589:
40:
1928:
1282:
264:
365:
531:(1584), which proposed a formalisation of Scottish prosody and consciously strove to identify what was distinctive in the Scots tradition. The removal of the Court to London under James after 1603 is usually regarded as marking the eclipse of the distinctively Scottish tradition of poetry initiated by the Makars, but figures such as
631:
was announced as the third holder of this post in 2016. Before Kay was appointed, it was suggested that the role might now only be referred to as the
National Poet for Scotland, because of concerns that the word makar had to be explained outside of Scotland. Kay states that she argued for retaining
399:
also survives along with evidence that suggests the existence of a substantial body of lost work. The quality of extant work generally, both minor and major, demonstrates a thriving poetic tradition in
Scotland throughout the period.
542:. While Chaucer's influence on fifteenth-century Scottish literature was certainly important, the makars drew strongly on a native tradition predating Chaucer, exemplified by Barbour, as well as the courtly literature of France.
1117:
360:
traditions; but one characteristic of poetry by the Makars is that features from all of these various traditions, such as strong alliteration and swift narration, continued to be a distinctive influence.
89:
164:
Since 2002, the term "makar" has been revived as the name for a publicly funded poet, first in
Edinburgh, followed by the cities of Glasgow, Stirling and Dundee. In 2004 the position of
1286:
739:
978:
1668:
1297:
545:
In the more general application of the term which is current today the word can be applied to poets of the Scots revival in the eighteenth century, such as
454:
Qualities in verse especially prized by many of these writers included the combination of skilful artifice with natural diction, concision and quickness (
1171:
375:
The first of the Makars proper in this sense, although perhaps the least Scots due to his education predominantly in captivity at the
English court in
1867:
648:, Scotland's capital, instituted a post of makar, known as the Edinburgh Makar. Each term lasts for three years and the first three incumbents were
451:
of makars, not exclusively
Scottish, some of whom are now only known through his mention, further indicative of the wider extent to the tradition.
1708:
1703:
1307:
336:
and similar to the route which
Chaucer followed in England. Their work is usually distinguished from the work of earlier Scottish writers such as
1302:
1693:
1344:
51:, now in ruins: one of Scotland's key buildings in the classic period of the Makars and a possible presence in some of Dunbar's spiritual works
1030:
1962:
1862:
908:
952:
1698:
1590:
1464:
512:
1610:
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165:
1661:
511:, still drew strongly on the work of fifteenth and early sixteenth century exponents. This influence can be traced right through to
371:; built in the century of the makars, the famed intricacy of its carving shares much in spirit with the aureation in their language.
303:
882:
1216:
829:
553:. In recent times, other examples of poets that have seemed to particularly exemplify the traditions of the makars have included
1519:
532:
285:
588:
210:
1713:
799:
468:
1908:
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1145:
854:
488:
Some of the Makars, such as Dunbar, also featured an increasing incorporation of
Latinate terms into Scots prosody, or
1972:
1847:
1764:
345:
1852:
1821:
1524:
1509:
1443:
1337:
274:
1816:
443:. This was also the period when use of Scots in poetry was at its most richly and successfully aureate. Dunbar's
1967:
1842:
1504:
316:
The work of the Makar of the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries was in part marked out by an adoption in
1957:
1749:
1734:
1560:
1448:
597:
1092:
748:
Makar is a New York indie rock band formed in 2002 by singer/songwriters Mark
Purnell and Andrea DeAngelis.
