
2270:
2209:
1542:
1424:
855:
1935:. Edited by Harriet E. Manelis Klein and Louisa R. Stark. University of Texas Press, 1985. pp. 286–303.
5945:
4928:
3699:
3624:
3027:
2977:
2455:
2300:
1881:
1092:
383:
251:
131:
973:
6099:
6059:
5935:
5930:
5920:
5905:
5443:
5371:
5215:
5151:
5129:
5094:
4713:
4561:
4356:
4351:
4132:
4085:
3715:
3632:
3291:
3275:
3083:
2984:
2847:
2823:
1348:
106:
3049:
2265:
1810:
6109:
6089:
6074:
6033:
5995:
5780:
5732:
5617:
5344:
5274:
5211:
4759:
4657:
4346:
4149:
3939:
3928:
3890:
3497:
3471:
3376:
3366:
2965:
2816:
929:
428:
5556:
5030:
4185:
2177:
1528:
1214:
890:
320:
6084:
6064:
5866:
5800:
5661:
5605:
5454:
5177:
5037:
4734:
4619:
4491:
4299:
4272:
4255:
4223:
4121:
3835:
3760:
3687:
3466:
3443:
3415:
3346:
3257:
3038:
2688:
2650:
2596:
2533:
2470:
2316:
1597:
1460:
1404:
1384:
1352:
1108:
1010:
6104:
6069:
6043:
5561:
5536:
5429:
5365:
5321:
5270:
5260:
5103:
4955:
4913:
4511:
4415:
4315:
4304:
4266:
4245:
4143:
4102:
3877:
3859:
3853:
3828:
3821:
3814:
3727:
3710:
3449:
3115:
3102:
2996:
2946:
2803:
2664:
2591:
2509:
2444:
2327:
2260:
2217:
1668:
1600:
are found in many, if not all, Macro-Jê languages spoken in Brazil. Examples from
Maxakalí include
1520:
1247:
1192:
1152:
1003:
911:
714:
452:
355:
334:
175:
2281:
1210:
Nikulin (2020) does not accept the following languages and language families as part of Macro-Jê.
902:
5857:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5795:
5737:
5649:
5622:
5524:
5507:
5378:
5354:
5309:
5292:
5255:
5250:
5065:
4948:
4908:
4857:
4425:
4420:
4410:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4367:
4336:
4331:
4284:
4278:
4229:
4174:
4097:
3981:
3945:
3906:
3848:
3655:
3650:
3361:
3120:
3089:
3055:
3043:
3002:
2877:
2628:
2583:
2573:
1711:
996:
987:
917:
529:
481:
417:
409:
169:
148:
142:
5675:
5072:
5051:
4918:
4522:
4485:
2732:
2709:
2695:
2618:
2610:
2540:
2526:
2519:
2497:
2490:
2483:
2464:
2432:
2199:
1538:
1432:
1219:
1186:
1180:
1173:
1141:
1128:
1121:
1098:
1054:
962:
634:
432:
365:
155:
6094:
6015:
5742:
5715:
5682:
5628:
5577:
5493:
5459:
5433:
5405:
5390:
5326:
5232:
5225:
5016:
4963:
4941:
4934:
4877:
4527:
4516:
4496:
4436:
4341:
4321:
4260:
4240:
3951:
3912:
3883:
3871:
3808:
3754:
3732:
3705:
3645:
3618:
3437:
3398:
3388:
3356:
3229:
3155:
3137:
3131:
3033:
2951:
2865:
2834:
2702:
2568:
2399:
2373:
2309:
2255:
2232:
2168:
1752:
1523:
has borrowed extensively from an unidentified Tupí-Guaraní variety; one example is
Chiquitano
1230:
1163:
1026:
980:
882:
820:
757:
664:
618:
591:
470:
436:
391:
296:
1351:
family, which resulted in lexical borrowings. For instance, Ribeiro (2012) finds a number of
5846:
5813:
5769:
5750:
5696:
5655:
5635:
5551:
5500:
5486:
5479:
5472:
5416:
5332:
5245:
5239:
5190:
5122:
5115:
5058:
5044:
5023:
4989:
4984:
4923:
4884:
4744:
4604:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4543:
4537:
4532:
4506:
4399:
4294:
4218:
4156:
4108:
4043:
4036:
4029:
4022:
4015:
4004:
3988:
3923:
3918:
3901:
3842:
3736:
3668:
3579:
3546:
3524:
3514:
3410:
3382:
3331:
3252:
3236:
3222:
3204:
3197:
3183:
3143:
3125:
3109:
3095:
2917:
2900:
2721:
2677:
2638:
2423:
2378:
2322:
2242:
1893:
1672:
1300:
1235:
1225:
1084:
923:
847:
833:
774:
767:
734:
708:
563:
466:
399:
373:
305:
187:
181:
136:
1704:
5872:
5806:
5642:
5586:
5360:
5304:
5157:
5009:
5002:
4995:
4739:
4614:
4599:
4568:
4289:
4250:
4115:
4061:
3933:
3795:
3561:
3556:
3421:
3336:
3217:
3210:
3190:
3172:
3077:
3060:
2859:
2644:
2438:
2354:
2250:
2222:
1546:
1508:
1336:
1061:
868:
861:
797:
728:
699:
644:
598:
578:
546:
328:
312:
235:
101:
5282:
5278:
4903:
2159:
1420:
1279:
1039:
1034:
289:
267:
126:
5900:
5879:
5762:
5725:
5689:
5183:
5169:
5145:
5138:
4749:
4609:
4578:
4549:
4180:
4066:
4049:
3999:
3994:
3865:
3802:
3572:
3566:
3486:
3481:
3427:
3404:
3149:
2971:
2928:
2911:
2905:
2883:
2871:
2755:
2657:
896:
806:
781:
747:
722:
674:
553:
522:
512:
344:
270:, with most other branches currently being single languages due to recent extinctions.
247:
162:
71:
1335:
For a list of Proto-Macro-Jê reconstructions by
Nikulin (2020), see the corresponding
202:
6172:
5668:
5611:
5571:
4633:
4573:
4555:
4071:
4055:
4009:
3766:
3586:
3551:
3541:
3519:
3476:
3341:
2922:
2854:
2739:
2227:
876:
684:
536:
239:
5079:
3530:
1304:
1240:
444:
67:
1898:
1855:
2011:
1284:
1936:
3177:
2114:
1988:. Rio de Janeiro: Junta das Missões Nacionais da Convenção Batista Brasileira.
1329:
215:
1310:
Phonological inventory of Proto-Macro-Jê as reconstructed by
Nikulin (2020):
2764:
501:
Jolkesky (2016) proposes the following internal classification of Macro-Jê:
488:
259:
196:
81:
1993:
Romnhitsi'ubumro: a'uwê mreme = waradzu mreme: Dicionário xavante-português
1347:
Many Macro-Jê languages have been in contact with various languages of the
950:
Nikulin (2020) proposes the following internal classification of Macro-Jê:
2070:. Guajará-Mirim: Universidade Federal de Rondônia. (Masters dissertation).
2063:. Guajará-Mirim: Universidade Federal de Rondônia. (Masters dissertation).
