203:
130:
87:
33:
799:, sigma bond of boron is strong, and it induces large s-wave superconducting gap, and pi bond is weak and induces small s-wave gap. The quasiparticle states of the vortices of large gap are highly confined to the vortex core. On the other hand, the quasiparticle states of small gap are loosely bound to the vortex core. Thus they can be delocalized and overlap easily between adjacent vortices. Such delocalization can strongly contribute to the
24:
835:
358:
853:
507:, in which vortices are separated by the critical distance. When the applied flux is too small for the entire superconductor to be filled with a lattice of vortices separated by the critical distance, then there are large regions of type I superconductivity, a Meissner state, separating these domains.
498:
It has been predicted that when two different bands of electrons yield two quasiparticles, one of which has a coherence length that would indicate type I superconductivity and one of which would indicate type II, then in certain cases, vortices attract at long distances and repel at short distances.
514:
experiments at 4.2 Kelvin. The authors found that there are indeed regimes with a much greater density of vortices. Whereas the typical variation in the spacing between
Abrikosov vortices in a type II superconductor is of order 1%, they found a variation of order 50%, in line with the idea that
1294:
Xi, X.X.; Pogrebnyakov, A.V.; Xu, S.Y.; Chen, K.; Cui, Y.; Maertz, E.C.; Zhuang, C.G.; Li, Qi; Lamborn, D.R.; Redwing, J.M.; Liu, Z.K.; Soukiassian, A.; Schlom, D.G.; Weng, X.J.; Dickey, E.C.; Chen, Y.B.; Tian, W.; Pan, X.Q.; Cybart, S.A.; Dynes, R.C.; et al. (14 February 2007).
582:
An alternative technique, disclosed in 2003, employs reactive liquid infiltration of magnesium inside a granular preform of boron powders and was called Mg-RLI technique. The method allowed the manufacture of both high density (more than 90% of the theoretical density for
937:
Unlike elemental boron whose combustion is incomplete through the glassy oxide layered impeding oxygen diffusion, magnesium diboride burns completely when ignited in oxygen or in mixtures with oxidizers. Thus magnesium boride has been proposed as fuel in
844:
1036:
Larbalestier, D. C.; Cooley, L. D.; Rikel, M. O.; Polyanskii, A. A.; Jiang, J.; Patnaik, S.; Cai, X. Y.; Feldmann, D. M.; et al. (2001). "Strongly linked current flow in polycrystalline forms of the superconductor MgB2".
660:
Properties depend greatly on composition and fabrication process. Many properties are anisotropic due to the layered structure. 'Dirty' samples, e.g., with oxides at the crystal boundaries, are different from 'clean' samples.
966:(MTV) payloads. An application of magnesium diboride to hybrid rocket propulsion has also been investigated, mixing the compound in paraffin wax fuel grains to improve mechanical properties and combustion characteristics.
535:
powders. Formation begins at 650 °C; however, since magnesium metal melts at 652 °C, the reaction may involve diffusion of magnesium vapor across boron grain boundaries. At conventional reaction temperatures,
1245:
B.A.Glowacki, M.Majoros, M.Vickers, J.E.Evetts, Y.Shi and I.McDougall, Superconductivity of powder-in-tube MgB2 wires, Superconductor
Science and Technology, 14 (4) 193 (April 2001) | DOI: 10.1088/0953-2048/14/4/304
2041:
Koch, Ernst-Christian; Hahma, Arno; Weiser, Volker; Roth, Evelin; Knapp, Sebastian (2012). "Metal-Fluorocarbon
Pyrolants. XIII: High Performance Infrared Decoy Flare Compositions Based on MgB
456:). This is at odds with usual theories of phonon-mediated superconductivity which assume that all electrons behave in the same manner. Theoretical understanding of the properties of MgB
1657:
901:
cables has resulted in superconducting test cables able to carry 20,000 amperes for extremely high current distribution applications, such as the high luminosity upgrade of the
371:
1098:
Moshchalkov, V. V.; Menghini, Mariela; Nishio, T.; Chen, Q.; Silhanek, A.; Dao, V.; Chibotaru, L.; Zhigadlo, N.; Karpinski, J.; et al. (2009). "Type-1.5 Superconductors".
579:
powder, reduced in diameter, and sintered at 800 to 1000 °C. In both cases, later hot isostatic pressing at approximately 950 °C further improves the properties.
476:
and the known energy gaps of the pi and sigma bands of electrons (2.2 and 7.1 meV, respectively), the pi and sigma bands of electrons have been found to have two different
922:
Thin coatings can be used in superconducting radio frequency cavities to minimize energy loss and reduce the inefficiency of liquid helium cooled niobium cavities.
