Knowledge (XXG)

Makgeolli

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1478: 1466: 1359:, whereby the sound of the rain is similar to the sizzling sound of a pancake making, so when it rains, pajeon automatically comes to mind. The second theory has to do with traditional agricultural culture. When the farmers were not able to work due to the rain, especially during the rainy season of Summer, they made pajeon to soothe their hunger and accompanied it with makgeolli, a farmer’s favorite drink. Naturally, it became a seasonal food, and the tradition has been passed down to this day. 1615: 1490: 1018: 1454: 40: 1542:
is also very similar drink with its cloudy milky appearance along with its unfiltered rice sediments. During the Tibetan lunar new year, Tibetans drink a slight variation of Chaang by adding dried cheese, droma (a type of small tuber similar in taste to sweet potato) and nuts which is then heated and
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began to lose popularity in the 1970s with the rise of imported alcoholic beverages. Also, due to the national food shortage, the government banned making makgeolli using rice, and makgeolli was made by mixing 80% wheat flour and 20% corn. When flour was used, the quality of makgeolli deteriorated.
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is usually served chilled, in a bottle or in a pottery bowl with a ladle. Prior to drinking, it is stirred with the ladle, or the bottle is gently flipped upside down several times with the cap on, in order to mix in the settled sediment. It is then ladled or poured into individual small bowls,
2546: 669:. "Makcohol" (makgeolli + alcohol) and "Markelixir" (makgeolli + elixir) were among the runners-up. The five-member panel reasoned that the chosen name would communicate the product's identity as a rice liquor and evoke associations with its ambassadors, the popular 2389:
Choi, Jae-Suk; Lee, Yu-Ri; Ha, Yu-Mi; Seo, Hyo Ju; Kim, Young Hun; Park, Sun-Mee; Sohn, Jae Hak (2014-06-01). "Antibacterial Effect of Grapefruit Seed Extract (GSE) on Makgeolli-Brewing Microorganisms and Its Application in the Preservation of Fresh Makgeolli".
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dictatorship also banned its making (1965) because of rice shortages. In 1990, the South Korean ban on brewing with rice was finally lifted, with home brewing again becoming legal only at the beginning of the 21st century. In the interim period,
935:, pear blossom alcohol), as the liquor was made when the pear trees were in blossom. This was associated in many communities in Korea around that time with a tradition of all-night drinking and dancing in special ceremonies. 662: 517:, which deprives the beverage of complex enzymes and flavor compounds. Recently, various fruits such as strawberries and bananas have been added to makgeolli to create forms with new flavours. 1140:
Traditionally, the wine was only created one way, but to reach out across the different age groups and for exporting purposes there are several different ways the wine is created. Once
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The brewing process involves two stages: seed and main mash and main fermentation. Seed mash is the process of obtaining actively growing yeasts and enzymes in the mixture of yeast and
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that has a slight viscosity, and tastes slightly sweet, tangy, bitter, and astringent. Chalky sediment gives it a cloudy appearance. As a low proof drink of six to nine percent
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companies turning to mass production. In this process, the rice wine is usually brewed with a non-traditionally manufactured fermentation starter instead of the traditional
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is best consumed fresh, a week or two after brewing. When freshly brewed, it has a milder and creamier taste. It acquires a stronger taste over time and turns into
1477: 1127:. The tastes and aromas of the main mash develop with the transformation of the rice-derived nutrients and amino acids. Main fermentation lasts for about a week. 1685: 1009:
are also produced, using traditional methods free of artificial additives. There were at least 700 small-scale breweries in production in South Korea in 2017.
993:, and a growing interest in cultural traditions in recent decades, have contributed to the revival. The product continues to be inexpensive, with a plastic, 2957: 1355:
with these pancakes is a custom often associated with rainy days. There are a number of theories regarding the origin. The first theory is the effect of
946:(1910-1945), the colonial government introduced a licensing system and taxed even for self-consumption, and by 1934, home brewing had been banned. The 1826: 2125: 2600: 1928: 2175: 1543:
drunk warm. In Nepal, where chaang is enjoyed by the Newars and Sherpas, Korean produced bottled makgeoli is branded and sold as chaang.
1923: 2442:"Qualitative and Quantitative Prediction of Volatile Compounds from Initial Amino Acid Profiles in Korean Rice Wine (makgeolli) Model" 1918: 470: 1639: 4890: 730:, and announced plans to export the products to Asia, America, and Europe. Concerns were raised in Korea that this could lead to 2245: 2995: 2950: 2287: 365: 286: 207: 1964: 1465: 2340: 2568: 1644: 2310: 1321:
to split into a cloudy white fraction that settles to the bottom and a clear, pale yellow liquid that rises to the top.
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era, which ran from the 1st century BCE to the 7th century CE. The consumption of rice wine during the reign of King
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enjoyed a resurgence in urban areas and among younger generations. The health benefits and low alcohol proof of
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was considered cheap and old-fashioned, sellers then focused on selling quantity rather than quality, with many
4869: 3010: 1356: 649:), meaning "agricultural wine" or "farmer's wine", reflecting the traditional popularity of the beverage among 2193: 2171: 1863: 1144:
has been exported, it can change as well. Many people also brew makgeolli at home these days. Traditionally,
677:. This met with a cool reception from the Korean public, with objections relating to translation of the noun 1649: 789: 754: 479: 4346: 3229: 3095: 2780: 2030: 2025: 1602: 1524:("pear-blossom wine") is so named because it is brewed from rice with rice malt which ferments during the 1054: 1049:
is a dry cereal cake that has been allowed to ferment and mature to promote the growth of molds producing
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was brewed at home for centuries and was considered a "farmer's wine", or rural working-class beverage.