1967:. Série linguística, 1:101–161. Brasília: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
480:
Pache (2018) suggests a distant genetic relationship between Macro-Jê and
263:
88:
77:
63:
2068:
Dicionário
Arikapu/Português – Registro de uma língua indígena amazônica
17:
255:
92:
59:
2109:
1815:(Ph.D. dissertation) (2 ed.). Brasília: Universidade de Brasília.
4754:
4652:
2120:
2091:. Paris: Université Denis Diderot – Paris 7. (Doctoral dissertation).
1946:. Recife: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. (Masters dissertation).
1924:
Arikapú, M.; Arikapú, N.; Van Der Voort, H.; Alves, A. C. F. (2010).
1696:
243:
51:
2000:
Revisão da família lingüística Kamakã proposta por
Chestmir Loukotka
2061:
Dicionário Djeoromitxi-Português: registro da língua do povo Jabuti
2042:. Maceió: Universidade Federal de Alagoas. (Doctoral dissertation).
1919:
Pequeno dicionário indígena Maxakali-Português / Português Maxakali
1792:
1970:
Hall, Joan And Macleod, Ruth Alice And Mitchell, Valerie. (2004).
1749:
Amazonian linguistics: Studies in lowland South American languages
473:
families, and Rodrigues (2000) and Ribeiro connect them all as a
1965:
Gramática karajá: um estudo preliminar em forma transformacional
1812:
Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas
4801:
4773:
Families with question marks (?) are disputed or controversial.
2768:
2124:
1849:
1847:
1710:
Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with
2033:
Dicionário Enciclopédico Inyrybè/Karajá – Português Brasileiro
1383:'garbage (Javaé dialect)') as well as several Karajá loans in
1875:
1873:
1648:); in Karajá, Ribeiro (2012) documents the Portuguese loans
2047:
Dicionário Maxakalí-Português; Glossário Português-Maxakalí
2002:. Brasília: University de Brasília. (Masters dissertation).
1953:. Universidade Federal da Paraíba. (Doctoral dissertation).
1322:
Vowels: */a, â, ə, ə̂, y, o, ô, u, e, ê, i, ə̃, ỹ, ũ, ẽ, ĩ/
2056:. Chicago: University of Chicago. (Doctoral dissertation).
1840:(Ph.D. dissertation). Brasília: Universidade de Brasília.
1986:
Dicionário escolar Xerente-Português, Porturguês-Xerente
1979:
Reconstrução fonológica e lexical do Proto-Jê Meridional
1933:
South American Indian Languages: Retrospect and Prospect
1856:"As línguas Maxakalí e Krenák dentro do tronco Macro-Jê"
2117:: Macro-Jê languages and cultures, from past to present
1972:
Pequeno dicionário xavánte-português, português-xavánte
1951:
Um estudo gramatical da língua Dzubukuá, família Karirí
1928:. (Cadernos de Etnolingüística. Série Monografias, 1).
1854:
Nikulin, Andrey; Silva, Mário André Coelho da (2020).
2040:
Ofayé, a língua do povo do mel: Fonologia e Gramática
2017:
Monteiro, C. (1948). Vocabulário Português-Botocudo.
1780:(Ph.D. dissertation). Chicago: University of Chicago.
1751:(pp. 13–67). Austin: University of Texas Press.
906:
810:
801:
785:
761:
751:
688:
678:
668:
658:
648:
638:
628:
622:
612:
602:
582:
567:
557:
516:
465:
These languages share irregular morphology with the
403:
377:
359:
347:
337:
299:
6123:
6052:
6024:
5893:
5855:
5779:
5713:
5596:
5535:
5428:
5388:
5342:
5269:
5209:
5167:
5089:
4977:
4894:
4867:
4847:
4727:
4704:
4632:
4476:
4198:
4166:
4084:
3973:
3779:
3746:
3599:
3507:
3251:
3165:
2942:
2893:
2802:
2719:
2675:
2627:
2609:
2582:
2561:
2554:
2507:
2454:
2422:
2413:
2391:
2364:
2344:
2299:
2241:
2208:
2185:
2176:
2167:
2158:
2019:
Boletim do Museu Paulista, Documentação Lingüística
1273:
1265:
1260:
195:
120:
100:
42:
32:
1931:Davis, Irvine. "Some Macro-Jê Relationships". In:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1671:or from an extinct variety close to Chiquitano in
1995:. Campo Grande: Missão Salesiana de Mato Grosso.
1793:Contributions to Chibchan Historical Linguistics
1771:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1667:There is a significant number of loanwords from
6184:Indigenous languages of South America (Central)
1960:. Rio de Janeiro: Museu Nacional. (Manuscript).
1804:
1802:
1314:Consonants: */p, m, w, t, n, r, c, ñ, j, k, ŋ/
2012:https://doi.org/10.5902/fragmentum.v0i46.23392
4813:
2780:
2136:
1796:. Doctoral dissertation, Universiteit Leiden.
220:The Macro-Jê families of Kaufman's conception
8:
4783:Families with more than 30 languages are in
1974:. Brasília: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
1937:http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7560/775923.9
1956:Emmerich, Ch.; Monserrat. R. M. F. (1973).
1809:Jolkesky, Marcelo Pinho de Valhery (2016).
1527:'sugarcane', borrowed from a form close to
5164:
4891:
4864:
4820:
4806:
4798:
4640:
4206:
4090:
3787:
3605:
3262:
2957:
2808:
2787:
2773:
2765:
2558:
2419:
2361:
2341:
2238:
2182:
2173:
2164:
2143:
2129:
2121:
2031:Oliveira, C.; Whan, Ch. (coords.) (2013).
1545:, especially in the dialect spoken by the
258:, as well as (formerly) in small parts of
4829:Indigenous language families and isolates
2045:Popovich, A. H.; Popovich, F. B. (2005).
1897:
2024:Nonato, R.; Suyá, J.; Suyá, K. (2012).
1984:Krieger, W. B.; Krieger, G. C. (1994).
1886:Revista Brasileira de Línguas Indígenas
1882:"Contacto de lenguas en la Chiquitanía"
1834:Proto-Macro-Jê: um estudo reconstrutivo
1740:
2096:Aruá, Makurap, Žabotí, Arikapó, Tuparí
1257:
29:
2223:Mẽbêngôkre (dialects: Kayapó, Xikrín)
1519:'non-Indigenous person, foreigner').
1272:
119:
7:
1981:. Universidade Estadual de Campinas.
1419:'White man'). Loans from one of the
1573:'puba flour', borrowed from Karajá
1246:However, Nikulin (2020) considers
25:
2035:. Rio de Janeiro: Museo do índio.
2028:. Rio de Janeiro: Museu do Indio.
1557:(Xikrin dialect) 'tobacco pipe',
1317:Complex onsets: */pr, mr, kr, ŋr/
1776:Ribeiro, Eduardo Rivail (2012).
451:Greenberg. Ribeiro does include
214:
2075:Wörterbuch der Botokudensprache
1624:'TV' (borrowed from Portuguese
706:Jeoromitxi-Arikapu (Yabutian):
1944:Aspectos da fonologia Dzubukuá
431:finds no evidence to classify
1:
1949:de Queiroz, J. M. C. (2012).