603:
is used as granular preform inside which YBCO based liquid phases are infiltrated to make superconductive YBCO bulk. This method has been copied and adapted for MgB
621:
2171:
23:
409:
differs strikingly from most low-temperature superconductors, which feature mainly transition metals. Its superconducting mechanism is primarily described by
242:
1449:
Yamada, H; Uchiyama, N; Matsumoto, A; Kitaguchi, H; Kumakura, H (2007). "The excellent superconducting properties of in situ powder-in-tube processed MgB
890:
conductors have potential uses in superconducting transformers, rotors and transmission cables at temperatures of around 25 K, at fields of 1 T."
982:
Nagamatsu, Jun; Nakagawa, Norimasa; Muranaka, Takahiro; Zenitani, Yuji; Akimitsu, Jun (2001). "Superconductivity at 39 K in magnesium diboride".
1707:
929:
has promise for use in superconducting low to medium field magnets, electric motors and generators, fault current limiters and current leads.
3433:
2139:
2095:
495:
and the second is greater, therefore the first seems to indicate marginal type I superconductivity and the second type II superconductivity.
1728:
Nakai, Noriyuki; Ichioka, Masanori; MacHida, Kazushige (2002). "Field
Dependence of Electronic Specific Heat in Two-Band Superconductors".
1496:
Vajpayee, A; Awana, V; Balamurugan, S; Takayamamuromachi, E; Kishan, H; Bhalla, G (2007). "Effect of PVA doping on flux pinning in Bulk MgB
527:
Magnesium diboride was synthesized and its structure confirmed in 1953. The simplest synthesis involves high temperature reaction between
1866:
820:
Superconducting properties and low cost make magnesium diboride attractive for a variety of applications. For those applications, MgB
2645:
2164:
217:
1162:& Speight, Martin (2005). "Semi-Meissner state and neither type-I nor type-II superconductivity in multicomponent systems".
2111:
588:
1595:
378:
3423:
2157:
587:) bulk materials and special hollow fibers. This method is equivalent to similar melt growth based methods such as the
460:
has nearly been achieved by modelling two energy gaps. In 2001 it was regarded as behaving more like a metallic than a
2076:
Bertoldi, A. E. M.; Bouziane, M.; Hendrick, P.; Vandevelde, C.; Lefebvre, M.; Veras, C. A. G. (28 May – 1 June 2018).
592:
433:
181:
608:
783:
Even small amounts of doping lead both bands into the type II regime and so no semi-Meissner state may be expected.
3438:
861:
80:
485:
137:
886:
coils, operating in the 20–25 K range without liquid helium for cooling. ... Besides the magnet applications MgB
3428:
3181:
2516:
2105:
481:
2127:
3267:
3237:
3188:
2528:
2379:
795:
is a multi-band superconductor, that is each Fermi surface has different superconducting energy gap. For MgB
516:
3327:
3274:
3244:
3196:
3151:
1939:
125:
3334:
3203:
2991:
2743:
2436:
2243:
963:
864:
680:
461:
3312:
3282:
3252:
3229:
2998:
2776:
2080:. 15th International Conference on Space Operations. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
3319:
3289:
3259:
3166:
2793:
2638:
2540:
2371:
2347:
2319:
1215:
Jones, Morton E. & Marsh, Richard E. (1954). "The
Preparation and Structure of Magnesium Boride, MgB
902:
1255:
Giunchi, G.; Ceresara, S.; Ripamonti, G.; Chiarelli, S.; Spadoni, M.; et al. (6 August 2002). "MgB
1961:
Koch, E.-C.; Weiser, V. and Roth, E. (2011), Combustion behaviour of Binary
Pyrolants based on Mg, MgH
1578:"MgB2—based superconductor with high critical current density, and method for manufacturing the same"
3214:
3158:
2897:
2812:
1950:
1914:
1790:
1747:
1683:
1615:
1519:
1462:
1415:
1352:
1308:
1268:
1181:
1117:
1056:
991:
824:
powder is compressed with silver metal (or 316 stainless steel) into wire and sometimes tape via the
800:
730:
697:
422:
401:. It is a dark gray, water-insoluble solid. The compound has attracted attention because it becomes
198:
3221:
2495:
2483:
2428:
2263:
2207:
2180:
504:
46:
2827:
2136:
503:
is minimized at a critical distance. As a consequence there is a conjectured new phase called the
3297:
2915:
2783:
2736:
2568:
2507:
2457:
2452:
2420:
2331:
2307:
2299:
2283:
1848:
1806:
1763:
1737:
1699:
1673:
1631:
1535:
1509:
1478:
1431:
1368:
1197:
1171:
1141:
1107:
1080:
1046:
1015:
633:
541:
440:) superconductors, it is unusual. Its electronic structure is such that there exist two types of
394:
3367:
3304:
3173:
2980:
2801:
2584:
2556:
2475:
2467:
2462:
2403:
2359:
2339:
2227:
2215:
2199:
2091:
1897:
Braccini, Valeria; Nardelli, Davide; Penco, Roberto; Grasso, Giovanni (2007). "Development of
1133:
1072:
1007:
734:
515:
vortices assemble into domains where they may be separated by the critical distance. The term
321:
107:
32:
1873:
3418:
3356:
3034:
3022:
3006:
2937:
2923:
2851:
2820:
2631:
2395:
2081:
2058:
1922:
1840:
1798:
1755:
1691:
1623:
1527:
1470:
1423:
1360:
1316:
1276:
1228:
1189:
1125:
1064:
999:
883:
649:
616:
500:
477:
270:
56:
3014:
2907:
2859:
2415:
2143:
1639:
1918:
1794:
1751:
1687:
1619:
1523:
1466:
1419:
1356:
1312:
1272:
1185:
1121:
1060:
995:
202:
129:
3042:
2751:
825:
548:
402:
349:
328:
1364:
3412:
2839:
1852:
1844:
1767:
1703:
1635:
1539:
1474:
1435:
1427:
1372:
1201:
946:
in blast-enhanced explosives and propellants has been proposed for the same reasons.
