295:
350:. This probably resulted from its new primary peacetime responsibilities as the main source of foreign intelligence for the Soviet leadership. As part of a major re-organization of the Red Army, sometime in 1925 or 1926 the RU (then Razvedyvatelnoe Upravlenye) became the Fourth (Intelligence) Directorate of the Red Army Staff, and was thereafter also known simply as the "Fourth Department." Throughout most of the interwar period, the men and women who worked for Red Army Intelligence called it either the Fourth Department, the Intelligence Service, the
205:
56:
1528:
Other collateral sources reported that a group of Soviet military intelligence officers from the Sixth
Directorate (responsible for Soviet SIGINT matters) of the Chief Intelligence Directorate (GRU) visited North Korea shortly after the seizure of the ship and inspected the vessel. Later, the North
515:
Suvorov alleges that during his training and service he was often reminded that exiting the GRU (retiring) was only possible through "The Smoke Stack". This was a GRU reference to a training film shown to him, in which he alleges he watched a condemned agent being burned alive in a furnace.,
506:
939:
338:). Administratively, it was the Third Department of the Field Staff's Operations Directorate. In July 1920, the RU was made the second of four main departments in the Operations Directorate. Until 1921, it was usually called the
1529:
Koreans were reported to have turned over some of the captured equipment to the GRU. Apparently, some of this equipment was taken to Soviet radio plants in
Kharkov, Voronezh, and Gorkij for examination by technicians.
476:
The existence of the GRU was not publicized during the Soviet era, but documents concerning it became available in the West in the late 1920s, and it was mentioned in the 1931 memoirs of the first OGPU defector,
294:
464:
Nonetheless, the Cheka infiltrated the GRU in 1919. That worsened a fierce rivalry between the two agencies, which were both engaged in espionage. The rivalry became even more intense than that between the
354:, or the RU. As a result of the re-organization , carried out in part to break up Trotsky's hold on the army, the Fourth Department seems to have been placed directly under the control of the
1509:
1320:
505:), a GRU officer who defected to Great Britain in 1978 and wrote about his experiences in the Soviet military and intelligence services. According to Suvorov, even the
1759:
1729:
489:), who was the most senior Red Army intelligence officer ever to defect. It became widely known in Russia, and in the West outside the narrow confines of the
461:(PGU). At the time of the GRU's creation, Lenin infuriated the Cheka (the predecessor of the KGB) by ordering it not to interfere with the GRU's operations.
334:
As originally established, the
Registration Department was not directly subordinate to the General Staff (at the time called the Red Army Field Staff –
539:
963:
438:
1328:
275:
1744:
1749:
1724:
1754:
1739:
1638:
1480:
1053:
490:
982:, and in 1948 he was interviewed by the first secretary at the British Consulate in Istanbul, in reality the local station chief of the
404:, particularly the collection of intelligence of military or political significance from sources outside the Soviet Union. It operated
1520:
430:
175:
1709:
1695:
1681:
1664:
1656:
1615:
1550:
1468:
378:, who served until 1935 and again in 1937. He was arrested in May 1938 and subsequently murdered in July 1938 during the so-called "
346:, it was elevated in status to become the Second (Intelligence) Directorate of the Red Army Staff, and was thereafter known as the
978:, a Lieutenant-Colonel of the GRU, who defected to Turkey in 1942. At the end of World War II, the Turks revealed Akhmedov to the
1043:
1017:
466:
1114:
359:
209:
379:
1072:(pseudonym of Vladimir Bogdanovich Rezun), a GRU officer who defected to the SIS with his wife (also a GRU officer) in
1487:
983:
470:
434:
734:
1627:
1516:
1324:
1238:
812:
799:
1108:
283:
115:
31:
1598:
Hunt, Graeme. "Spies and
Revolutionaries – A History of New Zealand subversion" (Auckland: Reed, 2009), p.171
1103:
1098:
532:
458:
355:
226:
17:
278:
until 1991. For a few months it was also the foreign military intelligence agency of the newly established
1255:
979:
597:
415:
302:
The GRU's first predecessor in Russia formed on
October 21, 1918 by secret order under the sponsorship of
343:
1224:
1158:
401:
271:
934:
204:
1232:
1214:
1129:
1066:, a GRU defector who sent a letter of defection to Stalin in July 1937, found dead in September 1937.
