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enrolling Jeanne
Antoinette in private tutoring upon her return to Paris. Charles François Paul Le Normant de Tournehem took charge of the child's education, sparing no expense. Jeanne-Antoinette was "coached in elocution by an actor from the Comedie Francaise and the dramatist Crebillon. The opera singer Jélyotte taught her to sing", along with extensive education in the humanities, fine arts, music, and social finery. During this time, her mother took her to a fortuneteller, Madame de Lebon, who predicted that the girl would one day reign over the heart of a king. Pompadour left the fortuneteller 600 livres in her will, for correctly predicting the impossible.
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420:. When she was married aged 20, she was already somewhat famous throughout the salons of Paris for her beauty, intelligence, and abundance of charm. Her husband, M. Le Normant d’Etioles, though initially displeased with their marriage arrangement, was said to have fallen in love with Mme Pompadour swiftly. Their marriage gave both parties something they desperately needed: Le Normant d'Etioles received "an enormous dowry" that lifted him from relative poverty. Jeanne-Antoinette "gained a level of respectability that overshadowed her mother’s dubious past".
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845:, or Stag Park. It was not, as often described, a harem; it was occupied by only one woman at a time. Pompadour was not involved, other than to accept it as a "necessity". Pompadour's only contribution to the Stag Park was to accept it as a favorable alternative to a rival at court, as she stated: "It is his heart I want! All these little girls with no education will not take it from me. I would not be so calm if I saw some pretty woman of the court or the capital trying to conquer it."
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pen-pusher, hardly able to walk, should still be alive, a beautiful woman, in the midst of a splendid career, should die at the age of forty-two." Many of her enemies were, however, greatly relieved. Looking at the rain during the departure of his mistress's coffin from
Versailles, the devastated king reportedly said: "La marquise n'aura pas de beau temps pour son voyage" ("The marquise will not have good weather for her journey"). She was buried at the
416:, the nephew of her guardian Charles Le Normant de Tournehem, who initiated the match and the large financial incentives that came with it. On 15 December 1740, Tournehem made his nephew his sole heir, disinheriting all his other nephews and nieces: the children of his brother and sister. These included the estate at Étiolles, a wedding gift from her guardian, which was situated on the edge of the royal hunting ground of the
832:, who, at that time, directed all the renovation and building works of the different residences of Mme de Pompadour. Using the central "salon à l'italienne" as a pivot, an apartment was created for the King as a counterpart to that of the henceforth Duchesse de Pompadour, making the prestigious château de Saint-Ouen into a reflection of her own status – a symbol of her social and political achievements.
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counted on to tell him the truth. Pompadour was an indispensable comfort to Louis who was prone to melancholy and boredom. She alone was able to captivate and amuse him and would entertain Louis with elegant private parties and operas, afternoons of hunting, and journeying among their various chateaux and lodgings. She would sometimes even invite his wife, Queen Marie
Leszczyńska, with his help.
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498:. It was at this ball that the King, disguised along with seven courtiers as yew trees, publicly declared his affection for Jeanne Antoinette. Before all of court and the royal family, Louis unmasked himself before Jeanne Antoinette, who was dressed as Diana the Huntress in reference to their encounter in the forest of Sénart.
