77:
1091:
Müller, André, Viveka
Velupillai, Søren Wichmann, Cecil H. Brown, Eric W. Holman, Sebastian Sauppe, Pamela Brown, Harald Hammarström, Oleg Belyaev, Johann-Mattis List, Dik Bakker, Dmitri Egorov, Matthias Urban, Robert Mailhammer, Matthew S. Dryer, Evgenia Korovina, David Beck, Helen Geyer, Pattie
759:
Cariban influence in
Bororoan languages was due to the later southward expansion of Cariban speakers into Bororoan territory. Ceramic technology was also adopted from Cariban speakers. Similarly, Cariban borrowings are also present in the
986:
Expédition dan les parties centrales de l'Amérique du Sud : de Rio de
Janeiro à Lima, et de Lima au Para exécutée par ordre du gouvernement français pendant les années 1843 à 1847, sous la direction de Francis de
3256:
3210:
1896:
3198:
1877:
3261:
1079:
3205:
1233:
3188:
3193:
3096:
2655:
1855:
3043:
1080:
The classification of the languages of the South
American Lowlands: State-of-the-art and challenges / Классификация языков востока Южной Америки
1870:
1890:
967:
725:
2604:
1505:
1886:
792:
Guérios, R. F. Mansur F. (1939). "O nexo lingüístico Bororo/Merrime-Caiapó (contribuição para a unidade genética das línguas americanas)".
1226:
1007:
852:
3063:
815:
2468:
1863:
1015:
3018:
3028:
1926:
3215:
3083:
2148:
2372:
3241:
3038:
3033:
2848:
2457:
1219:
1140:
Consolidando uma proposta de Família Linguística Boróro: contribuição aos estudos histórico-comparativos do Tronco Macro-Jê
3137:
2761:
920:
Combès, Isabelle. 2012. Susnik y los gorgotoquis: Efervescencia étnica en la
Chiquitania (Oriente boliviano), p. 201–220.
3068:
3048:
1366:
3251:
2983:
883:
3023:
2507:
3236:
972:
3058:
3008:
2572:
2167:
1567:
1284:
3246:
3172:
3013:
2899:
2814:
2577:
2357:
2254:
2998:
1436:
1065:
Kaufman, Terrence. 1994. The native languages of South
America. In: Christopher Moseley and R. E. Asher (eds.),
2973:
2968:
2523:
1456:
1361:
1300:
3003:
1986:
1546:
1391:
879:
3157:
3117:
2993:
2988:
2978:
2963:
2501:
2429:
2273:
2209:
2187:
2152:
1029:"A Preliminary Reconstruction of Proto-Waikurúan with Special Reference to Pronominals and Demonstratives"
1356:
1116:
944:
266:
3167:
3147:
3132:
3091:
3053:
2838:
2790:
2675:
2402:
2332:
2269:
911:. Cochabamba: Itinera-rios/Instituto Latinoamericano de Misionología. (Colección Scripta Autochtona, 4.)
2614:
2088:
1953:
1268:
1242:
527:
512:
105:
46:
3142:
3122:
2924:
2858:
2719:
2663:
2512:
2235:
2095:
1779:
1741:
1687:
1624:
1561:
1407:
749:
519:
255:
246:
160:
3162:
3127:
3101:
2619:
2594:
2487:
2423:
2379:
2328:
2318:
2161:
2013:
1971:
1755:
1682:
1600:
1535:
1418:
1351:
1308:
761:
523:
187:
175:
97:
1372:
235:
231:
2915:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2853:
2795:
2707:
2582:
2565:
2436:
2412:
2367:
2350:
2313:
2308:
2123:
2006:
1966:
1915:
1674:
1664:
1048:
968:
Johann
Natterer. Bororo Wordlists and Ethnographic Notes. Bororo Wordlists and Ethnographic Notes
2733:
2130:
2109:
1976:
1823:
1800:
1786:
1709:
1701:
1631:
1617:
1610:
1588:
1581:
1574:
1555:
1523:
1290:
3152:
3073:
2800:
2773:
2740:
2686:
2635:
2551:
2517:
2491:
2463:
2448:
2384:
2290:
2283:
2074:
2021:
1999:
1992:
1935:
1793:
1659:
1490:
1464:
1400:
1346:
1323:
1259:
1040:
1011:
745:
531:
1185:
1158:
2904:
2871:
2827:
2808:
2754:
2713:
2693:
2609:
2558:
2544:
2537:
2530:
2474:
2390:
2303:
2297:
2248:
2180:
2173:
2116:
2102:
2081:
2047:
2042:
1981:
1942:
1812:
1768:
1729:
1514:
1469:
1413:
1333:
1197:
1170:
925:
871:
830:
535:
500:
288:
258:, has been identified by Camargo (2014) as a separate language distinct from Bororo proper.