305:
169:
118:
1810:
1482:
1145:
693:) is: 10 A/m at 20 T, 10 A/m at 18 T, 10 A/m at 15 T, 10 A/m at 10 T, 10 A/m at 5 T.
624:(HPCVD) has been the most effective technique for depositing magnesium diboride (MgB
1129:
1084:
1019:
776:) in magnetic field is enhanced greatly (approx double at 4.2 K) by doping with ZrB
564:
1553:
611:. The process of Reactive Mg Liquid Infiltration in a boron preform to obtain MgB
563:
variant, a mixture of boron and magnesium is reduced in diameter by conventional
1926:
1531:
1320:
1159:
947:
445:
336:
1695:
1656:
Sologubenko, A. V.; Jun, J.; Kazakov, S. M.; Karpinski, J.; Ott, H. R. (2002).
1193:
2027:
2008:
1802:
1781:
Bray, J.W. (2009). "Superconductors in
Applications; Some Practical Aspects".
1627:
1580:
872:
726:
473:
449:
437:
410:
285:
98:
1280:
421:
Magnesium diboride's superconducting properties were discovered in 2001. Its
648:
films with smooth surfaces, which are required to make reproducible uniform
537:
532:
441:
2062:
1137:
1076:
1011:
2078:
Development and Test of
Magnesium-Based Additive for Hybrid Rockets Fuels
1742:
1678:
1176:
1051:
540:
is minimal, although grain recrystallization is sufficient for
Josephson
510:
Experimental confirmation for this conjecture has arrived recently in MgB
2086:
1827:
Vinod, K; Kumar, R G Abhilash; Syamaprasad, U (2007). "Prospects for MgB
1232:
843:
834:
2674:
2654:
1759:
939:
912:
909:
875:, without requiring externally supplied cryogenic liquids for cooling.
453:
295:
156:
138:
2149:
2703:
1867:"First MRI system based on the new Magnesium Diboride superconductor"
1339:
Eisterer, M (2007). "Magnetic properties and critical currents of MgB
1068:
1003:
951:
852:
547:
Superconducting magnesium diboride wire can be produced through the
348:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
432:) of 39 K (−234 °C; −389 °F) is the highest amongst
1514:
1112:
955:
637:
528:
86:
79:
69:
1386:
Hossain, M S A; et al. (2007). "Significant enhancement of H
615:
has been a subject of patent applications by the
Italian company
567:. The wire is then heated to the reaction temperature to form MgB
894:
2627:
2623:
2153:
488:
are 0.66±0.02 and 3.68, respectively. The first is less than 1/
683:, i.e. increasing magnetic field gradually penetrates into it.
712:
planes) ~3 T, in thin films up to 74 T, in fibers up to 55 T.
480:(51 nm and 13 nm, respectively). The corresponding
405:
at 39 K (−234 °C). In terms of its composition, MgB
632:
films deposited by other technologies are usually rough and
186:
878:"...the next generation MRI instruments must be made of MgB
452:) being much more strongly superconducting than the other (
1299:
thin films by hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition".
484:
are 33.6 nm and 47.8 nm. This implies that the
925:
Because of the low cost of its constituent elements, MgB
652:, the fundamental element of superconducting circuits.
366:
310:
830 °C (1,530 °F; 1,100 K) (decomposes)
1406:
bulks at a low sintering temperature of 600 °C".
751:
only from 39 K to 34 K. The maximum critical current (
1453:
tapes with both ethyltoluene and SiC powder added".
665:The highest superconducting transition temperature
1558:Properties Enhanced by Doping with Carbon Atoms"
1031:
1029:
168:
1658:"Thermal conductivity of single crystalline MgB
958:display 30–60% increased spectral efficiency, E
595:superconductors where the non-superconducting Y
448:with widely differing behaviours, one of them (
55:
1783:IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
1261:IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
2639:
2165:
2146:, US Department of Energy Research News, 2001
8:
499:In particular, the potential energy between
733:and the maximum current density (also with
2646:
2632:
2624:
2172:
2158:
2150:
1905:wires and their applications to magnets".
