1132:
1063:
1527:
1512:
1542:
104:
78:
1612:, the capital of Magadha, in the south-east". According to Bronkhorst "there was indeed a culture of Greater Magadha which remained recognizably distinct from Vedic culture until the time of the grammarian Patañjali (ca. 150 BCE) and beyond". The Buddhologist Alexander Wynne writes that there is an "overwhelming amount of evidence" to suggest that this rival culture to the Vedic Aryans dominated the eastern Gangetic plain during the early Buddhist period. Orthodox Vedic Brahmins were, therefore, a minority in Magadha during this early period.
1047:
1923:, a proponent of the "Long Chronology," Bimbisara must have been reigning in the late 5th century BCE, and Ajatashatru in the early 4th century BCE. Keay states that there is great uncertainty about the royal succession after Ajatashatru's death, probably because there was a period of "court intrigues and murders," during which "evidently the throne changed hands frequently, perhaps with more than one incumbent claiming to occupy it at the same time" until Mahapadma Nanda was able to secure the throne.
623:
676:
662:
1672:
132:
64:
119:
1055:
648:
92:
145:
158:
2316:
1379:. It took fifteen years for Ajatashatru to defeat them. Jain texts tell how Ajatashatru used two new weapons: a catapult, and a covered chariot with swinging mace that has been compared to a modern tank. Pataliputra began to grow as a centre of commerce and became the capital of Magadha after Ajatashatru's death.
1850:
There is much uncertainty about the succession of kings and the precise chronology of
Magadha prior to Mahapadma Nanda; the accounts of various ancient texts (all of which were written many centuries later than the era in question) contradict each other on many points.
1475:
gave rise to diverse range of heterodox beliefs, ranging from accepting or denying the concept of soul, atomism, antinomian ethics, materialism, atheism, agnosticism, fatalism to free will, idealization of extreme asceticism to that of family life, strict
1159:
because Kikata is used as synonym for
Magadha in the later texts; Like the Magadhas in the Atharvaveda, the Rigveda speaks of the Kikatas as a hostile tribe, living on the borders of Brahmanical India, who did not perform Vedic rituals.
1919:, a proponent of the Short Chronology wherein the Buddha's lifespan was c.477–397 BCE, it can be estimated that Bimbisara was reigning c.457–405 BCE, and Ajatashatru was reigning c.405–373 BCE. According to historian
1371:. It appears that Ajatashatru sent a minister to the area who worked for three years to undermine the unity of the Licchavis. To launch his attack across the Ganges River, Ajatashatru built a fort at the town of
3770:
3675:
2741:
2739:
2737:
7418:
1753:
Magadhi
Prakrit was one of the three dramatic prakrits to emerge following the decline of Sanskrit. It was spoken in Magadha and neighbouring regions and later evolved into modern eastern
3763:
1699:
monastery. The
Mahabodhi temple is one of the most important places of pilgrimage in the Buddhist world and is said to mark the site where the Buddha attained enlightenment.
1405:
the western boundaries of
Magadha. The army, exhausted and frightened at the prospect of facing another giant Indian army at the Ganges, mutinied at the Hyphasis (the modern
77:
7642:
6040:
7080:
7411:
3756:
7602:
3710:
2617:
1907:
Furthermore, there is a "Long
Chronology" and a contrasting "Short Chronology" preferred by some scholars, an issue that is inextricably linked to the uncertain
2358:– born in the village of Kolita in Magadha. He was one of the Buddha's two main disciples. In his youth, he was a spiritual wanderer before meeting the Buddha.
1320:
the first ruler of
Magadha. Ripunjaya, last king of Brihadratha dynasty, was killed by his minister Pulika, who established his son Pradyota as the new king.
1727:, the language of the kingdom of Magadha, and this was taken to also be the language that the Buddha used during his life. In the 19th century, the British
7404:
2670:
Jha, Tushar; Tyagi, Satish (2017). "CONTOURS OF THE POLITICAL LEGITIMATION STRATEGY OF THE RULERS OF PALA DYNASTY IN BENGAL- BIHAR (CE 730 TO CE 1165)".
1663:
in
Buddhism). These religions also sought some type of liberation from the cyclic rounds of rebirth and karmic retribution through spiritual knowledge.
7288:
7214:
7617:
2307:
A shorter list appears in the Jain tradition, which simply lists
Shrenika (Bimbisara), Kunika (Ajatashatru), Udayin, followed by the Nanda dynasty.
6281:
7652:
7324:
6033:
5907:
1870:), who are mentioned in Buddhist and Jain literature as contemporaries of the Buddha and Mahavira. Later, the throne of Magadha was usurped by
802:
7014:
7155:
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5099:
3739:
3688:
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3519:
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3386:
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3256:
3217:
3190:
3032:
2980:
2654:
2627:
2546:
1480:(non-violence) and vegetarianism to the permissibility of violence and meat-eating. Magadha kingdom was the nerve centre of this revolution.
2386:. He abandoned all worldly possessions at the age of 30 and became an ascetic. He is considered a slightly older contemporary of the Buddha.
1496:, who synthesised and revived the philosophies and promulgations of the ancient Śramaṇic traditions laid down by the first Jain tirthankara
7662:
7073:
1131:
7163:
5769:
4769:
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7298:
7270:
2953:
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3163:
2810:
2769:
2703:
3275:
Comparative
Grammar of the Modern Aryan Languages of India: To Wit, Hindi, Panjabi, Sindhi, Gujarati, Marathi, Oriya, and Bangali
5395:
7380:
7370:
7360:
7303:
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63:
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The territory of the Magadha kingdom proper before its expansion was bounded to the north, west, and east respectively by the
7375:
7365:
6878:
4155:
669:
3056:
Witzel, Michael (1997). "Macrocosm, Mesocosm, and Microcosm: The Persistent Nature of 'Hindu' Beliefs and Symbolic Forms".
2867:
7667:
7355:
7293:
7265:
5833:
1259:
There is little certain information available on the early rulers of Magadha. The most important sources are the Buddhist
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1511:
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1062:
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1778:
1541:
255:
35:
1108:
also included neighbouring regions in the eastern Gangetic plains and had a distinct culture and belief. Much of the
7637:
7130:
5900:
2478:
827:
4508:
1069:
which encircled the former capital of Magadha, Rajgir. Amongst the oldest pieces of cyclopean masonry in the world
7632:
7612:
6153:
5796:
4944:
1746:
means "language of the texts". Nonetheless, Pali does retain some eastern features that have been referred to as
1570:
7244:
3625:
1742:
means "line, row, series", the early Buddhists extended the meaning of the term to mean "a series of books", so
767:
103:
7657:
7647:
7319:
6816:
6554:
6470:
6314:
6049:
5754:
5729:
5579:
5238:
5233:
4225:
2894:
Tibetan Buddhist Essentials: A Study Guide for the 21st Century: Volume 1: Introduction, Origin, and Adaptation
2719:
1413:, was persuaded that it was better to return and turned south, conquering his way down the Indus to the Ocean.
1402:
1066:
782:
1468:
1089:
formed its southern border. The territory of the initial Magadha kingdom thus corresponded to the modern-day
6874:
5821:
5702:
5243:
5196:
5139:
4838:
4782:
4530:
2473:
1844:
1452:
1432:, who was at first known as 'Ashoka the Cruel' but later became a disciple of Buddhism and became known as '
1031:
655:
5295:
5010:
4764:
757:
7622:
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5843:
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5117:
4777:
4731:
4572:
4459:
4205:
4170:
3662:
2727:
1731:
1451:
During the Pala-period in Magadha from the 11th to 13th century CE, a local Buddhist dynasty known as the
1394:
in 345 BCE, the first of the so-called "Nine Nandas", i. e. Mahapadma and his eight sons, last being
4075:
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5893:
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5422:
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4435:
4406:
4180:
4095:
3958:
822:
5952:
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5662:
4355:
3182:
Buddhist Learning in South Asia: Education, Religion, and Culture at the Ancient Sri Nalanda Mahavihara
812:
797:
4105:
3953:
3893:
2724:
Political History of Ancient India: From the Accession of Parikshit to the Extinction of Gupta Dynasty
2562:
Keny, Liladhar (1943). ""THE SUPPOSED IDENTIFICATION OF UDAYANA OF KAUŚĀMBI WITH UDAYIN OF MAGADHA"".
1193:). Rajagriha was initially known as 'Girivrijja' and later came to be known as so during the reign of
1046:
807:
5957:
5867:
5697:
5647:
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transmission. Born in the village of Jhatakarani in Magadha. Also associated with the monasteries of
1754:
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792:
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917:
893:
885:
877:
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416:
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Hinduism. In: Joseph Kitagawa, "The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, History, and Culture"
6648:
6475:
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5003:
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4709:
4577:
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4250:
4003:
3579:
3490:
3358:
3081:
3073:
2849:
2598:
2571:
2403:
2242:
2033:
1631:. Buddhism and Jainism were the religions promoted by the early Magadhan kings, such as Srenika,
1383:
482:
3466:. London : Pub. for the Pali Text Society by Oxford Univ. Pr. – via Internet Archive.
7167:
2589:
Roy, Daya (1986). "SOME ASPECTS OF THE RELATION BETWEEN ANGA AND MAGADHA (600 B.C.—323 B.C.)".
2346:
in Magadha. He is considered the first of the Buddha's two chief male disciples, together with
1671:
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3382:
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3252:
3213:
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3159:
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3028:
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2824:
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2765:
2759:
2699:
2650:
2623:
2542:
2458:
2379:
1766:
1762:
1376:
1360:
1300:
817:
747:
641:
584:
248:
5285:
3153:
2534:
1601:
7597:
7494:
6772:
6757:
6753:
6706:
6702:
6662:
6628:
6624:
6443:
6267:
6239:
6231:
6177:
5630:
5417:
5412:
5368:
5355:
5253:
5248:
5112:
5107:
5089:
5050:
4983:
4966:
4907:
4897:
4892:
4833:
4789:
4759:
4719:
4702:
4685:
4648:
4399:
4380:
4370:
4315:
4195:
4175:
3933:
3843:
3571:
3350:
3279:
3065:
2972:
Thoughts from the Cosmic Field in the Life of a Thinking Insect [A Latter-Day Saint]
2463:
2453:
2426:
2354:
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2249:
1939:
1802:
1798:
1728:
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1676:
1644:
1429:
1410:
1364:
1325:
1321:
1278:
889:
777:
752:
594:
131:
5657:
2021:
7519:
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7145:
7089:
7010:
6891:
6849:
6845:
6812:
6784:
6780:
6726:
6632:
6564:
6526:
6332:
5848:
5816:
5689:
5640:
5596:
5591:
5569:
5564:
5522:
5515:
5490:
5350:
5345:
5186:
5067:
4961:
4956:
4924:
4749:
4739:
4633:
4626:
4621:
4606:
4562:
4444:
4430:
4270:
4255:
4185:
4160:
4150:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4080:
4065:
4040:
4030:
4008:
3973:
3968:
3948:
3928:
3913:
3883:
3868:
2488:
2301:
2151:
1871:
1758:
1735:
1708:
1586:
1566:
1557:, the culture of Magadha was in fundamental ways different from the Vedic kingdoms of the
1391:
1156:
1105:
901:
548:
372:
204:
5947:
5290:
5270:
3683:. Handbook of oriental studies. Section two, India. Vol. 19. Leiden; Boston: Brill.
