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were sufficient to have killed her, as her wounds developed an infection that reached her lungs and kidneys. Stephenson's attorney claimed
Oberholtzer had committed suicide, saying the rapist could not have anticipated her behavior. The prosecution countered to the effect that, based on medical testimony, prompt medical attention might have saved her life. During closing statements, prosecutor Charles Cox decried Stephenson as a "destroyer of virtue and womanhood". He said he wanted all three men to be found guilty of first degree murder:
318:, leaving a message to call him before he left. Oberholtzer called Stephenson, who told her he would try to protect the Reading Circle program and her job if she agreed to see him. She changed into a black velvet dress, and a bodyguard she identified as "Mr. Gentry" (his name was Earl Gentry) arrived and escorted her to Stephenson's mansion a few blocks away. When she arrived, Stephenson, Gentry, and another bodyguard Oberholtzer identified as "Clenck" took her into the kitchen and forced her to drink
179:, but she dropped out at the end of her junior year without saying why. Throughout her life, she lived with her parents in Irvington. By the time she met Stephenson, Oberholtzer was the manager of the Indiana Young People's Reading Circle, a special section of the Indiana Department of Public Instruction. However, she heard rumors that her job and the Reading Circle program were about to be eliminated due to budget cuts.
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296:'s inauguration party at the Athletic Club in Indianapolis on January 12, 1925. In her dying statement, Oberholtzer claimed he asked her for a date several times after the banquet, but she refused; she eventually agreed and they had dinner together. Following that date, Stephenson called Oberholtzer on the phone several times. She finally agreed to meet him for dinner at the
471:. He had been living as a boarder with a woman named Carrie Gill for eight years. Carl Church, also known as George Slim King, confessed to having killed him after being paid $ 60 to do so by Gill. Church said he took Gentry "for a ride" and executed him gangland style. In his confession, he said he did not regret killing Gentry, who had been known as "Jefferson County's
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rejected
Stephenson's appeal. This case is still taught in law schools as showing an enlargement of the causal relationships that define homicide. The jury was later found to have been divided on Stephenson's fate. Four jurors had wanted him to be found guilty of first degree murder and executed. The
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tablets. Oberholtzer returned to her room but, still weakened from the wounds
Stephenson had inflicted on her, only managed to swallow three tablets. She vomited blood throughout the remainder of the day. Stephenson insisted that he would not take her to a hospital unless she agreed to go to a nearby
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to her mother, saying she had decided to go to
Chicago with him. While Stephenson was sleeping, Oberholtzer grabbed his revolver to kill herself but changed her mind, fearing it would dishonor her mother. Instead, she decided to commit suicide by taking poison. The next morning, Oberholtzer convinced
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Gentry had repeatedly been arrested for various charges. He had once got angry at a drinking companion's remarks and stabbed him to death. However, every time, he was released after none of the witnesses were willing to testify against him out of fear for potential reprisals. In this regard, Church
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Several days later, Church pleaded guilty to first degree murder and was sentenced to life in prison. In
October 1934, a jury acquitted Gill of murder. In 1935, her brother, Ferdinand, pleaded guilty to being an accessory to murder for helping bury the body and was fined $ 100. In 1942, Church had
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on April 3, 1925 on charges of rape, kidnapping, assault and battery with intent to murder, and malicious mayhem. Earl Gentry and Earl Klinck were charged with first degree murder and conspiracy to commit kidnapping. The doctor who had examined
Oberholtzer testified that the injuries she received
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Oberholtzer said the men took her to the garage and forced her into
Stephenson's car. Before they left, Stephenson told Clenck to stay behind and tell his associate, Claude Worley, that he was going to Chicago for a business meeting. When they reached the railroad station, Stephenson and Gentry
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forced
Oberholtzer onto Stephenson's private train to Chicago. No sooner had they entered the train's compartment coach than Stephenson grabbed the bottom of her dress and pulled it over her head. He then grabbed her hands, tore off the rest of her clothes, pushed her into the lower bed, and
311:. Using her Reading Circle connections, Oberholtzer intended to help Stephenson sell the book to school libraries throughout the state. She ended their relationship after attending a party at his mansion. They did not meet again until Sunday, March 15.