1775: 4905: 4755: 3530: 3100: 3015: 2851: 2785: 2775: 2609: 2586: 1405: 1042: 1002: 3122: 3110: 2924: 2668: 2250: 1995: 1596: 997:-style 750 ml (26 imp fl oz; 25 US fl oz) bottle costing around 693: 603: 154: 2495: 1453: 4895: 3550: 3020: 2966: 2690: 2282: 4825: 4820: 4675: 4436: 1741:"Makgeolli in Seoul: Why this speciality liquor is only at its best in the South Korean capital" 1168:. This gives the liquor sweetness without adding a fermentable carbohydrate, and thus increases 828: 1538:("sweet wine") is a sweeter variety with partial fermentation. The Tibetan alcoholic beverage 734:
being mistakenly regarded as traditionally Japanese rather than Korean, as had happened in the
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announced "drunken rice" as the winning entry in a competition to find an English nickname for
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are brewed with non-traditional manufactured fermentation starter instead of the traditional
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is often unpasteurized, and the wine continues to mature in the bottle. Because of the short
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may also be mixed with ice and fruits such as mango and pineapple to make
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Scottish band Colonel Mustard & The Dijon 5, playing at the inaugural
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by his seventeenth-generation descendant in 661, in its section entitled
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the starches of the cereal grain into sugar. This sugar is then used by
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There are a number of other early records mentioning rice wine in the
370: 291: 212: 4850: 4775: 4705: 4685: 4680: 4640: 4351: 4276: 4271: 4256: 4233: 4218: 4193: 4183: 4153: 4143: 4133: 3997: 3962: 3952: 3910: 3905: 3885: 3865: 3818: 3793: 3783: 3633: 3500: 3490: 3470: 3445: 3374: 3249: 2901: 2886: 2750: 2725: 2695: 2673: 2658: 1572: 1554: 1534: 1333: 1113: 1095: 885: 870:(Records of Ancient Matters) makes reference in the section entitled 866: 857: 834: 772: 735: 650: 564: 333: 254: 191: 160: 563:; "to strain, to sift, to filter") to which is added a noun-forming 1438:
is reputed to increase metabolism, relieve fatigue and improve the
1317:
rather than cups, for drinking. This is because of the tendency of
4585: 4391: 4341: 4296: 4286: 4251: 4163: 4037: 3972: 3915: 3778: 3753: 3748: 3733: 3713: 3698: 3678: 3663: 3570: 3560: 3555: 3515: 3510: 3485: 3455: 3420: 3415: 3379: 3364: 3299: 3169: 3083: 2830: 2825: 2760: 2745: 2740: 2730: 2623: 2311:"Makgeolli: How Korean rice wine is stepping out of soju's shadow" 1588: 1303: 1291: 1108: 1099: 1087: 1082: 1069:, made with different ingredients such as rice, wheat, barley, or 1058: 1037: 1016: 977: 803: 750: 640: 349: 270: 172: 142: 78: 66: 2116:"Say hello to the latest Korean fervor - makgeolli the rice wine" 761:(37–19 BCE) is mentioned in the founding story of the kingdom of 601:), meaning "opaque wine", as opposed to the refined, transparent 4498: 4158: 3743: 3723: 3653: 3605: 3600: 3535: 3475: 3078: 2881: 2805: 2790: 2663: 2026:"Makgeolli yeongmun-pyogi 'drunken rice', nurikkun-deul "heol~"" 1525: 718: 137: 98: 4414: 3816: 3145: 2977: 2939: 2582: 2549:. Hyphe-Nated. Archived from the original on September 12, 2021 4725: 4331: 3930: 3590: 2578: 2490: 1396:
Because of the microorganisms present during fermentation,
1164:, and are diluted with water and contain additives such as 490:, it is often considered a "communal beverage" rather than 461: 455: 2440:
Kang, Bo-Sik; Lee, Jang-Eun; Park, Hyun-Jin (2014-06-01).