1942:de Queiroz, J. M. C. (2008).
1926:Vocabulário Arikapú-Português
1899:10.18468/rbli.2019v2n2.p05-30
1729:Trans–São Francisco languages
1355:loanwords in Karajá (such as
2110:Bibliografia Macro-Jê Online
2026:Dicionário Kĩsêdjê-Português
1707:spirit', among many others.
1403:'Irabure ceremonial mask'),
1250:to be a sister of Macro-Jê.
1977:Jolkesky, M. P. V. (2010).
1860:Cadernos de Etnolingüística
1455:'paper (Xambioá dialect)',
1379:'Txakohi ceremonial mask',
1325:Maximal syllable structure:
1274:Lower-order reconstructions
6205:
6189:Proposed language families
5547:Arawan–Harákmbut–Katukinan
2089:Morphosyntaxe du Rikbaktsa
2066:Ribeiro, R. M. L. (2008).
2010:, nº 46 (agosto): 101-35.
1998:Martins, A. M. S. (2007).
1917:Antunes, M. A. D. (1999).
4768:
4643:
4209:
4093:
3790:
3608:
3265:
2960:
2811:
2796:Primary language families
2749:
2082:Dicionário Iatê-Português
2077:. Hamburg: Fr. W. Thaden.
1790:Pache, Matthias J. 2018.
1303:, as well as contrastive
1290:Proto-Trans–São Francisco
213:
102:Linguistic classification
37:
27:Language family in Brazil
3613:Arnhem/Macro-Gunwinyguan
2087:Silva, L. de J. (2011).
2038:Oliveira. M. D. (2006).
1880:Nikulin, Andrey (2020).
1831:Nikulin, Andrey (2020).
266:. It is centered on the
4780:have no living members.
2059:Ribeiro, M. A. (2008).
2052:Ribeiro, E. R. (2012).
1963:Fortune, D. L. (1973).
1724:Je–Tupi–Carib languages
427:Eduardo Ribeiro of the
6148:Unclassified languages
4760:Unclassified languages
4714:list of sign languages
3682:Northeastern Tasmanian
2328:Akwẽ-Xerénte (Xerénte)
1429:Língua Geral Amazônica
1266:Reconstruction of
5718:, Bolivia, and Chile)
5539:(west-central Brazil)
4735:Constructed languages
1991:Lachnitt, G. (1987).
1656:'suit, jacket' (from
1431:) have been found in
1425:Língua Geral Paulista
1328:/CrVC°/, where /°/ =
429:University of Chicago
50:Non-coastal parts of
3282:Binanderean–Goilalan
2073:Rudolph, B. (1909).
1958:Vocabulário Botocudo
1691:'turtle, tortoise',
1598:Brazilian Portuguese
1569:'relative, friend',
1553:(Kayapó dialect) or
234:) is a medium-sized
6141:Marañón River basin
6006:Tequiraca–Canichana
5986:Maya–Yunga–Chipayan
4564:(Maku-Auari/Jukude)
4467:Tequiraca–Canichana
4310:Harákmbut–Katukinan
3073:Northwest Caucasian
3067:Northeast Caucasian
2991:Chukotko-Kamchatkan
2415:Trans–São Francisco
2094:Sekelj, T. (n.d.).
2054:A grammar of Karajá
1778:A grammar of Karajá
1359:'carrying basket',
1157:Trans-São Francisco
1075:Trans–São Francisco
6179:Macro-Jê languages
5961:Esmeralda–Yaruroan
5894:Proposed groupings
4848:Language families
4186:Tarascan/Purépecha
3675:Northern Tasmanian
3433:South Bougainville
3394:North Bougainville
2152:Macro-Jê languages
2080:Sá, A. C. (2000).
1712:Arawakan languages
1561:'kind of basket',
1529:Paraguayan Guaraní
1459:'money (dated)'),
1409:Asuriní of Trocará
1375:'parakeet (sp.)',
1337:Portuguese article
1269:Macro-Jê languages
1155:(possibly part of
695:Macro-Jê, Nuclear
268:Jê language family
208:(Nuclear–Macro–Je)
6166:
6165:
6136:Extinct languages
5889:
5888:
5205:
5204:
4973:
4972:
4842:
4795:
4794:
4745:Language isolates
4723:
4722:
4628:
4627:
4194:
4193:
4080:
4079:
3775:
3774:
3722:Western Tasmanian
3640:Eastern Tasmanian
3595:
3594:
3317:East Geelvink Bay
3247:
3246:
2938:
2937:
2762:
2761:
2756:extinct languages
2651:Bororo of Cabaçal
2605:
2604:
2550:
2549:
2409:
2408:
2387:
2386:
2379:Laklãnõ (Xokléng)
2340:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2295:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2115:The Jê-cyclopedia
2084:. Recife: Garcia.
1664:), among others.
1297:
1296:
1104:Nuclear Maxakalí
827:Kaingang Paulista
815:Kaingang-Xokleng
293:(45,000 speakers)
225:
224:
16:(Redirected from
6196:
6158:Linguistic areas
6026:Linguistic areas
5568:? Mura–Matanawí
5315:Andoque–Urequena
5165:
4892:
4865:
4836:
4822:
4815:
4808:
4799:
4641:
4595:Huaorani/Waorani
4479:(extant in 2000)
4443:Esmeralda–Yaruro
4214:Andoque–Urequena
4207:
4091:
3897:Plateau Penutian
3788:
3763:(Northern Daly?)
3606:
3492:Northwest Papuan
3456:Trans–New Guinea
3322:East New Britain
3297:Central Solomons
3263:
3008:Great Andamanese
2958:
2809:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2766:
2559:
2420:
2362:
2342:
2239:
2183:
2174:
2165:
2145:
2138:
2131:
2122:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1877:
1868:
1867:
1851:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1828:
1817:
1816:
1806:
1797:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1773:
1760:
1745:
1714:due to contact.
1343:Language contact
1258:
1169:Southern Kamakã
908:
812:
803:
787:
763:
753:
690:
680:
670:
660:
650:
640:
630:
624:
614:
604:
587:Maxakali-Pataxo
584:
569:
559:
518:
405:
387:(2,000 speakers)
379:
369:(2,700 speakers)
361:
349:
339:
331:(1,400 speakers)
301:
246:but also in the
218:
209:
205:
30:
21:
6204:
6203:
6199:
6198:
6197:
6195:
6194:
6193:
6169:
6168:
6167:
6162:
6119:
6048:
6020:
5981:Mataco–Guaicuru
5976:Katembri–Taruma
5941:Macro-Puinavean
5926:Macro-Otomákoan
5885:
5851:
5791:Mataco–Guaicuru
5775:
5709:
5592:
5531:
5424:
5400:Sechura–Catacao
5389:Pacific coast (
5384:
5343:Pacific coast (
5338:
5265:
5201:
5163:
5085:
4969:
4890:
4863:
4849:
4843:
4841:classification)
4835:
4826:
4796:
4791:
4790:
4764:
4750:Mixed languages
4719:
4700:
4635:
4624:
4478:
4472:
4327:Katembri–Taruma
4201:
4190:
4162:
4076:
3969:
3782:
3771:
3742:
3591:
3503:
3462:Turama–Kikorian
3372:Lower Mamberamo
3327:East Strickland
3255:
3243:
3161:
2949:
2944:
2934:
2889:
2798:
2793:
2763:
2758:
2745:
2715:
2671:
2623:
2601:
2578:
2546:
2503:
2477:Ritual Maxakalí
2450:
2405:
2383:
2360:
2332:
2301:Central (Akuwẽ)
2287:
2237:
2204:
2194:Southern Kayapó
2154:
2149:
2106:
2101:
2098:. (Manuscript).