216:
143:
116:
2930:
2864:
2700:
2644:
2418:
2362:
2215:
2067:
2060:
2053:
1735:
1529:
1445:
1341:
1313:
741:
280:
251:
205:
154:
124:
93:
41:
2340:
2336:
1961:
1250:
1094:
816:"Nimuendajú was right: the inclusion of the Jabutí language family in the Macro-Jê stock"
728:
4) by Müller et al. (2013) also found lexical similarities between
Bororoan and Cariban.
230:(Eastern Borôro, Orarimugodoge), listed by Loukotka as a language that was spoken on the
2958:
2937:
2820:
2783:
2747:
2241:
2227:
2203:
2196:
1846:
1748:
949:
753:
737:
293:
220:
194:
168:
128:
101:
530:. Furthermore, Nikulin (2019) has suggested that Bororoan has a relationship with the
67:
3230:
2726:
2669:
2629:
1830:
1318:
555:
239:
204:
There are other recorded groups that may have spoken languages or dialects closer to
1121:(Ph.D. dissertation) (in Portuguese) (2 ed.). Brasília: University of Brasília.
2137:
1003:
767:
Similarities with
Cayuvava are due to the expansion of Bororoan speakers into the
76:
1138:
768:
198:
120:
929:
1082:. Illič-Svityč (Nostratic) Seminar / Ностратический семинар, October 17, 2019.
1044:
1000:
Boe ewadaru = A língua bororo : breve histórico e elementos de gramática
764:. Karajá speakers had also adopted ceramic technology from Cariban speakers.
201:
in
Bolivia which may have been dialects of it, such as Kovare and Kurumina.
61:
1202:
1175:
1095:
ASJP World Language Trees of Lexical Similarity: Version 4 (October 2013)
1052:
208:, such as Aravirá, but nothing is directly known about these languages:
1028:
1211:
34:
909:
Diccionario étnico: Santa Cruz la Vieja y su entorno en el siglo XVI
874:(1950). "The languages of South America". In Steward, Julian (ed.).
834:
736:
Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the
518:
Ceria & Sandalo (1995) note parallels between Bororo and the
1118:
Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas
1859:
1215:
1152:(in Portuguese). Campo Grande: Missão Salesiana de Mato Grosso.
511:
The Bororoan languages are commonly thought to be part of the
878:. Vol. 6. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office:
104:. They are sometimes considered to form part of the proposed
1143:(Doctoral thesis) (in Portuguese). Universidade de Brasília.
860:(Ph.D. dissertation). Brasília: Universidade de Brasília.
522:. Kaufman (1994) has suggested a relationship with the
814:
Ribeiro, Eduardo Rivail; Voort, Hein van der (2010).
3181:
3110:
3082:
2951:
2913:
2837:
2771:
2654:
2593:
2486:
2446:
2400:
2327:
2267:
2225:
2147:
2035:
1952:
1925:
1905:
1810:
1766:
1718:
1700:
1673:
1652:
1645:
1598:
1545:
1513:
1504:
1482:
1455:
1435:
1390:
1332:
1299:
1276:
1267:
1258:
1249:
526:, which Nikulin (2020) considers to be a sister of
269:(1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items.