3463:
2414:
2399:
2332:
1643:(345–321 BCE) that followed was mostly Jain. These Sramana religions did not worship the
6166:
3128:"Review of Bronkhorst, Johannes, Greater Magadha: Studies in the Culture of Early India"
1562:
1472:
1464:
1054:
118:
7554:
7514:
7509:
7329:
7125:
6746:
6619:
6516:
6117:
6002:
5987:
5791:
5786:
5749:
5724:
5707:
5618:
5603:
5574:
5532:
5380:
5340:
5335:
5223:
5216:
5176:
5166:
5156:
4971:
4850:
4744:
4611:
4493:
4375:
4345:
4280:
4265:
4215:
4165:
4100:
4090:
4035:
4018:
3998:
3988:
3983:
3943:
3823:
3803:
3798:
3793:
2483:
1916:
1908:
1788:
1416:
Around 321 BCE, the Nanda Dynasty ended with the defeat of Dhana Nanda at the hands of
1284:
1237:
1202:
1148:
1090:
905:
628:
504:
31:
3273:
2646:
The History and Culture of the Pālas of Bengal and Bihar, Cir. 750 A.D.-cir. 1200 A.D.
7591:
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7135:
7109:
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6853:
6698:
6658:
6559:
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6495:
6480:
6466:
6439:
6435:
6395:
6380:
6369:
6321:
5982:
5872:
5759:
5554:
5527:
5500:
5478:
5456:
5300:
5280:
5206:
5191:
5035:
4988:
4976:
4902:
4794:
4668:
4663:
4638:
4520:
4350:
4290:
4285:
4240:
4230:
4085:
4060:
4045:
3978:
3878:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3813:
3727:
A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century
3721:
3362:
3307:
3127:
3085:
2448:
2097:
1894:
1875:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1720:
1640:
1497:
1437:
1421:
1261:
1218:
1094:
1086:
1082:
998:
987:
921:
913:
909:
897:
881:
863:
7396:
6257:
3898:
1783:
The history of Magadha region is very vast, it can be divided into many periods as:
1628:
238:
7454:
7193:
7188:
6614:
6487:
6387:
6195:
6160:
6142:
6134:
6078:
5972:
5916:
5764:
5505:
5495:
5461:
5390:
5385:
5312:
5102:
5084:
5045:
5040:
5020:
5015:
4887:
4880:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4754:
4692:
4673:
4658:
4594:
4320:
4275:
4145:
4130:
4050:
3938:
3918:
3808:
2996:
2509:
2435:
2407:
2119:
1830:
1812:
1445:
1409:) and refused to march further east. Alexander, after the meeting with his officer
1009:
972:
957:
937:
526:
91:
3538:
A History of Civilisation in Ancient India: Based on Sanscrit Literature: Volume I
2997:"Auction 396. INDIA, Mauryan Empire , Karshapana (14mm, 3.32 g). circa 315-310 BC"
1683:
Among the Buddhist sites currently found in the Magadha region include two UNESCO
144:
3725:
3598:
3435:
When Did the Buddha Live?: The Controversy on the Dating of the Historical Buddha
3433:
3313:
When Did the Buddha Live?: The Controversy on the Dating of the Historical Buddha
3283:
3246:
3207:
3180:
2693:
2644:
2422:
born to a minor chief in Magadha and later travelled across South and East Asia.
1291:, lived much of his life in the kingdom of Magadha. He attained enlightenment in
7474:
7428:
7239:
6803:
6796:
6679:
6653:
6461:
6431:
6092:
5483:
5468:
5317:
5030:
4939:
4929:
4855:
4503:
4498:
3781:
3731:
2871:
2790:
The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia: Language, Material Culture and Ethnicity.
2367:
2343:
2225:
1977:
1863:
1840:
1636:
1558:
1492:
1395:
1372:
1345:
1337:
1317:
1312:
1267:
1248:
1194:
1186:
1165:
1024:
1020:
949:
933:
925:
772:
717:
570:
394:
306:
185:
3354:
17:
7571:
7566:
7561:
7449:
6865:
6675:
5510:
5327:
5201:
5161:
5094:
4305:
4025:
3833:
3209:
Cross-disciplinary Perspectives on a Contested Buddhist Site: Bodh Gaya Jataka
3069:
2395:
2390:
2107:
2061:
1652:
1648:
1546:
1406:
1387:
1222:
722:
328:
3706:
3698:
3042:
7479:
7459:
7198:
6608:
5400:
5171:
5055:
5025:
4806:
4680:
4471:
4210:
2375:
2071:
1967:
1932:
1920:
1889:), which conquered much of north India. The Nanda dynasty was overthrown by
1855:
1692:
1632:
1574:
1441:
1341:
1329:
1292:
1136:
1078:
438:
350:
284:
157:
6018:
3022:
1356:
and brother-in-law of Bimbisara, promptly reconquered the Kashi province.
1332:. Bimbisara led an active and expansive policy, conquering the kingdom of
7489:
7058:
7035:
The Origins of Yoga and Tantra. Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century
6686:
6569:
6427:
6253:
6245:
6199:
6190:
5997:
5992:
5962:
4801:
4584:
4542:
4481:
4300:
4190:
4140:
3963:
3903:
3888:
3838:
2362:
2320:
1912:
1624:
1594:
1505:
1487:
1425:
1349:
1304:
1288:
1242:
1177:
and Mujavats. The core of the kingdom was the area of Bihar south of the
1174:
968:
707:
222:
218:
200:
82:
Kingdom of Magadha and other Mahajanapadas during the second urbanization
3494:
3478:
3077:
2853:
2602:
2575:
960:
emerged as the most prosperous kingdom in the history of Ancient India.
7439:
6767:
6693:
6594:
6575:
6423:
6296:
6249:
6211:
4714:
4599:
4515:
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4325:
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4110:
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2419:
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2338:
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1696:
1620:
1616:
1578:
1483:
1296:
1273:
1253:
1233:
1152:
1120:
1058:
The eastern Gangetic plain during the Magadha kingdom's early expansion
964:
941:
940:(240–550 CE), The Gupta Empire regained the Glory of Magadh. Under the
233:
226:
3583:
1467:
had existed before the 6th century BCE, and these influenced both the
7549:
7534:
7524:
7504:
7499:
6730:
6301:
6216:
6148:
6074:
5967:
5937:
4547:
4422:
4365:
4260:
4013:
3863:
3818:
3562:
Tatz, Mark (1987). "The Life of the Siddha-Philosopher Maitrīgupta".
1987:
1724:
1660:
1609:
1605:
1590:
1501:
1477:
1433:
1368:
1353:
1214:
1198:
1182:
1178:
1140:
1074:
953:
929:
857:
712:
460:
179:
1209:, respectively. The kingdom of Magadha eventually came to encompass
971:. It was the core of four of northern India's greatest empires, the
3575:
2315:
1734:
argued that the true or geographical name of the Pali language was
1448:. The capital of the Gupta Empire remained Pataliputra in Magadha.
1277:. Based on these sources, it appears that Magadha was ruled by the
944:, Magadha became a pan-Indian empire, covering large swaths of the
170:
Territorial expansion of the Magadha empire 6th century BCE onwards
7576:
7544:
7539:
7529:
7484:
7444:
6007:
5181:
4360:
4055:
2383:
2314:
1670:
1656:
1582:
1540:
1525:
1510:
1226:
1210:
1190:
1130:
1098:
1061:
1053:
1045:
873:
853:
702:
697:
189:
1600:
With regard to the Buddha, this area stretched by and large from
7469:
6261:
6102:
5932:
5885:
1333:
1206:
1170:
7400:
7062:
6022:
5889:
4395:
3752:
1139:
visits the Bamboo Garden (Venuvana) in Rajagriha; artwork from
3248:
Sayings of the Buddha: New Translations from the Pali Nikayas
2907:
The Ocean of Churn: How the Indian Ocean Shaped Human History
1931:
The following "Long Chronology" is according to the Buddhist
1585:
authority and rituals. He argues for a cultural area termed "
3206:
David Geary; Matthew R. Sayers; Abhishek Singh Amar (2012).
3109:
3107:
2840:
Chandra, Jnan (1958). "Some Unknown Facts About Bimbisāra".
2758:
Macdonell, Arthur Anthony; Keith, Arthur Berriedale (1995).
1155:(3.53.14) with their ruler Pramaganda—as the forefathers of
1163:
The earliest reference to the Magadha people occurs in the
4391:
1428:. The Empire later extended over most of India under King
2868:"Lumbini Development Trust: Restoring the Lumbini Garden"
1589:", defined as roughly the geographical area in which the
932:
in 28 BCE and was reduced to a small principality around
2698:. British Museum Research Publications. pp. 40–58.
2430:- 11/12th-century Indian Buddhist monk associated with
1232:
The ancient kingdom of Magadha is heavily mentioned in
1023:
also ruled over Magadha and maintained a royal camp in
963:
Magadha played an important role in the development of
924:
lost much of its territory after being defeated by the
3677:
Greater Magadha: studies in the culture of early India
3462:
Geiger, Wilhelm; Bode, Mabel Haynes (25 August 1912).
2923:. Oxford University Press. pp. 237–240, 247–249.
1659:) and tended to construct round burial mounds (called
1038:
and ruled in parts of Magadha until the 13th century.
3630:
Journal of the Centre for Buddhist Studies, Sri Lanka
2327:
Important people from the region of Magadha include:
1436:
Ashoka'. Later, the Mauryan Empire ended, as did the
868:, 'Great Footholds of the People' during the
3514:. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. pp. 403–404.