1033:
975:
915:
695:
669:
411:
394:
371:
1260:
1174:
871:
838:
1295:
1144:
993:
543:
1491:
1285:
1184:
1079:
649:
636:
1453:
1343:
1228:
1209:
1194:
969:
511:
311:
279:
307:
1424:
tr. "Main
Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces. Reference"
1316:
1705:
1691:
1677:
1660:
1652:
1634:
1611:
1556:
1546:
1464:
1265:
1199:
1134:
924:
848:
708:
393:
The GRU in its modern form was created by Stalin in
February 1942, less than a year after the
319:
330:
was its first head. In his history of the early years of the GRU, Raymond W. Leonard writes:
298:
Showpiece of exhibition dedicated to 80th anniversary of
Russian foreign intelligence service
1179:
1169:
1149:
1005:
858:
482:
478:
266:
260:
241:
1669:
1644:
1339:
1039:
1023:
907:
902:
825:
773:
623:
610:
1082:, an illegal GRU officer turned double agent by the FBI in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 1959.
1333:
1300:
1139:
1124:
1069:
1029:
760:
747:
682:
587:
502:
498:
425:
The GRU was known in the Soviet government for its fierce independence from the rival "
1718:
1290:
1280:
1275:
1153:
1093:
1049:
1009:
999:
911:
786:
721:
659:
579:
509:, when entering the GRU headquarters, needed to go through a security screening. In
426:
383:
327:
1734:
1270:
1204:
1163:
1063:
1013:
419:
405:
397:. From April 1943 the GRU handled human intelligence exclusively outside the USSR.
303:
193:
1402:
1651:
Cass series on Soviet military theory and practice ; 3. London: Cass, 1990.
1427:
1251:
1219:
1189:
1119:
494:
387:
137:
987:
884:
322:, deputy to Trotsky; it was originally known as the Registration Directorate (
27:
Foreign military intelligence service of the Soviet Union and Russia (1918-92)
1312:
363:
1608:
Secret soldiers of the revolution: Soviet military intelligence, 1918–1933.
996:, a communist member of GRU; defected to United States during the Cold War.
972:, an American journalist and ex-GRU agent who broke with Communism in 1938
1574:
Intelligence, Defence and
Diplomacy: British Policy in the Post-War World
1419:
529:
525:
315:
188:
131:
1481:"The Technology Acquisition Effort of the Soviet Intelligence Services"
362:. Thereafter its analysis and reports went directly to the GKO and the
1026:, a GRU intelligence officer who defected to U.S. authorities in 1992.
549:, inspecting the vessel and receiving some of the captured equipment.
1356:
1073:
55:
1674:
Through the Eyes of the Enemy: The
Autobiography of Stanislav Lunev
1510:"The Capture of the USS Pueblo and Its Effect on SIGINT Operations"
358:(Gosudarstvennaia komissiia oborony, or GKO), the successor of the
1631:Советская разведка на Ближнем и Среднем Востоке в 1920—30-х годах.
1166:, a scientist who stole atomic secrets from the Manhattan Project.
375:
293:
203:
1560:
1057:
450:
446:
442:
1420:Главное разведывательное управление Генштаба ВС России. Справка
30:
This article is about the Soviet GRU. For the Russian GRU, see
454:
1042:, a high-ranking GRU officer who volunteered to spy for the
507:
General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
1346:
from 1962 to 1983 and spied for the Soviets for 20 years
1056:, allegedly kidnapped and killed in New York in 1937 by
1032:, a GRU officer who played an important role during the
528:, the Sixth Directorate was responsible for monitoring
481:, and described in detail in the 1939 autobiography of
90:
Fifth Department of the Russian Imperial Chief of Staff
306:(then the civilian leader of the Red Army), signed by
242:[ˈglavnəjərɐzˈvʲɛdɨvətʲɪlʲnəjəʊprɐˈvlʲenʲɪjə]
231:
1002:, a GRU cipher clerk who defected to Canada in 1945.