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her repeatedly. He also bit her all over her body; an examination later revealed deep bite wounds on her face, neck, breasts, back, legs, ankles, and tongue. Oberholtzer, still intoxicated and unable to resist, eventually passed out.
151:. However, Oberholtzer regained consciousness long enough to give a signed statement to police. She described Stephenson's assaults, which led to his conviction at trial and the rapid decline of KKK membership in Indiana.
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During the time I was working for Carrie I knew that Earl Gentry was mistreating her and she had black eyes on various occasions. This I didn't like as she was extremely good to me and treated me like my own
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Oberholtzer's parents immediately called a doctor, but nothing could be done to save her. On March 28, Oberholtzer explained what had happened to her in a signed statement. She died on April 14, 1925, from a
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with a Ku Klux Klan card. Klinck was found guilty of being an accessory before the fact to the false attesting of an affidavit. He was sentenced to one to three years in prison and fined $ 100.
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In 1928, Klinck was arrested on charges of forging the name of fellow
Klansman William Rogers in a false affidavit claiming that several men had paid Rogers to testify that he saw Senator
427:, and membership dropped by the tens of thousands. The scandal destroyed the Klan in Indiana, and in the following two years, the KKK lost more than 178,000 members, nearly disappearing.
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chapel and marry him; however, he panicked and ordered Shorty to drive them back to
Indianapolis. When he was asked what had happened, a bodyguard said she had been in a car accident.
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Following the suicide attempt, Stephenson's men returned Oberholtzer to her home, assuming her injuries would soon prove fatal and believing their influential leader was immune to any
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About 10:00 pm on March 15, Oberholtzer returned home after an evening with a friend. Her mother told her that Stephenson's secretary had called and said he was leaving for
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on December 15, and was ordered by the court in 1951 to serve another ten years. He was paroled on December 22, 1956, on the condition that he leave Indiana and never return.
464:, which helped destroy the Klan in Indiana and nationwide. By February 1928, Indiana Klan rosters had dropped to just 4,000, from a peak of more than 250,000 members in 1925.
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350:, where the three checked into the Indiana Hotel. Stephenson forced Oberholtzer to say that she was his wife so they could share the same room. He forced her to write a
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and payments from the Klan, prompting an investigation by the newspaper. The state of Indiana finally indicted several high-ranking officials, including Governor
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others wanted to find him guilty of second degree murder or manslaughter. Eventually, they compromised with a conviction for second degree murder.
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He should have been killed a long time ago. I'm glad I did it I'd do it again. I got a million dollars worth of satisfaction out of removing him.
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Stephenson to contact his chauffeur, Ernest "Shorty" DeFriese, and tell him to come to the hotel so she could purchase a black silk hat.
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Upon waking, Oberholtzer confronted Stephenson and said, "The law will get their hands on you!" Because Stephenson's connections to the
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on March 23, 1950, but he violated the conditions of his parole by disappearing around September 25 of that year. He was captured in
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Madge: The life and times of Madge Oberholtzer, the young Irvington woman who brought down D.C. Stephenson and the Ku Klux Klan
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Madge: The life and times of Madge Oberholtzer, the young Irvington woman who brought down D.C. Stephenson and the Ku Klux Klan
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Madge: The life and times of Madge Oberholtzer, the young Irvington woman who brought down D.C. Stephenson and the Ku Klux Klan
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Madge: The life and times of Madge Oberholtzer, the young Irvington woman who brought down D.C. Stephenson and the Ku Klux Klan
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Madge: The life and times of Madge Oberholtzer, the young Irvington woman who brought down D.C. Stephenson and the Ku Klux Klan
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Madge: The life and times of Madge Oberholtzer, the young Irvington woman who brought down D.C. Stephenson and the Ku Klux Klan
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Madge: The Life and Times of Madge Oberholtzer, the Young Irvington Woman Who Took Down D. C. Stephenson and the Ku Klux Klan
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The two began seeing each other more frequently, and Oberholtzer acted as Stephenson's aide during the 1925 session of the
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a 16-year-old girl, but the charges were dropped on grounds of insufficient evidence. He died five years later.