2564:
Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute
7338:
7312:
7279:
7258:
7207:
7176:
7154:
7118:
7097:
7028:, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press
5923:
5857:
5809:
5688:
5326:
4730:
4429:
3400:
3398:
2695:
Pithipati Puzzles: Custodians of the Diamond Throne
736:
690:
590:
580:
554:
532:
510:
488:
466:
444:
422:
400:
378:
356:
334:
312:
290:
268:
254:
244:
232:
214:
196:
175:
45:
2786:Rigvedic history: poets, chieftains, and polities
3464:"Mahavamsa : the great chronicle of Ceylon"
1197:. Magadha expanded to include most of Bihar and
3626:"Subhūticandra: A Forgotten Scholar of Magadha"
3479:"Nalanda vis-à-vis the Birthplace of Śāriputra"
2826:Dynastic History of Magadha, Cir. 450–1200 A.D.
1508:which received royal patronage in the kingdom.
3457:
3455:
3339:"The Ācariyaparamparā and Date of the Buddha."
2792:ed. G. Erdosy (Walter de Gruyer, 1995), p. 333
2535:"Sociolinguistics of the Indo-Aryan languages"
1221:, and the areas that are today the nations of
861:
7412:
7074:
6034:
5901:
4407:
3764:
1719:Beginning in the Theravada commentaries, the
1169:, where they are found listed along with the
34:. For monarchs and dynasties of Magadha, see
8:
5864:"Empire" as a description of foreign policy
3603:. Princeton University Press. p. 1056.
3155:The History of Mahabodhi Temple at Bodh Gaya
2687:
2685:
2323:, who was born in Magadha to a royal family
1359:Accounts differ slightly as to the cause of
1050:Magadha in the early Iron Age (1100-600 BCE)
3411:. Open Road + Grove/Atlantic. p. 149.
3381:. Open Road + Grove/Atlantic. p. 141.
2281:Darbhaka or Darshaka or Harshaka (25 years)
1382:The Haryanka dynasty was overthrown by the
7419:
7405:
7397:
7081:
7067:
7059:
6041:
6027:
6019:
5908:
5894:
5886:
5685:
4414:
4400:
4392:
3771:
3757:
3749:
3113:
3098:
2975:. Strategic Book Publishing. p. 271.
2842:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
2745:
2672:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
2591:Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
2537:. In George Cardona; Dhanesh Jain (eds.).
1181:; its first capital was Rajagriha (modern
156:
143:
130:
117:
102:
90:
76:
42:
30:For various empires based in Magadha, see
7643:4th-century BC disestablishments in India
3316:. Sri Satguru Publications. p. 129.
3278:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
6062:
6058:
3564:Journal of the American Oriental Society
2136:
2046:
1952:
6917:
3597:Buswell, Robert; Lopez, Donald (2014).
3535:Romesh Chunder Dutt (5 November 2013).
3508:Gunapala Piyasena Malalasekera (2007).
2948:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 57–77.
2525:
2500:
1375:. Torn by disagreements, the Licchavis
1281:for some 200 years, c. 543 to 413 BCE.
6598:Co-existence of Hinduism and Buddhism
3058:International Journal of Hindu Studies
1615:The Magadhan religions are termed the
1367:, a powerful tribe north of the river
7603:Ancient empires and kingdoms of India
6795:
6612:
6541:
6514:
6465:
6460:
3779:Tribes and kingdoms mentioned in the
1679:at Bodh Gaya prior to its restoration
1486:was revived and re-established after
1471:traditions of Indian philosophy. The
1455:ruled as tributaries to Pala Empire.
1085:rivers, and the eastern spurs of the
553:
531:
509:
487:
465:
443:
421:
399:
377:
355:
333:
311:
289:
267:
263:
253:
7:
3600:The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism
2946:Collected papers on Buddhist Studies
2909:, section "Ashoka, the not so great"
110:
7320:Cities and towns in Magadh Division
3656:. Calcutta: University of Calcutta.
1854:Two notable rulers of Magadha were
803:Chandragupta II's Campaign of Balkh
149:Magadha empire under Shunga dynasty
136:Magadha empire under Maurya dynasty
123:Magadha empire under Nanda dynasty
3654:Political History of Ancient India
3152:K.T.S. Sarao (16 September 2020).
2829:Abhinav Publications. p. 128.
2823:Sinha, Bindeshwari Prasad (1977).
2764:. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers.
2649:Abhinav Publications. p. 64.
2394:– an 11th-century Indian Buddhist
1147:Some scholars have identified the
162:Magadha empire under Kanva dynasty
25:
3233:A Dictionary of the Pali Language
3158:. Springer Nature. pp. 66–.
2761:Vedic Index of Names and Subjects
2541:. Routledge. pp. 47–66, 51.
2319:The 24th Tirthankara of Jainism,
2263:Shishunaga (reigned for 40 years)
2048:List of Shishunga dynasty rulers
1569:," which was Indo-Aryan, but not
1420:who became the first king of the
1097:districts of the Indian state of
108:Magadha empire under Haryanka and
6908:References and sources for table
3477:Prasad, Chandra Shekhar (1988).
3245:Rupert Gethin (9 October 2008).
2801:Ramesh Chandra Majumdar (1977).
1954:List of Haryanka dynasty rulers
1403:the army of Alexander approached
674:
660:
646:
621:
96:Expansion of the Magadha empire
62:
7618:Iron Age cultures of South Asia
3541:. Routledge. pp. 382–383.
3511:Dictionary of Pāli Proper Names
2616:Damien Keown (26 August 2004).
2311:Historical figures from Magadha
2260:Shishunaga dynasty (360 years)
1561:. According to Bronkhorst, the
1444:empires, to be replaced by the
1119:) onwards and it was here that
98:between 6th and 4th century BCE
3024:Jainism : an introduction
1787:Vedic Magadha Kingdom :-
1240:. It is also mentioned in the
164:
1:
7653:Empires and kingdoms of Nepal
3674:Bronkhorst, Johannes (2007).
3669:. Lahore: Motilal Banarsidas.
3251:. OUP Oxford. pp. xxiv.
3212:. Routledge. pp. 18–21.
2138:List of Nanda dynasty rulers
2123:
2037:
1943:
1898:
1879:
1797:Magadha Mahajanapada :-
1531:
1516:
1386:. The last Shishunaga ruler,
1113:
1013:
1002:
991:
976:
557:
535:
513:
491:
469:
447:
425:
403:
381:
359:
337:
315:
293:
271:
7156:Community development blocks
7037:, Cambridge University Press
7005:, Cambridge University Press
6735:Decline of Buddhism in India
6172:Northern Black Polished Ware
3438:. Sri Satguru Publications.
3284:10.1017/cbo9781139208871.003
2944:Jaini, Padmanabh S. (2001).
2805:. Motilal Banarsidass Publ.
2418:- 13th/14th century monk of
1424:with the help of his mentor
936:. However, with the rule of
763:Conquest of the Nanda Empire
7663:Kingdoms in the Mahabharata
7003:An Introduction to Hinduism
3652:Raychaudhuri, H.C. (1972).
2622:. OUP Oxford. p. 163.
2256:give a different sequence:
1779:List of monarchs of Magadha
1545:Chandragupta Maurya period
1295:, gave his first sermon in
884:. Magadha was ruled by the
862:
36:List of monarchs of Magadha
7684:
7026:Hinduism. Past and present
6896:Chera Perumals of Makkotai
6854:Chera Perumals of Makkotai
6246:Rise of Shramana movements
3661:Law, Bimala Churn (1926).
3355:10.1177/037698360303000201
3179:Pintu Kumar (7 May 2018).
2479:Timeline of Indian history
2342:in a village located near
1829:Classical Magadha :-
1776:
1712:
1706:
1667:Religious sites in Magadha
1034:referred to themselves as
872:period, based in southern
828:Battle on the Sindhu River
29:
7628:Jain empires and kingdoms
7608:Historical Indian regions
7435:
7033:Samuel, Geoffrey (2010),
6905:
6802:
6781:Pandyan kingdom (revival)
6766:
6745:
6720:
6692:
6652:
6647:
6588:
6474:
6409:
6367:
6346:
6330:
6319:
6312:
6295:
6279:
6265:
6236:
6229:
6175:
6157:
6154:Painted Grey Ware culture
6139:
6131:
6115:
6091:
6088:
6083:
6070:
6065:
6056:
3789:
3126:Wynne, Alexander (2011).
3070:10.1007/s11407-997-0021-x
3021:Long, Jeffery D. (2009).
2295:Nanda dynasty (100 years)
1915:. According to historian
1839:Medieval Magadha :-
1723:has been identified with
1647:, practised some form of
860:, and one of the sixteen
835:
783:Gupta conquests of Bengal
731:
600:
576:
264:
87:
75:
59:
52:
7250:Gaya–Mughalsarai section
7001:Flood, Gavin D. (1996),
6590:"Golden Age of Hinduism"
6555:Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom
6471:Maha-Meghavahana Dynasty
6232:Persian-Greek influences
6050:Middle kingdoms of India
3343:Indian Historical Review
3337:Sarao, K. T. S. (2003),
3235:By Robert Cæsar Childers
2921:Buddhist Saints in India
2720:Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra
2619:A Dictionary of Buddhism
2539:The Indo-Aryan Languages
2438:who belonged to Magadha.
2287:Nandivardhana (42 years)
2269:Kshemadharman (20 years)
1909:chronology of the Buddha
1577:were placed higher than
1553:According to Indologist
1490:, the last and the 24th
1067:Cyclopean Wall of Rajgir
656:Kalinga (Mahameghavanas)
125:
7024:Michaels, Axel (2004),
6722:Late-Classical Hinduism
5926:(c. 600 BCE–c. 300 BCE)
3432:Bechert, Heinz (1995).
3027:. London: I.B. Tauris.
2905:Sanjeev Sanyal (2016),
2692:Balogh, Daniel (2021).
2474:List of Indian monarchs
1845:Pithipatis of Bodh Gaya
1811:Magadha Empire :-
1619:traditions and include
1608:, in the north-west to
1500:millions of years ago.
1453:Pithipatis of Bodh Gaya
1377:fought with Ajatashatru
1352:, king of neighbouring
1344:was killed by his son,
1217:, West Bengal, eastern
1151:tribe—mentioned in the
1032:Pithipatis of Bodh Gaya
788:Gupta–Kidarite conflict
27:Empire in ancient India
7427:Historical regions of
7325:People from Aurangabad
6108:Middle Gangetic Plain
2969:Patel, Haresh (2009).
2919:Ray, Reginald (1999).
2728:University of Calcutta
2533:Jain, Dhanesh (2007).