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537:. Determined to make her place at court secure, Jeanne Antoinette immediately attempted to forge a good relationship with the royal family. After the Queen engaged Pompadour in a conversation by enquiring after a mutual acquaintance, Madame de Saissac, Pompadour responded in delight, swearing her respect and loyalty to
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Despite misconceptions perpetuated by her contemporaries and much of historical discourse, Pompadour did not supplement her role as mistress by employing replacement lovers for the king. Following the cessation of
Pompadour's sexual relationship with Louis, the King met with young women in a house in
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Through her position as court favourite, Pompadour wielded considerable power and influence. She was elevated on 12 October 1752 to duchess and in 1756 to lady-in-waiting to the Queen, the most noble rank possible for a woman at court. Pompadour effectively played the role of prime minister, becoming
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Jeanne
Antoinette Poisson was born on 29 December 1721 in Paris to François Poisson and his wife Madeleine de La Motte. Poisson was steward to the Paris brothers, the men primarily responsible for financing the French economy at the time. It is suspected that her biological father was either the rich
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In addition to this layout, as soon as Madame de
Pompadour acquired the estate, a vast project of reorganisation of the entire buildings (including stables and dependences) was planned, costing more than 500.000 livres. In the absence of the original plans, a restitution of the ground floor has been
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placed pressure upon the King to repent of his sins and renounce his mistress. In order to cement her continuing importance as favourite in the face of these impediments, Pompadour took on the role of "friend of the King" which she announced through artistic patronage. Pompadour's announcement was
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Madame de
Pompadour was able to wield such influence at court due to the invaluable role she played as a friend and confidante of the King. In opposition to previous mistresses of Louis XV, Pompadour made herself invaluable to the King by becoming the only person whom Louis trusted and who could be
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Hostile critics at the time generally tarred her as a malevolent political influence, but historians are more favorable, emphasizing her successes as a patron of the arts and a champion of French pride. Modern historians suggest that the critics of
Pompadour were driven by fears over the overturning
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Due to her involvement in Paris salons as well as her grace and beauty, Louis XV had heard the name of Jeanne
Antoinette mentioned at court as early as 1742. In 1744, Jeanne Antoinette sought to catch the eye of the King while he led the hunt in the forest of Sénart. Because she occupied an estate
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in 1764 at the age of 42. Louis nursed her through her illness. Even her enemies admired her courage during the final painful weeks. Voltaire wrote: "I am very sad at the death of Madame de
Pompadour. I was indebted to her and I mourn her out of gratitude. It seems absurd that while an ancient
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style in the fine and decorative arts: for example, through her patronage of the artists like Boucher and the constant refurnishing of the fifteen residences she held with Louis. Like Pompadour, this style was critiqued by some as a pernicious "feminine" influence, despite the fact that it was
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convent in Poissy, where she gained admiration for her wit and charm. Due to poor health, thought to be whooping cough, Jeanne Antoinette returned home in January 1730, aged 9. Madeleine refused to allow this to prevent her daughter from becoming a highly educated and accomplished young lady,
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Madame de Pompadour was an influential patron of the arts who played a central role in making Paris the perceived capital of taste and culture in Europe. She attained this influence through the appointment of her guardian Charles François Paul Le Normant de Tournehem, and later her brother,
384:. Le Normant de Tournehem became her legal guardian when François Poisson was forced to leave the country in 1725 after a scandal over a series of unpaid debts. Such crime at that time was punishable by death; however, he was cleared eight years later and allowed to return to France.
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Some art historians argue whether or not she should be considered a collaborator with the artists under her patronage, since there is no documentation of how much Pompadour might have contributed to the works; whose idea, and whose composition, will remain a mystery.
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In addition to supporting the arts as a patron, Pompadour also participated in them more directly. Besides being one of the few 18th-century practitioners of gem engraving, she was an acclaimed stage actress in plays staged at her private theaters at Versailles and
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Around 1750 Madame de Pompadour's role as friend of the King became her solitary role, as she ceased her sexual relationship with the King. The end of this sexual relationship was in part attributed to Pompadour's poor health, as she suffered the aftereffects of
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As a married woman, Jeanne Antoinette could frequent celebrated salons in Paris, such as those hosted by Mesdames de Tencin, Geoffrin, du Deffand and others. Within these salons she crossed paths with principal figures of the Enlightenment, including
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By March, she was the King's mistress, installed at Versailles in an apartment directly above his. On 7 May, the official separation between her and her husband was pronounced. To be presented at court, she required a title. The King purchased the
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Once married, the couple seemed very much in love: Jeanne Antoinette would often joke that she would never leave Le Normant d’Etioles for anyone – except, of course, the king. The couple had a son who died in infancy and a daughter,
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in 1759, which became one of the most famous porcelain manufacturers in Europe, and which provided skilled jobs for the region. Numerous sculptors and portrait painters were patronized by Pompadour, among them the court artist
768:, of a sculpture representing herself as Amitié , offering herself to a now lost pendant sculpture of Louis XV. Pompadour also had a related sculpture depicted in a portrait of herself painted by François Boucher in 1759.
