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varied from 3 to 9, with an average of 6.75 eggs per female. The eggs are pale buff in colour, smooth and elliptical in shape, measuring 46 mm × 34.6 mm (1.81 in × 1.36 in) on average. This is smaller than the eggs of any of the other "grey teals". Only the female
402:
This is a small duck, measuring 40 to 45 cm (16 to 18 in) in length, and ranging from 320 to 405 grams (11.3 to 14.3 oz) in mass; males average slightly heavier than females. Adult and immature birds of both sexes look the same, though males are slightly larger than females. The
419:
forests. It rarely leaves this habitat, where it favors open shallow ponds and lakes, mostly brackish. Its range encompasses the whole of the west coast and the extreme north-east. It is known to breed at a few sites, central and north-west coasts. Subfossil evidence from the
449:
Bernier's teal typically spends much of its day actively feeding. It wades at the edge of shallow water, filtering mud and dabbling at the water's surface. It feeds on invertebrates, plant materials, and insects.
470:. The birds add no materials to the nest. Instead, the female lays her eggs directly on floor of the cavity, covering them initially with wood shavings or rotting bits of wood and later with
946:"Holocene bird subfossils from the sites of Ampasambazimba, Antsirabe and Ampoza, Madagascar:Changes in the avifauna of south central Madagascar over the past few millennia"
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495:. There are only about 1500 left in the world. The reason these ducks are on the verge of extinction is because their natural habitat,
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By convention, length is measured from the tip of the bill to the tip of the tail on a dead bird (or skin) laid on its back.
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trees, in holes 1–3 m (3.3–9.8 ft) above the water's surface. In captivity, the species will also use
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who collected nearly 200 specimens of various species while stationed in
Madagascar. The genus name
700:. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 467.
311:
50:
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673:
237:
97:
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286:, where it is found only along the west coast. Part of the "grey teal" complex found throughout
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522:, for example, has reared nearly 100 since starting their breeding program in 1995. In the US,
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until it became extinct). Studies further suggest that its closest living relative is the
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952:. Johannesburg, South Africa: BirdLife South Africa. pp. 3071–3083. Archived from
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The male
Bernier's teal whistles, while the female's call is described as "a croaking
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period shows that the teal formerly had a much wider distribution across the island.
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335:. It is one of the "grey teals", a group of related ducks found across Australasia.
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collections throughout the world, and several captive breeding programs exist. The
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Bernier's teal is endemic to the island of
Madagascar, where it is found in
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of wild
Bernier's teal have been found either above or close to water in
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950:
Proceedings of the 22nd
International Ornithological Congress, Durban
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890:
Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa:
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Young, H. Glyn; Lewis, Richard E.; Razafindrajao, Felix (2001).
507:, and to expand cultivation. Hunting for food is also a threat.
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331:
271:
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1000:. Princeton, NJ, US: Princeton University Press. p. 74.
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is reddish, and the legs and feet are a dull reddish-orange.
969:"A description of the nest and eggs of the Madagascar Teal
944:
Goodman, S.M. (1999). Adams, N.J.; Slotow, R.H. (eds.).
798:
Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2014).
777:. New Haven, CT, US: Yale University Press. p. 17.
1071:"Zoo's rare duckling not in danger of being found ugly"
923:(2nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 41.
530:
in
Kentucky have both successfully fledged ducklings.
1024:. Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust. Archived from
994:
Hirschfeld, Erik; Swash, Andy; Still, Robert (2013).
750:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. p. 452.
1136:
596:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-2.RLTS.T22680252A196544442.en
646:"Systematische Uebersicht der Vögel Madagascars"
306:At Sylvan Heights Waterfowl Park, North Carolina
8:
1124:
867:. Mountfield, UK: Pica Press. p. 84.
739:Ducks, Geese and Swans: Species accounts (
347:(which was found on the nearby islands of
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59:
40:
31:
865:Birds of Madagascar: A Photographic Guide
858:
856:
854:
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403:plumage is predominantly warm brown. The
831:. London, UK: Christopher Helm. p.
359:, and confirm that it is related to the
339:studies suggest that it may have been a
1109:Madagascar teal - The Living Rainforest
917:Dunning Jr., John Barnard, ed. (2008).
828:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Names
716:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
557:
538:
896:. Oxford University Press. p. 3.
563:
561:
863:Morris, Pete; Hawkins, Frank (1998).
694:; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1979).
7:
290:, it is most closely related to the
582:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
516:Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust
474:from her own breast. In captivity,
232:Distribution of the Bernier's teal
1048:"Madagascar Teal Breeding Program"
491:Bernier's teal is on the verge of
25:
920:CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses
1410:IUCN Red List endangered species
697:Check-list of Birds of the World
101:
892:Birds of the Western Palearctic
801:The Eponym Dictionary of Birds
1:
1069:House, Kelly (19 June 2009).