1921:. Juiz de Fora.
1913:
1911:Further reading
1908:
1907:
1879:
1878:
1871:
1853:
1852:
1845:
1837:
1830:
1829:
1820:
1808:
1807:
1800:
1789:
1785:
1775:
1774:
1763:
1746:
1742:
1737:
1720:
1596:Loanwords from
1565:'song, chant',
1507:'potato'), and
1481:Ritual Maxakalí
1399:'turtle stew',
1371:'macaw (sp.)',
1345:
1256:
1208:
1116:Ritual Maxakalí
948:
943:
874:Suya-Tapayuna:
499:
497:Jolkesky (2016)
425:
276:
236:language family
221:
207:
201:
44:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6202:
6200:
6192:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6171:
6170:
6164:
6163:
6161:
6160:
6155:
6153:Classification
6150:
6145:
6144:
6143:
6133:
6127:
6125:
6121:
6120:
6118:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6056:
6054:
6050:
6049:
6047:
6046:
6041:
6039:Mamoré–Guaporé
6036:
6030:
6028:
6022:
6021:
6019:
6018:
6013:
6011:Wamo–Chapakura
6008:
6003:
5998:
5993:
5991:Moseten–Chonan
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5968:
5963:
5958:
5953:
5948:
5943:
5938:
5933:
5928:
5923:
5918:
5916:Macro-Chibchan
5913:
5911:Macro-Arawakan
5908:
5903:
5897:
5895:
5891:
5890:
5887:
5886:
5884:
5883:
5876:
5869:
5863:
5861:
5853:
5852:
5850:
5849:
5844:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5818:
5817:
5810:
5803:
5798:
5786:
5784:
5777:
5776:
5774:
5773:
5766:
5759:
5754:
5747:
5746:
5745:
5740:
5729:
5721:
5719:
5711:
5710:
5708:
5707:
5700:
5693:
5686:
5679:
5672:
5665:
5658:
5653:
5646:
5639:
5632:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5608:
5602:
5600:
5598:Mamoré–Guaporé
5594:
5593:
5591:
5590:
5583:
5582:
5581:
5574:
5566:
5565:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5542:
5540:
5533:
5532:
5530:
5529:
5528:
5527:
5522:
5511:
5504:
5497:
5490:
5483:
5476:
5469:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5439:
5437:
5426:
5425:
5423:
5422:
5421:
5420:
5413:
5402:
5396:
5394:
5386:
5385:
5383:
5382:
5375:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5350:
5348:
5340:
5339:
5337:
5336:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5318:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5296:
5288:
5286:
5267:
5266:
5264:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5236:
5229:
5221:
5219:
5207:
5206:
5203:
5202:
5200:
5199:
5194:
5187:
5180:
5174:
5172:
5162:
5161:
5154:
5149:
5142:
5135:
5134:
5133:
5126:
5119:
5106:
5100:
5098:
5087:
5086:
5084:
5083:
5076:
5069:
5062:
5055:
5048:
5041:
5034:
5027:
5020:
5013:
5006:
4999:
4992:
4987:
4981:
4979:
4978:Eastern Brazil
4975:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4968:
4967:
4959:
4952:
4945:
4938:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4900:
4898:
4889:
4888:
4881:
4873:
4871:
4862:
4861:
4853:
4851:
4845:
4844:
4827:
4825:
4824:
4817:
4810:
4802:
4793:
4792:
4789:
4788:
4781:
4774:
4770:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4731:
4729:
4725:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4717:
4708:
4706:
4702:
4701:
4699:
4698:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4677:
4675:Indo-Pakistani
4672:
4667:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4644:
4638:
4630:
4629:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4558:
4553:
4546:
4541:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4482:
4480:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4470:
4464:
4458:
4452:
4446:
4440:
4434:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4374:Piaroa–Saliban
4371:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4275:
4270:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4210:
4204:
4196:
4195:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4170:
4168:
4164:
4163:
4161:
4160:
4153:
4146:
4141:
4139:Tequistlatecan
4136:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4112:
4105:
4100:
4094:
4088:
4082:
4081:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4052:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3985:
3977:
3975:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3967:
3962:
3955:
3948:
3943:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3887:
3880:
3875:
3868:
3863:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3839:
3832:
3825:
3818:
3811:
3806:
3799:
3791:
3785:
3777:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3764:
3758:
3750:
3748:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3740:
3730:
3725:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3697:
3690:
3685:
3678:
3671:
3666:
3662:Marrku–Wurrugu
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3636:
3629:
3621:
3616:
3609:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3589:
3584:
3576:
3570:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3528:
3522:
3517:
3511:
3509:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3501:
3495:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3452:
3447:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3272:
3266:
3260:
3249:
3248:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3233:
3226:
3220:
3215:
3207:
3202:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3175:
3169:
3167:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3159:
3153:
3147:
3141:
3135:
3129:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3092:
3087:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3024:
3021:Hurro-Urartian
3017:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2993:
2988:
2981:
2974:
2969:
2961:
2955:
2940:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2926:
2920:
2915:
2908:
2903:
2897:
2895:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2881:
2875:
2869:
2863:
2857:
2852:
2844:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2820:
2812:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2784:
2777:
2769:
2760:
2759:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2736:
2728:
2726:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2713:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2684:
2682:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2661:
2654:
2647:
2642:
2634:
2632:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2615:
2613:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2588:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2565:
2563:
2556:
2552:
2551:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2537:
2530:
2523:
2515:
2513:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2494:
2487:
2480:
2473:
2468:
2460:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2441:
2436:
2428:
2426:
2417:
2411:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2376:
2370:
2368:
2359:
2358:
2350:
2348:
2338:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2313:
2305:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2247:
2245:
2236:
2235:
2230:
2228:Kĩsêdjê (Suyá)
2225:
2220:
2214:
2212:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2202:
2197:
2189:
2187:
2180:
2171:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2150:
2148:
2147:
2140:
2133:
2125:
2119:
2118:
2112:
2105:
2104:External links
2102:
2100:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2078:
2071:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2049:. Brasil: SIL.