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embraced by many men as well as women. However it is also widely recognised that Madame de Pompadour engaged with prominent artists as a way to capture the attention of the king whilst cultivating her public image. The
482:, named Madame de Châteauroux, had warned off Jeanne Antoinette, the position became vacant on 8 December 1744 when Châteauroux died. On 24 February 1745, Jeanne Antoinette received a formal invitation to attend the
791:, (near Paris, in the Seine-Saint-Denis department), has belonged to the prestigious dukes of Gesvres until its destruction in 1821, to build the actual château for the comtesse du Cayla. After the sale of her
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near this location, she was permitted to follow the royal party at a distance. However, wanting to attract the King's notice, Jeanne Antoinette drove directly in front of the King's path, once in a pink
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The marquise had many enemies among the royal courtiers who felt it a disgrace that the king would thus compromise himself with a commoner. She was very sensitive to the unending libels called
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family in the 1750s for the Gesvres family. In French architecture, a "salon à l'italienne" is a room filling all the height of a building: a memorable example is the Grand salon at
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Saint-Ouen's originality resided in its interior distribution: the main body consisted of a succession of three "salons à l'italienne", whose decoration was entirely modified by the
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Guillaume Garcia-Moreau, « Le château de Saint-Ouen et Madame de Pompadour », Bulletin de la Société de l'Histoire de l'Art français, 2003, p. 221–240
465:, and Voltaire. Within these circles she learned the fine art of conversation and developed the sharp wit for which she would later become known at Versailles.
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with the help of Boucher. She had engraving equipment, to create the prints of works by Boucher and Guay, brought within her personal apartments in Versailles
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Pompadour took charge of the king's schedule and was a valued aide and advisor, despite her frail health and many political enemies. She secured titles of
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for herself and her relatives, and built a network of clients and supporters. She was particularly careful not to alienate the popular Queen,
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882:, which controlled government policy and expenditures for the arts. She championed French pride by constructing and later outright buying a
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that existed from 1755 to 1881, was nicknamed "The Pompadours", as the purple facing of the regiment's uniform was allegedly Pompadour's
591:, which saw France, Austria and Russia pitted against Britain and Prussia. France suffered a defeat at the hands of the Prussians in the
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1561:, the role of the countess recalls the great names of the artists of her past: "and sometimes even the Marquise de Pompadour in person!"
1499:(French champagne glass) is sometimes claimed to have been modelled on the shape of her breast, although this is probably not the case.
457:. Additionally, Jeanne Antoinette created her own salon at Étiolles, which was attended by many of the cultural elite, among them were
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of Louis XV and Pompadour respectively. Diderot portrayed Pompadour in a flattering light, most likely to ensure her support for
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of the existing hierarchies that Pompadour's power and influence represented, as a woman who was not born into the aristocracy.
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Series of Prints engraved by Madame la Marquise de Pompadour after the engraved stones of Guay, engraver of the King
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Her political mind also can be attributed to her great book collection. She collected influential books such as the
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had allowed it to surpass France as the leading colonial power – something which was commonly blamed on Pompadour.
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responsible for appointing advancements, favors and dismissals, and contributing in domestic and foreign politics.
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in her library, which may explain why the crown did not pursue Diderot for such an indiscretion against the king.
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Madame de Pompadour has been depicted on screen in film and television on many occasions, beginning in 1924 with
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Suite d'Estampes Gravées Par Madame la Marquise de Pompadour d'Apres les Pierres Gravées de Guay, Graveur du Roy
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to the British. After Rossbach, Madame de Pompadour is alleged to have comforted the king with the now famous: "
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947:. Some of the artworks made under Pompadour's purview by other hands, notably the 1758 portrait by Boucher of
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1541:" diamond, also called "navette", was commissioned by Louis XV to resemble the mouth of Madame de Pompadour.
1174:; engraved print by Madame de Pompadour of a drawing by Boucher, after an engraved gemstone by Guay c. 1755.
1157:; engraved print by Madame de Pompadour of a drawing by Boucher, after an engraved gemstone by Guay c. 1755.
1140:; Engraved print by Madame de Pompadour of a drawing by Boucher, after an engraved gemstone by Guay c. 1755.
1123:; engraved print by Madame de Pompadour of a drawing by Boucher, after an engraved gemstone by Guay c. 1755.
1106:; engraved print by Madame de Pompadour of a drawing by Boucher, after an engraved gemstone by Guay c. 1755.