2054:"Nihon-de "Hōsen-makkori" tōroku-shita hito-wa kangokujin" 1776:"Best Korean drinks -- from banana milk to hangover juice" 726:
and Tatenokawa, launched cloudy rice wines under the name
1086:, and sometimes additional flavoring ingredients such as 449: 384: 305: 226: 663:
Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries
907: 893: 879: 797: 1827:"Makgeolli, a Korean rice wine, is an unfiltered joy" 471: 452: 1686:"The next sparkling wine to try is Korean makgeolli" 848:
are skilled in making fermented foods such as wine,
458: 4244: 4053: 3830: 3621: 3395: 3159: 3041: 2988: 2839: 2616: 704:In 2009, Korean importers in Japan began producing 446: 443: 392: 378: 364: 348: 332: 327: 313: 299: 285: 269: 253: 248: 234: 220: 206: 190: 149: 133: 125: 117: 104: 94: 84: 72: 62: 52: 1739:Son, Angela; MacDonald, Joan Vos (8 August 2017). 482:. It is a milky, off-white, and lightly sparkling 1532:is often so thick that it is eaten with a spoon. 1112:, the same permeable clay crocks used for making 844:(Book of Wei) contains the observation that "the 2278:"History of Traditional Korean Alcoholic Drinks" 1508:("float-float wine") is a drink very similar to 2086:"'Makgeolli' myeongching ilbon-e ppaeatgil pan" 771:(Songs of Emperors and Kings), a 13th-century 2951: 2594: 1965:"Makgeolli: The rice wine revolution is here" 1279:416,046 kL (14,692,500 cu ft) 1271:430,896 kL (15,216,900 cu ft) 1263:426,216 kL (15,051,700 cu ft) 1255:448,046 kL (15,822,600 cu ft) 1247:458,198 kL (16,181,100 cu ft) 1239:412,269 kL (14,559,100 cu ft) 832:(Records of the Three Kingdoms), the section 8: 1891:"[막걸리이즈백]②유튜브타고 세계로 퍼진 K-주류…김치전에 한잔" 1820: 1818: 1231:260,694 kL (9,206,300 cu ft) 1223:176,398 kL (6,229,400 cu ft) 1215:172,342 kL (6,086,200 cu ft) 1207:170,165 kL (6,009,300 cu ft) 1199:166,319 kL (5,873,500 cu ft) 930: 924: 888:being taught how to brew wine. And the poem 644: 634: 614: 608: 596: 590: 571: 558: 544: 530: 418: 355: 339: 276: 260: 197: 30: 4419:and infused distilled drinks by ingredients 2491:"Hyesun House: Make-Your-Own Makgeolli Kit" 1857: 1855: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1816: 1814: 1812: 1810: 1808: 1806: 1804: 1802: 1800: 1798: 1351:(made with mung beans and pork). Consuming 549:; "roughly, recklessly, carelessly") and a 424: 4411: 3827: 3813: 3156: 3142: 2985: 2974: 2958: 2944: 2936: 2601: 2587: 2579: 2286:. Vol. 10, no. 4. Archived from 619:), meaning "clear wine". Another name for 38: 29: 2457: 1679: 1677: 1675: 1673: 1671: 1576:– Japanese equivalent of Makgeolli 1178: 802:, "cloudy rice wine") in the kingdom of 2435: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2271: 2269: 2109: 2107: 1996:"Makgeolli gains nickname Drunken Rice" 1862:Callaghan, Adam H. (20 February 2017). 1631: 1584:– Chinese equivalent of Makgeolli 1449: 1345:(made with scallions and seafood), and 708:products, promoting them with the name 2560: 2126:Korean Culture and Information Service 2079: 2077: 1989: 1987: 1958: 1956: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1913: 1911: 1769: 1767: 1765: 1763: 1734: 1732: 1730: 1728: 753:. Rice wine has been brewed since the 180: 2334: 2332: 2330: 2159:(in Literary Chinese). Gunwi, Korea: 2020: 2018: 1929:National Institute of Korean Language 1726: 1724: 1722: 1720: 1718: 1716: 1714: 1712: 1710: 1708: 958:The most-consumed alcoholic drink in 688:Peace Train Festival in 2018, called 428: 398: 319: 240: 7: 2176:National Institute of Korean History 1592:– Naga equivalent of Makgeolli 1495:Makgeolli on traditional Korea table 1404:product. It contains high levels of 749:is the oldest alcoholic beverage in 1924:Standard Korean Language Dictionary 1864:"Should You Be Drinking Makgeolli?" 2114:Kim, Hee-sung (7 September 2009). 1825:Schamberg, Anne (14 August 2015). 1377:) to make a simple cocktail named 579:Because of its cloudy appearance, 25: 1106:are mixed and left to ferment in 2230:(in Chinese). Japan – via 2202:(in Chinese). China – via 1613: 1520:for a small object floating by. 1488: 1476: 1464: 1452: 944:period of Japanese rule of Korea 912:) made with non-glutinous rice. 712:, the Japanese pronunciation of 439: 2526:Korea Public Health Association 1172:. Flavorings such as fruit and 982:It is also diluted with water. 2996:History of alcoholic beverages 2489:Jeong, Stephen (25 May 2020). 2062:(in Japanese). 5 November 2009 931: 925: 874:(Emperor Ōjin) to a man named 645: 635: 419: 356: 340: 277: 261: 198: 1: 2339:Swanson, Sonja (2019-05-01). 1684:Hirsch, J.M. (20 July 2015). 1302:Geumjeongsanseong Makgeolli, 1120:, and other fermented foods. 2276:Lee, Hyo-gee (Winter 1996). 2084:Lee, Jinwoo (1 April 2011). 