1857:
1744:
1555:
1484:
463:
281:
33:
1074:
1952:
1469:
1418:
1330:
524:
396:
1292:
1759:
1600:
1575:
558:
435:(1513), the first full and faithful translation of an important work of classical antiquity into any
422:
352:
verse in octosyllabic couplets and it also perhaps marked something of a departure from the medieval
143:
44:
39:
1785:
1677:
1620:
1585:
1540:
1377:
1367:
616:
612:
562:
546:
528:
380:
337:
169:
154:
96:
1034:
1883:
1795:
1494:
1382:
1118:"Alan Spence – new Edinburgh Makar | Literature Alliance Scotland | Caidreabhas Litreachais Alba"
1093:"Award-winning poet and playwright is new Edinburgh Makar | Museums and Galleries of Edinburgh |"
520:
912:
692:
926:
1903:
1888:
1790:
1489:
1387:
669:
1913:
1898:
1892:
1811:
1595:
1580:
1545:
1438:
765:
700:
550:
325:
233:
158:
118:
has been specifically used to refer to a number of poets of fifteenth and sixteenth century
63:
1932:
1754:
1514:
1413:
1392:
803:
725:
653:
457:
436:
415:
388:
123:
1197:
406:, who is generally seen today as one of the foremost makars, is not known to have been a
1739:
1635:
1570:
1565:
1499:
1479:
1474:
1423:
633:
593:
566:
554:
516:
493:
426:
368:
229:
225:
135:
127:
833:
1946:
1826:
1433:
1428:
752:
721:
661:
620:
604:
508:
205:
131:
1625:
1550:
775:
708:
680:
649:
624:
384:
353:
237:
180:
139:
886:
1769:
1408:
1131:
1056:
688:
665:
504:
500:
411:
263:
108:
1317:
1132:"Word on Street: Top Scottish writer Liz Lochhead is unveiled as Poet Laureate"
979:"Search for new national poet will dispense with 'lovely old Scots name' Makar"
796:
1630:
1281:
657:
628:
615:. The first appointment was made directly by the Parliament in that year when
535:
might loosely be seen as forming a continuation into the seventeenth century.
407:
392:
387:. Apart from other principal figures already named, writing by makars such as
317:
241:
48:
439:. Douglas is one of the first authors to explicitly identify his language as
1312:
1259:
1149:
1004:
645:
489:
364:
357:
349:
184:
153:. In modern usage, poets of the Scots revival in the 18th century, such as
492:, heightening the creative tensions between the ornate and the natural in
484:"That did in love so lively write, So short so quick, of sentence high..."
448:
696:
684:
507:
was not followed up in the subsequent century, but later makars, such as
403:
333:
321:
119:
1372:
676:
431:
341:
288: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1646:
885:(Press release). Scottish Government. 16 February 2004. Archived from
196:
32:
This article is about the
Scottish poetical term. For other uses, see
17:
704:
527:
and, once again, the king himself. The king composed a treatise, the
376:
201:
221:
478:
That did in luf so lifly write, So schort, so quyk, of sentence hie
414:, the city in which he was based, was one of the residences of the
751:
The
Edinburgh Makars is an Amateur Drama Group founded in 1932 by
587:
363:
329:
38:
770:
421:
A high point in cultural patronage was the Renaissance Court of
104:
100:
1650:
1326:
1322:
429:. The pinnacle in writing from this time was in fact Douglas's
755:, the well-known Scottish actress, broadcaster and playwright.
538:
The Makars have often been referred to by literary critics as
425:(1488–1513) now principally associated in literary terms with
257:
149:
The Makars have often been referred to by literary critics as
78:
619:
received the honour to become Scotland's first ever official
328:
current across Europe after the influence of such figures as
215:
1241:
72:
734:
is the name of a fictional character in the video game
462:) of expression. For example, Dunbar praises his peer,
228:
although it need not be exclusive to Scottish writers.
75:
1033:. Scottish Government. 15 March 2016. Archived from
872:
Oxford clarendon Press, 1958. (Introduction, p.xiii)
660:(2008, 2011). The current incumbent (as of 2021) is
632:
the Makar name, which is still used. In August 2021
224:". The term is normally applied to poets writing in
1876:
1835:
1804:
1778:
1722:
1686:
1609:
1533:
1457:
1401:
1360:
69:
66:
1057:"Kathleen Jamie announced as Scotland's new Makar"
636:was announced as the fourth holder of the post.
27:Term from Scottish literature for a poet or bard
499:The new plane of achievement set by Douglas in
1662:
1338:
857:Written in the Language of the Scottis Nation
668:. and Shetlandic dialect writer and advocate
8:
320:languages of the new and greater variety in
1217:"Dundee appoints WN Herbert as first makar"
927:"Liz Lochhead confirmed as new Scots Makar"
675:Other cities to create Makar posts include
476:
455:
245:
232:for instance referred to the English poets
189:
1669:
1655:
1647:
1345:
1331:
1323:
1289:, a poem by William Dunbar, at Wikisource
304:Learn how and when to remove this message
953:"Jackie Kay named as new Scottish makar"
830:"Scottish Literature: 1600 and All That"
787:
592:Nicola Sturgeon and the new 2021 Makar
1260:"Edinburgh Makars History of the Club"
194:) is the equivalent of Middle English
816:The Monk of Bery, and Gower, al thre.