81:
Geographical distribution of the Borôroan languages
60:
40:
28:
23:
948:
846:
844:
1092:Epps, Anthony Grant, and Pilar Valenzuela. 2013.
951:Classification of South American Indian languages
1190:Journal de la Société des Américanistes de Paris
1163:Journal de la Société des Américanistes de Paris
1110:
1108:
1106:
1104:
3257:Indigenous languages of South America (Central)
809:
807:
1027:Ceria, Verónica G.; Sandalo, Filomena (1995).
973:The Ethnographic Collection of Johann Natterer
495:For a list of Proto-Bororo reconstructions by
1871:
1227:
823:International Journal of American Linguistics
8:
794:Revista do Círculo de Estudos "Bandeirantes"
242:in Mato Grosso, is another name for Bororo.
1115:Jolkesky, Marcelo Pinho de Valhery (2016).
223:in Mato Grosso according to Loukotka (1968)
139:The relationship between the languages is,
2222:
1949:
1922:
1878:
1864:
1856:
1649:
1510:
1452:
1432:
1329:
1273:
1264:
1255:
1234:
1220:
1212:
955:. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
939:
937:
542:
273:
1887:Indigenous language families and isolates
1201:
1174:
786:
784:
896:
496:
197:for various additional varieties of the
190:may have also been a Bororoan language.
854:Proto-Macro-Jê: um estudo reconstrutivo
780:
215:– extinct language once spoken on the
20:
1314:Mẽbêngôkre (dialects: Kayapó, Xikrín)
724:An automated computational analysis (
7:
16:Language family indigenous to Brazil
876:Handbook of South American Indians
756:language families due to contact.
14:
108:, though this has been disputed.
1159:"Vocabulário dos indios Umutína"
984:Castelnau, Francis de. 1850-59.
75:
1008:Universidade Católica Dom Bosco
886:Bulletin 143. pp. 157–317.
250:, which has been documented by
3262:Mamoré–Guaporé linguistic area
1067:Atlas of the World’s Languages
998:Camargo, Gonçalo Ochoa. 2014.
1:
884:Bureau of American Ethnology
1150:Dicionário Bororo-Português
1069:, 59–93. London: Routledge.
1033:Anthropological Linguistics
3278:
2605:Arawan–Harákmbut–Katukinan
930:10.18441/ind.v29i0.201-220
1840:
1186:"Vocabulos Urukú e Digút"
74:
42:Linguistic classification
1137:Camargos, L. S. (2013).
965:Feest, Christian. 2014.
907:Combès, Isabelle. 2010.
851:Nikulin, Andrey (2020).
499:, see the corresponding
106:Macro-Jê language family
880:Smithsonian Institution
3206:Unclassified languages
1419:Akwẽ-Xerénte (Xerénte)
2776:, Bolivia, and Chile)
2597:(west-central Brazil)
1203:10.3406/jsa.1955.2600
1176:10.3406/jsa.1952.2400
1148:Ochoa, G. C. (1995).
1184:Schultz, H. (1955).
1157:Schultz, H. (1951).
989:. P. Bertrand. Paris
520:Guaicuruan languages
256:Francis de Castelnau
111:They are called the
3252:Languages of Brazil
3199:Marañón River basin
3064:Tequiraca–Canichana
3044:Maya–Yunga–Chipayan
1506:Trans–São Francisco
1206:– via Persée.
1179:– via Persée.
1078:Nikulin, Andrey V.