1872:. Columbus Superconductors. Archived from
1334:
1332:
1330:
201:
128:
106:
15:
2085:
2025:"Light metal explosives and propellants"
1831:superconductors for magnet application".
1741:
1677:
1513:
1175:
1111:
1050:
622:Hybrid physical–chemical vapor deposition
589:Infiltration and Growth Processing method
2049:Si and Polytetrafluoroethylene/Viton®".
1822:
1820:
1730:Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
1221:Journal of the American Chemical Society
867:system was built using 18 km of MgB
1651:
1649:
974:
830:
247:
222:
197:
2687:
2103:
255:......1=2==3=4==5=6==17=23=45=67......
119:
3140:
2051:Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics
1833:Superconductor Science and Technology
1455:Superconductor Science and Technology
1408:Superconductor Science and Technology
1345:Superconductor Science and Technology
933:Propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics
803:, which shows abrupt increase above H
229:Key: PZKRHHZKOQZHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
7:
2670:
762:can reduce the decrease. (Doping MgB
708:planes) is ~14 T, (perpendicular to
575:variant, the tube is filled with MgB
2128:Essential Science Indicators on MgB
1600:in the powder-in-tube processed MgB
1259:reactive sintering from elements".
871:wires. This MRI used a closed-loop
159:
14:
758:) is reduced, but doping with TiB
740:5% doping with carbon can raise H
628:) thin films. The surfaces of MgB
1981:Si and Polytetrafluoroethylene,
851:
842:
833:
356:
31:
22:
962:(J gsr), compared to classical
744:from 16 to 36 T while lowering
609:Reactive Mg Liquid Infiltration
352:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
2137:Old material makes a new debut
1596:"Doping effects of ZrC and ZrB
1130:10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.117001
950:containing magnesium diboride/
769:The maximum critical current (
1:
640:system can grow high-quality
3434:Non-stoichiometric compounds
2012:, Issued: November 24, 1981.
1907:Physica C: Superconductivity
1502:Physica C: Superconductivity
942:. In addition the use of MgB
725:with carbon (e.g. using 10%
434:conventional superconductors
2110:: CS1 maint: date format (
1927:10.1016/j.physc.2007.01.030
1532:10.1016/j.physc.2007.05.046
1365:10.1088/0953-2048/20/12/R01
1321:10.1016/j.physc.2007.01.029
721:Various means of doping MgB
519:was coined for this state.
3455:
3142:
1845:10.1088/0953-2048/20/1/R01
1696:10.1103/PhysRevB.66.014504
1584:, Issue date: Oct 11, 2005
1475:10.1088/0953-2048/20/6/L02
1428:10.1088/0953-2048/20/8/L03
1194:10.1103/PhysRevB.72.180502
686:Maximum critical current (
656:Electromagnetic properties
517:type-1.5 superconductivity
486:Ginzburg-Landau parameters
2689:
2667:
2187:
2006:pyrotechnic composition"
1940:CERN high current project
1803:10.1109/TASC.2009.2019287
1628:10.1007/s11434-006-2155-4
860:In 2006 a 0.5 tesla open
482:London penetration depths
346:
314:
290:45.93 g/mol
263:
238:
213:
39:
30:
21:
1608:Chinese Science Bulletin
1281:10.1109/TASC.2003.812090
919:for its poloidal coils.
2031:, Issued: April 5, 2005
1100:Physical Review Letters
915:design was based on MgB
591:used to fabricate bulk
2063:10.1002/prep.201200044
964:Magnesium/Teflon/Viton
865:superconducting magnet
766:with Ti is patented.)
681:type-II superconductor
462:cuprate superconductor
436:. Among conventional (
2028:U.S. patent 6,875,294
2009:U.S. patent 4,302,259
1581:U.S. patent 6,953,770
903:Large Hadron Collider
811:Possible applications
717:Improvement by doping
801:thermal conductivity
787:Thermal conductivity
731:upper critical field
698:Upper critical field
423:critical temperature
397:with the formula MgB
3424:Magnesium compounds
2181:Magnesium compounds
2087:10.2514/6.2018-2383
1919:2007PhyC..456..209B
1795:2009ITAS...19.2533B
1752:2002JPSJ...71...23N
1688:2002PhRvB..66a4504S
1620:2006ChSBu..51.2669M
1524:2007PhyC..466...46V
1467:2007SuScT..20L..30Y
1420:2007SuScT..20L..51H
1357:2007SuScT..20R..47E
1313:2007PhyC..456...22X
1273:2003ITAS...13.3060G
1233:10.1021/ja01634a089
1186:2005PhRvB..72r0502B
1122:2009PhRvL.102k7001M
1061:2001Natur.410..186L
996:2001Natur.410...63N
650:Josephson junctions
636:. In contrast, the
505:semi-Meissner state
468:Semi-Meissner state
18:
17:Magnesium diboride
2142:2021-02-08 at the
1951:Ignitor fact sheet
1760:10.1143/JPSJ.71.23
729:) can improve the
696:As of 2008 :
634:non-stoichiometric
559:processes. In the
542:quantum tunnelling
395:inorganic compound
391:Magnesium diboride
379:Infobox references
16:
3439:Ceramic materials
3406:
3405:
3400:
3399:
2621:
2620:
2132:(1992 – May 2002)
2097:978-1-62410-562-3
1666:Physical Review B
1614:(21): 2669–2672.
