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The pine–oak woodlands are home to one-quarter of Mexico's plant species, and Mexico is home to 44 of the 110 species of pine and over 135 species of oak, over 28% of the world's oak species.
94:. Woodland areas were isolated from one another and from the pine–oak woodlands of the Sierra Madre Occidental to the south by the warming and drying of the climate since the 1st century CE.
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estimates the woodlands' original area at 461,265 km. The woodlands are surrounded at lower elevations by other
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recognizes several distinct
Madrean pine–oak woodlands ecoregions, based on geographic distribution and species mix.
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Plant species descended from Madro-Tertiary flora, Madrean ancestor species, are an important element of the
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extend along the Sierra Madre
Oriental ranges of Texas and Mexico, from mountaintop enclaves in west
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The
Madrean pine–oak woodlands are found at higher elevations in Mexico's major mountain ranges, the
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271:). The trees generally occur in mixed stands, though monospecific stands are sometimes found.
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Sierra Madre
Occidental Pine-Oak Forests images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu
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Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests of the United States
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179:". The major Madrean "sky island" ranges in Arizona are the
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extend along the Sierra Madre
Occidental range from the
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Madrean Pine-Oak
Woodlands (Conservation International)
441:"Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests"
163:
There are also approximately 27 enclaves in southern
300:
Sierra Juárez and San Pedro Mártir pine–oak forests
239:The pine–oak woodlands are composed of stands of
203:, and Tumacacori Highlands. In New Mexico, the
499:"Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests"
8:
465:"Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak woodlands"
396:Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine–oak forests
544:Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests
63:tropical and subtropical coniferous forests
34:Distribution of Madrean pine–oak woodlands.
324:in the southern Baja California peninsula.
211:, which extend into Texas, as well as the
27:Subtropical woodlands in the US and Mexico
523:"Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests"
219:, are also forested Madrean sky islands.
644:Natural history of the Peninsular Ranges
477:"Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests"
328:Sierra Madre Occidental pine–oak forests
111:Pines and oaks coexist in the Nealtican
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511:"Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests"
406:Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine–oak forests
453:"Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests"
362:Sierra Madre Oriental pine–oak forests
549:Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
401:Sierra Madre del Sur pine–oak forests
285:Madrean pine–oak woodlands ecoregions
67:temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
7:
318:Sierra de la Laguna pine–oak forests
564:Madrean Sky Islands mountain ranges
279:California chaparral and woodlands
226:Madrean pine–oak woodlands in the
86:, mostly tropical and subtropical
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654:Ecoregions of the United States
175:, where they are known as the "
1:
604:Flora of Southwestern Mexico
599:Flora of Northwestern Mexico
594:Flora of Northeastern Mexico
88:deserts and xeric shrublands
639:Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt
137:Trans-Mexican volcanic belt
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308:Sierra de San Pedro Mártir
80:Conservation International
55:southwestern United States
49:found in the mountains of
40:Madrean pine–oak woodlands
18:Madrean pine-oak woodlands
312:Baja California peninsula
153:Baja California Peninsula
609:Flora of Southern Mexico
584:Flora of Baja California
193:Santa Catalina Mountains
629:Sierra Madre Occidental
614:Sierra Madre de Chiapas
589:Flora of Central Mexico
310:ranges of the northern
129:Sierra Madre Occidental
674:Neotropical ecoregions
619:Sierra Madre de Oaxaca
529:. World Wildlife Fund.
527:Terrestrial Ecoregions
517:. World Wildlife Fund.
515:Terrestrial Ecoregions
505:. World Wildlife Fund.
503:Terrestrial Ecoregions
483:. World Wildlife Fund.
481:Terrestrial Ecoregions
471:. World Wildlife Fund.
469:Terrestrial Ecoregions
459:. World Wildlife Fund.
457:Terrestrial Ecoregions
447:. World Wildlife Fund.
445:Terrestrial Ecoregions
332:Rio Grande de Santiago
231:
228:Sierra Madre de Oaxaca
145:Sierra Madre de Oaxaca
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634:Sierra Madre Oriental
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133:Sierra Madre Oriental
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624:Sierra Madre del Sur
554:Ecoregions of Mexico
423:Ecoregions of Mexico
205:Sacramento Mountains
201:Santa Rita Mountains
185:Chiricahua Mountains
141:Sierra Madre del Sur
59:biogeographic region
669:Nearctic ecoregions
664:Flora of New Mexico
322:Sierra de la Laguna
291:World Wildlife Fund
209:Guadalupe Mountains
177:Madrean sky islands
159:Madrean sky islands
492:slow modem version
418:Conifers of Mexico
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189:Pinaleño Mountains
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574:Forests of Mexico
181:Dragoon Mountains
149:Peninsular Ranges
16:(Redirected from
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659:Flora of Arizona
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304:Sierra de Juárez
217:Chisos Mountains
197:Rincon Mountains
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569:Flora of Mexico
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171:and in western
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117:Tianguismanalco
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559:Madrean Region
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429:External links
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74:North America
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98:Distribution
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281:ecoregion.
261:Pseudotsuga
257:douglas-fir
44:subtropical
538:Categories
390:Guanajuato
378:Nuevo León
374:Tamaulipas
169:New Mexico
92:grasslands
84:ecoregions
386:Querétaro
356:Chihuahua
230:, México.
47:woodlands
412:See also
370:Coahuila
368:through
53:and the
348:Durango
344:Sinaloa
340:Nayarit
336:Jalisco
320:of the
302:of the
245:Quercus
165:Arizona
151:of the
113:Malpaís
61:of the
354:, and
352:Sonora
263:) and
147:, the
143:, the
139:, the
135:, the
131:, the
121:Puebla
103:Mexico
70:biomes
51:Mexico
366:Texas
269:Abies
253:Pinus
235:Flora
173:Texas
388:and
306:and
289:The
249:pine
215:and
207:and
167:and
65:and
42:are
38:The
265:fir
255:),
247:),
241:oak
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