310:The Bernier's teal was first
894:, Volume 1, Ostrich to Ducks
888:Cramp, Stanley, ed. (1977).
314:by the German ornithologist
1420:Endemic birds of Madagascar
510:The species is now held in
363:. There are no subspecies.
1441:
1104:BirdLife Species Factsheet
1050:. Sylvan Heights Bird Park
825:Jobling, James A. (2010).
774:A World Checklist of Birds
526:in North Carolina and the
499:, are being destroyed for
804:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
736:Kear, Janet, ed. (2005).
589:: e.T22680252A196544442.
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98:Scientific classification
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1114:Madagascar teal - ARKive
997:The World's Rarest Birds
771:Monroe, Burt L. (1997).
650:Journal für Ornithologie
524:Sylvan Heights Bird Park
1425:Birds described in 1860
652:(in German and Latin).
569:BirdLife International
307:
1356:Paleobiology Database
394:word meaning "duck".
305:
266:), also known as the
1081:on 26 September 2014
618:"Appendices | CITES"
325:. It is one of many
323:Querquedula bernieri
246:Querquedula bernieri
662:1860JOrni...8..161H
487:Conservation status
51:Conservation status
670:10.1007/bf02015735
318:in 1860 under the
308:
270:, is a species of
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1396:
1343:Open Tree of Life
1130:Taxon identifiers
1028:on 2 October 2011
1022:"Madagascar Teal"
1007:978-1-4008-4490-6
930:978-1-4200-6444-5
903:978-0-19-857358-6
874:978-1-873403-45-7
842:978-1-4081-2501-4
811:978-1-4729-0574-1
784:978-0-300-07083-5
757:978-0-19-861009-0
411:Range and habitat
376:Chevalier Bernier
374:both commemorate
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345:Sauzier's teal
341:sister species
327:dabbling ducks
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249:Hartlaub, 1860
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329:in the genus
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274:in the genus
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207:Anas bernieri
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198:Binomial name
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1085:26 September
1083:. Retrieved
1079:the original
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1054:26 September
1052:. Retrieved
1042:
1032:25 September
1030:. Retrieved
1026:the original
1016:
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989:
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721:25 September
719:. Retrieved
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625:. Retrieved
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476:clutch sizes
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357:Andaman teal
330:
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292:Andaman teal
275:
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155:Anseriformes
29:
1278:iNaturalist
1162:Wikispecies
983:(1): 64–67.
977:Bull. B.O.C
692:Mayr, Ernst
398:Description
378:, a French
366:The duck's
288:Australasia
84:Appendix II
1404:Categories
1382:Xeno-canto
627:2022-01-14
602:4 December
552:References
493:extinction
483:the eggs.
468:nest boxes
458:All known
384:naturalist
284:Madagascar
66:Endangered
622:cites.org
481:incubates
428:Behaviour
361:gray teal
349:Mauritius
312:described
183:Species:
121:Kingdom:
115:Eukaryota
1369:Species+
1322:22680252
1296:10764442
1208:22680252
1203:BirdLife
1147:Wikidata
678:40507234
644:(1860).
571:(2022).
512:wildfowl
454:Breeding
422:Holocene
417:mangrove
298:Taxonomy
278:. It is
238:Synonyms
215:Hartlaub
165:Anatidae
161:Family:
135:Chordata
131:Phylum:
125:Animalia
111:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
1270:2498117
1257:1047366
1244:bertea1
1218:bertea1
1190:Avibase
1153:Q290199
741:Cairina
658:Bibcode
353:Réunion
280:endemic
217:, 1860)
171:Genus:
151:Order:
141:Class:
86: (
69: (
1361:373515
1348:656779
1309:175098
1004:
927:
900:
871:
839:
808:
781:
754:
745:Mergus
676:
520:Jersey
501:timber
368:common
1335:75835
1291:IRMNG
1239:eBird
1215:BOW:
674:S2CID
460:nests
433:Voice
392:Latin
390:is a
343:with
88:CITES
82:CITES
1415:Anas
1374:5867
1330:NCBI
1317:IUCN
1304:ITIS
1283:6971
1265:GBIF
1231:DGN6
1087:2014
1056:2014
1034:2014
1002:ISBN
925:ISBN
898:ISBN
869:ISBN
837:ISBN
806:ISBN
779:ISBN
752:ISBN
723:2014
604:2023
587:2022
534:Note
505:fuel
503:and
439:quak
405:bill
388:Anas
382:and
370:and
351:and
332:Anas
276:Anas
272:duck
176:Anas
145:Aves
1252:EoL
1226:CoL
1177:ADW
981:121
743:to
666:doi
591:doi
518:on
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