1994:Kim, Tae-gyu (26 May 2010). 1963:Rane, Jordan (30 May 2011). 838:(Eastern Foreigners) of the 716:. In 2011, several Japanese 1774:Jung, Alex (12 July 2017). 1331:, Korean pancakes, such as 1327:is often served with fried 1061:to produce alcohol through 915:During the Goryeo dynasty, 553:derived from the verb stem 433:), sometimes anglicized to 385: 371: 306: 292: 227: 213: 4922: 2194:Wūwán Xiānbēi Dōngyí chuán 1832:Milwaukee Journal Sentinel 1608:Korean alcoholic beverages 1558:are rice wines similar to 1286:Famous makgeolli by region 1183:production in South Korea 1176:are also sometimes added. 1148:is created unpasteurized. 1137:after a couple of months. 908: 894: 880: 798: 792:) mentions the brewing of 661:In 2010, the South Korean 4865: 4424: 4410: 3826: 3812: 3155: 3141: 2984: 2973: 2920: 2567:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2522:Alcohol Statistics System 2309:Jake Kwon (23 May 2022). 1077:of a variety of flavors. 782:. The Goryeo Korean book 692:'Fight Milk', or 'Korean 615: 609: 597: 591: 572: 559: 545: 531: 505:of unpasteurized "draft" 183: 37: 4268:Coconut and other palms 3640:Coconut and other palms 3011:History of Bordeaux wine 2034:(in Korean). 28 May 2010 1483:Makgeolli and dubu-kimch 1005:1.05). Novelty high-end 962:in the 1960s and 1970s, 906:, refers to Silla wine ( 736:1996 kimchi-kimuchi case 4891:Korean alcoholic drinks 3096:Drinking establishments 2459:10.1111/1750-3841.12489 2446:Journal of Food Science 2404:10.1111/1750-3841.12469 2392:Journal of Food Science 2172:Korean History Database 1897:(in Korean). 2020-11-30 1650:Oxford University Press 74:Country of origin  4303:Sugarcane or molasses 3740:Sugarcane or molasses 2979:History and production 2031:The Kyunghyang Shinmun 1603:List of rice beverages 1025: 884:) from the kingdom of 480:Korean alcoholic drink 3026:History of Rioja wine 1152:Commercial production 1065:. Different kinds of 1020: 985:In the 21st century, 955:was made from wheat. 722:companies, including 427: raw rice wine; 242:[mak.k͈ʌl.li] 4737:Mammee apple flower 3016:History of Champagne 2852:Brown rice green tea 2518:"Alcohol production" 1406:lactic acid bacteria 1043:fermentation starter 788:(Memorabilia of the 430:[mak.k͈ʌɭɭi] 366:Revised Romanization 321:[tʰak̚.t͈ɕu] 287:Revised Romanization 208:Revised Romanization 27:Korean raw rice wine 4787:Sugarcane/molasses 3230:Moscatel de Setúbal 3123:Yeast in winemaking 3111:Yeast in winemaking 2967:Alcoholic beverages 2925:List of rice drinks 2251:Doosan Encyclopedia 1656:on January 13, 2017 1645:Oxford Dictionaries 1184: 1156:Many mass-produced 34: 3021:History of Chianti 2989:History of alcohol 2452:(6): C1106–C1116. 2398:(6): M1159–M1167. 1389:(honey) is called 1290:Jangsu Makgeolli, 1179: 1026: 4878: 4877: 4861: 4860: 4564:Chocolate liqueur 4525:Blackthorn shrub 4406: 4405: 4402: 4401: 4358:Various starches 4114:Tennessee whiskey 3808: 3807: 3804: 3803: 3775:Various starches 3137: 3136: 3133: 3132: 3031:History of Sherry 2933: 2932: 2365:"막걸리 (Makgeolli)" 2345:Los Angeles Times 1528:-blossom season. 1501:Similar beverages 1471:Various makgeolli 1459:bottled makgeolli 1296:Idong Makgeolli, 1283: 1282: 488:alcohol by volume 406: 405: 400:[noŋ.dʑu] 380:McCune–Reischauer 301:McCune–Reischauer 222:McCune–Reischauer 179: 178: 107:Alcohol by volume 16:(Redirected from 4913: 4901:Alcoholic drinks 4485:Herbs de Majorca 4459:Anisado Mallorca 4412: 4214:American whiskey 4205:Multiple grains 4094:Buckwheat whisky 3828: 3814: 3587:Multiple grains 3157: 3148:Fermented drinks 3143: 3049:Alcohol industry 2986: 2975: 2960: 2953: 2946: 2937: 2603: 2596: 2589: 2580: 2573: 2572: 2566: 2558: 2556: 2554: 2543: 2537: 2536: 2534: 2532: 2514: 2508: 2507: 2505: 2503: 2486: 2480: 2479: 2461: 2437: 2424: 2423: 2386: 2380: 2379: 2377: 2376: 2361: 2355: 2354: 2352: 2351: 2336: 2325: 2324: 2322: 2321: 2306: 2300: 2299: 2297: 2295: 2290:on 30 April 2009 2273: 2264: 2263: 2261: 2259: 2242: 2236: 2235: 2214: 2208: 2207: 2186: 2180: 2179: 2169: 2167: 2143: 2137: 2136: 2134: 2132: 2111: 2102: 2101: 2099: 2097: 2081: 2072: 2071: 2069: 2067: 2050: 2044: 2043: 2041: 2039: 2022: 2013: 2012: 2010: 2008: 1991: 1982: 1981: 1979: 1977: 1960: 1945: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1935:on 13 March 2018 1931:. Archived from 1915: 1906: 1905: 1903: 1902: 1887: 1881: 1880: 1878: 1876: 1859: 1844: 1843: 1841: 1839: 1822: 1793: 1792: 1790: 1788: 1771: 1758: 1757: 1755: 1753: 1736: 1703: 1702: 1700: 1698: 1681: 1666: 1665: 1663: 1661: 1652:. Archived from 1636: 1620:Drink portal 1618: 1617: 1616: 1492: 1480: 1468: 1456: 1375:lemon-lime drink 1185: 934: 933: 928: 927: 911: 910: 897: 896: 883: 882: 846:Goguryeo