664:. The previous Edinburgh makars were
383:(1394–1437) the likely author of the
7:
909:"ASLS: A National Poet for Scotland"
286:adding citations to reliable sources
1611:Makar or National Poet for Scotland
811:The noble Chaucer of makaris flour,
736:The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker
166:Makar or National Poet for Scotland
1215:Cowing, Emma (15 September 2013).
584:Makar (National Poet for Scotland)
25:
611:, was established in 2004 by the
114:Since the 19th century, the term
1926:
1280:
1097:literaturealliancescotland.co.uk
262:
62:
515:and the various members of the
273:needs additional citations for
623:. He was succeeded in 2011 by
1:
1079:Edinburgh City of Literature
1011:. 8 August 2020. BBC Radio 4
216:
1963:Scottish literary movements
1765:Scottish Gaelic Renaissance
1534:18th century – 20th century
523:(1567–1603) which included
379:, is generally taken to be
1989:
1525:John Stewart of Baldynneis
1510:Robert Sempill the younger
1444:John Stewart of Baldynneis
1146:"Magi is Stirling's Makar"
581:
410:, but the Royal Palace of
209:
200:. The word functions as a
31:
1922:
519:in the Scottish court of
204:(literal translation) of
168:, was authorized by the
107:, often thought of as a
1868:Science fiction writers
1735:Renaissance in Scotland
1561:Alicia Ann Spottiswoode
1264:www.edinburghmakars.com
603:A position of national
598:Scottish Poetry Library
477:
456:
246:
190:
183:
1556:Robert Louis Stevenson
1458:c. 1560 – 17th century
1287:Lament for the Makaris
1031:"Scotland's new Makar"
859:, p.64 (online source)
600:
445:Lament for the Makaris
372:
134:, who wrote a diverse
53:
34:Makar (disambiguation)
1470:Alexander Montgomerie
915:on 26 September 2008.
870:William Dunbar: Poems
591:
525:Alexander Montgomerie
367:
254:The Makars in history
142:in the period of the
42:
1760:Scottish Renaissance
1576:Sydney Goodsir Smith
1313:The Edinburgh Makars
1202:www.wordfringe.co.uk
644:In 2002 the City of
559:Sydney Goodsir Smith
447:(c.1505) contains a
282:improve this article
144:Northern Renaissance
45:St Andrews Cathedral
1933:Scotland portal
1863:Short story writers
1679:Scottish literature
1586:George Campbell Hay
1120:. 28 November 2017.
836:on 11 February 2012
613:Scottish Parliament
569:among many others.
563:George Campbell Hay
529:Reulis and Cautelis
170:Scottish Parliament
97:Scottish literature
1973:Middle Scots poets
1884:British literature
1495:Elizabeth Melville
1246:www.makarmusic.com
889:on 4 February 2012
802:2009-04-06 at the
601:
373:
54:
1940:
1939:
1904:Opera in Scotland
1889:Celtic literature
1644:
1643:
1490:Christian Lindsay
1402:c. 1460 – c. 1560
1388:Andrew of Wyntoun
1361:c. 1370 – c. 1460
1285:The full text of
1178:. 3 November 2022
1063:. 18 August 2021.
985:. 9 February 2016
933:. 19 January 2011
883:"The Scots Makar"
724:uses the word in
670:Christine De Luca
540:Scots Chaucerians
472:(ll.74-5) as one
314:
313:
306:
161:are also makars.