524:Chiquitano language
3242:Macro-Jê languages
3237:Bororoan languages
3019:Esmeralda–Yaruroan
2952:Proposed groupings
1906:Language families
1243:Macro-Jê languages
507:External relations
501:Portuguese article
113:Borotuke languages
90:Borôroan languages
3247:Language families
3224:
3223:
3194:Extinct languages
2947:
2946:
2263:
2262:
2031:
2030:
1900:
1853:
1852:
1847:extinct languages
1742:Bororo of Cabaçal
1696:
1695:
1641:
1640:
1500:
1499:
1478:
1477:
1470:Laklãnõ (Xokléng)
1431:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1386:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1192:(in Portuguese).
1165:(in Portuguese).
945:Loukotka, Čestmír
924:, v. 29. Berlín.
872:Mason, John Alden
720:
719:
515:language family.
486:
485:
247:Bororo of Cabaçal
161:Bororo of Cabaçal
86:
85:
3269:
3216:Linguistic areas
3084:Linguistic areas
2626:? Mura–Matanawí
2373:Andoque–Urequena
2223:
1950:
1923:
1894:
1880:
1873:
1866:
1857:
1650:
1511:
1453:
1433:
1330:
1274:
1265:
1256:
1236:
1229:
1222:
1213:
1207:
1205:
1180:
1178:
1153:
1144:
1123:
1122:
1112:
1099:
1089:
1083:
1076:
1070:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1039:(2). : 169–191.
1024:
1018:
996:
990:
982:
976:
963:
957:
956:
954:
941:
932:
918:
912:
905:
899:
894:
888:
887:
868:
862:
861:
859:
848:
839:
838:
820:
811:
802:
801:
788:
762:Karajá languages
732:Language contact
543:
274:
96:and the extinct
79:
70:
21:
3277:
3276:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3266:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3177:
3106:
3078:
3039:Mataco–Guaicuru
3034:Katembri–Taruma
2999:Macro-Puinavean
2984:Macro-Otomákoan
2943:
2909:
2849:Mataco–Guaicuru
2833:
2767:
2650:
2589:
2482:
2458:Sechura–Catacao
2447:Pacific coast (
2442:
2401:Pacific coast (
2396:
2323:
2259:
2221:
2143:
2027:
1948:
1921:
1907:
1901:
1899:classification)
1893:
1884:
1854:
1849:
1836:
1806:
1762:
1714:
1692:
1669:
1637:
1594:
1568:Ritual Maxakalí
1541:
1496:
1474:
1451:
1423:
1392:Central (Akuwẽ)
1378:
1328:
1295:
1285:Southern Kayapó
1245:
1240:
1210:
1183:
1156:
1147:
1136:
1132:
1130:Further reading
1127:
1126:
1114:
1113:
1102:
1090:
1086:
1077:
1073:
1064:
1060:
1026:
1025:
1021:
997:
993:
983:
979:
964:
960:
943:
942:
935:
919:
915:
906:
902:
897:Camargos (2013)
895:
891:
870:
869:
865:
857:
850:
849:
842:
818:
813:
812:
805:
791:
789:
782:
777:
734:
509:
497:Camargos (2013)
493:
264:
252:Johann Natterer
199:Chiquito Plains
137:
82:
66:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3275:
3273:
3265:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3229:
3228:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3213:
3211:Classification
3208:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3191:
3185:
3183:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3114:
3112:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3097:Mamoré–Guaporé
3094:
3088:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3076:
3071:
3069:Wamo–Chapakura
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3049:Moseten–Chonan
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2974:Macro-Chibchan
2971:
2969:Macro-Arawakan
2966:
2961:
2955:
2953:
2949:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2941:
2934:
2927:
2921:
2919:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2876:
2875:
2868:
2861:
2856:
2844:
2842:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2812:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2798:
2787:
2779:
2777:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2716:
2711:
2704:
2697:
2690:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2666:
2660:
2658:
2656:Mamoré–Guaporé
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2641:
2640:
2639:
2632:
2624:
2623:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2600:
2598:
2591:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2585:
2580:
2569:
2562:
2555:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2527:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2497:
2495:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2479:
2478:
2471:
2460:
2454:
2452:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2433:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2408:
2406:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2354:
2346:
2344:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2294:
2287:
2279:
2277:
2265:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2245:
2238:
2232:
2230:
2220:
2219:
2212:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2192:
2191:
2184:
2177:
2164:
2158:
2156:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2134:
2127:
2120:
2113:
2106:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2078:
2071:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2045:
2039:
2037:
2036:Eastern Brazil