1089:; engraved print by Madame de Pompadour of a drawing by Boucher, after an engraved gemstone by Guay c. 1755.
1051:; engraved print by Madame de Pompadour of a drawing by Boucher, after an engraved gemstone by Guay c. 1755.
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1191:; engraved print by Madame de Pompadour of a drawing by Boucher, after an engraved gemstone by Guay c. 1755
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At the age of five, Jeanne Antoinette was sent to receive the finest quality education of the day in an
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Hyde, Melissa (2000). "The "Makeup" of the Marquise: Boucher's Portrait of Pompadour at Her Toilette".
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to the queen, a position considered the most prestigious at the court, which accorded her with honors.
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Beautiful Thoughts from French and Italian Authors: With English Translations and Lives of the Authors
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Wager, Susan (2017). "The earliest known version of Madame de Pompadour's d'Estampes' rediscovered".
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The Hunt after Jeanne-Antoinette de Pompadour: Patronage, Politics, Art, and the French Enlightenment
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failed her, she brought Choiseul into office and supported and guided him in all his plans: the
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on 24 June and gave the estate, with title and coat-of-arms, to Jeanne Antoinette, making her a
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Katherine K. Gordon, ""Madame de Pompadour, Pigalle, and the Iconography of Friendship,""
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Her memorial portrait finished in 1764 after her death, but begun while she was alive, by
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2252:. 1000 Fifth Avenue, NY: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 3, 5, 125, 179.
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A portrait of Madame de Pompadour and a dog at the foot of her shoes (portrait by
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Gordon, Alden R. (Fall 2003). "Searching for the Elusive Madame de Pompadour".
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Pompadour greatly influenced and stimulated innovation in what is known as the
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proposed. It seems that the architect who supervised this reorganisation was
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1602:(New York: Barnes and Noble, 2011), 9 and Gere Charlotte and Marina Vaizey,
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324:. On 8 February 1756, the Marquise de Pompadour was named as the thirteenth
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Posner, Donald (1990). "Mme. de Pompadour as a patron of the visual arts".
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Madame de Pompadour persisted in her support of these policies, and when
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of Pompadour's lost portrait by Boucher sits in the Starhemberg room at
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2516:"Were champagne glasses modeled on the breasts of Madame de Pompadour?"
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Madame de Pompadour is considered an amateur printmaker who made print
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2331:"More than a Mistress: Madame de Pompadour was a Minister of the Arts"
2299:(2nd ed.). London: Thames and Hudson. pp. 43, 106, 108, 113.
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Mystifying the monarch : studies on discourse, power, and history
1744:(London: National Gallery, 2002), 60, and Rosamond Hooper-Hamersley,
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Lewis, Tess (2003). "Madame de Pompadour: Eminence without Honor".
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Jean Baptiste Pigalle: Madame de Pompadour as "Friendship" (Louvre)
609:"). France emerged from the war diminished and virtually bankrupt.
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he portraits of Madame de Pompadour: Celebrating the Femme Savante
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Sex with Kings: 500 Years of Adultery, Power, Rivalry, and Revenge
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She was the subject of several portraits throughout her lifetime.
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Versailles established particularly for that purpose, called the
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Thomas Kaiser, "Madame de Pompadour and the Theatres of Power",
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The personal portfolio of Madame de Pompadour was found in the
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Under these changed alliances, the European powers entered the
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665:, who sought to have it suppressed. In Diderot's first novel,
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Research Guide to European Historical Biography: 1450–Present
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Research Guide to European Historical Biography: 1450–present
2195:(New York: Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, 2008), 89.
1575:", the fourth episode of second series of the second run of
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Louis XV remained devoted to Pompadour until her death from
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Broadway: Its History, People, and Places – An Encyclopedia
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that also had successful adaptations in London (1923), and
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Lycée, ou Cours de littérature ancienne et moderne: Tome 2
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List of museums and libraries with a copy of her portfolio
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584:, which saw France allied to their former enemy Austria.
1851:(New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 2003), 23 and Pevitt,
293:; 29 December 1721 – 15 April 1764), commonly known as
30:"Madame Pompadour" redirects here. For other uses, see
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Madame De Pompadour is one of the main characters in "
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most prominently declared through her commission from
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1925:(Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000), 11.