1164:Physical Review B
1045:(6825): 186–189.
882:coils instead of
735:polyvinyl acetate
607:and rebranded as
478:coherence lengths
417:Superconductivity
387:Chemical compound
385:
384:
322:Crystal structure
182:CompTox Dashboard
88:Interactive image
81:Interactive image
3446:
2671:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2625:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2603:
2602:
2594:
2593:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2151:
2116:
2115:
2109:
2101:
2089:
2073:
2067:
2066:
2038:
2032:
2030:
2019:
2013:
2011:
1994:Ward, J. R. "MgH
1992:
1986:
1959:
1953:
1948:
1942:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1913:(1–2): 209–217.
1894:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1878:
1871:
1863:
1857:
1856:
1824:
1815:
1814:
1789:(3): 2533–2539.
1778:
1772:
1771:
1745:
1743:cond-mat/0111088
1725:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1706:. Archived from
1681:
1679:cond-mat/0201517
1653:
1644:
1643:
1638:. Archived from
1591:
1585:
1583:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1564:. June 28, 2004.
1550:
1544:
1543:
1517:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1336:
1325:
1324:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1267:(2): 3060–3063.
1252:
1246:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1179:
1177:cond-mat/0411681
1156:
1150:
1149:
1115:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1069:10.1038/35065559
1054:
1052:cond-mat/0102216
1033:
1024:
1023:
1004:10.1038/35065039
979:
855:
846:
837:
704:): (parallel to
544:between grains.
494:
493:
369:
363:
360:
359:
342:P6/mmm, No. 191
271:Chemical formula
206:
205:
190:
188:
172:
161:
140:
132:
121:
110:
90:
83:
59:
35:
26:
19:
3454:
3453:
3449:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3443:
3429:Superconductors
3409:
3408:
3407:
3402:
3401:
3371:
3360:
3338:
3333:
3331:
3323:
3318:
3316:
3308:
3303:
3301:
3293:
3288:
3286:
3278:
3273:
3271:
3263:
3258:
3256:
3248:
3243:
3241:
3233:
3225:
3220:
3218:
3207:
3202:
3200:
3192:
3187:
3185:
3177:
3172:
3170:
3162:
3157:
3155:
3046:
3038:
3030:
3026:
3018:
3010:
3002:
2997:
2995:
2984:
2941:
2927:
2919:
2911:
2901:
2863:
2858:
2855:
2847:
2843:
2835:
2831:
2826:
2824:
2805:
2797:
2787:
2782:
2780:
2755:
2747:
2742:
2740:
2732:
2682:
2678:
2663:
2662:
2652:
2622:
2617:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2564:
2560:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2536:
2532:
2524:
2520:
2511:
2503:
2499:
2491:
2487:
2479:
2471:
2448:
2444:
2440:
2432:
2424:
2411:
2407:
2399:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2375:
2367:
2363:
2355:
2351:
2343:
2335:
2327:
2323:
2315:
2311:
2303:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2223:
2219:
2211:
2203:
2195:
2183:
2178:
2144:Wayback Machine
2131:
2124:
2119:
2106:cite conference
2102:
2098:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2026:
2020:
2016:
2007:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:, Reims, France
1980:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1949:
1945:
1938:
1934:
1904:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1869:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1830:
1826:
1825:
1818:
1780:
1779:
1775:
1727:
1726:
1722:
1713:
1711:
1661:
1655:
1654:
1647:
1603:
1599:
1594:Ma, Y. (2006).
1593:
1592:
1588:
1579:
1573:
1569:
1557:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1499:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1390:and Hirr in MgB
1389:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1351:(12): R47–R73.
1342:
1338:
1337:
1328:
1298:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1240:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1035:
1034:
1027:
981:
980:
976:
972:
961:
945:
935:
928:
918:
900:
889:
881:
870:
856:
847:
838:
823:
818:
816:Superconductors
813:
806:
798:
794:
789:
779:
775:
765:
761:
757:
750:
743:
724:
719:
703:
692:
678:
671:
658:
647:
631:
627:
614:
606:
602:
598:
586:
578:
570:
525:
513:
491:
489:
470:
459:
438:phonon-mediated
431:
419:
408:
403:superconducting
400:
388:
381:
376:
375:
374: ?)