Koreans 801: 800: 780:Korean Peninsula 657:English nickname 648: 647: 638: 637: 618: 617: 612: 611: 600: 599: 594: 593: 575: 574: 562: 561: 548: 547: 539:, consisting of 534: 533: 509:, many exported 474: 468: 467: 464: 463: 460: 457: 454: 451: 448: 445: 432: 426: 422: 421: 402: 388: 374: 359: 358: 343: 342: 323: 309: 295: 280: 279: 264: 263: 244: 230: 216: 201: 200: 181: 150:Related products 121:Milky, off-white 110: 85:Region of origin 75: 42: 35: 21: 4921: 4920: 4916: 4915: 4914: 4912: 4911: 4910: 4881: 4880: 4879: 4874: 4857: 4826:Crème de cassis 4821:Crème de banane 4807:Various fruits 4676:Crème de menthe 4437:Crème de Noyaux 4420: 4398: 4240: 4224:Canadian whisky 4198:Kaoliang liquor 4104:Bourbon whiskey 4069:Japanese whisky 4049: 4018:Marillenschnaps 3994:Various fruits 3822: 3800: 3629:Agave americana 3617: 3391: 3346:Various fruits 3151: 3129: 3037: 3006:History of wine 3001:History of beer 2980: 2969: 2964: 2934: 2929: 2916: 2835: 2612: 2607: 2577: 2576: 2559: 2552: 2550: 2545: 2544: 2540: 2530: 2528: 2516: 2515: 2511: 2501: 2499: 2488: 2487: 2483: 2439: 2438: 2427: 2388: 2387: 2383: 2374: 2372: 2369:terms.naver.com 2363: 2362: 2358: 2349: 2347: 2338: 2337: 2328: 2319: 2317: 2308: 2307: 2303: 2293: 2291: 2275: 2274: 2267: 2257: 2255: 2244: 2243: 2239: 2216: 2215: 2211: 2188: 2187: 2183: 2165: 2163: 2145: 2144: 2140: 2130: 2128: 2113: 2112: 2105: 2095: 2093: 2083: 2082: 2075: 2065: 2063: 2052: 2051: 2047: 2037: 2035: 2024: 2023: 2016: 2006: 2004: 2001:The Korea Times 1993: 1992: 1985: 1975: 1973: 1962: 1961: 1948: 1938: 1936: 1917: 1916: 1909: 1900: 1898: 1889: 1888: 1884: 1874: 1872: 1861: 1860: 1847: 1837: 1835: 1824: 1823: 1796: 1786: 1784: 1773: 1772: 1761: 1751: 1749: 1746:The Independent 1738: 1737: 1706: 1696: 1694: 1683: 1682: 1669: 1659: 1657: 1638: 1637: 1633: 1628: 1614: 1612: 1568: 1503: 1496: 1493: 1484: 1481: 1472: 1469: 1460: 1457: 1448: 1367:fruit cocktails 1311: 1288: 1154: 1015: 818:(Record of the 744: 702: 659: 583:is also called 523: 472: 442: 438: 360: 344: 281: 265: 202: 105: 73: 48: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4919: 4917: 4909: 4908: 4903: 4898: 4893: 4883: 4882: 4876: 4875: 4873: 4872: 4866: 4863: 4862: 4859: 4858: 4856: 4855: 4854: 4853: 4845: 4844: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4805: 4804: 4803: 4795: 4794: 4793: 4785: 4784: 4783: 4778: 4770: 4769: 4768: 4763: 4758: 4753: 4745: 4744: 4743: 4735: 4734: 4733: 4728: 4720: 4719: 4718: 4713: 4708: 4703: 4698: 4690: 4689: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4673: 4668: 4663: 4655: 4654: 4653: 4645: 4644: 4643: 4638: 4630: 4629: 4628: 4623: 4615: 4614: 4613: 4608: 4600: 4599: 4598: 4590: 4589: 4588: 4578: 4577: 4576: 4568: 4567: 4566: 4558: 4557: 4556: 4550:Chili peppers 4548: 4547: 4546: 4541: 4539:Cherry Heering 4533: 4532: 4531: 4523: 4522: 4521: 4513: 4512: 4511: 4506: 4501: 4496: 4491: 4490: 4489: 4488: 4487: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4464: 4463: 4462: 4461: 4449: 4441: 4440: 4439: 4434: 4425: 4422: 4421: 4415: 4408: 4407: 4404: 4403: 4400: 4399: 4397: 4396: 4395: 4394: 4389: 4384: 4379: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4356: 4355: 4354: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4337:Seco Herrerano 4334: 4329: 4324: 4319: 4314: 4309: 4301: 4300: 4299: 4291: 4290: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4266: 4265: 4264: 4259: 4248: 4246: 4242: 4241: 4239: 4238: 4237: 4236: 4231: 4226: 4221: 4216: 4211: 4203: 4202: 4201: 4188: 4187: 4186: 4181: 4176: 4168: 4167: 4166: 4161: 4156: 4151: 4149:Mixiang Baijiu 4146: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4126: 4118: 4117: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4098: 4097: 4096: 4088: 4087: 4086: 4078: 4077: 4076: 4071: 4066: 4057: 4055: 4051: 4050: 4048: 4047: 4046: 4045: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3992: 3991: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3975: 3970: 3965: 3960: 3950: 3949: 3948: 3943: 3935: 3934: 3933: 3925: 3924: 3923: 3918: 3913: 3908: 3903: 3898: 3890: 3889: 3888: 3880: 3879: 3878: 3870: 3869: 3868: 3860: 3859: 3858: 3850: 3849: 3848: 3843: 3834: 3832: 3824: 3823: 3821:by ingredients 3817: 3810: 3809: 3806: 3805: 3802: 3801: 3799: 3798: 3797: 3796: 3791: 3786: 3781: 3773: 3772: 3771: 3766: 3758: 3757: 3756: 3751: 3746: 3738: 3737: 3736: 3728: 3727: 3726: 3721: 3716: 3711: 3703: 3702: 3701: 3693: 3692: 3691: 3683: 3682: 3681: 3673: 3672: 3671: 3666: 3661: 3656: 3651: 3646: 3638: 3637: 3636: 3625: 3623: 3619: 3618: 3616: 3615: 3614: 3613: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3593: 3585: 3584: 3583: 3575: 3574: 3573: 3565: 3564: 