2043:
2036:
2029:
2022:
2015:
2003:
1996:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1968:
1961:
1954:
1947:
1940:
1929:
1922:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1869:
1843:
1818:
1798:
1783:
1761:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1719:
1716:
1479:'Black man'),
1344:
1341:
1333:
1332:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1267:
1263:
1262:
1261:Proto-Macro-Jê
1255:
1254:Proto-language
1252:
1244:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1217:
1207:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1177:
1167:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1138:
1135:Pataxó-Hãhãhãe
1125:
1112:
1102:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1058:
1031:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1007:
993:
992:
991:
984:
967:
952:
947:
946:Nikulin (2020)
944:
942:
941:
940:
939:
938:
937:
936:
935:
934:
933:
886:
872:
865:
851:
841:
840:
839:
838:
837:
830:
813:
790:
789:
788:
778:
771:
764:
754:
738:
718:
704:
693:
692:
691:
681:
671:
655:
654:
653:
652:
651:
641:
627:Kamakã-Menien
625:
609:
608:
607:
606:
605:
595:
585:
572:
571:
570:
560:
550:
540:
533:
526:
519:
503:
498:
495:
424:
423:
422:
421:
414:
406:
396:
388:
380:
370:
362:
352:
351:
350:
342:
341:
340:
332:
318:
317:
316:
302:
294:
280:
275:
272:
230:(also spelled
223:
222:
219:
211:
210:
199:
193:
192:
191:
190:
184:
178:
172:
166:
159:
152:
145:
140:
134:
129:
122:
118:
117:
116:
115:
104:
98:
97:
96:
95:
85:
75:
72:Rio de Janeiro
46:
40:
39:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6201:
6190:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6180:
6177:
6176:
6174:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6128:
6126:
6122:
6116:
6115:French Guiana
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6057:
6055:
6051:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6031:
6029:
6027:
6023:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5971:Je–Tupi–Carib
5969:
5967:
5966:Hibito–Cholon
5964:
5962:
5959:
5957:
5954:
5952:
5949:
5947:
5946:Macro-Warpean
5944:
5942:
5939:
5937:
5934:
5932:
5929:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5898:
5896:
5892:
5882:
5881:
5877:
5875:
5874:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5854:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5816:
5815:
5811:
5809:
5808:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5793:
5792:
5788:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5778:
5772:
5771:
5767:
5765:
5764:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5752:
5748:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5735:
5734:
5730:
5728:
5727:
5723:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5712:
5706:
5705:
5701:
5699:
5698:
5694:
5692:
5691:
5687:
5685:
5684:
5680:
5678:
5677:
5673:
5671:
5670:
5666:
5664:
5663:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5647:
5645:
5644:
5640:
5638:
5637:
5633:
5631:
5630:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5613:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5603:
5601:
5599:
5595:
5589:
5588:
5584:
5580:
5579:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5569:
5567:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5549:
5548:
5544:
5543:
5541:
5538:
5534:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5517:
5516:
5512:
5510:
5509:
5505:
5503:
5502:
5498:
5496:
5495:
5491:
5489:
5488:
5484:
5482:
5481:
5477:
5475:
5474:
5470:
5468:
5467:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5450:Hibito–Cholon
5448:
5446:
5445:
5441:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5431:
5427:
5419:
5418:
5414:
5412:
5411:Cañari–Puruhá
5409:
5408:
5407:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5387:
5381:
5380:
5376:
5374:
5373:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5356:
5352:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5341:
5335:
5334:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5302:
5301:
5297:
5295:
5294:
5290:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5280:
5276:
5272:
5268:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5241:
5237:
5235:
5234:
5230:
5228:
5227:
5223:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5213:
5208:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5192:
5188:
5186:
5185:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5171:
5166:
5160:
5159:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5147:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5136:
5132:
5131:
5127:
5125:
5124:
5120:
5118:
5117:
5113:
5112:
5111:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5092:
5088:
5082:
5081:
5077:
5075:
5074:
5070:
5068:
5067:
5063:
5061:
5060:
5056:
5054:
5053:
5049:
5047:
5046:
5042:
5040:
5039:
5035:
5033:
5032:
5028:
5026:
5025:
5021:
5019:
5018:
5014:
5012:
5011:
5007:
5005:
5004:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4982:
4980:
4976:
4966:
4965:
4960:
4958:
4957:
4953:
4951:
4950:
4946:
4944:
4943:
4939:
4937:
4936:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4897:
4893:
4887:
4886:
4882:
4880:
4879:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4870:
4869:Je–Tupi–Carib
4866:
4860:
4859:
4855:
4854:
4852:
4846:
4840:
4839:Campbell 2012
4834:
4833:South America
4830:
4823:
4818:
4816:
4811:
4809:
4804:
4803:
4800:
4786:
4782:
4779:
4775:
4772:
4771:
4767:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4736:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4726:
4716:
4715:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4703:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4685:Original Thai
4683:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4665:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4645:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4631:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4563:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4551:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4487:
4484:
4483:
4481:
4475:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4453:
4450:
4449:Hibito–Cholón
4447:
4444:
4441:
4438:
4435:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4369:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4317:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4280:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4268:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4231:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4197:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4176:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4165:
4159:
4158:
4154:
4152:
4151:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4134:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4117:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4095:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4083:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4057:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4041:
4039:
4038:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3990:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3972:
3966:
3965:Yuman–Cochimí
3963:
3961:
3960:
3956:
3954:
3953:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3941:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3888:
3886:
3885:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3873:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3833:
3831:
3830:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3800:
3798:
3797:
3793:
3792:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3778:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3756:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3745:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3701:
3700:Southern Daly
3698:
3696:
3695:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3677:
3676:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3663:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3630:
3627:
3626:
3625:Darwin Region
3622:
3620:
3617:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3598:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3581:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3532:
3529:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3506:
3499:
3496:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3445:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3406:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3307:Demta–Sentani
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3254:
3250:
3240:
3238:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3227:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3199:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3188:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3164:
3157:
3154:
3151:
3148:
3145:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3100:
3098:
3097:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3028:Indo-European
3025:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2978:Austroasiatic
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2948:
2941:
2930:
2927:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2913:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2892:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2819:
2818:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2790:
2785:
2783:
2778:
2776:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2757:
2753:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2718:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2674:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2660:
2659:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2626:
2620:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2581:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2557:
2553:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2390:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2284:
2283:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2240:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2207:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2146:
2141:
2139:
2134:
2132:
2127:
2126:
2123:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2097:
2093:
2090:
2086:
2083:
2079:
2076:
2072:
2069:
2065:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2009:
2004:
2001:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1955:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1916:
1915:
1910:
1900:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1876:
1874:
1870:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1836:
1835:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1814:
1813:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1794:
1787:
1784:
1779:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1757:0-292-70414-3
1754:
1750:
1744:
1741:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1673:Camba Spanish
1670:
1665:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1535:
1534:'sugarcane'.