365:
361:
357:
353:
339:
324:
279:
273:
259:
256:
251:
246:
245:
234:
231:
230:
227:
221:
220:
209:
191:
184:
175:
162:
150:
113:
93:
73:
62:
49:
12:
11:
5:
3452:
3450:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3411:
3410:
3404:
3403:
3398:
3397:
3394:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3382:
3379:
3376:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3351:
3348:
3345:
3341:
3340:
3336:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3299:
3295:
3291:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3216:
3212:
3209:
3205:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3116:
3113:
3110:
3107:
3104:
3101:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3083:
3079:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2993:
2989:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2861:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2822:
2818:
2815:
2810:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2789:
2785:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2701:
2698:
2694:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2669:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2658:
2653:
2651:
2650:
2643:
2636:
2628:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2608:
2599:
2590:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2134:
2129:
2123:
2122:External links
2120:
2118:
2117:
2096:
2068:
2046:
2042:
2033:
2014:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1987:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1954:
1943:
1932:
1902:
1889:
1858:
1828:
1816:
1773:
1720:
1659:
1645:
1642:on 2012-02-15.
1601:
1597:
1586:
1567:
1555:
1545:
1508:(1–2): 46–50.
1497:
1488:
1450:
1441:
1414:(8): L51–L54.
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1378:
1340:
1326:
1307:(1–2): 22–37.
1296:
1286:
1256:
1247:
1238:
1216:
1207:
1170:(18): 180502.
1151:
1106:(11): 117001.
1090:
1025:
990:(6824): 63–4.
973:
971:
968:
959:
943:
934:
931:
926:
916:
898:
887:
879:
868:
858:
857:
850:
848:
841:
839:
832:
826:Powder-in-tube
821:
817:
814:
812:
809:
804:
796:
792:
788:
785:
777:
773:
763:
759:
755:
748:
741:
722:
718:
715:
714:
713:
701:
694:
690:
684:
676:
673:
669:
657:
654:
645:
629:
625:
612:
604:
600:
596:
584:
576:
568:
549:powder-in-tube
524:
521:
511:
469:
466:
457:
429:
418:
415:
406:
398:
386:
383:
382:
377:
355:
354:
350:standard state
347:
344:
343:
340:
335:
332:
331:
325:
320:
317:
316:
312:
311:
308:
302:
301:
298:
292:
291:
288:
282:
281:
277:
274:
269:
266:
265:
261:
260:
258:
257:
254:
252:
249:
241:
240:
239:
236:
235:
233:
232:
228:
226:InChI=1S/2B.Mg
225:
224:
216:
215:
214:
211:
210:
208:
207:
199:DTXSID60893677
194:
192:
180:
177:
176:
174:
173:
165:
163:
155:
152:
151:
149:
148:
144:
142:
134:
133:
123:
115:
114:
112:
111:
103:
101:
95:
94:
92:
91:
84:
76:
74:
67:
64:
63:
61:
60:
52:
50:
45:
42:
41:
37:
36:
28:
27:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3451:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3395:
3392:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3355:
3352:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3339:
3332:
3326:
3324:
3317:
3311:
3309:
3302:
3296:
3294:
3287:
3281:
3279:
3272:
3266:
3264:
3257:
3251:
3249:
3242:
3236:
3234:
3228:
3226:
3219:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3201:
3195:
3193:
3186:
3180:
3178:
3171:
3165:
3163:
3156:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3139:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3041:
3039:
3033:
3031:
3021:
3019:
3013:
3011:
3005:
3003:
2996:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2922:
2920:
2914:
2912:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2857:
2850:
2848:
2838:
2836:
2825:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2800:
2798:
2792:
2790:
2788:
2781:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2750:
2748:
2741:
2735:
2733:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2685:
2683:
2673:
2672:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2649:
2644:
2642:
2637:
2635:
2630:
2629:
2626:
2614:
2583:
2581:
2567:
2565:
2555:
2553:
2539:
2537:
2527:
2525:
2515:
2513:
2506:
2504:
2494:
2492:
2482:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2435:
2433:
2427:
2425:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2402:
2400:
2394:
2392:
2378:
2376:
2370:
2368:
2358:
2356:
2346:
2344:
2338:
2336:
2330:
2328:
2318:
2316:
2306:
2304:
2298:
2296:
2282:
2280:
2262:
2260:
2242:
2240:
2226:
2224:
2214:
2212:
2206:
2204:
2198:
2196:
2190:
2189:
2186:
2182:
2175:
2170:
2168:
2163:
2161:
2156:
2155:
2152:
2145:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2113:
2107:
2099:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2079:
2072:
2069:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2037:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2018:
2015:
2010:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1983:EUROPYRO 2011
1958:
1955:
1952:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1936:
1933:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1901:processed MgB
1900:
1893:
1890:
1879:on 2007-06-30
1875:
1868:
1862:
1859:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1777:
1774:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1724:
1721:
1710:on 2012-02-14
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1590:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1571:
1568:
1563:
1559:
1549:
1546:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1492:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1445:
1442:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1382:
1379:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1290:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1251:
1248:
1242:
1239:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1211:
1208:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1155:
1152:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1094:
1091:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
978:
975:
969:
967:
965:
957:
953:
949:
941:
932:
930:
923:
920:
914:
911:
906:
904:
896:
893:A project at
891:
885:
876:
874:
866:
863:
854:
849:
845:
840:
836:
831:
829:
827:
815:
810:
808:
802:
786:
784:
781:
772:
767:
754:
747:
738:
736:
732:
728:
716:
711:
707:
699:
695:
689:
685:
682:
674:
668:
664:
663:
662:
655:
653:
651:
643:
639:
635:
623:
619:
618:
617:Edison S.p.A.