342:(Registration Department). That year, following the
1321:
Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs
1052:, an American communist and founding member of the
556:
181:
171:
163:
155:
147:
124:
108:
100:
83:
67:
62:
1587:Historical Dictionary of World War II Intelligence
538:GRU Sixth Directorate officers reportedly visited
410:(residencies) all over the world, along with the
1610:Westport, Conn.; London: Greenwood Press, 1999.
366:, apparently even bypassing the Red Army Staff.
374:, a Latvian Communist and former member of the
282:until 7 May 1992 when it was dissolved and the
1458:
250:
219:
8:
1576:, Oxon and New York: Routledge, 2013, p. 211
1405:[Military intelligence: 1941–1945].
542:following the capture (January 1968) of the
395:invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany
39:
18:Main Intelligence Directorate (Soviet Union)
1490:. June 18, 1982. p. 23. Archived from
1336:Naval GRU, served in US August 1943 to 1956
370:The first head of the 4th Directorate was
54:
964:List of Soviet and Eastern Bloc defectors
1572:Richard J. Aldrich, Michael F. Hopkins,
1329:United States Department of the Interior
276:General Staff of the Soviet Armed Forces
1545:, New York: Random House, p. 799,
1368:
233:Glavnoye razvedyvatel'noye upravleniye
45:Glavnoje Razvedyvatel'noje Upravlenije
38:
1760:Intelligence services of World War II
1730:Foreign relations of the Soviet Union
497:, in part thanks to the writings of "
400:The GRU had the task of handling all
265:
259:
240:
7:
1649:Soviet military intelligence in war.
1115:Sviatoslav Konstantinovich Mel'nikov
1054:Communist Party of the United States
1008:, a GRU defector who predicted that
1688:Inside Soviet Military Intelligence
1235:candidate for New York State Senate
427:internal intelligence organizations
221:Главное разведывательное управление
49:Главное разведывательное управление
1676:, Regnery Publishing, Inc., 1998.
431:Main Directorate of State Security
25:
1441:Secret Soldiers of the Revolution
1390:Secret Soldiers of the Revolution
1060:agents for an attempt to defect.
1018:Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact
467:Federal Bureau of Investigation
1745:Military intelligence agencies
1463:), 1985, Hamish Hamilton Ltd,
889:December 1958 – February 1963
817:September 1947 – January 1949
726:September 1937 – October 1938
560:
1:
1750:Signals intelligence agencies
1725:1918 establishments in Russia
1704:, 1987, Hamish Hamilton Ltd,
1589:, Scarecrow Press, 2008, p. 6
1519:. p. 177. Archived from
1403:"Военная разведка: 1941–1945"
876:October 1957 – December 1958
778:October 1941 – November 1942
615:January 1920 – February 1920
216:Main Intelligence Directorate
93:Expedition for Secret Affairs
40:Main Intelligence Directorate
1755:Soviet intelligence agencies
1740:Military of the Soviet Union
1541:Chambers, Whittaker (1952),
1342:, a commodore who served in
628:February 1920 – August 1920
1488:Central Intelligence Agency
863:August 1956 – October 1957
471:Central Intelligence Agency
435:State Political Directorate
232:
1776:
1508:Newton, Robert E. (1992).
961:
804:June 1945 – November 1947
791:November 1942 – June 1945
739:October 1938 – April 1939
713:August 1937 – August 1937
658:
286:took over its activities.