2378:family in what is now
2324:
2278:Ajatashatru (25 years)
2272:Kshatraujas (29 years)
1732:Robert Caesar Childers
1680:
1550:
1538:
1530:Magadha kingdom coin,
1523:
1515:Magadha kingdom coin,
1390:, was assassinated by
1361:King Ajatashatru's war
1301:first Buddhist council
1144:
1112:took place here from (
1070:
1059:
1051:
6637:Western Ganga Dynasty
6504: 1st century BCE
6492:Early Pandyan kingdom
6457: 2nd century BCE
6417:(ca. 200 BC - 300 CE)
6411:Preclassical Hinduism
6392:Early Pandyan kingdom
6364: 3rd century BCE
6309: 4th century BCE
6276: 5th century BCE
6186: 6th century BCE
6111:Lower Gangetic Plain
6099:Upper Gangetic Plain
5924:Great Indian Kingdoms
5834:Medieval great powers
3716:on 11 September 2015.
3667:Ancient Indian Tribes
3624:Deokar, Lata (2012).
3272:Beames, John (2012).
2643:Jhunu Bagchi (1993).
2318:
2290:Mahanandin (43 years)
1893:, the founder of the
1874:, the founder of the
1674:
1544:
1529:
1514:
1201:with the conquest of
1134:
1065:
1057:
1049:
916:(240-550 CE) and the
197:Common languages
7668:Regions of Jharkhand
7245:Asansol–Gaya section
6987:Michaels (2004) p.41
6978:Michaels (2004) p.40
6960:Michaels (2004) p.39
6942:Michaels (2004) p.39
6879:Kamboja-Pala dynasty
6511: 1st century CE
5844:European colonialism
5829:Ancient great powers
2507:as described in the
2469:Avanti-Magadhan Wars
2398:associated with the
2374:. Born into a royal
2336:– born to a wealthy
2275:Bimbisara (28 years)
2266:Kakavarna (36 years)
1773:Dynasties and rulers
1755:Indo-Aryan languages
1715:Ardhamagadhi Prakrit
1685:World Heritage Sites
1549:, circa 315-310 B.C.
1522:–320 BCE, Karshapana
1459:Buddhism and Jainism
1123:and Buddhism arose.
888:(1700–682 BCE), the
878:eastern Ganges Plain
768:Seleucid–Mauryan war
209:Ardhamagadhi Prakrit
6838:Rashtrakuta dynasty
6290:Shaishunaga dynasty
6240:Second Urbanisation
6085:Indo-Gangetic Plain
5839:Modern great powers
3405:Keay, John (2011).
3375:Keay, John (2011).
3185:. Lexington Books.
2730:. pp. 110–118.
2139:
2049:
1955:
1891:Chandragupta Maurya
1835:Later Gupta dynasty
1807:Shaishunaga dynasty
1793:Brihadratha dynasty
1738:, and that because
1597:lived and taught.
1573:. In this culture,
1555:Johannes Bronkhorst
1418:Chandragupta Maurya
1110:Second Urbanisation
946:Indian subcontinent
918:Later Gupta dynasty
904:(322–184 BCE), the
900:(345–322 BCE), the
896:(413–345 BCE), the
894:Shaishunaga dynasty
892:(544–413 BCE), the
886:Brihadratha dynasty
870:Second Urbanization
743:Avanti-Magadhan War
417:Chandragupta Maurya
113:Shaisunga dynasties
7271:Son Nagar Junction
6969:Hiltebeitel (2002)
6951:Hiltebeitel (2002)
6649:Hephthalite Empire
6485:(300 BCE – 200 CE)
6476:Satavahana dynasty
6462:Indo-Greek Kingdom
6385:(300 BCE – 200 CE)
6376:Satavahana dynasty
6349:Spread of Buddhism
6071:Northwestern India
2325:
2201:Dashasidkhakananda
2137:
2047:
2034:Shishunaga dynasty
1953:
1681:
1581:, and it rejected
1565:culture arose in "
1551:
1539:
1524:
1469:āstika and nāstika
1465:Śramaṇic movements
1384:Shishunaga dynasty
1145:
1071:
1060:
1052:
908:(184–73 BCE), the
846:Kingdom of Magadha
844:, also called the
823:Battle of Vidarbha
758:Magadha–Kosala War
483:Pushyamitra Shunga
151:
138:
47:Kingdom of Magadha
7638:Kingdoms of Bihar
7585:
7584:
7389:
7388:
7184:Lilajan/Niranjana
7056:
7055:
7051:
7050:
7047:
7046:
6888:Eastern Chalukyas
6884:Kalyani Chalukyas
6842:Eastern Chalukyas
6831:Gurjara-Pratihara
6824: 9th century
6809:Eastern Chalukyas
6792: 8th century
6777:Eastern Chalukyas
6763:Mlechchha dynasty
6742: 7th century
6724:(ca. CE 650-1100)
6671: 6th century
6644: 5th century
6604: 4th century
6550: 3rd century
6538: 2nd century
6448:Mahayana Buddhism
6415:"Hindu Synthesis"
6282:Persian conquests
6167:Shramanic culture
6103:Ganga-Yamuna doab
6016:
6015:
5883:
5882:
5805:
5804:
5770:Polish–Lithuanian
4945:Gurjara-Pratihara
4389:
4388:
3741:978-81-317-1677-9
3690:978-90-04-15719-4
3663:"4. The Magadhas"
3548:978-1-136-38189-8
3521:978-81-208-3022-6
3445:978-81-7030-469-2
3418:978-0-8021-9550-0
3388:978-0-8021-9550-0
3323:978-81-7030-469-2
3293:978-1-139-20887-1
3258:978-0-19-283925-1
3219:978-0-415-68452-1
3192:978-1-4985-5493-0
3101:, pp. xi, 4.
3034:978-1-4416-3839-7
2982:978-1-60693-846-1
2656:978-81-7017-301-4
2629:978-0-19-157917-2
2548:978-1-135-79711-9
2459:Magadha-Vajji war
2380:Vaishali district
2284:Udayin (33 years)
2234:
2233:
2185:Rashtrapalananada
2116:
2115:
2030:
2029:
1604:, the capital of
1324:was succeeded by
1287:, the founder of
1087:Vindhya mountains
912:(73–28 BCE), the
839:
838:
818:Battle of Sondani
813:Second Hunnic War
798:Gupta–Hunnic Wars
748:Magadha-Vajji war
686:
685:
682:
681:
642:Satavahana Empire
634:
633:
249:Absolute monarchy
53:1700 BCE – 28 BCE
16:(Redirected from
7675:
7633:Regions of Bihar
7613:History of Bihar
7421:
7414:
7407:
7398:
7259:Railway stations
7083:
7076:
7069:
7060:
7038:
7029:
7020:
7011:Hiltebeitel, Alf
7006:
6988:
6985:
6979:
6976:
6970:
6967:
6961:
6958:
6952:
6949:
6943:
6940:
6934:
6931:
6925:
6922:
6773:Badami Chalukyas
6768:Adivasi (tribes)
6758:Empire of Harsha
6754:Vakataka dynasty
6707:Kalabhra dynasty
6703:Badami Chalukyas
6694:Adivasi (tribes)
6663:Kalabhra dynasty
6629:Kalabhra dynasty
6625:Andhra Ikshvakus
6592:(ca. CE 320-650)
6576:Adivasi (tribes)
6444:Smarta Tradition
6297:Adivasi (tribes)
6212:Adivasi (tribes)
6068:cultural period
6063:
6059:
6043:
6036:
6029:
6020:
5910:
5903:
5896:
5887:
5686:
5351:Austro-Hungarian
5051:Chagatai Khanate
4416:
4409:
4402:
4393:
3773:
3766:
3759:
3750:
3744:
3717:
3715:
3709:. Archived from
3682:
3670:
3657:
3638:
3637:
3621:
3615:
3614:
3594:
3588:
3587:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3505:
3499:
3498:
3489:(1/4): 175–188.