2033:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2017:
2010:
2003:
1996:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1958:
1956:
1947:
1946:
1939:
1931:
1929:
1920:
1919:
1911:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1885:
1883:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1860:
1851:
1850:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1827:
1819:
1817:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1797:
1790:
1783:
1775:
1773:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1752:
1745:
1738:
1733:
1725:
1723:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1712:
1706:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1679:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1656:
1654:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1628:
1621:
1614:
1606:
1604:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1571:
1564:
1559:
1551:
1549:
1543:
1542:
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1539:
1532:
1527:
1519:
1517:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1461:
1459:
1450:
1449:
1441:
1439:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1404:
1396:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1338:
1336:
1327:
1326:
1321:
1319:Kĩsêdjê (Suyá)
1316:
1311:
1305:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1280:
1278:
1271:
1262:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1241:
1239:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1216:
1209:
1208:
1181:
1154:
1145:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1100:
1084:
1071:
1058:
1019:
991:
977:
958:
933:
913:
900:
889:
863:
840:
835:10.1086/658056
803:
779:
778:
776:
773:
733:
730:
722:
721:
718:
717:
715:
712:
709:
705:
704:
702:
699:
696:
692:
691:
688:
686:
683:
679:
678:
675:
673:
670:
666:
665:
662:
660:
657:
653:
652:
649:
646:
644:
640:
639:
636:
633:
631:
627:
626:
623:
620:
618:
614:
613:
610:
607:
604:
600:
599:
596:
594:
591:
587:
586:
583:
580:
577:
573:
572:
569:
566:
563:
559:
558:
553:
550:
547:
508:
505:
492:
491:Proto-language
489:
488:
487:
484:
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
467:
466:
463:
460:
457:
454:
450:
449:
446:
443:
440:
437:
433:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
416:
415:
412:
409:
406:
403:
399:
398:
395:
392:
389:
386:
382:
381:
378:
375:
372:
369:
365:
364:
361:
358:
355:
352:
348:
347:
344:
341:
338:
335:
331:
330:
327:
324:
321:
318:
314:
313:
310:
307:
304:
301:
297:
296:
291:
286:
283:
278:
263:
260:
225:
224:
221:Sepotuba River
185:
184:
183:
182:
166:
157:
149:
136:
133:
92:of Brazil are
84:
83:
80:
72:
71:
64:
58:
57:
56:
55:
44:
38:
37:
32:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3274:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3180:
3174:
3173:French Guiana
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3029:Je–Tupi–Carib
3027:
3025:
3024:Hibito–Cholon
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3004:Macro-Warpean
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2950:
2940:
2939:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2912:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2836:
2830:
2829:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2770:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2689:
2688:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2592:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2508:Hibito–Cholon
2506:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2470:
2469:Cañari–Puruhá
2467:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2271:
2266:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2034:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2004:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1928:
1927:Je–Tupi–Carib
1924:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1904:
1898:
1897:Campbell 2012
1892:
1891:South America
1888:
1881:
1876:
1874:
1869:
1867:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1848:
1844:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1651:
1648:
1644:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1602:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1375:
1374:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1237:
1232:
1230:
1225:
1223:
1218:
1217:
1214:
1204:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1142:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1120:
1119:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1068:
1062:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1016:9788575981603
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
995:
992:
988:
981:
978:
974:
970:
969:
962:
959:
953:
952:
946:
940:
938:
934:
931:
927:
923:
917:
914:
910:
904:
901:
898:
893:
890:
885:
881:
877:
873:
867:
864:
856:
855:
847:
845:
841:
836:
832:
829:(4): 517–70.