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851:"Indianapolis Times 11 June 1928 โ Hoosier State Chronicles: Indiana's Digital Historic Newspaper Program"
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A Fever in the Heartland: The Ku Klux Klan's Plot to Take Over America, and the Woman Who Stopped Them
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The brutal attack on Oberholtzer so outraged most members of the Indiana Klan that entire lodges quit
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the law in Indiana." Gentry and Stephenson dressed Oberholtzer and told her they would be stopping in
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woman whose rape and murder played a critical role in the demise of the second incarnation of the
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until she became sick. The three men then took her upstairs, and Stephenson took a
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885:. Indianapolis: Irivington Historical Society Press. pp. 363โ369.
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1024:"The Bully Gets a Bullet in His Brain - HistoricalCrimeDetective.com"
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poisoning, which she took while held captive in an attempt to commit
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The jury found Stephenson guilty of second degree murder, rape, and
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Upon purchasing the hat, Oberholtzer asked Shorty to drive her to a
695:""Murder Wasn't Very Pretty": The Rise and Fall of D.C. Stephenson"
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from a dresser drawer and forced her to approach him at gunpoint.
804:. Indianapolis: Irvington Historical Society Press. p. 182.
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gave him tremendous political power, he laughed and replied, "I
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These men should be sent to the electric chair, the scaffold...
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said he had performed a service for society by killing Gentry:
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Grand Dragon: D.C. Stephenson and the Ku Klux Klan in Indiana
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and tortured her. Oberholtzer died from a combination of a
124:. Holding her captive in his private train car, Stephenson
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on an adult literacy campaign, Oberholtzer was abducted by
1187:"D. C. Stephenson Collection, 1922-1978, Collection Guide"
599:, hosted at University of Missouri Law School, Kansas City
456:. Other local officials resigned when facing charges. The
1192:. Indiana Historical Society. 1997-10-20. Archived from
948:. Irvington Historical Society Press. pp. 371โ381.
754:. Irvington Historical Society Press. pp. 141โ153.
726:. Irvington Historical Society Press. pp. 199โ207.
1168:. Indianapolis, IN: Irvington Historical Society, 2021.
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In July 1934, Earl Gentry, 47, was shot and killed in
779:. Irvington Historical Society Press. p. 166.
217:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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79:
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1182:, New York & London: Garland Publishing, 1991.
1118:"DC Stephenson Guilty of Assault on Missouri Girl"
100:(November 10, 1896 – April 14, 1925) was an
440:, giving the names of officials who had accepted
1217:"STEPHENSON v. STATE - Supreme Court of Indiana"
108:. In March 1925, while working for the state of
1299:Deaths from kidney failure in the United States
1175:. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press.
8:
972:. Indiana Historical Society. Archived from
826:"Trial of trio not to be held before May 25"
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1219:, State University of New York at Buffalo
1069:"Carrie Gill Is Freed of Slaying Charges"
277:Learn how and when to remove this message
1044:"Shot gentry painter says when captured"
645:"Dying Declaration of Madge Oberholtzer"
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586:
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970:"D.C. Stephenson Collection, 1922-1978"
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494:his life sentence commuted by Governor
1178:Newton, Michael, and Judy Ann Newton;
163:parents, Madge Oberholtzer grew up in
1274:20th-century American women educators
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1294:Deaths from staphylococcal infection
944:Ottinger, Charlotte Halsema (2021).
909:, 205 Ind. 141, 179 N.E. 633 (1932).
881:Ottinger, Charlotte Halsema (2021).