1533:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1503:'foreigner',
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1395:'White man',
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1331:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1006:
1005:
1001:
1000:
999:
998:
994:
990:
989:
985:
983:
982:
978:
977:
976:
975:
971:
970:
968:
966:
965:
964:
959:
958:
957:
954:
953:
951:
945:
932:
931:
926:
925:
920:
919:
914:
913:
905:
904:
899:
898:
893:
892:
887:
885:
884:
879:
878:
873:
871:
870:
866:
864:
863:
858:
857:
852:
850:
849:
845:
844:
843:Jê, Northern
842:
836:
835:
831:
829:
828:
823:
822:
817:
816:
814:
809:
808:
800:
799:
794:
793:
792:Jê, Southern
791:
784:
783:
779:
777:
776:
772:
770:
769:
765:
760:
759:
755:
750:
749:
745:
744:
742:
741:
739:
737:
736:
731:
730:
725:
724:
719:
717:
716:
711:
710:
705:
702:
701:
697:
696:
694:
687:
686:
682:
677:
676:
672:
667:
666:
662:
661:
656:
647:
646:
642:
637:
636:
632:
631:
626:
621:
620:
616:
615:
610:
601:
600:
596:
594:
593:
589:
588:
586:
581:
580:
576:
575:
573:
566:
565:
561:
556:
555:
551:
549:
548:
544:
543:
541:
539:
538:
534:
532:
531:
527:
525:
524:
520:
515:
514:
510:
509:
508:
505:
504:
502:
496:
494:
491:
490:
485:
483:
478:
476:
475:Je–Tupi–Carib
472:
468:
463:
461:
458:
454:
450:
446:
443:Kaufman, nor
442:
439:as Macro-Jê,
438:
434:
430:
420:
419:
415:
413:(40 speakers)
412:
411:
407:
402:
401:
397:
394:
393:
389:
386:
385:
381:
376:
375:
371:
368:
367:
363:
358:
357:
353:
346:
343:
336:
333:
330:
327:
326:
324:
323:
322:
319:
315:(10 speakers)
314:
311:
310:
308:
307:
303:
298:
295:
292:
291:
287:
286:
285:
282:
281:
279:
273:
271:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
240:South America
237:
233:
229:
217:
212:
204:
200:
198:
194:
189:
185:
183:
179:
177:
173:
171:
167:
165:
164:
160:
158:
157:
153:
151:
150:
146:
144:
141:
138:
135:
133:
130:
128:
125:
124:
123:
114:
111:
110:
108:
107:Je–Tupi–Carib
105:
103:
99:
94:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
48:
47:
41:
36:
31:
19:
6001:Saparo–Yawan
5951:Arutani–Sape
5936:Macro-Panoan
5931:Macro-Paesan
5921:Macro-Jibaro
5906:Macro-Andean
5878:
5871:
5842:Lule–Vilelan
5812:
5805:
5768:
5761:
5749:
5724:
5702:
5695:
5688:
5681:
5674:
5667:
5660:
5648:
5641:
5634:
5627:
5610:
5585:
5576:
5515:Saparo–Yawan
5506:
5499:
5492:
5485:
5478:
5471:
5464:
5444:Pano–Tacanan
5442:
5415:
5377:
5370:
5353:
5347:and Ecuador)
5331:
5291:
5238:
5231:
5224:
5189:
5182:
5156:
5144:
5137:
5128:
5121:
5114:
5110:Arutani–Sape
5078:
5071:
5064:
5057:
5050:
5043:
5036:
5029:
5022:
5015:
5008:
5001:
4994:
4962:
4954:
4947:
4940:
4933:
4895:
4883:
4876:
4856:
4850:and isolates
4784:
4777:
4776:Families in
4711:
4662:
4560:
4548:
4460:
4398:
4366:
4357:Pano-Tacanan
4314:
4277:
4265:
4236:Arutani–Sape
4228:
4173:
4155:
4148:
4133:Oto-Manguean
4131:
4114:
4107:
4054:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4021:
4014:
3987:
3980:
3957:
3950:
3938:
3911:
3889:
3882:
3870:
3858:
3841:
3834:
3827:
3820:
3813:
3801:
3794:
3753:
3720:
3716:Western Daly
3694:Pama–Nyungan
3692:
3680:
3673:
3660:
3638:
3633:Eastern Daly
3631:
3623:
3578:
3454:
3442:
3420:
3403:
3381:
3352:Kaure–Kosare
3312:Doso–Turumsa
3302:Chimbu–Wahgi
3292:Bulaka River
3276:Austronesian
3274:
3235:
3228:
3209:
3196:
3189:
3182:
3108:
3101:
3094:
3084:Sino-Tibetan
3082:
3065:
3048:
3026:
3019:
3012:
2995:
2985:Austronesian
2983:
2976:
2964:
2910:
2848:Nilo-Saharan
2846:
2839:
2824:Austronesian
2822:
2815:
2751:
2738:
2731:
2720:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2676:
2663:
2656:
2649:
2637:
2539:
2532:
2525:
2518:
2508:
2496:
2489:
2482:
2475:
2463:
2443:
2431:
2398:
2392:Unclassified
2353:
2346:Jê of Paraná
2315:
2308:
2280:
2192:
2151:
2095:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2046:
2039:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2007:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1957:
1950:
1943:
1932:
1925:
1918:
1889:
1885:
1863:
1859:
1833:
1811:
1791:
1786:
1777:
1748:
1743:
1709:
1700:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1683:'squirrel',
1680:
1676:
1675:, including
1666:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1652:'money' and
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1595:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1536:
1531:
1524:
1516:
1512:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1421:Língua Geral
1416:
1412:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1349:Tupí-Guaraní
1346:
1334:
1309:
1307:for vowels.
1305:nasalization
1298:
1280:Proto-Jabutí
1245:
1209:
1191:
1185:
1179:
1172:
1162:
1140:
1133:
1127:
1120:
1114:
1107:
1097:
1083:
1073:
1066:
1060:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1033:
1025:
1024:
1009:
1002:
995:
986:
979:
972:
961:
960:
955:
949:
930:Ramkokamekra
928:
922:
916:
910:
901:
895:
889:
881:
875:
867:
860:
854:
846:
832:
825:
819:
805:
796:
780:
773:
766:
756:
746:
743:Jê, Central
733:
727:
721:
713:
707:
703:(Chiquitano)
698:
683:
673:
663:
643:
633:
617:
597:
590:
577:
562:
552:
545:
535:
528:
521:
511:
506:
500:
487:
486:
479:
464:
456:
448:
440:
426:
416:
408:
398:
395:(2 speakers)
390:
382:
372:
364:
354:
304:
288:
283:
277:
242:, mostly in
231:
227:
226:
161:
154:
147:
121:Subdivisions
112:
45:distribution
5996:Quechumaran
5956:Bora–Witoto
5856:Far South (
5757:Uru–Chipaya
5733:Quechumaran
5618:Nambikwaran
5300:Bora–Witoto
5197:Ticuna–Yuri
4670:Germanosign
4574:Mura-Pirahã
4455:Lule–Vilela
4431:Bora-Witoto
4406:Uru–Chipaya
4379:Ticuna–Yuri
4362:Peba–Yaguan
4347:Nambikwaran
4150:Uto-Aztecan
4086:Mesoamerica
3940:Uto-Aztecan
3929:Tsimshianic
3891:Palaihnihan
3761:Malak-Malak
3498:Papuan Gulf
3472:West Papuan
3377:Lower Sepik
3367:Lakes Plain
3270:Arai–Samaia
3258:the Pacific
2966:Afroasiatic
2841:Niger–Congo
2817:Afroasiatic
2597:Djeoromitxi
2562:Mato Grosso
1892:(2): 5–30.