3474:
3468:
3467:
3459:
3450:
3449:
3429:
3423:
3422:
3408:India: A History
3402:
3393:
3392:
3378:India: A History
3372:
3366:
3365:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3304:
3298:
3297:
3269:
3263:
3262:
3242:
3236:
3230:
3224:
3223:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3176:
3170:
3169:
3149:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3138:
3123:
3117:
3111:
3102:
3096:
3090:
3089:
3053:
3047:
3046:
3018:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3007:
3001:www.cngcoins.com
2993:
2987:
2986:
2966:
2960:
2959:
2941:
2935:
2934:
2916:
2910:
2903:
2897:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2879:
2870:. Archived from
2864:
2858:
2857:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2820:
2814:
2799:
2793:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2755:
2749:
2743:
2732:
2731:
2716:
2710:
2709:
2689:
2680:
2679:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2640:
2634:
2633:
2613:
2607:
2606:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2530:
2513:
2505:
2489:Magahi Languages
2464:Magadha-Anga war
2454:History of India
2250:Hindu Literature
2193:Govishanakananda
2140:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2050:
2042:
2039:
1956:
1948:
1945:
1940:Haryanka dynasty
1903:
1900:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1803:Haryanka dynasty
1799:Pradyota dynasty
1689:Mahabodhi temple
1677:Mahabodhi temple
1536:
1533:
1521:
1518:
1473:Śramaṇa movement
1430:Ashoka The Great
1326:Haryanka dynasty
1322:Pradyota dynasty
1279:Haryanka dynasty
1118:
1115:
1018:
1015:
1007:
1004:
996:
993:
985:
981:
978:
890:Haryanka dynasty
867:
808:First Hunnic War
778:Shunga-Greek War
753:Magadha-Anga war
678:
677:
670:Vidarbha kingdom
664:
663:
650:
649:
638:
637:
625:
624:
618:
617:
602:
601:
566:
562:
559:
544:
540:
537:
522:
518:
515:
500:
496:
493:
478:
474:
471:
456:
452:
449:
434:
430:
427:
412:
408:
405:
390:
386:
383:
368:
364:
361:
346:
342:
339:
324:
320:
317:
302:
298:
295:
280:
276:
273:
166:
165:
160:
153:
152:
147:
140:
139:
134:
127:
126:
121:
114:
111:
106:
99:
94:
80:
66:
43:
21:
7683:
7682:
7678:
7677:
7676:
7674:
7673:
7672:
7658:Former kingdoms
7648:Magahi language
7588:
7587:
7586:
7581:
7431:
7425:
7394:
7390:
7385:
7339:Other divisions
7334:
7308:
7281:
7275:
7254:
7203:
7172:
7150:
7114:
7093:
7090:Magadh division
7087:
7057:
7052:
7043:
7042:
7041:
7032:
7023:
7009:
7000:
6991:
6986:
6982:
6977:
6973:
6968:
6964:
6959:
6955:
6950:
6946:
6941:
6937:
6932:
6928:
6923:
6919:
6909:
6898:
6894:
6892:Medieval Cholas
6890:
6886:
6877:
6852:
6850:Medieval Cholas
6848:
6846:Pandyan kingdom
6844:
6840:
6815:
6813:Pandyan kingdom
6811:
6783:
6779:
6775:
6756:
6733:
6727:Advaita Vedanta
6725:
6709:
6705:
6701:
6678:
6665:
6661:
6635:
6633:Kadamba Dynasty
6631:
6627:
6618:
6597:
6593:
6565:Western Satraps
6527:Kuninda Kingdom
6519:
6498:
6494:
6490:
6486:
6484:
6478:
6469:
6446:
6418:
6398:
6394:
6390:
6386:
6384:
6378:
6315:Greek conquests
6248:
6244:
6170:
6164:
6152:
6146:
6100:
6072:
6067:
6052:
6047:
6017:
6012:
5988:Maccha (Matsya)
5938:Asmaka (Assaka)
5925:
5919:
5914:
5884:
5879:
5868:American Empire
5853:
5849:African empires
5801:
5684:
5376:Central African
5322:
5140:Romano-Germanic
4726:
4460:Middle Assyrian
4433:
4425:
4420:
4390:
4385:
3929:Haihaya kingdom
3869:Dakshina Kosala
3785:
3777:
3747:
3742:
3720:
3713:
3691:
3680:
3673:
3660:
3651:
3647:
3642:
3641:
3623:
3622:
3618:
3611:
3596:
3595:
3591:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3549:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3522:
3507:
3506:
3502:
3476:
3475:
3471:
3461:
3460:
3453:
3446:
3431:
3430:
3426:
3419:
3404:
3403:
3396:
3389:
3374:
3373:
3369:
3336:
3335:
3331:
3324:
3306:
3305:
3301:
3294:
3271:
3270:
3266:
3259:
3244:
3243:
3239:
3231:
3227:
3220:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3193:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3166:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3136:
3134:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3114:Bronkhorst 2007
3112:
3105:
3099:Bronkhorst 2007
3097:
3093:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3035:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3005:
3003:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2983:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2956:
2943:
2942:
2938:
2931:
2918:
2917:
2913:
2904:
2900:
2892:Tenzin Tharpa,
2891:
2887:
2877:
2875:
2874:on 6 March 2014
2866:
2865:
2861:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2822:
2821:
2817:
2800:
2796:
2783:
2779:
2772:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2746:Bronkhorst 2007
2744:
2735:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2706:
2691:
2690:
2683:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2657:
2642:
2641:
2637:
2630:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2549:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2516:
2506:
2502:
2497:
2445:
2313:
2302:Jain literature
2239:
2169:Panghupatinanda
2152:Mahapadma Nanda
2130:
2126:
2040:
1946:
1929:
1901:
1886:
1882:
1872:Mahapadma Nanda
1866:(also known as
1858:(also known as
1781:
1775:
1736:Magadhi Prakrit
1717:
1711:
1709:Magadhi Prakrit
1705:
1669:
1587:Greater Magadha
1567:Greater Magadha
1547:Karshapana coin
1534:
1519:
1461:
1392:Mahapadma Nanda
1336:in what is now
1129:
1116:
1106:Greater Magadha
1044:
1016:
1005:
994:
983:
979:
902:Mauryan dynasty
793:Gupta–Saka Wars
732:Military career
727:
675:
661:
647:
622:
567:
564:
560:
549:Chandragupta II
545:
542:
538:
523:
520:
516:
501:
498:
494:
479:
476:
472:
457:
454:
450:
435:
432:
428:
413:
410:
406:
391:
388:
384:
373:Mahapadma Nanda
369:
366:
362:
347:
344:
340:
325:
322:
318:
303:
300:
296:
281:
278:
274:
225:
221:
207:
205:Magadhi Prakrit
203:
183:
171:
168:
167:
163:
161:
154:
150:
148:
141:
137:
135:
128:
124:
122:
115:
112:
109:
107:
100:
97:
95:
83:
71:
70:
67:
55:240 CE - 700 CE
54:
48:
39:
28:
23:
22:
18:Magadha kingdom
15:
12:
11:
5:
7681:
7679:
7671:
7670:
7665:
7660:
7655:
7650:
7645:
7640:
7635:
7630:
7625:
7620:
7615:
7610:
7605:
7600:
7590:
7589:
7583:
7582:
7580:
7579:
7574:
7569:
7564:
7559:
7558:
7557:
7547:
7542:
7537:
7532:
7527:
7522:
7517:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7477:
7472:
7467:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7447:
7442:
7436:
7433:
7432:
7426:
7424:
7423:
7416:
7409:
7401:
7387:
7386:
7384:
7383:
7378:
7373:
7368:
7363:
7358:
7353:
7348:
7342:
7340:
7336:
7335:
7333:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7316:
7314:
7310:
7309:
7307:
7306:
7301:
7296:
7291:
7285:
7283:
7282:constituencies
7277:
7276:
7274:
7273:
7268:
7262:
7260:
7256:
7255:
7253:
7252:
7247:
7242:
7237:
7232:
7227:
7222:
7217:
7211:
7209:
7205:
7204:
7202:
7201:
7196:
7191:
7186:
7180:
7178:
7174:
7173:
7171:
7170:
7160:
7158:
7152:
7151:
7149:
7148:
7143:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7122:
7120:
7116:
7115:
7113:
7112:
7107:
7101:
7099:
7095:
7094:
7088:
7086:
7085:
7078:
7071:
7063:
7054:
7053:
7049:
7048:
7045:
7044:
7040:
7039:
7030:
7021:
7007:
6997:
6990:
6989:
6980:
6971:
6962:
6953:
6944:
6935:
6926:
6916:
6910:
6907:
6906:
6903:
6902:
6881:
6872:
6870:
6868:
6863:
6857:
6856:
6835:
6833:
6828:
6826:
6820:
6819:
6806:
6801:
6799:
6794:
6788:
6787:
6770:
6765:
6760:
6751:
6749:
6747:Indo-Sassanids
6744:
6738:
6737:
6719:
6711:
6710:
6696:
6691:
6689:
6684:
6682:
6673:
6667:
6666:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6640:
6639:
6622:
6620:Varman dynasty
6611:
6606:
6600:
6599:
6587:
6579:
6578:
6573:
6567:
6562:
6557:
6552:
6546:
6545:
6540:
6534:
6533:
6531:
6529:
6524:
6521:Indo-Parthians
6517:Indo-Scythians
6513:
6507:
6506:
6500:
6499:
6473:
6464:
6459:
6453:
6452:
6450:
6408:
6400:
6399:
6373:
6366:
6360:
6359:
6357:
6352:
6345:
6337:
6336:
6333:HISTORICAL AGE
6328:
6327:
6325:
6318:
6311:
6305:
6304:
6299:
6294:
6292:
6287:
6285:
6278:
6272:
6271:
6264:
6235:
6228:
6220:
6219:
6214:
6209:
6207:
6202:
6193:
6188:
6182:
6181:
6174:
6156:
6138:
6130:
6122:
6121:
6113:
6112:
6109:
6106:
6096:
6095:
6093:Southern India
6090:
6089:Central India
6087:
6082:
6069:
6057:
6054:
6053:
6048:
6046:
6045:
6038:
6031:
6023:
6014:
6013:
6011:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5955:
5950:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5929:
5927:
5921:
5920:
5915:
5913:
5912:
5905:
5898:
5890:
5881:
5880:
5878:
5877:
5876:
5875:
5870:
5861:
5859:
5855:
5854:
5852:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5825:
5824:
5813:
5811:
5807:
5806:
5803:
5802:
5800:
5799:
5794:
5789:
5784:
5779:
5778:
5777:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5722:
5721:
5720:
5715:
5705:
5700:
5694:
5692:
5683:
5682:
5681:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5650:
5645:
5644:
5643:
5633:
5628:
5627:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5606:
5601:
5600:
5599:
5594:
5584:
5583:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5552:
5551:
5550:
5545:
5535:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5519:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5488:
5487:
5486:
5481:
5471:
5466:
5465:
5464:
5459:
5449:
5448:
5447:
5442:
5432:
5431:
5430:
5425:
5415:
5410:
5409:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5378:
5373:
5372:
5371:
5366:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5332:
5330:
5324:
5323:
5321:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5304:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5263:
5258:
5257:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5221:
5220:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5153:
5152:
5147:
5137:
5136:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5081:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5060:
5059:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5007:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4981:
4980:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4954:
4953:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4911:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4890:
4885:
4884:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4848:
4847:
4846:
4841:
4831:
4830:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4804:
4799:
4798:
4797:
4787:
4786:
4785:
4780:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4736:
4734:
4732:Post-classical
4728:
4727:
4725:
4724:
4723:
4722:
4712:
4707:
4706:
4705:
4700:
4690:
4689:
4688:
4678:
4677:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4604:
4603:
4602:
4597:
4587:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4539:
4538:
4533:
4531:Middle Kingdom
4528:
4518:
4513:
4512:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4491:
4490:
4489:
4487:Neo-Babylonian
4484:
4479:
4477:Old Babylonian
4469:
4468:
4467:
4462:
4452:
4447:
4441:
4439:
4427:
4426:
4421:
4419:
4418:
4411:
4404:
4396:
4387:
4386:
4384:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4171:Parama Kamboja
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3790:
3787:
3786:
3778:
3776:
3775:
3768:
3761:
3753:
3746:
3745:
3740:
3722:Singh, Upinder
3718:
3689:
3671:
3658:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3616:
3609:
3589:
3576:10.2307/603308
3570:(4): 695–711.
3554:
3547:
3527:
3520:
3500:
3469:
3451:
3444:
3424:
3417:
3394:
3387:
3367:
3329:
3322:
3308:Bechert, Heinz
3299:
3292:
3264:
3257:
3237:
3225:
3218:
3198:
3191:
3171:
3164:
3144:
3118:
3116:, p. 265.
3103:
3091:
3064:(3): 501–539.
3048:
3033:
3013:
2988:
2981:
2961:
2955:978-8120817760
2954:
2936:
2930:978-0195134834
2929:
2911:
2898:
2885:
2859:
2832:
2815:
2794:
2777:
2770:
2750:
2733:
2711:
2704:
2681:
2662:
2655:
2635:
2628:
2608:
2581:
2570:(1/2): 60–66.