3563: 3558: 3553: 3548: 3543: 3538: 3533: 3528: 3523: 3518: 3513: 3508: 3503: 3498: 3493: 3488: 3483: 3478: 3473: 3468: 3463: 3458: 3450: 3449: 3448: 3443: 3435: 3434: 3433: 3428: 3423: 3418: 3410: 3409: 3408: 3399: 3397: 3393: 3392: 3390: 3389: 3388: 3387: 3382: 3377: 3372: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3344: 3343: 3342: 3334: 3333: 3332: 3324: 3323: 3322: 3314: 3313: 3312: 3304: 3303: 3302: 3294: 3293: 3292: 3284: 3283: 3282: 3274: 3273: 3272: 3264: 3263: 3262: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3242: 3237: 3232: 3227: 3222: 3217: 3209: 3208: 3207: 3199: 3198: 3197: 3189: 3188: 3187: 3182: 3174: 3173: 3172: 3163: 3161: 3153: 3152: 3150:by ingredients 3146: 3139: 3138: 3135: 3134: 3131: 3130: 3128: 3127: 3126: 3125: 3115: 3114: 3113: 3108: 3098: 3093: 3088: 3087: 3086: 3081: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3056: 3051: 3045: 3043: 3039: 3038: 3036: 3035: 3034: 3033: 3028: 3023: 3018: 3013: 3003: 2998: 2992: 2990: 2982: 2981: 2978: 2971: 2970: 2965: 2963: 2962: 2955: 2948: 2940: 2931: 2930: 2928: 2927: 2921: 2918: 2917: 2915: 2914: 2909: 2904: 2899: 2894: 2889: 2884: 2879: 2874: 2869: 2864: 2859: 2857:Brown rice tea 2854: 2849: 2843: 2841: 2837: 2836: 2834: 2833: 2828: 2823: 2818: 2813: 2808: 2803: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2783: 2778: 2773: 2768: 2763: 2758: 2753: 2748: 2743: 2738: 2733: 2728: 2723: 2718: 2713: 2708: 2703: 2698: 2693: 2688: 2683: 2678: 2677: 2676: 2666: 2661: 2656: 2651: 2646: 2641: 2636: 2631: 2626: 2620: 2618: 2614: 2613: 2608: 2606: 2605: 2598: 2591: 2583: 2575: 2574: 2538: 2509: 2481: 2425: 2381: 2356: 2326: 2301: 2265: 2237: 2209: 2181: 2138: 2103: 2073: 2045: 2014: 1983: 1946: 1907: 1882: 1845: 1794: 1759: 1704: 1667: 1630: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1623: 1622: 1610: 1605: 1600: 1593: 1585: 1577: 1567: 1564: 1502: 1499: 1498: 1497: 1494: 1487: 1485: 1482: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1451: 1447: 1444: 1391:kkul-makgeolli 1343:haemul-panjeon 1310: 1307: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1280: 1277: 1273: 1272: 1269: 1265: 1264: 1261: 1257: 1256: 1253: 1249: 1248: 1245: 1241: 1240: 1237: 1233: 1232: 1229: 1225: 1224: 1221: 1217: 1216: 1213: 1209: 1208: 1205: 1201: 1200: 1197: 1193: 1192: 1189: 1153: 1150: 1080:Steamed rice, 1014: 1011: 948:Park Chung-hee 862:Asuka Japanese 858:fermented fish 820:State of Garak 790:Three Kingdoms 755:Three Kingdoms 743: 740: 701: 698: 671:Korean hip-hop 658: 655: 522: 519: 515:pasteurization 404: 403: 396: 390: 389: 382: 376: 375: 368: 362: 361: 354: 352: 346: 345: 338: 336: 330: 329: 325: 324: 317: 311: 310: 303: 297: 296: 289: 283: 282: 275: 273: 267: 266: 259: 257: 251: 250: 246: 245: 238: 232: 231: 224: 218: 217: 210: 204: 203: 196: 194: 188: 187: 177: 176: 151: 147: 146: 135: 131: 130: 127: 123: 122: 119: 115: 114: 111: 102: 101: 96: 92: 91: 86: 82: 81: 76: 70: 69: 64: 60: 59: 54: 50: 49: 43: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4918: 4907: 4904: 4902: 4899: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4888: 4886: 4871: 4868: 4867: 4864: 4852: 4849: 4848: 4846: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4808: 4806: 4802: 4799: 4798: 4796: 4792: 4789: 4788: 4786: 4782: 4779: 4777: 4774: 4773: 4771: 4767: 4764: 4762: 4761:Grand Marnier 4759: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4748: 4746: 4742: 4739: 4738: 4736: 4732: 4729: 4727: 4724: 4723: 4721: 4717: 4714: 4712: 4709: 4707: 4704: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4694: 4693: 4691: 4687: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4659: 4658: 4656: 4652: 4649: 4648: 4646: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4634: 4633: 4631: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4621:Cream liqueur 4619: 4618: 4616: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4603: 4601: 4597: 4594: 4593: 4591: 4587: 4584: 4583: 4582: 4579: 4575: 4572: 4571: 4569: 4565: 4562: 4561: 4559: 4555: 4552: 4551: 4549: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4536: 4534: 4530: 4527: 4526: 4524: 4520: 4517: 4516: 4514: 4510: 4507: 4505: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4495: 4492: 4486: 4483: 4482: 4481: 4480: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4460: 4457: 4456: 4455: 4454: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4444: 4442: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4429: 4427: 4426: 4423: 4418: 4413: 4409: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4359: 4357: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4308: 4305: 4304: 4302: 4298: 4295: 4294: 