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of this residence from 1759 until her death in 1764.
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from 1745 to 1751, and remained influential as court
1974:Évelyne Lever, Catherine Temerson (September 2003).
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Madame de Pompadour: Sex, Culture and the Power Game
1699:. Online Archive: New York Review Books. p. 21.
661:, against those, among them the Archbishop of Paris
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Artist and Amateurs: Etching in 18th-Century France
412:At the age of 20, Jeanne Antoinette was married to
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applying blush (portrait by François Boucher, 1758)
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2802:The Life of the Marquise de Pompadour in 3 minutes
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1625:. New York: Grove Press. pp. 9, 13, 115, 187.
1422:(as an adult) and Jessica Atkins (as a child) in "
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787:Built in the second half of the 17th century, the
708:Louis François Armand du Plessis, duc de Richelieu
2018:Deploige, Jeroen; Deneckere, Gita, eds. (2006).
809:The plan of the château, originally designed by
239:Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, Marquise de Pompadour
743:to the King, as well as an unconfirmed case of
2439:Pixley, Andrew (6 November 2006). "Episode 4:
1568:song "Personality", featuring the Pied Pipers.
1257:. Other actresses to have played her include:
996:manuscript room by art historian Susan Wager.
772:The consecration and the château de Saint-Ouen
673:), the characters of Mangogul and Mirzoza are
2022:. : Amsterdam University Press. p. 153.
1243:. A biopic came out three years later called
759:were unsuccessful. Furthermore, in 1750 the
382:Charles François Paul Le Normant de Tournehem
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2720:Madame de Pompadour: Sex, Culture and Power
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2445:Doctor Who Magazine – Series Two Companion
2007:. Paris: Et. Ledoux et Tenré. p. 371.
1834:Hooper-Hamersley, The Hunt,71 and Levron,
1564:She is mentioned in the first line of the
643:, her own doctor) which paved the way for
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2727:Madame de Pompadour: Images of a Mistress
2394:. New York Review of Books. p. 272.
1941:. New York Review of Books. p. 213.
1899:official website. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
1742:Madame De Pompadour: Images of a Mistress
490:to celebrate the marriage of the Dauphin
2659:Encyclopedia of Hair: A Cultural History
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574:Wenzel Anton, Prince of Kaunitz-Rietberg
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2707:Madame de Pompadour: Mistress of France
2663:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp.
2614:. Diamond Rocks (London). 14 March 2014
2193:Rococo: The Continuing Curve, 1730–2008
1729:Madame de Pompadour: Mistress of France
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1120:Offering to the God Terme (or Terminus)
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414:Charles Guillaume Le Normant d'Étiolles
153:Charles Guillaume le Normant d'Étiolles
2812:Madame de Pompadour at Waddesdon Manor
2544:. Psychology Press, 2003, pp. 269–80,
2388:Amanda Foreman, Nancy Mitford (2001).
1935:Amanda Foreman, Nancy Mitford (2001).
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27:Chief mistress of Louis XV (1721–1764)
2874:18th-century deaths from tuberculosis
2568:. Taylor & Francis. p. 338.
1623:Madame de Pompadour Mistree of France
1442:Jeanne Poisson, marquise de Pompadour
1188:Love at Peace in the Reign of Justice
280:
7:
2590:"Henri Matisse. Madame de Pompadour"
1825:(London: Allen and Unwin, 1963), 29.
1756:
1754:
1748:(Lanham: Lexington Books, 2011), 62.
1616:
1614:
1612:
1548:was named after Madame de Pompadour.
2003:Jean François, de La Harpe (1817).
1731:(New York: Grove Press, 2003), 8–9.
1718:, Fayard, Paris (1989), pp. 493–95.
1492:, kept the colour and the nickname.
739:, spitting blood, headaches, three
647:'s theories. She also defended the
2612:"History of Marquise Cut Diamonds"
2592:. Los Angeles County Museum of Art
2238:Posner, "Mme. de Pompadour", 74–6.
2205:Younger, Fletcher William (1897).
2164:Mitford, Madame de Pompadour, 190.
2140:"Site officiel du musee du Louvre"
2116:Hooper-Hamersley, "The Hunt", 121.