1699:leftover',
1612:'captain',
1608:'blanket',
1495:'tobacco',
1443:'firearm',
1423:varieties (
1067:Southern Jê
1050:Northern Jê
1011:Djeoromitxí
974:Mato Grosso
435:(Yatê) and
309:(Botocudo)
248:Chiquitanía
54:(except in
6173:Categories
5867:Qawasqaran
5801:Guaicuruan
5770:Mapudungun
5606:Chapacuran
5520:Peba–Yagua
5455:Cahuapanan
5372:Yurumanguí
4956:Chiquitano
4929:Maxakalian
4837:(based on
4664:Francosign
4512:Chiquitano
4492:Alacalufan
4300:Guaicuruan
4273:Chapacuran
4256:Cahuapanan
4224:Araucanian
4127:Mixe–Zoque
4122:Misumalpan
3836:Comecrudan
3688:Nyulnyulan
3467:Upper Yuat
3444:Torricelli
3416:Senu River
3347:Foja Range
3253:New Guinea
3178:Burushaski
3039:Kartvelian
3014:Hmong–Mien
2830:Khoe–Kwadi
2665:Gorgotoqui
2456:Maxakalían
2008:Fragmentum
1866:(1): 1–64.
1735:References
1687:'lizard',
1679:'genipa',
1669:Chiquitano
1604:'coffee',
1543:Mẽbêngôkre
1521:Chiquitano
1499:'banana',
1467:'priest',
1415:'banana',
1391:'banana',
1361:kòmỹdawyra
1330:echo vowel
1248:Chiquitano
856:Mẽbengokre
818:Kaingang:
715:Jeoromitxi
453:Chiquitano
384:Maxakalían
252:Santa Cruz
250:region in
132:Maxakalían
43:Geographic
6131:Languages
6100:Venezuela
6060:Argentina
6053:Countries
6044:Amazonian
5656:Mosetenan
5650:Canichana
5562:Katukinan
5557:Harákmbut
5508:Tequiraca
5379:Esmeralda
5366:Barbacoan
5322:Guajiboan
5261:Jirajaran
5216:Venezuela
5152:Otomacoan
5104:Yanomaman
5095:Venezuela
5031:Pankararú
4949:Rikbaktsá
4695:Tanzanian
4636:languages
4533:Hodï/Joti
4477:Isolates
4416:Yanomaman
4352:Otomákoan
4316:Jirajaran
4305:Guajiboan
4267:Catacaoan
4246:Barbacoan
4175:Cuitlatec
4144:Totonacan
4103:Jicaquean
3982:Chimariko
3878:Muskogean
3860:Kalapuyan
3854:Iroquoian
3829:Chumashan
3822:Chinookan
3815:Chimakuan
3733:Yangmanic
3728:Worrorran
3711:Wagaydyic
3601:Australia
3450:Trans-Fly
3116:Yeniseian
3103:Tyrsenian
2997:Dravidian
2754:indicate
2574:Rikbáktsa
2276:Kỳikatêjê
2271:Parkatêjê
2021:, 2:1–62.
1646:televisão
1622:tenemiyam
1616:'beans',
1541:loans in
1532:takuare'ẽ
1505:xetukxeka
1491:'woman',
1475:'horse',
1471:'money',
1451:'beans',
988:Rikbáktsa
918:Parkateje
891:Apãniekra
888:Timbira:
574:Maxakali
530:Rikbaktsa
489:Glottolog
460:Rodrigues
410:Rikbaktsá
260:Argentina
197:Glottolog
149:Rikbaktsa
87:parts of
82:Argentina
6110:Suriname
6090:Paraguay
6075:Colombia
5837:Huarpean
5832:Charruan
5827:Zamucoan
5822:Mascoyan
5796:Matacoan
5738:Quechuan
5662:Yuracaré
5629:Cayubaba
5623:Bororoan
5578:Matanawí
5525:Zaparoan
5494:Taushiro
5466:Candoshi
5460:Jivaroan
5355:Chibchan
5345:Colombia
5310:Witotoan
5293:Tucanoan
5275:Colombia
5256:Timotean
5251:Tiniguan
5212:Colombia
5038:Tarairiú
5017:Katembri
4985:Karirian
4924:Krenakan
4909:Jabutian
4896:Macro-Jê
4858:Arawakan
4728:See also
4705:Isolates
4680:Japanese
4620:Yuracaré
4502:Candoshi
4461:Macro-Jê
4426:Zaparoan
4421:Zamucoan
4411:Witotoan
4394:Tucanoan
4389:Tiniguan
4384:Timotean
4368:Quechuan
4337:Matacoan
4332:Mascoian
4322:Jivaroan
4285:Chibchan
4279:Charruan
4230:Arawakan
4167:Isolates
4098:Chibchan
3974:Isolates
3946:Wakashan
3907:Salishan
3849:Eskaleut
3755:Giimbiyu
3747:Isolates
3656:Jarrakan
3651:Iwaidjan
3508:Isolates
3362:Kutubuan
3230:Sumerian
3166:Isolates
3121:Yukaghir
3090:Tungusic
3056:Mongolic
3044:Koreanic
3003:Eskaleut
2894:Isolates
2878:Ubangian
2689:Dzubukuá
2584:Jabutian
2534:Masakará
2471:Maxakalí
2374:Kaingáng
2366:Southern
2317:Xakriabá
2233:Tapayuna
2210:Northern
1718:See also
1658:dinheiro
1630:cobertor
1620:'bank',
1575:werikòkò
1551:warikoko
1515:'flea',
1461:Maxakalí
1439:'salt',
1405:Parakanã
1367:beans',
1285:Proto-Jê
1222:(Fulniô)
1164:Masakará
1109:Maxakalí
1093:Maxakalí
1020:Eastern
969:Western
956:Macro-Jê
883:Tapayuna
853:Kayapo:
821:Kaingang
795:Ingain:
758:Xakriaba
720:Karaja:
665:Dzubukua
619:Masakara
592:Maxakali
507:Macro-Jê
482:Chibchan
477:family.
418:Yabutian
321:Borôroan
284:Macro-Jê
274:Families
264:Paraguay
232:Macro-Gê
228:Macro-Jê
203:nucl1710
143:Jabutian
139:(Aimore)
113:Macro-Jê
89:Paraguay
78:Misiones
56:Amazonas
38:Macro-Gê
33:Macro-Jê
18:Macro-Jê
6085:Ecuador
6065:Bolivia
6016:Amerind
5814:Payaguá
5783:–Pampas
5751:Puquina
5743:Aymaran
5714:Andes (
5697:Irantxe
5636:Itonama
5501:Urarina
5487:Waorani
5480:Munichi
5473:Omurano
5417:Mochica
5406:Chimuan
5361:Chocoan
5333:Puinave
5327:Nadahup
5240:Andaquí
5210:Andes (
5178:Sáliban
5116:Arutani
5091:Orinoco
4878:Cariban
4778:italics
4755:Pidgins
4740:Creoles
4690:Swedish
4658:Chinese
4605:Urarina
4590:Puinave
4544:Itonama
4538:Irantxe
4507:Chimane
4437:Chimuan
4342:Nadahup
4261:Cariban
4241:Aymaran
4202:America
4044:Waikuri
4037:Tonkawa
4030:Timucua
4023:Takelma
4016:Siuslaw
4005:Kutenai
3989:Esselen
3952:Wintuan
3913:Shastan
3884:Na-Dene
3872:Maiduan
3809:Caddoan
3783:America
3737:Wagiman
3735:(incl.