800:Ottinger, Charlotte Halsema (2021).
775:Ottinger, Charlotte Halsema (2021).
750:Ottinger, Charlotte Halsema (2021).
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722:Ottinger, Charlotte Halsema (2021).
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523:In 1961, Stephenson was arrested in
215:adding citations to reliable sources
593:Daniel O. Linder, "D.C. Stephenson"
569:List of solved missing person cases
460:investigation revealed widespread
16:American murder victim (1896โ1925)
14:
1354:1925 murders in the United States
1319:Violence against women in Indiana
1284:American people of German descent
1180:The Ku Klux Klan: An Encyclopedia
544:portrayed Oberholtzer in the TV
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1329:Missing person cases in Indiana
1304:Deaths by heavy metal poisoning
1269:20th-century American educators
202:needs additional citations for
366:. She bought an entire box of
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1164:Ottinger, Charlotte Halsema.
535:Representation in other media
383:from the mercury poisoning.
1369:Victims of the Ku Klux Klan
1344:Schoolteachers from Indiana
309:One Hundred Years of Health
98:Madge Augustine Oberholtzer
74:Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.
42:Madge Augustine Oberholtzer
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1339:People murdered in Indiana
1254:1920s missing person cases
1073:The Rhinelander Daily News
1324:Kidnapped American people
1098:newspapers.library.in.gov
855:newspapers.library.in.gov
28:
1334:People from Indianapolis
1289:American torture victims
1211:"Ku Klux Klan Resources"
527:at age 70 on charges of
305:Indiana General Assembly
183:Chronology of the murder
130:staphylococcal infection
1364:Ku Klux Klan in Indiana
1314:Formerly missing people
1279:American murder victims
1213:, Indiana State Library
1124:. 1961-11-17. p. 1
1075:. 1934-10-13. p. 1
1050:. 1934-07-05. p. 1
1002:. 1934-07-05. p. 1
926:. 1925-11-16. p. 1
832:. 1925-04-17. p. 1
1171:Lutholtz, M. William.
1146:Egan, Timothy (2023).
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1309:Female murder victims
1122:The Indianapolis Star
1000:Stevens Point Journal
924:The Indianapolis Star
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410:Indiana Supreme Court
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379:from the bites, plus
699:Smithsonian Magazine
469:Jefferson, Wisconsin
462:political corruption
448:and the head of the
211:improve this article
907:Stephenson v. State
564:List of kidnappings
529:sexually assaulting
226:"Madge Oberholtzer"
80:Cause of death
1349:Suicides by poison
1048:The Kokomo Tribune
976:on 8 February 2010
655:on 29 January 2012
473:Public Enemy No. 1
437:Indianapolis Times
1230:Madge Oberholtzer
811:978-1-880788-58-5
786:978-1-880788-58-5
761:978-1-880788-58-5
733:978-1-880788-58-5
446:Edward L. Jackson
368:mercuric chloride
294:Edward L. Jackson
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23:Madge Oberholtzer
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1201:. Retrieved
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118:Grand Dragon
106:Ku Klux Klan
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1259:1925 deaths
1249:1896 births
1150:. Penguin.
980:20 February
704:28 February
659:28 February
518:Minneapolis
149:prosecution
1243:Categories
1203:2012-11-02
1128:2023-11-26
1103:2023-12-27
1079:2023-12-27
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860:2023-12-27
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575:References
546:miniseries
542:Mel Harris
500:California
406:kidnapping
237:newspapers
155:Early life
48:1896-11-10
525:Tennessee
430:Denied a
417:Aftermath
177:Irvington
558:See also
540:Actress
424:en masse
393:indicted
360:druggist
352:telegram
324:revolver
291:Governor
159:Born to
102:American
83:Homicide
553:(1989).
514:paroled
480:mother.
348:Hammond
320:whiskey
316:Chicago
251:scholar
169:zoology
142:suicide
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387:Trial
364:rouge
332:raped
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