1621:Algrant, Christine Pevitt (2002).
1606:(London: Philip Wilson, 1999), 45.
1474:56th (West Essex) Regiment of Foot
849:Patron and participant in the arts
25:
2378:Pevitt, Madame de Pompadour, 225.
2248:Stein, Perrin (10 January 2013).
2208:Bookbinding in England and France
2173:Pevitt, Madame de Pompadour, 159.
1225:Portrayals in film and television
595:in 1757, and eventually lost the
426:Alexandrine Le Normant d'Étiolles
181:Charles Guillaume Louis (1741–42)
32:Madame Pompadour (disambiguation)
2826:
2689:"Libretto – Pique Dame – KAREOL"
1179:
1162:
1145:
1128:
1111:
1094:
1077:
1060:
949:Mme de Pompadour at Her Toilette
919:and other semi-precious stones.
580:. This was the beginning of the
243:
214:
80:
2297:Graphic Art of the 18th Century
2273:Jacobs, Rachel (2 March 2018).
2182:Posner, "Mme de Pompadour", 74.
1877:Hooper-Hamersley, The Hunt, 89.
973:Madame de Pompadour created 52
911:, who taught her to engrave in
880:Directeur Général des Bâtiments
857:Madame de Pompadour, pastel by
602:au reste, après nous, le Déluge
572:In 1755, she was approached by
164:
2542:Operetta: A Theatrical History
2275:"Beautiful books and bindings"
1976:"Chp.16—Patroness of the Arts"
1171:Love Sacrificing to Friendship
700:and a pun on her family name,
630:Britain's victories in the war
1:
2899:Tuberculosis deaths in France
2211:. Рипол Классик. p. 70.
1253:, in which she was played by
1035:Rothschild collection, Louvre
1009:Walters Art Museum, Baltimore
937:Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild
496:Infanta Maria Teresa of Spain
297:, was a member of the French
2792:The real Madame de Pompadour
2767:Works by Madame de Pompadour
2756:(4 volumes, 1992); 4:1646–53
2729:(2002), by a leading scholar
2447:(Special Edition 14): 44–50.
1291:Remontons les Champs-Élysées
2705:Algrant, Christine Pevitt.
1980:Madame de Pompadour: A Life
1868:(Stroud: Sutton, 2002), 44.
1849:Madame de Pompadour: a Life
1334:Royal Affairs in Versailles
884:porcelain factory at Sèvres
605:" ("Besides, after us, the
486:held on 25 February at the
2920:
2655:Sherrow, Victoria (2006).
2346:Eighteenth-Century Studies
1982:. Macmillan. p. 176.
1961:Herman, Sex with Kings, 9.
1537:According to legend, the "
1025:Boston Museum of Fine Arts
859:Maurice Quentin de La Tour
681:. Pompadour had a copy of
343:. She was a patron of the
29:
2879:18th-century French women
2441:The Girl in the Fireplace
1797:French Historical Studies
1573:The Girl in the Fireplace
1424:The Girl in the Fireplace
1154:Love Presenting a Bouquet
1030:Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal
836:Historical misconceptions
620:, the suppression of the
93:Jeanne Antoinette Poisson
58:
48:
2776:Madame de Pompadour site
635:Pompadour protected the
130:Paris, Kingdom of France
2904:French royal favourites
2869:Marquesses of Pompadour
2786:Encyclopædia Britannica
2741:excerpt and text search
2711:excerpt and text search
2312:The Burlington Magazine
1892:8 November 2014 at the
1695:Mitford, Nancy (2001).
1639:(4 vol 1992); 4:1646–53
1515:and book and lyrics by
1439:Hélène de Fougerolles (
1430:science fiction series
1207:François-Hubert Drouais
901:François-Hubert Drouais
897:Jean-Baptiste Réveillon
659:Jean le Rond d'Alembert
639:school (its leader was
557:Madame de Pompadour as
404:Jeanne Antoinette at a
372:Jean Pâris de Monmartel
301:. She was the official
2864:Mistresses of Louis XV
2752:Moncure, James A. ed.
2295:Adhemar, Jean (1964).
1635:James A. Moncure, ed.