29:
1517:National Security Archive
1459:
1325:Board of Economic Warfare
946:July 1987 – October 1991
923:
901:
893:
883:
880:
847:
842:
837:
834:
830:January 1949 – June 1952
765:July 1940 – October 1941
653:
648:
645:
641:August 1920 – April 1921
602:July 1919 – January 1920
586:
584:November 1918 – July 1919
251:
220:
53:
44:
1109:Desmond Patrick Costello
843:June 1952 – August 1956
700:July 1937 – August 1937
654:April 1921 – March 1924
533:communication satellites
416:station in Lourdes, Cuba
116:GRU (Russian Federation)
74:as Registration Agency;
32:GRU (Russian Federation)
1633:– Саарбрюккен, 2014. –
1104:Eugene Franklin Coleman
1099:Joseph Milton Bernstein
894:March 1963 – July 1987
752:April 1939 – July 1940
687:April 1935 – July 1937
571:Leader(s) served under
459:First Chief Directorate
1526:on December 30, 2016.
491:intelligence community
368:
299:
212:
1497:on December 30, 2016.
1225:Irving Charles Velson
1020:, found dead in 1941.
420:Soviet-bloc countries
418:, and throughout the
402:military intelligence
356:State Defense Council
332:
297:
272:military intelligence
207:
1606:Raymond W. Leonard.
1233:American Labor Party
1034:Cuban Missile Crisis
916:Konstantin Chernenko
696:Yan Karlovich Berzin
670:Yan Karlovich Berzin
487:I Was Stalin's Agent
412:signals intelligence
372:Yan Karlovich Berzin
261:[ɡɨ̞‿rɨ̞‿ˈu]
1296:Alexander Ulanovsky
986:and a Soviet mole,
270:), was the foreign
176:Ministry of Defense
41:
1344:South African Navy
1229:Brooklyn Navy Yard
1159:Tadeusz Kobylański
970:Whittaker Chambers
674:1924 – April 1935
312:commander-in-chief
300:
280:Russian Federation
213:
208:The emblem of the
109:Superseding agency
84:Preceding agencies
1639:978-3-659-51691-7
1266:Vladimir Kvachkov
1135:Rudolf Herrnstadt
1016:would conclude a
950:
949:
935:Vladlen Mikhailov
925:Mikhail Gorbachev
849:Nikita Khrushchev
709:Alexander Nikonov
380:Latvian Operation
344:Soviet–Polish War
324:Registrupravlenie
320:Ephraim Sklyansky
230:
202:
201:
16:(Redirected from
1767:
1599:
1596:
1590:
1583:
1577:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1525:
1514:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1485:
1477:
1471:
1462:
1461:
1450:
1444:
1437:
1431:
1430:, 19 March 2009.
1417:
1411:
1410:
1399:
1393:
1386:
1380:
1375:Earl F. Ziemke,
1373:
1239:Stig Wennerström
1170:Ursula Kuczynski
1150:Mary Jane Keeney
1006:Walter Krivitsky
943:
859:Sergei Shtemenko
800:Fyodor Kuznetsov
562:
557:
483:Walter Krivitsky
479:Georges Agabekov
269:
263:
258:
254:
253:
244:
239:
235:
225:
223:
222:
79:
58:
42:
21:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1715:
1714:
1700:Viktor Suvorov
1686:Viktor Suvorov
1670:Stanislav Lunev
1645:David M. Glantz
1628:Павел Густерин.
1624:
1622:Further reading
1603:
1602:
1597:
1593:
1584:
1580:
1571:
1567:
1553:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1523:
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1507:
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1494:
1483:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1451:
1447:
1438:
1434:
1418:
1414:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1387:
1383:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1353:
1340:Dieter Gerhardt
1309:
1248:
1243:
1215:William Spiegel
1130:Tanner Greimann
1089:
1040:Dmitri Polyakov
1024:Stanislav Lunev
976:Ismail Akhmedov
966:
960:
955:
937:
914:
910:
908:Leonid Brezhnev
903:Pyotr Ivashutin
826:Matvei Zakharov
774:Alexei Panfilov
735:Alexander Orlov
624:Voldemar Aussem
611:Georgy Pyatakov
555:
522:
429:", such as the
318:(RKKA), and by
308:Jukums Vācietis
292:
256:
245:), abbreviated
237:
198:
143:
120:
96:
73:
72:
71:5 November 1918
63:Agency overview
48:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1394:
1381:
1379:60(2001): 130.