828:
824:
817:
810:
808:
804:
799:
795:
787:
785:
781:
774:
772:
770:
765:
763:
757:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
731:
729:
727:
716:
713:
710:
707:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
693:
689:
687:
684:
681:
680:
676:
674:
671:
668:
667:
663:
661:
658:
655:
654:
650:
647:
645:
642:
641:
637:
634:
632:
629:
628:
624:
621:
619:
616:
615:
611:
608:
605:
602:
601:
597:
595:
592:
589:
588:
584:
581:
578:
575:
574:
570:
567:
564:
561:
560:
557:
556:Proto-Cariban
554:
551:
548:
545:
544:
541:
540:
539:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
516:
514:
506:
504:
502:
498:
490:
481:
478:
475:
472:
469:
468:
464:
461:
458:
455:
452:
451:
447:
444:
441:
438:
435:
434:
430:
427:
424:
421:
418:
417:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
400:
396:
393:
390:
387:
384:
383:
379:
376:
373:
370:
367:
366:
362:
359:
356:
353:
350:
349:
345:
342:
339:
336:
333:
332:
328:
325:
322:
319:
316:
315:
311:
308:
305:
302:
299:
298:
295:
292:
290:
287:
284:
282:
279:
276:
275:
272:
271:
270:
268:
261:
259:
257:
253:
249:
248:
243:
241:
240:Madeira River
237:
233:
229:
222:
218:
217:Cabaçal River
214:
211:
210:
209:
207:
202:
200:
196:
191:
189:
180:
177:
173:
170:
167:
165:
162:
158:
156:
153:
152:
151:Otuke–Bororo
150:
148:
145:
142:
141:
140:
134:
132:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
109:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
78:
73:
69:
65:
63:
59:
54:
51:
50:
48:
45:
43:
39:
36:
33:
27:
22:
19:
3059:Saparo–Yawan
3009:Arutani–Sape
2994:Macro-Panoan
2989:Macro-Paesan
2979:Macro-Jibaro
2964:Macro-Andean
2936:
2929:
2900:Lule–Vilelan
2870:
2863:
2826:
2819:
2807:
2782:
2760:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2732:
2725:
2718:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2680:
2668:
2643:
2634:
2573:Saparo–Yawan
2564:
2557:
2550:
2543:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2502:Pano–Tacanan
2500:
2473:
2435:
2428:
2411:
2405:and Ecuador)
2389:
2349:
2296:
2289:
2282:
2247:
2240:
2214:
2202:
2195:
2186:
2179:
2172:
2168:Arutani–Sape
2136:
2129:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2020:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1941:
1934:
1914:
1908:and isolates
1842:
1829:
1822:
1811:
1799:
1792:
1785:
1778:
1767:
1754:
1747:
1740:
1728:
1719:
1630:
1623:
1616:
1609:
1599:
1587:
1580:
1573:
1566:
1554:
1534:
1522:
1489:
1483:Unclassified
1444:
1437:Jê of Paraná
1406:
1399:
1371:
1283:
1193:
1189:
1166:
1162:
1149:
1139:
1117:
1093:
1087:
1074:
1066:
1061:
1036:
1032:
1022:
1004:Campo Grande
999:
994:
985:
980:
966:
961:
950:
921:
916:
908:
903:
892:
875:
866:
853:
826:
822:
797:
793:
766:
758:
735:
723:
549:Proto-Bororo
517:
510:
494:
265:
245:
244:
236:Garças River
232:Valhas River
227:
226:
212:
203:
192:
186:
178:
171:
163:
146:
138:
112:
110:
89:
87:
52:
31:distribution
18:
3054:Quechumaran
3014:Bora–Witoto
2914:Far South (
2815:Uru–Chipaya
2791:Quechumaran
2676:Nambikwaran
2358:Bora–Witoto
2255:Ticuna–Yuri
1688:Djeoromitxi
1653:Mato Grosso
769:Chiquitania
538:languages:
121:portmanteau
3231:Categories
2925:Qawasqaran
2859:Guaicuruan
2828:Mapudungun
2664:Chapacuran
2578:Peba–Yagua
2513:Cahuapanan
2430:Yurumanguí
2014:Chiquitano
1987:Maxakalian
1895:(based on
1756:Gorgotoqui
1547:Maxakalían
1169:: 81–137.