3706:Tangkic
3646:Garawan
3619:Bunuban
3580:Tambora
3547:Maybrat
3515:Abinomn
3438:Teberan
3399:Pauwasi
3389:Mairasi
3357:Kiwaian
3237:Tambora
3223:Shompen
3205:Kusunda
3198:Kenaboi
3184:Elamite
3156:Siangic
3138:Kho-Bwa
3132:Hrusish
3050:Kra–Dai
3034:Japonic
2943:Eurasia
2918:Sandawe
2901:Bangime
2866:Songhay
2752:Italics
2725: ?
2681: ?
2668: ?
2639:Umutína
2631: ?
2592:Arikapú
2555:Western
2445:Nakrehé
2323:Xavánte
2266:Krĩkatí
2261:Pykobjê
2243:Timbira
2218:Apinajé
2169:Cerrado
1703:'worm;
1634:capitão
1610:kapitõg
1606:komenok
1555:watkoko
1525:takones
1487:'boy',
1485:kõnõmĩy
1477:tapayõg
1473:kãmãnok
1469:tãyũmak
1457:ĩtajuwa
1447:'hoe',
1401:irãwore
1377:txakohi
1301:rhotics
1193:Mongoyó
1004:Arikapú
924:Pykobje
912:Krĩkati
848:Apinaje
834:Xokleng
775:Xerente
768:Xavante
735:Xambioa
709:Arikapu
657:Kariri
611:Kamakã
564:Umutina
542:Bororo
335:Umotína
325:Bororo
256:Bolivia
206:
93:Bolivia
60:Roraima
6105:Guyana
6070:Brazil
5873:Yaghan
5847:Chonan
5807:Guachí
5676:Aikanã
5643:Movima
5587:Trumai
5552:Arawan
5537:Amazon
5430:Amazon
5283:Vaupés
5279:Japurá
5271:Amazon
5246:Paezan
5158:Yaruro
5066:Xukurú
5010:Baenan
5003:Gamela
4996:Taruma
4990:Purían
4919:Karajá
4914:Kamakã
4885:Tupian
4653:BANZSL
4615:Yamana
4600:Trumai
4569:Movima
4523:Fulniô
4486:Aikanã
4400:Tupian
4295:Chonan
4219:Arauan
4157:Xincan
4109:Lencan
4062:Yokuts
3959:Yukian
3924:Tanoan
3919:Siouan
3902:Pomoan
3843:Coosan
3669:Mirndi
3562:Porome
3557:Pawaia
3411:Senagi
3383:Madang
3332:Eleman
3287:Border
3218:Nihali
3211:Minoan
3191:Hattic
3173:Basque
3144:Mijiic
3126:Digaro
3110:Uralic
3096:Turkic
2947:Europe
2804:Africa
2733:Coropó
2722:Purian
2710:Sabujá
2696:Kamurú
2678:Karirí
2645:Boróro
2629:Borôro
2619:Karajá
2611:Karajá
2541:Menién
2527:Kotoxó
2520:Kamakã
2510:Kamakã
2498:Kapoxó
2491:Makoní
2484:Pataxó
2465:Malalí
2439:Krenak
2433:Guerén
2424:Krenák
2355:Ingain
2251:Canela
2200:Panará
2186:Panará
1755:
1697:chicha
1662:paletó
1654:maritò
1638:feijão
1587:bikòwa
1547:Xikrin
1539:Karajá
1509:Krenak
1501:tapuux
1465:ãmãnex
1453:mabèra
1449:kòmỹta
1441:mỹkawa
1437:jykyra
1433:Karajá
1407:, and
1397:marara
1385:Apyãwa
1373:tarawè
1369:hãrara
1357:bèhyra
1353:Apyãwa
1236:Karirí
1220:Yaathê
1215:Boróro
1187:Kotoxó
1181:Kamakã
1174:Menien
1153:Kamakã
1142:Koropó
1129:Pataxó
1122:Makoní
1099:Malalí
1085:Krenák
1080:Borum
1062:Ingain
1055:Panará
997:Jabutí
963:Karajá
869:Panara
862:Xikrin
798:Ingain
729:Karaja
700:Besiro
645:Menien
635:Kamakã
599:Pataxo
579:Malali
547:Bororo
433:Fulniô
400:Purían
374:Karirí
366:Karajá
356:Kamakã
329:Bororo
313:Krenak
306:Krenák
244:Brazil
188:Karirí
182:Purían
176:Kamakã
170:Borôro
156:Karajá
137:Krenák
52:Brazil
6124:Lists
6080:Chile
6034:Chaco
5880:Chono
5858:Chile
5781:Chaco
5763:Kunza
5726:Culle
5704:Arara
5690:Kwazá
5683:Kanoê
5572:Muran
5305:Boran
5285:area)
5233:Camsá
5226:Cofán
5184:Betoi
5146:Guamo
5139:Warao
5052:Wamoé
4964:Guató
4942:Ofayé
4935:Jaikó
4610:Warao
4579:Nukak
4550:Kunza
4528:Guató
4517:Cofán
4497:Camsá
4290:Choco
4251:Boran
4200:South
4181:Huave
4116:Mayan
4067:Yuchi
4050:Washo
4000:Karuk
3995:Haida
3934:Utian
3866:Keres
3803:Alsea
3796:Algic
3781:North
3573:Taiap
3567:Sulka
3422:Sepik
3337:Engan
3078:Ongan
3061:Nivkh
2929:Shabo
2912:Jalaa
2906:Hadza
2860:Mande
2703:Kipeá
2658:Otuke
2569:Ofayé
2400:Jaikó
2310:Acroá
2282:Krẽjê
2256:Krahô
2178:Goyaz
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1705:jichi
1701:jichi
1693:jachi
1650:nieru
1642:banco
1614:pẽyõg
1602:kapex
1567:bikwa
1497:pakõm
1493:petup
1489:kõyãg
1445:brùrè
1417:toria
1231:Guató
1046:Akuwẽ
1027:Jaikó
981:Ofayé
903:Krẽje
897:Kraho
807:Kimda
782:Jeiko
748:Akroa
723:Javae
675:Kipea
554:Otuke
523:Ofaye
513:Borum
471:Carib
437:Guató
392:Ofayé
345:Otuke
297:Jeikó
163:Ofayé
64:Amapá
6095:Peru
5901:Duho
5716:Peru
5669:Leco
5612:Mure
5434:Peru
5391:Peru
5214:and
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5170:Duho
5130:Máku
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4785:bold
4712:See
4648:Arab
4634:Sign
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2952:Asia
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2872:Ijaw
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2740:Puri
1753:ISBN
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1626:café
1591:bèrò
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1571:bero
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1393:tori
1389:tãtã
1381:hyty
1365:andu
1226:Purí
877:Suya
685:Xoko
537:Yate
469:and
467:Tupi
457:pace
449:pace
441:pace
262:and
91:and
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5080:Otí
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3342:Fas
2855:Tuu
1894:doi
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