2554:
2547:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2491:
2486:
2484:Magahi Culture
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2423:
2411:
2387:
2359:
2351:
2312:
2309:
2305:
2304:
2297:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2246:
2245:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2217:Karvinathanand
2214:
2213:
2210:
2206:
2205:
2202:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2190:
2189:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2178:
2177:Bhutapalananda
2174:
2173:
2170:
2166:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2157:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2144:
2135:
2134:
2131: 322 BCE
2114:
2113:
2110:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2090:
2086:
2085:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2054:
2045:
2044:
2028:
2027:
2024:
2018:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1951:
1950:
1928:
1927:List of rulers
1925:
1917:K. T. S. Sarao
1887: 322 BCE
1862:) and his son
1848:
1847:
1837:
1827:
1809:
1795:
1789:Kikata kingdom
1777:Main article:
1774:
1771:
1707:Main article:
1704:
1701:
1668:
1665:
1535: 350 BCE
1460:
1457:
1422:Mauryan Empire
1285:Gautama Buddha
1271:and the Hindu
1238:Buddhist texts
1203:Vajjika League
1128:
1125:
1117: 500 BCE
1104:The region of
1043:
1040:
1019:–550 CE). The
984: 322 BCE
906:Shunga dynasty
850:Magadha Empire
837:
836:
833:
832:
831:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
738:
734:
733:
729:
728:
726:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
694:
692:
688:
687:
684:
683:
680:
679:
672:
666:
665:
658:
652:
651:
644:
635:
632:
631:
629:Kikata kingdom
626:
614:
613:
608:
598:
597:
592:
588:
587:
582:
581:Historical era
578:
577:
574:
573:
568:
555:
552:
551:
546:
533:
530:
529:
524:
511:
508:
507:
505:Chandragupta I
502:
489:
486:
485:
480:
477: 149 BCE
467:
464:
463:
458:
455: 232 BCE
445:
442:
441:
436:
433: 273 BCE
423:
420:
419:
414:
411: 297 BCE
401:
398:
397:
392:
389: 321 BCE
379:
376:
375:
370:
367: 329 BCE
357:
354:
353:
348:
345: 367 BCE
335:
332:
331:
326:
323: 395 BCE
313:
310:
309:
304:
301: 460 BCE
291:
288:
287:
282:
279: 492 BCE
269:
266:
265:
262:
261:
258:
252:
251:
246:
242:
241:
236:
230:
229:
216:
212:
211:
198:
194:
193:
177:
173:
172:
169:
155:
142:
129:
116:
101:
89:
88:
85:
84:
81:
73:
72:
68:
61:
60:
57:
56:
50:
49:
46:
32:Magadha period
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7680:
7669:
7666:
7664:
7661:
7659:
7656:
7654:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7641:
7639:
7636:
7634:
7631:
7629:
7626:
7624:
7623:Mahajanapadas
7621:
7619:
7616:
7614:
7611:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7601:
7599:
7596:
7595:
7593:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7563:
7560:
7556:
7553:
7552:
7551:
7548:
7546:
7543:
7541:
7538:
7536:
7533:
7531:
7528:
7526:
7523:
7521:
7518:
7516:
7513:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7503:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7481:
7478:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7461:
7458:
7456:
7453:
7451:
7448:
7446:
7443:
7441:
7438:
7437:
7434:
7430:
7422:
7417:
7415:
7410:
7408:
7403:
7402:
7399:
7395:
7392:
7382:
7379:
7377:
7374:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7364:
7362:
7359:
7357:
7354:
7352:
7349:
7347:
7344:
7343:
7341:
7337:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7317:
7315:
7311:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7286:
7284:
7278:
7272:
7269:
7267:
7266:Gaya Junction
7264:
7263:
7261:
7257:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7243:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7231:
7228:
7226:
7223:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7212:
7210:
7206:
7200:
7197:
7195:
7192:
7190:
7187:
7185:
7182:
7181:
7179:
7175:
7169:
7165:
7162:
7161:
7159:
7157:
7153:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7123:
7121:
7117:
7111:
7110:Barabar Caves
7108:
7106:
7103:
7102:
7100:
7096:
7091:
7084:
7079:
7077:
7072:
7070:
7065:
7064:
7061:
7036:
7031:
7027:
7022:
7018:
7017:
7012:
7008:
7004:
6999:
6998:
6996:
6995:
6984:
6981:
6975:
6972:
6966:
6963:
6957:
6954:
6948:
6945:
6939:
6936:
6930:
6927:
6921:
6918:
6915:
6914:
6904:
6901:
6897:
6893:
6889:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6858:
6855:
6851:
6847:
6843:
6839:
6836:
6834:
6832:
6829:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6821:
6818:
6814:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6800:
6798:
6793:
6790:
6789:
6786:
6782:
6778:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6748:
6743:
6740:
6739:
6736:
6732:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6717:
6713:
6712:
6708:
6704:
6700:
6699:Vishnukundina
6697:
6695:
6690:
6688:
6685:
6683:
6681:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6668:
6664:
6660:
6659:Vishnukundina
6657:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6642:
6641:
6638:
6634:
6630:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6617:
6616:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6585:
6581:
6580:
6577:
6574:
6571:
6568:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6560:Kushan Empire
6558:
6556:
6553:
6551:
6548:
6547:
6544:
6543:Kushan Empire
6539:
6536:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6522:
6518:
6512:
6509:
6508:
6505:
6502:
6501:
6497:
6493:
6489:
6483:
6482:
6481:Sangam period
6477:
6472:
6468:
6467:Shunga Empire
6463:
6458:
6455:
6454:
6451:
6449:
6445:
6441:
6440:Brahma Sutras
6437:
6436:Bhagavad Gita
6433:
6429:
6425:
6421:
6416:
6412:
6407:
6406:
6402:
6401:
6397:
6393:
6389:
6383:
6382:
6381:Sangam period
6377:
6374:
6372:
6371:
6370:Maurya Empire
6365:
6362:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6350:
6344:
6343:
6339:
6338:
6335:
6334:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6323:
6316:
6310:
6307:
6306:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6277:
6274:
6273:
6270:
6269:
6263:
6259:
6255:
6251:
6247:
6243:
6241:
6234:
6233:
6227:
6226:
6222:
6221:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6183:
6180:
6179:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6162:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6144:
6137:
6136:
6129:
6128:
6124:
6123:
6120:
6119:
6114:
6110:
6107:
6104:
6098:
6097:
6094:
6086:
6080:
6076:
6064:
6061:
6060:
6055:
6051:
6044:
6039:
6037:
6032:
6030:
6025:
6024:
6021:
6009:
6008:Vatsa (Vamsa)
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5930:
5928:
5922:
5918:
5917:Mahajanapadas
5911:
5906:
5904:
5899:
5897:
5892:
5891:
5888:
5874:
5873:Soviet empire
5871:
5869:
5866:
5865:
5863:
5862:
5860:
5858:Miscellaneous
5856:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5823:
5820:
5819:
5818:
5815:
5814:
5812:
5808:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5788:
5785:
5783:
5780:
5776:
5773:
5772:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5726:
5723:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5710:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5695:
5693:
5691:
5687:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5655:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5642:
5639:
5638:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5629:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5611:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5602:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5589:
5588:
5585:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5557:
5556:
5553:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5540:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5493:
5492:
5489:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5476:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5457:German Empire
5455:
5454:
5453:
5450:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5437:
5436:
5433:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5420:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5383:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5361:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5329:
5325:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5268:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5226:
5225:
5222:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5199:
5198:
5197:Turco-Persian
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5141:
5138:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5105:
5104:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5065:
5064:
5061:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5038:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4986:
4985:
4982:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4959:
4958:
4955:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4937:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4853:
4852:
4849:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4836:
4835:
4832:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4809:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4796:
4793:
4792:
4791:
4788:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4735:
4733:
4729:
4721:
4718:
4717:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4695:
4694:
4691:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4682:
4679:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4646:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4605:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4523:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4492:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4474:
4473:
4470:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4457:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4432:
4428:
4424:
4417:
4412:
4410:
4405:
4403:
4398:
4397:
4394:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
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3610:9780691157863
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3504:
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3496:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3483:East and West
3480:
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3349:(1–2): 1–12,
3348:
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3333:
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3309:
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3202:
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3165:9789811580673
3161:
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3133:
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2869:
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2855:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2836:
2833:
2828:
2827:
2819:
2816:
2812:
2811:81-208-0436-8
2808:
2804:
2803:Ancient India
2798:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2781:
2778:
2773:
2771:9788120813328
2767:
2763:
2762:
2754:
2751:
2747:
2742:
2740:
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2734:
2729:
2725:
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2705:9780861592289