610:
594:
590:
580:
574:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
545:
543:
539:
534:
530:
522:
520:
518:
508:
506:
502:
496:
487:
483:
479:
475:
467:
465:
463:
455:
451:
450:sigma-bonding
447:
443:
439:
435:
428:
424:
416:
414:
412:
404:
396:
392:
380:
373:
368:
351:
345:
341:
338:
334:
333:
330:
326:
323:
319:
318:
313:
309:
307:
306:Melting point
304:
303:
299:
297:
294:
293:
289:
287:
284:
283:
275:
272:
268:
267:
262:
253:
248:
244:
237:
223:
219:
212:
204:
200:
196:
195:
193:
183:
179:
178:
171:
167:
166:
164:
158:
154:
153:
146:
145:
143:
141:
136:
135:
131:
127:
124:
122:
120:ECHA InfoCard
117:
116:
109:
105:
104:
102:
100:
97:
96:
89:
85:
82:
78:
77:
75:
71:
66:
65:
58:
54:
53:
51:
48:
44:
43:
38:
34:
29:
25:
20:
2728:
2659:
2191:
2077:
2071:
2054:
2050:
2036:
2022:
2017:
1990:
1982:
1957:
1946:
1935:
1910:
1906:
1898:
1892:
1881:. Retrieved
1874:the original
1861:
1836:
1832:
1786:
1782:
1776:
1736:(1): 23–26.
1733:
1729:
1723:
1712:. Retrieved
1708:the original
1672:(1): 14504.
1669:
1665:
1640:the original
1611:
1607:
1589:
1575:
1570:
1561:
1548:
1505:
1501:
1491:
1458:
1454:
1444:
1411:
1407:
1381:
1348:
1344:
1304:
1300:
1289:
1264:
1260:
1250:
1241:
1224:
1220:
1210:
1167:
1163:
1160:Babaev, Egor
1154:
1103:
1099:
1093:
1042:
1038:
987:
983:
977:
948:Decoy flares
936:
924:
921:
907:
892:
877:
859:
819:
790:
782:
770:
768:
752:
745:
739:
720:
709:
705:
687:
666:
659:
641:
620:
581:
572:
565:wire drawing
560:
556:
552:
546:
526:
509:
497:
471:
426:
420:
390:
389:
40:Identifiers
2021:Wood, L.L.
1574:Zhao, Yong
1227:(5): 1434.
897:to make MgB
446:Fermi level
337:Space group
327:Hexagonal,
264:Properties
126:100.031.352
3413:Categories
2057:(4): 432.
1883:2008-09-22
1839:: R1–R13.
1714:2008-12-18
1461:(6): L30.
970:References
873:cryocooler
727:malic acid
474:BCS theory
454:pi-bonding
411:BCS theory
315:Structure
300:2.57 g/cm
286:Molar mass
99:ChemSpider
68:3D model (
57:12007-25-9
47:CAS Number
1998:and Sr(NO
1853:122933298
1768:119418871
1704:119539678
1636:198141335
1540:118348153
1515:0708.3885
1436:118204074
1373:123577523
1301:Physica C
1202:118146361
1113:0902.0997
828:process.
571:. In the
538:sintering
533:magnesium
523:Synthesis
442:electrons
147:234-501-2
139:EC Number
2140:Archived
1811:30296918
1562:Azom.com
1483:95092135
1146:10831135
1138:19392228
1077:11242073
1012:11242039
940:ram jets
672:is 39 K.
644:pure MgB
501:vortices
170:15987061
108:13118398
3419:Borides
3143:
2655:Borides
1915:Bibcode
1899:ex situ
1791:Bibcode
1748:Bibcode
1684:Bibcode
1616:Bibcode
1520:Bibcode
1463:Bibcode
1416:Bibcode
1353:Bibcode
1309:Bibcode
1269:Bibcode
1182:Bibcode
1118:Bibcode
1085:4424264
1057:Bibcode
1020:4388025
992:Bibcode
913:tokamak
910:IGNITOR
642:in situ
573:ex situ
561:in situ
557:in situ
553:ex situ
490:√
444:at the
393:is the
372:what is
370: (
296:Density
280:
157:PubChem
2429:Mg(OH)
2360:Mg(HCO
2348:Mg(HCO
2320:Mg(ClO
2308:Mg(ClO
2094:
2045:and Mg
2023:et al.