4292: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4269: 4267: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4254: 4253: 4250: 4249: 4247: 4243: 4235: 4232: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4207: 4206: 4204: 4199: 4195: 4192: 4191: 4189: 4185: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4171: 4169: 4165: 4162: 4160: 4157: 4155: 4152: 4150: 4147: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4127: 4125: 4122: 4121: 4119: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4101: 4099: 4095: 4092: 4091: 4089: 4085: 4082: 4081: 4079: 4075: 4074:Scotch whisky 4072: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4064:Irish whiskey 4062: 4061: 4059: 4058: 4056: 4052: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3995: 3993: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3964: 3961: 3959: 3956: 3955: 3954: 3951: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3938: 3936: 3932: 3929: 3928: 3926: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3909: 3907: 3904: 3902: 3899: 3897: 3894: 3893: 3891: 3887: 3884: 3883: 3881: 3877: 3874: 3873: 3871: 3867: 3864: 3863: 3861: 3857: 3854: 3853: 3852:Cashew apple 3851: 3847: 3844: 3842: 3839: 3838: 3836: 3835: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3820: 3815: 3811: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3787: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3776: 3774: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3764:Fermented tea 3762: 3761: 3759: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3741: 3739: 3735: 3732: 3731: 3729: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3710: 3707: 3706: 3704: 3700: 3697: 3696: 3694: 3690: 3687: 3686: 3684: 3680: 3677: 3676: 3674: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3657: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3647: 3645: 3642: 3641: 3639: 3635: 3632: 3631: 3630: 3627: 3626: 3624: 3620: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3588: 3586: 3582: 3579: 3578: 3576: 3572: 3569: 3568: 3566: 3562: 3559: 3557: 3554: 3552: 3549: 3547: 3546:Shaoxing wine 3544: 3542: 3539: 3537: 3534: 3532: 3529: 3527: 3524: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3509: 3507: 3504: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3472: 3469: 3467: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3457: 3454: 3453: 3451: 3447: 3444: 3442: 3439: 3438: 3436: 3432: 3429: 3427: 3424: 3422: 3419: 3417: 3414: 3413: 3411: 3407: 3404: 3403: 3401: 3400: 3398: 3394: 3386: 3383: 3381: 3378: 3376: 3373: 3371: 3368: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3347: 3345: 3341: 3338: 3337: 3336:Prickly pear 3335: 3331: 3328: 3327: 3325: 3321: 3318: 3317: 3315: 3311: 3308: 3307: 3305: 3301: 3298: 3297: 3295: 3291: 3288: 3287: 3285: 3281: 3278: 3277: 3275: 3271: 3268: 3267: 3265: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3243: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3233: 3231: 3228: 3226: 3223: 3221: 3218: 3216: 3213: 3212: 3210: 3206: 3203: 3202: 3200: 3196: 3193: 3192: 3190: 3186: 3183: 3181: 3178: 3177: 3175: 3171: 3168: 3167: 3165: 3164: 3162: 3158: 3154: 3149: 3144: 3140: 3124: 3121: 3120: 3119: 3116: 3112: 3109: 3107: 3104: 3103: 3102: 3099: 3097: 3094: 3092: 3089: 3085: 3082: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3067: 3065: 3062: 3061: 3060: 3057: 3055: 3052: 3050: 3047: 3046: 3044: 3040: 3032: 3029: 3027: 3024: 3022: 3019: 3017: 3014: 3012: 3009: 3008: 3007: 3004: 3002: 2999: 2997: 2994: 2993: 2991: 2987: 2983: 2976: 2972: 2968: 2961: 2956: 2954: 2949: 2947: 2942: 2941: 2938: 2926: 2923: 2922: 2919: 2913: 2910: 2908: 2905: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2890: 2888: 2885: 2883: 2880: 2878: 2875: 2873: 2870: 2868: 2865: 2863: 2860: 2858: 2855: 2853: 2850: 2848: 2847:Black vinegar 2845: 2844: 2842: 2840:Non-alcoholic 2838: 2832: 2829: 2827: 2824: 2822: 2819: 2817: 2814: 2812: 2809: 2807: 2804: 2802: 2801:Shaoxing wine 2799: 2797: 2794: 2792: 2789: 2787: 2784: 2782: 2779: 2777: 2774: 2772: 2769: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2759: 2757: 2754: 2752: 2749: 2747: 2744: 2742: 2739: 2737: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2724: 2722: 2719: 2717: 2716:Kuchikamizake 2714: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2704: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2682: 2679: 2675: 2672: 2671: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2660: 2657: 2655: 2652: 2650: 2647: 2645: 2642: 2640: 2637: 2635: 2632: 2630: 2627: 2625: 2622: 2621: 2619: 2615: 2611: 2604: 2599: 2597: 2592: 2590: 2585: 2584: 2581: 2570: 2564: 2548: 2542: 2539: 2527: 2524:(in Korean). 