2701:
2697:
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2673:
2666:
2663:
2658:
2652:
2648:
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2636:
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2621:
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2612:
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2470:
2467:
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2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2449:Mahajanapadas
2447:
2446:
2442:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2428:
2427:Subhūticandra
2424:
2421:
2417:
2416:
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2388:
2385:
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2377:
2373:
2369:
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2360:
2357:
2356:
2355:Maudgalyāyana
2352:
2349:
2348:Maudgalyāyana
2345:
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2335:
2334:
2330:
2329:
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2241:
2240:
2236:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2209:Kaivartananda
2208:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2161:Pandhukananda
2160:
2159:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2099:
2098:Nandivardhana
2096:
2095:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2081:Kshemadharman
2080:
2079:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1896:
1895:Maurya Empire
1892:
1877:
1876:Nanda Dynasty
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1852:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1826:
1825:Kanva dynasty
1822:
1821:Shunga Empire
1818:
1817:Maurya Empire
1814:
1810:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1780:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1721:Pali language
1716:
1710:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1678:
1673:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1645:Vedic deities
1642:
1641:Nanda Dynasty
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1598:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1548:
1543:
1528:
1513:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1498:Rishabhanatha
1495:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1479:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1414:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1263:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1219:Uttar Pradesh
1216:
1213:, Jharkhand,
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1167:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1068:
1064:
1056:
1048:
1041:
1039:
1037:
1036:Magadhādipati
1033:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1011:
1008:–78 BCE) and
1000:
999:Shunga Empire
989:
988:Maurya Empire
974:
970:
966:
961:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
922:Kanva dynasty
919:
915:
914:Gupta dynasty
911:
910:Kanva dynasty
907:
903:
899:
898:Nanda dynasty
895:
891:
887:
883:
882:Ancient India
879:
875:
871:
866:
865:
864:Mahajanapadas
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
834:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
740:
739:
735:
730:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
695:
693:
691:Today part of
689:
673:
671:
668:
667:
659:
657:
654:
653:
645:
643:
640:
639:
636:
630:
627:
620:
619:
616:
615:
612:
609:
607:
604:
603:
599:
596:
593:
589:
586:
583:
579:
575:
572:
569:
565: 467 CE
550:
547:
543: 415 CE
528:
525:
521: 375 CE
506:
503:
499: 335 CE
484:
481:
462:
459:
440:
437:
418:
415:
396:
393:
374:
371:
352:
349:
330:
327:
308:
305:
286:
283:
259:
257:
250:
247:
243:
240:
237:
235:
231:
228:
224:
220:
217:
213:
210:
206:
202:
199:
195:
191:
187:
181:
178:
174:
159:
146:
133:
120:
105:
93:
86:
79:
74:
65:
58:
51:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
7393:
7391:
7330:Bihar topics
7104:
7034:
7025:
7015:
7002:
6993:
6992:
6983:
6974:
6965:
6956:
6947:
6938:
6929:
6920:
6912:
6911:
6875:Pala dynasty
6861:10th century
6860:
6823:
6791:
6741:
6721:
6715:
6714:
6670:
6643:
6615:Gupta Empire
6613:
6603:
6589:
6583:
6582:
6549:
6537:
6515:
6510:
6503:
6488:Early Cholas
6479:
6456:
6414:
6410:
6404:
6403:
6388:Early Cholas
6379:
6368:
6363:
6354:
6347:
6341:
6340:
6331:
6322:Nanda empire
6320:
6308:
6275:
6266:
6237:
6230:
6224:
6223:
6204:
6185:
6176:
6161:Vedic Period
6158:
6143:Vedic Period
6140:
6135:Vedic Period
6132:
6126:
6125:
6116:
6079:Sapta Sindhu
6066:Timeline and
5977:
5624:Contemporary
5474:Indo-Persian
5462:Nazi Germany
5406:Contemporary
5308:Vijayanagara
5207:Great Seljuk
5118:Thessalonica
5046:Golden Horde
4686:Carthaginian
4643:
4465:Neo-Assyrian
4450:Neo-Sumerian
4341:Uttara Madra
4206:Pratyagratha
4201:Pragjyotisha
4070:
3919:Gopa Rashtra
3780:
3726:
3711:the original
3676:
3666:
3653:
3633:
3629:
3619:
3599:
3592:
3567:
3563:
3557:
3537:
3530:
3510:
3503:
3486:
3482:
3472:
3434:
3427:
3407:
3377:
3370:
3346:
3342:
3332:
3312:
3302:
3274:
3267:
3247:
3240:
3232:
3228:
3208:
3201:
3181:
3174:
3154:
3147:
3135:. Retrieved
3131:
3121:
3094:
3061:
3057:
3051:
3023:
3016:
3004:. Retrieved
3000:
2991:
2971:
2964:
2945:
2939:
2920:
2914:
2906:
2901:
2893:
2888:
2876:. Retrieved
2872:the original
2862:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2825:
2818:
2802:
2797:
2789:
2784:M. Witzel. "
2780:
2760:
2753:
2723:
2714:
2694:
2675:
2671:
2665:
2645:
2638:
2618:
2611:
2594:
2590:
2584:
2567:
2563:
2557:
2538:
2528:
2510:Arthashastra
2508:
2503:
2436:Vikramashila
2425:
2415:Dhyānabhadra
2413:
2408:Vikramashila
2389:
2361:
2353:
2337:
2331:
2326:
2306:
2247:
2243:Puranic list
2230:330–322 BCE
2220:333–330 BCE
2212:334–333 BCE
2204:335–334 BCE
2196:336–335 BCE
2188:337–336 BCE
2180:338–337 BCE
2172:339–338 BCE
2164:340–339 BCE
2156:345–340 BCE
2146:Reign (BCE)
2120:Nanda Empire
2112:349–345 BCE
2102:355–349 BCE
2092:365–355 BCE
2084:377–365 BCE
2076:395–377 BCE
2066:413–395 BCE
2056:Reign (BCE)
2026:415–413 BCE
2016:417–415 BCE
2008:419–417 BCE
2000:428–419 BCE
1992:461–428 BCE
1982:491–461 BCE
1972:544–491 BCE
1962:Reign (BCE)
1930:
1906:
1867:
1859:
1853:
1849:
1831:Gupta Empire
1813:Nanda Empire
1782:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1718:
1687:such as the
1682:
1675:The ancient
1614:
1599:
1552:
1537:, Karshapana
1491:
1482:
1462:
1450:
1446:Gupta Empire
1415:
1401:In 326 BCE,
1400:
1381:
1358:
1311:
1309:
1303:was held in
1283:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1258:
1247:
1241:
1231:
1164:
1162:
1146:
1103:
1072:
1035:
1029:
1010:Gupta Empire
973:Nanda Empire
962:
958:Gupta Empire
938:Gupta Empire
849:
845:
841:
840:
737:Battles/wars
611:Succeeded by
610:
605:
527:Samudragupta
256:King/Emperor
188:(modern-day
69:Coat of arms
40:
7475:Bundelkhand
7429:North India
7240:Grand Chord
7019:, Routledge
6900:Rashtrakuta
6804:Pala Empire
6797:Kabul Shahi
6680:Kabul Shahi
6654:Alchon Huns
6432:Mahabharata
6355:Pre-history
6268:Pre-history
6178:Pre-history
5212:Khwarezmian
5145:Carolingian
4950:Rashtrakuta
4654:Shaishunaga
4553:Hellenistic
4536:New Kingdom
4526:Old Kingdom
4336:Uttara Kuru
4076:Maha Chinas
3874:Dakshinatya
3782:Mahabharata
2848:: 215–217.
2748:, p. .
2597:: 108–112.
2368:Tirthankara
2366:– the 24th
2237:Other lists
2226:Dhana Nanda
2089:Kshatraujas
1978:Ajatashatru
1904:–185 BCE).
1864:Ajatashatru
1841:Pala Empire
1729:Orientalist
1637:Ajatashatru
1559:Indo-Aryans
1493:Tirthankara
1396:Dhana Nanda
1373:Pataliputra
1346:Ajatashatru
1338:West Bengal
1328:founded by
1318:Brihadratha
1313:Mahabharata
1268:Jain Agamas
1249:Mahabharata
1195:Ajatashatru
1187:Pataliputra
1166:Atharvaveda
1025:Pataliputra
1021:Pala Empire
997:–185 BCE),
950:Afghanistan
934:Pataliputra
926:Satavahanas
920:(490–700).
773:Kalinga War
718:Afghanistan
606:Preceded by
571:Skandagupta
395:Dhana Nanda
307:Ajatashatru
186:Pataliputra
7592:Categories
7572:Shekhawati
7567:Rohilkhand
7562:Purvanchal
7450:Bagelkhand
7289:Aurangabad
7131:Aurangabad
6913:References
6866:Ghaznavids
6676:Nezak Huns
5782:Portuguese
5663:Revival Le
5653:Vietnamese
5296:Later Tran
5266:Vietnamese
5162:Singhasari
5150:Holy Roman
4774:Bulgarian
4710:Satavahana
4681:Phoenician
4617:Achaemenid
4578:Indo-Greek
4558:Macedonian
4472:Babylonian
4306:Tamraparni
4251:Saurashtra
4181:Parvartaka
4026:Kishkindha
4004:Kimpurusha
3636:: 137–154.
3132:H-Buddhism
2520:References
2396:Mahasiddha
2391:Maitripada
2129: – c.
2127: 345
2108:Mahanandin
2062:Shishunaga
2043:– 345 BCE)
2041: 413
2022:Nāgadāsaka
1949:– 413 BCE)
1947: 544
1902: 322
1885: – c.
1883: 345
1748:Māgadhisms
1713:See also:
1653:meditation
1649:asceticism
1639:, and the
1575:Kshatriyas
1520: 430
1407:Beas River
1388:Mahanandin
1310:The Hindu
1262:Pāli Canon
1223:Bangladesh
1183:day Rajgir
1017: 240
1006: 185
995: 322
982: – c.
980: 345
956:under the
723:Bangladesh
563: – c.
561: 455
541: – c.
539: 375
519: – c.
517: 335
497: – c.
495: 319
475: – c.
473: 185
453: – c.
451: 268
431: – c.
429: 320
409: – c.
407: 321
387: – c.
385: 329
365: – c.
363: 345
343: – c.
341: 395
329:Shishunaga
321: – c.
319: 413
299: – c.
297: 492
277: – c.
275: 544
245:Government
234:Demonym(s)
182:(Girivraj)
7480:Dardistan
7460:Baltistan
7351:Darbhanga
7346:Bhagalpur
7299:Jahanabad
7280:Lok Sabha
7208:Transport
7168:Deo Block
7141:Jehanabad
7119:Districts
6817:Kalachuri
6609:Kidarites
5775:Couronian
5413:Ethiopian
5401:Manchukuo
5356:Brazilian
5202:Ghaznavid
5172:Srivijaya
5123:Trebizond
5108:Byzantine
5090:North Sea
5085:Norwegian
5073:Almoravid
5056:Ilkhanate
5026:Majapahit
4999:Muromachi
4908:Solomonic
4893:Ethiopian
4807:Caliphate
4740:Aragonese
4568:Ptolemaic
4356:Vatadhana
4296:Surparaka
4246:Saraswata
4211:Prasthala
3924:Hara Huna
3707:608455986
3699:0169-9377
3363:141897826
3137:25 August
3086:144673508
3043:608555139
2878:6 January
2400:Mahāmudrā
2376:kshatriya
2333:Śāriputra
2072:Kalashoka
1968:Bimbisara
1933:Mahavamsa
1921:John Keay
1856:Bimbisara
1744:pāḷibhāsā
1693:Bodh Gaya
1633:Bimbisara
1442:Khārabēḷa
1363:with the
1342:Bimbisara
1330:Bimbisara
1293:Bodh Gaya
1175:Gandharis
1137:Bimbisara
1042:Geography
439:Bindusara
351:Kalashoka
285:Bimbisara
215:Religion
180:Rajagriha
7490:Dhundhar
7313:See also
7013:(2002),
6687:Maitraka
6572:kingdom
6570:Kamarupa
6428:Ramayana
6254:Buddhism
6200:Panchala
6191:Gandhara
6151:culture)
6118:IRON AGE
5998:Surasena
5993:Panchala
5953:Gandhara
5755:Japanese
5718:Scottish
5698:American
5690:Colonial
5619:Imperial
5587:Moroccan
5523:Japanese
5501:Afsharid
5360:Burmese
5346:Austrian
5301:Later Le
5276:Early Le
5261:Venetian
5187:Tiwanaku
5100:Hellenic
5063:Moroccan
4994:Kamakura
4984:Japanese
4967:Saffarid
4920:Georgian
4834:Chalukya
4812:Rashidun
4802:Calakmul
4770:Bruneian
4649:Haryanka
4627:Sasanian
4622:Parthian
4573:Bactrian
4563:Seleucid
4543:Goguryeo
4521:Egyptian
4455:Assyrian
4445:Akkadian
4436:Colonies
4381:Yaudheya
4371:Vidarbha
4316:Trigarta
4301:Surasena
4196:Pishacha
4176:Parasika
4156:Panchala
4141:Nishadas
4106:Mekhalas
4096:Manipura
3954:Kalakuta
3934:Himalaya
3904:Gandhāra
3894:Dasherka
3889:Dasharna
3724:(2016),
3495:29756860
3310:(1995).