775:References
750:Nambikwara
262:Vocabulary
188:Gorgotoqui
176:Gorgotoqui
119:(1950), a
29:Geographic
3189:Languages
3158:Venezuela
3118:Argentina
3111:Countries
3102:Amazonian
2714:Mosetenan
2708:Canichana
2620:Katukinan
2615:Harákmbut
2566:Tequiraca
2437:Esmeralda
2424:Barbacoan
2380:Guajiboan
2319:Jirajaran
2274:Venezuela
2210:Otomacoan
2162:Yanomaman
2153:Venezuela
2089:Pankararú
2007:Rikbaktsá
1845:indicate
1665:Rikbáktsa
1367:Kỳikatêjê
1362:Parkatêjê
1196:: 81–97.
1045:1944-6527
987:Castelnau
656:fat (n.)
428:azyukuetá
135:Languages
62:Glottolog
3168:Suriname
3148:Paraguay
3133:Colombia
2895:Huarpean
2890:Charruan
2885:Zamucoan
2880:Mascoyan
2854:Matacoan
2796:Quechuan
2720:Yuracaré
2687:Cayubaba
2681:Bororoan
2636:Matanawí
2583:Zaparoan
2552:Taushiro
2524:Candoshi
2518:Jivaroan
2413:Chibchan
2403:Colombia
2368:Witotoan
2351:Tucanoan
2333:Colombia
2314:Timotean
2309:Tiniguan
2270:Colombia
2096:Tarairiú
2075:Katembri
2043:Karirian
1982:Krenakan
1967:Jabutian
1954:Macro-Jê
1916:Arawakan
1780:Dzubukuá
1675:Jabutian
1625:Masakará
1562:Maxakalí
1465:Kaingáng
1457:Southern
1408:Xakriabá
1324:Tapayuna
1301:Northern
1053:30028310
1010:(UCDB).
947:(1968).
800:: 61–74.
771:region.
746:Kayuvava
664:*ka(t-)
638:*mi(t-)
528:Macro-Jê
513:Macro-Jê
414:moktuhu
312:ki-taho
267:Loukotka
68:boro1281
53:Borôroan
47:Macro-Jê
24:Borôroan
3143:Ecuador
3123:Bolivia
3074:Amerind
2872:Payaguá
2841:–Pampas
2809:Puquina
2801:Aymaran
2772:Andes (
2755:Irantxe
2694:Itonama
2559:Urarina
2545:Waorani
2538:Munichi
2531:Omurano
2475:Mochica
2464:Chimuan
2419:Chocoan
2391:Puinave
2385:Nadahup
2298:Andaquí
2268:Andes (
2236:Sáliban
2174:Arutani
2149:Orinoco
1936:Cariban
1843:Italics
1816: ?
1772: ?
1759: ?
1730:Umutína
1722: ?
1683:Arikapú
1646:Western
1536:Nakrehé
1414:Xavánte
1357:Krĩkatí
1352:Pykobjê
1334:Timbira
1309:Apinajé
1260:Cerrado
922:Indiana
711:*motɨtɨ
651:*əmija
648:(a)mɨsã
617:tongue
532:Cariban
482:vevika
431:anteko
419:jaguar
363:tohori
306:i-kaura
303:i-táuro
300:tongue
289:Umutina
213:Aravirá
181: ?