2523: 2519: 2513: 2510: 2498: 2497: 2492: 2485: 2482: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2460: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2436: 2434: 2432: 2430: 2426: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2385: 2382: 2370: 2366: 2360: 2357: 2346: 2342: 2335: 2333: 2331: 2327: 2316: 2312: 2305: 2302: 2289: 2285: 2284: 2279: 2272: 2270: 2266: 2253: 2252: 2247: 2241: 2238: 2233: 2229: 2228: 2223: 2219: 2213: 2210: 2205: 2201: 2200: 2195: 2191: 2185: 2182: 2177: 2173: 2162: 2158: 2157: 2152: 2151:"Garakguk gi" 2148: 2142: 2139: 2127: 2123: 2122: 2117: 2110: 2108: 2104: 2091: 2087: 2080: 2078: 2074: 2061: 2060: 2059:JoongAng Ilbo 2055: 2049: 2046: 2033: 2032: 2027: 2021: 2019: 2015: 2003: 2002: 1997: 1990: 1988: 1984: 1972: 1971: 1966: 1959: 1957: 1955: 1953: 1951: 1947: 1934: 1930: 1927:(in Korean). 1926: 1925: 1920: 1914: 1912: 1908: 1896: 1892: 1886: 1883: 1871: 1870: 1865: 1858: 1856: 1854: 1852: 1850: 1846: 1834: 1833: 1828: 1821: 1819: 1817: 1815: 1813: 1811: 1809: 1807: 1805: 1803: 1801: 1799: 1795: 1783: 1782: 1777: 1770: 1768: 1766: 1764: 1760: 1748: 1747: 1742: 1735: 1733: 1731: 1729: 1727: 1725: 1723: 1721: 1719: 1717: 1715: 1713: 1711: 1709: 1705: 1693: 1692: 1687: 1680: 1678: 1676: 1674: 1672: 1668: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1646: 1641: 1635: 1632: 1625: 1621: 1611: 1609: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1599: 1598: 1594: 1591: 1590: 1586: 1583: 1582: 1578: 1575: 1574: 1570: 1569: 1565: 1563: 1561: 1557: 1556: 1552:and Japanese 1551: 1550: 1544: 1541: 1537: 1536: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1500: 1491: 1486: 1479: 1474: 1467: 1462: 1455: 1450: 1445: 1443: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1414:, as well as 1413: 1412: 1411:Lactobacillus 1407: 1403: 1399: 1394: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1360: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1349: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1335: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1320: 1315: 1308: 1306: 1305: 1300: 1299: 1294: 1293: 1285: 1278: 1275: 1274: 1270: 1267: 1266: 1262: 1259: 1258: 1254: 1251: 1250: 1246: 1243: 1242: 1238: 1235: 1234: 1230: 1227: 1226: 1222: 1219: 1218: 1214: 1211: 1210: 1206: 1203: 1202: 1198: 1195: 1194: 1190: 1187: 1186: 1182: 1177: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1151: 1149: 1147: 1143: 1138: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1126: 1121: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1110: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1084: 1078: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1053:enzymes that 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1039: 1034: 1031:is made from 1030: 1024: 1019: 1012: 1010: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 983: 981: 979: 974: 970: 965: 961: 956: 954: 949: 945: 940: 938: 922: 918: 913: 905: 901: 891: 887: 877: 873: 869: 868: 863: 859: 855: 851: 850:soybean paste 847: 843: 842: 837: 836: 831: 830: 825: 821: 817: 813: 809: 805: 795: 791: 787: 786: 781: 776: 775:Korean book. 774: 770: 769: 764: 760: 756: 752: 748: 741: 739: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 720: 715: 711: 707: 700:Japanese name 699: 697: 695: 691: 687: 682: 680: 676: 675:Drunken Tiger 672: 668: 664: 656: 654: 652: 642: 632: 628: 627: 622: 606: 605: 588: 587: 582: 577: 569: 566: 556: 552: 551:deverbal noun 542: 538: 528: 520: 518: 516: 512: 508: 504: 500: 495: 493: 489: 485: 481: 477: 476: 466: 436: 431: 416: 412: 411: 401: 397: 395: 391: 387: 383: 381: 377: 373: 369: 367: 363: 353: 351: 347: 337: 335: 331: 328:Farmer's wine 326: 322: 318: 316: 312: 308: 304: 302: 298: 294: 290: 288: 284: 274: 272: 268: 258: 256: 252: 247: 243: 239: 237: 233: 229: 225: 223: 219: 215: 211: 209: 205: 195: 193: 189: 186: 182: 175: 174: 169: 168: 163: 162: 157: 156: 152: 148: 145: 144: 139: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 116: 112: 108: 103: 100: 97: 93: 90: 87: 83: 80: 77: 71: 68: 65: 61: 58: 55: 51: 47: 41: 36: 33: 19: 4109:Corn whiskey 4013:Himbeergeist 3866:Kirschwasser 3628: 3505: 3326:Pomegranate 3220:Marsala wine 3215:Madeira wine 3106:Simple syrup 3101:Fermentation 3091:Distillation 2735: 2553:12 September 2551:. 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Index

Makkoli

Rice wine
Korea
Korea
East Asia
1 BC
Alcohol by volume
Rice
nuruk
Cheongju
nigori
choujiu
zutho
Hangul
Revised Romanization
McCune–Reischauer
IPA
[mak.k͈ʌl.li]
Hangul
Hanja
Revised Romanization
McCune–Reischauer
IPA
[tʰak̚.t͈ɕu]
Hangul
Hanja
Revised Romanization
McCune–Reischauer
IPA

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