1851:
1809:
1766:
1702:
1634:
1604:tapes"
1576:et al.
1538:
1481:
1434:
1371:
1200:
1144:
1136:
1083:
1075:
1039:Nature
1018:
1010:
984:Nature
952:Teflon
551:(PIT)
472:Using
367:verify
364:
243:SMILES
2404:Mg(NO
2372:MgHPO
1965:, MgB
1877:(PDF)
1870:(PDF)
1849:S2CID
1807:S2CID
1764:S2CID
1738:arXiv
1700:S2CID
1674:arXiv
1632:S2CID
1536:S2CID
1510:arXiv
1479:S2CID
1432:S2CID
1369:S2CID
1198:S2CID
1172:arXiv
1142:S2CID
1108:arXiv
1081:S2CID
1047:arXiv
1016:S2CID
956:Viton
679:is a
638:HPCVD
599:BaCuO
529:boron
218:InChI
70:JSmol
2573:(CrO
2476:MgSO
2468:MgSO
2458:MgSe
2453:MgPo
2380:Mg(H
2300:MgCl
2208:MgCO
2200:MgBr
2112:link
2092:ISBN
1977:, Mg
1969:, Mg
1554:"MgB
1295:"MgB
1134:PMID
1073:PMID
1008:PMID
908:The
895:CERN
884:NbTi
593:YBCO
555:and
531:and
3396:No
3393:Md
3390:Fm
3387:Es
3384:Cf
3381:Bk
3378:Cm
3375:Am
3368:PuB
3364:Np
3353:Pa
3350:Th
3347:Ac
3344:**
3335:YbB
3328:YbB
3320:TmB
3313:TmB
3305:ErB
3298:ErB
3290:HoB
3283:HoB
3275:DyB
3268:DyB
3260:TbB
3253:TbB
3245:GdB
3238:GdB
3230:EuB
3222:SmB
3215:SmB
3211:Pm
3204:NdB
3197:NdB
3189:PrB
3182:PrB
3174:CeB
3167:CeB
3159:LaB
3152:LaB
3136:Og
3133:Ts
3130:Lv
3127:Mc
3124:Fl
3121:Nh
3118:Cn
3115:Rg
3112:Ds
3109:Mt
3106:Hs
3103:Bh
3100:Sg
3097:Db
3094:Rf
3091:Lr
3088:**
3085:Ra
3082:Fr
3077:Rn
3074:At
3071:Po
3068:Bi
3065:Pb
3062:Tl
3059:Hg
3056:Au
3053:Pt
3050:Ir
3043:OsB
3035:ReB
3015:TaB
3007:HfB
2999:LuB
2992:LuB
2981:BaB
2977:Cs
2972:Xe
2966:Te
2963:Sb
2960:Sn
2957:In
2954:Cd
2951:Ag
2948:Pd
2945:Rh
2938:RuB
2934:Tc
2931:Mo
2924:NbB
2916:ZrB
2898:SrB
2894:Rb
2889:Kr
2886:Br
2883:Se
2880:As
2877:Ge
2874:Ga
2871:Zn
2868:Cu
2821:FeB
2817:Mn
2813:CrB
2802:TiB
2794:ScB
2784:CaB
2777:CaB
2768:Ar
2765:Cl
2752:SiB
2744:AlB
2737:AlB
2729:MgB
2725:Na
2720:Ne
2700:Be
2697:Li
2692:He
2604:MgO
2533:SiO
2484:MgU
2463:MgS
2441:(PO
2421:MgO
2416:MgO
2396:MgI
2340:MgH
2332:MgF
2284:MgC
2272:MgN
2228:MgC
2216:MgC
2192:MgB
2082:doi
2059:doi
1923:doi
1911:456
1841:doi
1799:doi
1756:doi
1692:doi
1624:doi
1528:doi
1506:466
1500:".
1471:doi
1424:doi
1361:doi
1343:".
1317:doi
1305:456
1277:doi
1229:doi
1219:".
1190:doi
1126:doi
1104:102
1065:doi
1043:410
1000:doi
988:410
862:MRI
791:MgB
737:).
675:MgB
583:MgB
329:hP3
276:MgB
187:EPA
160:CID
3415::
3357:UB
3148:*
2988:*
2969:I
2908:YB
2860:Ni
2852:Ni
2840:Co
2828:Fe
2809:V
2796:12
2773:K
2762:S
2759:P
2746:12
2717:F
2714:O
2711:N
2708:C
2600:46
2591:24
2569:Mg
2557:Mg
2545:Si
2541:Mg
2529:Mg
2521:Ga
2517:Mg
2512:Si
2508:Mg
2500:Al
2496:Mg
2437:Mg
2384:PO
2290:10
2286:14
2258:14
2252:Mg
2250:10
2246:12
2108:}}
2104:{{
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