3078:20106493
3006:24 April
2854:44145194
2722:(1953).
2678:: 49–58.
2603:44141530
2576:41784405
2443:See also
2363:Mahavira
2344:Rājagaha
2321:Mahavira
2300:List by
2013:Darshaka
1997:Anirudha
1913:Mahavira
1860:Shrenika
1767:Bhojpuri
1763:Maithili
1703:Language
1695:and the
1625:Buddhism
1610:Rājagṛha
1602:Śrāvastī
1595:Mahavira
1579:Brahmins
1506:Buddhism
1504:founded
1488:Mahavira
1463:Several
1426:Chanakya
1365:Licchavi
1350:Pasenadi
1305:Rajgriha
1299:and the
1289:Buddhism
1252:and the
1243:Ramayana
1189:(modern
1185:), then
1157:Magadhas
969:Buddhism
852:, was a
708:Pakistan
591:Currency
585:Iron Age
223:Buddhism
219:Hinduism
201:Sanskrit
7598:Magadha
7515:Kashmir
7495:Garhwal
7465:Bhojpur
7440:Ahirwal
7105:Magadha
7098:General
6994:Sources
6785:Pallava
6716:Culture
6595:Puranas
6584:Culture
6424:Puranas
6405:Culture
6342:Culture
6258:Ājīvika
6250:Jainism
6225:Culture
6205:Magadha
6127:Culture
5978:Magadha
5963:Kamboja
5822:largest
5817:Empires
5797:Swedish
5792:Spanish
5787:Russian
5750:Italian
5725:Chinese
5713:English
5708:British
5703:Belgian
5678:Vietnam
5668:Tay son
5614:Tsarist
5609:Russian
5604:Ottoman
5570:Dzungar
5565:Khoshut
5538:Mexican
5533:Maratha
5516:Pahlavi
5496:Safavid
5491:Iranian
5418:Haitian
5381:Chinese
5341:Ashanti
5313:Wagadou
5239:Eastern
5234:Western
5217:Timurid
5177:Tibetan
5167:Songhai
5157:Serbian
5078:Almohad
5068:Idrisid
4972:Samanid
4962:Tahirid
4957:Iranian
4935:Kannauj
4915:Genoese
4851:Chinese
4844:Eastern
4839:Western
4827:Fatimid
4822:Abbasid
4817:Umayyad
4790:Burmese
4750:Ayyubid
4745:Angevin
4715:Xianbei
4703:Eastern
4698:Western
4644:Magadha
4607:Iranian
4600:Xiongnu
4585:Hittite
4494:Chinese
4482:Kassite
4431:Ancient
4423:Empires
4326:Tushara
4311:Tangana
4271:Sinhala
4256:Sauvira
4236:Salveya
4221:Pulinda
4191:Paurava
4186:Parvata
4151:Pallava
4136:Niharas
4126:Nasikya
4121:Mushika
4116:Mudgala
4111:Mleccha
4081:Mahisha
4071:Magadha
4066:Madraka
4041:Kuninda
4031:Konkana
4019:Kingdom
4009:Kinnara
3974:Karusha
3969:Karnata
3964:Kamboja
3959:Kalinga
3949:Kasmira
3914:Gomanta
3899:Dwaraka
3884:Dasarna
3844:Bhārata
3839:Bahlika
3732:Pearson
3645:Sources
2432:Nalanda
2420:Nalanda
2404:Nalanda
2372:Jainism
2339:Brahmin
2254:Puranas
2252:mostly
1697:Nalanda
1629:Ājīvika
1621:Jainism
1617:sramana
1563:śramana
1484:Jainism
1340:. King
1297:Sarnath
1274:Puranas
1254:Puranas
1153:Rigveda
1127:History
1121:Jainism
965:Jainism
942:Mauryas
876:in the
854:kingdom
848:or the
842:Magadha
556:•
534:•
512:•
490:•
468:•
446:•
424:•
402:•
380:•
358:•
336:•
314:•
292:•
270:•
239:Māgadhī
227:Jainism
184:Later,
176:Capital
7550:Punjab
7535:Marwar
7525:Ladakh
7520:Kumaon
7505:Hadoti
7500:Gorwar
7381:Tirhut
7371:Purnia
7361:Munger
7304:Nawada
7194:Punpun
7189:Mohana
7177:Rivers
7146:Nawada
7092:topics
6933:Samuel
6924:Samuel
6731:Tantra
6496:Cheras
6396:Cheras
6302:Assaka
6217:Assaka
6149:Srauta
6075:Punjab
5968:Kosala
5943:Avanti
5760:Mongol
5745:German
5740:French
5730:Danish
5673:Dainam
5648:Tongan
5636:Somali
5631:Sokoto
5597:'Alawi
5575:Kalmyk
5555:Mongol
5548:Second
5528:Korean
5479:Mughal
5469:Indian
5452:German
5445:Second
5435:French
5428:Second
5364:Second
5336:Afghan
5328:Modern
5254:Kyrgyz
5249:Uighur
5244:Second
5224:Turkic
5192:Toltec
5128:Epirus
5113:Nicaea
5036:Mongol
4989:Yamato
4925:Huetar
4783:Second
4720:Rouran
4669:Shunga
4664:Maurya
4639:Kushan
4612:Median
4590:Hunnic
4548:Harsha
4376:Yavana
4366:Videha
4346:Utkala
4281:Sonita
4266:Sindhu
4261:Shakya
4216:Pundra
4166:Parada
4161:Pandya
4101:Matsya
4091:Malava
4086:Malla
4036:Kosala
4014:Kirata
3999:Kikata
3989:Kerala
3984:Kekeya
3944:Kanchi
3864:Chinas
3829:Avanti
3824:Asmaka
3819:Assaka
3804:Anarta
3799:Andhra
3794:Abhira
3738:
3705:
3697:
3687:
3607:
3584:603308
3582:
3545:
3518:
3493:
3442:
3415:
3385:
3361:
3320:
3290:
3255:
3216:
3189:
3162:
3084:
3076:
3041:
3031:
2979:
2952:
2927:
2896:, p.31
2852:
2809:
2788:," in
2768:
2702:
2653:
2626:
2601:
2574:
2545:
2143:Ruler
2053:Ruler
1988:Udayin
1959:Ruler
1868:Kunika
1759:Magahi
1725:Magahi
1661:stupas
1606:Kosala
1591:Buddha
1502:Buddha
1478:ahimsa
1438:Shunga
1434:Dharma
1411:Coenus
1369:Ganges
1354:Kosala
1316:calls
1265:, the
1246:, the
1215:Orissa
1199:Bengal
1179:Ganges
1149:Kīkaṭa
1141:Sanchi
1081:, and
954:Magadh
952:. The
930:Deccan
858:empire
713:Bhutan
461:Ashoka
260:
7577:Vagad
7555:Malwa
7545:Mewat
7540:Mewar
7530:Majha
7510:Jammu
7485:Doaba
7455:Bagar
7445:Awadh
7376:Saran
7366:Patna
7235:NH 33
7230:NH 96
7225:NH 22
7220:NH 31
7164:Konch
7126:Arwal
6420:Epics
6159:Late
6141:Late
6133:Late
6003:Vajji
5983:Malla
5958:Kashi
5948:Chedi
5810:Lists
5765:Omani
5735:Dutch
5641:Isaaq
5592:Saadi
5560:Oirat
5543:First
5511:Qajar
5440:First
5423:First
5396:China
5369:Third
5229:First
5182:Tikal
5133:Morea
5103:Roman
5021:Latin
5016:Khmer
5011:Kanem
4977:Buyid
4903:Zagwe
4898:Aksum
4888:Chola
4795:First
4778:First
4765:Bornu
4760:Benin
4755:Aztec
4693:Roman
4674:Gupta
4659:Nanda
4595:White
4361:Vatsa
4351:Vanga
4291:Suhma
4286:Sudra
4241:Salwa
4231:Salva
4061:Madra
4056:Lanka
4046:Kunti
3994:Khasa
3979:Kashi
3909:Garga
3879:Danda
3859:Chola
3854:Chera
3849:Chedi
3814:Anupa
3714:(PDF)
3681:(PDF)
3580:JSTOR
3491:JSTOR
3359:S2CID
3082:S2CID
3074:JSTOR
2850:JSTOR
2599:JSTOR
2572:JSTOR
2495:Notes
2384:Bihar
2005:Munda
1757:like
1657:jhana
1583:Vedic
1571:Vedic
1227:Nepal
1211:Bihar
1191:Patna
1171:Angas
1135:King
1099:Bihar
1091:Patna
1083:Campā
1075:Gaṅgā
880:, in
874:Bihar
703:Nepal
698:India
595:Panas
190:Patna
7470:Braj
7356:Kosi
7294:Gaya
7215:NH 2
7136:Gaya
6262:Yoga
6196:Kuru
5973:Kuru
5933:Anga
5580:Bogd
5506:Zand
5484:Sikh
5391:Qing
5386:Ming
5318:Wari
5286:Tran
5271:Dinh
5041:Yuan
5031:Mali
4940:Pala
4930:Inca
4881:Yuan
4871:Song
4866:Liao
4861:Tang
4634:Kush
4516:Dʿmt
4331:Ursa
4321:Tulu
4276:Sivi
4226:Saka
4146:Odra
4131:Nepa
4051:Kuru
3939:Huna
3809:Anga
3736:ISBN
3703:OCLC
3695:ISSN
3685:ISBN
3605:ISBN
3543:ISBN
3516:ISBN
3440:ISBN
3413:ISBN
3383:ISBN
3318:ISBN
3288:ISBN
3253:ISBN
3214:ISBN
3187:ISBN
3160:ISBN
3139:2019
3039:OCLC
3029:ISBN
3008:2024
2977:ISBN
2950:ISBN
2925:ISBN
2880:2017
2807:ISBN
2766:ISBN
2700:ISBN
2651:ISBN
2624:ISBN
2543:ISBN
2434:and
2406:and
2248:The
1911:and
1765:and
1740:pāḷi
1651:and
1635:and
1627:and
1593:and
1440:and
1334:Anga
1236:and
1234:Jain
1225:and
1207:Anga
1205:and
1095:Gaya
1093:and
1030:The
967:and
948:and
856:and
7199:Son
5658:Mac
5095:Oyo
5004:Edo
4876:Jīn
4856:Sui
4509:Jin
4504:Han
4499:Qin
3572:doi
3568:107
3351:doi
3280:doi
3066:doi
2382:of
2370:of
1691:at
1079:Son
986:),
928:of
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