151:Scots Chaucerians
95:) is a term from
16:(Redirected from
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1931:
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1914:Welsh literature
1899:Irish literature
1877:Related articles
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1596:Hamish Henderson
1546:Robert Fergusson
1520:William Drummond
1439:Richard Maitland
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1176:Stirling Council
1172:"Stirling Makar"
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1148:. Archived from
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1075:"Meet the Makar"
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1037:on 15 March 2016
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832:. Archived from
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551:Robert Fergusson
533:William Drummond
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1414:Robert Henryson
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1383:Sir Gilbert Hay
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959:. 15 March 2016
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794:For example in
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762:
726:The Dream Songs
717:
654:Valerie Gillies
642:
640:The city Makars
609:The Scots Makar
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578:The Scots Makar
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513:Alexander Scott
437:Anglic language
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1636:Kathleen Jamie
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1568:
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1505:Robert Sempill
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1318:Makar Allmusic
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1275:External links
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1207:
1198:"Makar Making"
1189:
1163:
1152:on 6 June 2011
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634:Kathleen Jamie
594:Kathleen Jamie
582:Main article:
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576:
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571:
567:Norman MacCaig
555:Robert Garioch
517:Castalian Band
494:poetic diction
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427:William Dunbar
397:Walter Kennedy
369:Rosslyn Chapel
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132:Gavin Douglas
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59:
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41:
35:
30:
19:
1953:Scots Makars
1924:
1729:
1714:20th century
1709:19th century
1704:18th century
1699:Early modern
1626:Liz Lochhead
1621:Edwin Morgan
1551:Robert Burns
1541:Allan Ramsay
1368:John Barbour
1354:Scots makars
1353:
1298:Stewart Conn
1293:Edwin Morgan
1263:
1254:
1245:
1236:
1224:. Retrieved
1220:
1210:
1201:
1192:
1180:. Retrieved
1175:
1166:
1154:. Retrieved
1150:the original
1140:
1126:
1112:
1100:. Retrieved
1096:
1087:
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1069:
1060:
1051:
1039:. Retrieved
1035:the original
1025:
1013:. Retrieved
1008:
1005:"Jackie Kay"
999:
987:. Retrieved
982:
973:
961:. Retrieved
957:The Guardian
956:
947:
935:. Retrieved
930:
921:
913:the original
903:
891:. Retrieved
887:the original
877:
869:
864:
856:
850:
838:. Retrieved
834:the original
824:
815:
810:
807:(ll.50–1):
795:
790:
776:Robert Burns
740:
735:
731:
728:#43 and #94.
709:W.N. Herbert
681:Liz Lochhead
674:
656:(2005), and
650:Stewart Conn
643:
625:Liz Lochhead
617:Edwin Morgan
608:
602:
596:outside the
573:Modern usage
547:Allan Ramsay
544:
539:
537:
498:
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467:
453:
444:
440:
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420:
402:
385:Kingis Quair
374:
354:alliterative
315:
300:
291:
280:Please help
275:verification
272:
195:
181:Middle Scots
179:
163:
155:Allan Ramsay
150:
148:
140:Middle Scots
138:of works in
115:
113:
57:
55:
29:
1805:By language
1770:Tartan Noir
1750:Romanticism
1614:(from 2004)
1409:Blind Harry
1102:1 September
983:The Courier
689:Magi Gibson
666:Alan Spence
607:, entitled
505:translation
412:Dunfermline
220:) "maker;
109:royal court
1947:Categories
1848:Dramatists
1631:Jackie Kay
1308:Ron Butlin
937:19 January
840:18 October
797:The Lament
782:References
743:characters
715:Other uses
693:Laura Fyfe
658:Ron Butlin
629:Jackie Kay
469:The Lament
408:court poet
393:Blind Hary
344:who wrote
318:vernacular
116:The Makars
49:St Andrews
1893:mythology
1853:Novelists
1723:Movements
1581:Tom Scott
1226:30 August
1182:19 August
1156:16 August
646:Edinburgh
490:aureation
358:troubador
350:chronicle
176:Etymology
1909:Theatres
1694:Medieval
1475:James VI
1061:BBC News
1041:8 August
1015:8 August
989:8 August
963:29 March
931:BBC News
800:Archived
760:See also
697:Aberdeen
685:Stirling
652:(2002),
605:laureate
521:James VI
458:glegness
423:James IV
404:Henryson
334:Petrarch
188:(plural
120:Scotland
1843:Writers
1812:English
1378:James I
1373:Huchoun
1242:"MAKAR"
677:Glasgow
464:Merseir
441:Scottis
432:Eneados
418:court.
416:Stewart
381:James I
346:romance
342:Wyntoun
338:Barbour
326:prosody
322:metrics
247:makaris
238:Lydgate
234:Chaucer
217:poiētēs
211:ποιητής
191:makaris
1796:Poetry
1730:Makars
893:6 July
738:, see
705:Dundee
703:) and
377:London
202:calque
111:poet.
99:for a
18:Makars
1858:Poets
1836:Lists
1791:Novel
1786:Drama
1779:Forms
732:Makar
330:Dante
242:Gower
226:Scots
208:term
197:maker
185:makar
136:genre
85:
58:makar
1827:Norn
1687:Eras
1228:2020
1184:2024
1158:2009
1104:2020
1043:2020
1017:2020
991:2020
965:2016
939:2011
895:2017
842:2011
771:Scop
565:and
549:and
503:and
501:epic
449:leet
395:and
348:and
340:and
332:and
324:and
240:and
222:poet
157:and
130:and
105:bard
101:poet
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466:in
356:or
284:by
244:as
103:or
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