1604:Great Women Collectors
1527:, where it opened the
1209:
1052:
1038:Bibliothèque de Troyes
985:, which in English is
963:History of the Stuarts
870:
735:, recurring colds and
723:
663:Christophe de Beaumont
626:Treaty of Paris (1763)
569:
515:
409:
374:or the tax collector (
331:Pompadour was a major
2889:Socialites from Paris
2636:. Madame de Pompadour
2634:"Madame de Pompadour"
2514:(27 September 1985).
2486:(paperback). London:
2424:. E. Howell. p.
2416:Ramage, Craufurd Tait
2358:10.1353/ecs.2003.0062
1897:Château de Versailles
1887:"Madame de Pompadour"
1551:In the second act of
1488:. Its successor, the
1426:", an episode of the
1408:Hélène de Fougerolles
1219:Couvent des Capucines
1204:
1045:
876:Abel-François Poisson
856:
789:château de Saint-Ouen
766:Jean Baptiste Pigalle
721:
683:Les bijoux indiscrets
671:The Indiscreet Jewels
667:Les bijoux indiscrets
582:Diplomatic Revolution
556:
509:
502:Introduction to court
455:Bernard de Fontenelle
403:
206:Madeleine de La Motte
140:Couvent des Capucines
67:Charles-André van Loo
1497:"coupe de champagne"
830:Ange-Jacques Gabriel
578:Treaty of Versailles
488:Palace of Versailles
480:Maria Anne de Mailly
443:Charles Pinot Duclos
432:Attendance of salons
335:of architecture and
2884:Nobility from Paris
2849:Madame de Pompadour
2781:Madame de Pompadour
2737:Madame De Pompadour
2391:Madame de Pompadour
2105:Madame De Pompadour
1938:Madame de Pompadour
1864:Margaret Crosland,
1853:Madame de Pompadour
1697:Madame de Pompadour
1558:The Queen of Spades
1546:Pompadour hairstyle
1529:Martin Beck Theatre
1394:Il giovane Casanova
461:, Montesquieu, the
295:Madame de Pompadour
43:Madame de Pompadour
2894:French art patrons
2716:Crosland, Margaret
2072:(1): 74–105 (81).
2050:Hooper-Hamersley,
1908:Hooper-Hamersley,
1808:Hooper-Hamersley,
1799:19:4 (1996): 1027.
1727:Christine Pevitt,
1467:In popular culture
1353:Le Courrier du roy
1310:Monsieur Beaucaire
1240:Monsieur Beaucaire
1210:
1053:
994:Walters Art Museum
871:
724:
714:Friend of the King
614:Cardinal de Bernis
593:Battle of Rossbach
570:
516:
463:Cardinal de Bernis
410:
282:[pɔ̃paduʁ]
185:Alexandrine Jeanne
2771:Project Gutenberg
2521:The Straight Dope
2497:978-0-00-653152-4
2329:Stamberg, Susan.
2259:978-1-58839-498-9
2218:978-1-141-52870-7
2129:50:3 (1968): 248.
2103:, 119 and Colin,
1763:The Hudson Review
1235:Rudolph Valentino
977:, of drawings by
909:gemstone engraver
903:. She patronized
889:Jean-Marc Nattier
597:American colonies
566:Jean-Marc Nattier
539:Marie Leszczyńska
535:Princess of Conti
322:Marie Leszczyńska
313:until her death.
236:
235:
114:Kingdom of France
16:(Redirected from
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1504:Madame Pompadour
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1476:, a unit of the
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1383:Madame Pompadour
1372:Madame Pompadour
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891:, in the 1750s
878:in the post of
861:, shown at the
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2725:Jones, Colin.
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678:
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653:, edited by
650:Encyclopédie
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447:Montesquieu
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187:(1744–1754)
2843:Categories
2562:Bloom, Ken
1586:References
1578:Doctor Who
1452:, TV 2006)
1433:Doctor Who
1221:in Paris.
1015:, New York
1013:Met Museum
956:engravings
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694:mazarinade
675:allegories
645:Adam Smith
624:, and the
521:marquisate
370:financier
365:Early life
223:Occupation
105:1721-12-29
2833:Biography
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2224:25 August
2101:Pompadour
1912:, 99–100.
1836:Pompadour
1823:Pompadour
1714:Antoine,
1555:'s opera
1486:underwear
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