144:Umotina
98:Umotína
3163:Guyana
3128:Brazil
2931:Yaghan
2905:Chonan
2865:Guachí
2734:Aikanã
2701:Movima
2645:Trumai
2610:Arawan
2595:Amazon
2488:Amazon
2341:Vaupés
2337:Japurá
2329:Amazon
2304:Paezan
2216:Yaruro
2124:Xukurú
2068:Baenan
2061:Gamela
2054:Taruma
2048:Purían
1977:Karajá
1972:Kamakã
1943:Tupian
1824:Coropó
1813:Purian
1801:Sabujá
1787:Kamurú
1769:Karirí
1736:Boróro
1720:Borôro
1710:Karajá
1702:Karajá
1632:Menién
1618:Kotoxó
1611:Kamakã
1601:Kamakã
1589:Kapoxó
1582:Makoní
1575:Pataxó
1556:Malalí
1530:Krenak
1524:Guerén
1515:Krenák
1446:Ingain
1342:Canela
1291:Panará
1277:Panará
1051:
1043:
1014:
1006:, MS:
752:, and
708:heavy
690:*kana
625:*nuru
612:*jeje
585:*pana
579:*bidʒa
571:*(j)ə
562:tooth
552:Kariri
536:Kariri
465:huala
453:house
448:aharo
402:earth
351:stone
343:zoːruː
340:dzyóru
326:azyida
323:i-kera
320:i-kéra
294:Otuque
281:Boróro
238:, and
206:Borôro
155:Borôro
125:Bororo
94:Borôro
35:Brazil
3182:Lists
3138:Chile
3092:Chaco
2938:Chono
2916:Chile
2839:Chaco
2821:Kunza
2784:Culle
2762:Arara
2748:Kwazá
2741:Kanoê
2630:Muran
2363:Boran
2343:area)
2291:Camsá
2284:Cofán
2242:Betoi
2204:Guamo
2197:Warao
2110:Wamoé
2022:Guató
2000:Ofayé
1993:Jaikó
1794:Kipeá
1749:Otuke
1660:Ofayé
1491:Jaikó
1401:Acroá
1373:Krẽjê
1347:Krahô
1269:Goyaz
1049:JSTOR
858:(PDF)
819:(PDF)
742:Karib
738:Guato
698:*idʒe
695:name
685:*karo
682:fish
669:seed
643:hand
630:root
603:tree
546:gloss
479:bóika
476:voiga
473:baíga
462:isipá
436:fish
425:adugo
422:adúgo
408:mottu
394:aːliː
385:moon
380:neri
371:kueri
360:tauri
346:reru
334:fire
329:seni
317:hand
285:Orari
277:gloss
228:Orari
195:Otuke
169:Otuke
129:Otuke
117:Mason
102:Otuke
3153:Peru
2959:Duho
2774:Peru
2727:Leco
2670:Mure
2492:Peru
2449:Peru
2272:and
2249:Hodï
2228:Duho
2188:Máku
2181:Sapé
2131:Yaté
2117:Xokó
2103:Tuxá
2082:Natú
1831:Puri
1041:ISSN
1012:ISBN
754:Tupi
726:ASJP
714:madi
622:nunu
598:*tə
582:beɲe
576:ear
534:and
470:bow
445:haré
442:karo
439:kare
411:moto
405:róto
397:ari
377:baru
374:meri
368:sun
357:tori
354:tori
337:yóru
309:azoː
254:and
219:and
193:See
127:and
100:and
88:The
2138:Otí
1889:of
1198:doi
1171:doi
926:doi
831:doi
701:dze
677:*a
659:*ka
609:dzi
593:*tu
590:go
568:dza
459:bai
456:bái
391:ari
388:ári
179:(†)
172:(†)
164:(†)
147:(†)
123:of
115:by
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2847:?
2789:?
2603:?
2571:?
2462:?
2356:?
2335:,
2226:?
2166:?
2019:?
1962:Jê
1251:Jê
1194:44
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1167:41
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1103:^
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