1377:Russian Review
1367:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1359:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1337:
1334:Edna Patterson
1331:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1301:Ignacy Witczak
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1261:Yakov Grigorev
1258:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1241:
1236:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1200:Alexander Radó
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1175:Stefan Litauer
1172:
1167:
1161:
1156:
1147:
1142:
1140:Arvid Jacobson
1137:
1132:
1127:
1125:Harold Glasser
1122:
1117:
1112:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1077:
1070:Viktor Suvorov
1067:
1061:
1047:
1037:
1030:Oleg Penkovsky
1027:
1021:
1003:
997:
991:
973:
962:Main article:
959:
956:
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951:
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890:
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878:
877:
874:
872:Mikhail Shalin
869:
865:
864:
861:
856:
852:
851:
845:
844:
841:
839:Mikhail Shalin
836:
832:
831:
828:
823:
819:
818:
815:
813:Nikolai Trusov
810:
806:
805:
802:
797:
793:
792:
789:
784:
780:
779:
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767:
766:
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761:Filipp Golikov
758:
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753:
750:
748:Ivan Proskurov
745:
741:
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732:
728:
727:
724:
719:
715:
714:
711:
706:
702:
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693:
689:
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685:
683:Semyon Uritsky
680:
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588:Vladimir Lenin
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554:
551:
521:
518:
503:Vladimir Rezun
499:Viktor Suvorov
291:
288:
274:agency of the
249:(Russian:
218:(Russian:
200:
199:
197:
196:
191:
185:
183:
182:Child agencies
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1710:0-241-11961-8
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1696:0-02-615510-9
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1682:0-89526-390-4
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1665:0-7146-4076-X
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1657:0-7146-3374-7
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1616:0-313-30990-6
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1552:9780895269157
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1469:0-241-11545-0
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1302:
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1297:
1294:
1292:
1291:Alfred Tilton
1289:
1287:
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1277:
1276:Richard Sorge
1274:
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1206:
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1186:
1183:
1181:
1180:Seán MacBride
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1154:Philip Keeney
1151:
1148:
1146:
1145:Gerhard Kegel
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1094:Stig Bergling
1092:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1050:Juliet Poyntz
1048:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1010:Joseph Stalin
1007:
1004:
1001:
1000:Igor Gouzenko
998:
995:
994:Iavor Entchev
992:
989:
985:
981:
977:
974:
971:
968:
967:
965:
957:
952:
945:
941:
936:
933:
930:
929:
926:
921:
920:
917:
913:
912:Yuri Andropov
909:
906:
904:
898:
897:
892:
888:
886:
879:
875:
873:
870:
867:
866:
862:
860:
857:
854:
853:
850:
846:
840:
833:
829:
827:
824:
821:
820:
816:
814:
811:
808:
807:
803:
801:
798:
795:
794:
790:
788:
787:Ivan Ilyichev
785:
782:
781:
777:
775:
772:
769:
768:
764:
762:
759:
756:
755:
751:
749:
746:
743:
742:
738:
736:
733:
730:
729:
725:
723:
722:Semyon Gendin
720:
717:
716:
712:
710:
707:
704:
703:
699:
697:
694:
691:
690:
686:
684:
681:
678:
677:
673:
671:
668:
665:
664:
661:
660:Joseph Stalin
657:
651:
644:
640:
638:
635:
632:
631:
627:
625:
622:
619:
618:
614:
612:
609:
606:
605:
601:
599:
596:
593:
592:
589:
583:
581:
580:Semyon Aralov
578:
575:
574:
570:
567:
564:
559:
558:
552:
550:
548:
547:
541:
536:
534:
531:
527:
519:
517:
514:
513:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
474:
472:
468:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
408:
403:
398:
396:
391:
389:
385:
384:Joseph Stalin
381:
377:
373:
367:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
336:Polevoi Shtab
331:
329:
328:Semyon Aralov
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
296:
289:
287:
285:
281:
277:
273:
268:
267:[gru]
262:
248:
243:
234:
228:
217:
211:
206:
195:
192:
190:
187:
186:
184:
180:
177:
174:
172:Parent agency
170:
166:
164:Annual budget
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
139:
136:
133:
130:
129:
127:
123:
117:
114:
113:
111:
107:
103:
99:
92:
89:
88:
86:
82:
77:
70:
66:
61:
57:
52:
43:
37:
33:
19:
1701:
1687:
1673:
1648:
1630:
1607:
1594:
1586:
1585:Nigel West,
1581:
1573:
1568:
1542:
1536:
1527:
1521:the original
1503:
1492:the original
1475:
1452:
1448:
1440:
1435:
1423:
1415:
1406:
1397:
1389:
1384:
1376:
1371:
1307:Naval agents
1286:Joshua Tamer
1281:Moishe Stern
1271:Hede Massing
1205:Vincent Reno
1185:Robert Osman
1164:George Koval
1080:Kaarlo Tupmi
1064:Ignace Reiss
1014:Adolf Hitler
650:Arvid Zeybot
637:Yan Lentsman
598:Sergei Gusev
545:
537:
523:
510:
486:
475:
463:
424:
407:rezidenturas
406:
399:
392:
369:
351:
347:
339:
335:
333:
323:
310:, the first
304:Leon Trotsky
301:
246:
215:
214:
194:Spetsnaz GRU
148:Headquarters
125:Jurisdiction
75:
36:
1428:RIA Novosti
1252:Boris Bukov
1220:Lydia Stahl
1210:Elie Renous
1195:Adam Priess
1190:Ward Pigman
1120:Klaus Fuchs
938: [
540:North Korea
524:During the
495:perestroika
473:in the US.
388:Great Purge
284:Russian GRU
140:(1946–1991)
138:Soviet Army
134:(1918–1946)
1719:Categories
1363:References
1246:"Illegals"
988:Kim Philby
885:Ivan Serov
520:Activities
340:Registrupr
326:, or RU).
167:Classified
159:Classified
104:7 May 1992
78:since 1942
1439:Leonard,
1388:Leonard,
1317:Naval GRU
1313:Jack Fahy
1111:(alleged)
958:Defectors
953:Personnel
553:Directors
535:traffic.
493:, during
414:(SIGINT)
364:Politburo
352:Razvedupr
348:Razvedupr
227:romanized
156:Employees
101:Dissolved
1702:Spetsnaz
1690:, 1984,
1561:52005149
1460:Аквариум
1454:Aquarium
1443:, p.xiv.
1407:hrono.ru
1351:See also
1254:RU RKKA
1076:in 1978.
1046:in 1962.
530:Intelsat
526:Cold War
512:Aquarium
457:and the
433:(GUGB),
316:Red Army
132:Red Army
47:ГРУ СССР
1543:Witness
1392:, p. 7.
1256:officer
437:(GPU),
314:of the
290:History
1708:
1694:
1680:
1663:
1655:
1637:
1614:
1559:
1549:
1467:
1357:SMERSH
1087:Agents
1074:Geneva
980:Allies
546:Pueblo
151:Moscow
68:Formed
1524:(PDF)
1513:(PDF)
1495:(PDF)
1484:(PDF)
942:]
868:(19)
382:" of
376:Cheka
189:Osnaz
1706:ISBN
1692:ISBN
1678:ISBN
1661:ISBN
1653:ISBN
1635:ISBN
1612:ISBN
1557:LCCN
1547:ISBN
1465:ISBN
1152:and
1058:NKVD
1012:and
692:(7)
568:Term
565:Head
544:USS
469:and
451:NKGB
447:NKVD
443:OGPU
360:RVSR
257:IPA:
238:IPA:
1735:GRU
1422:. (
1319:),
1044:FBI
984:SIS
931:23
899:22
881:21
855:20
835:19
822:18
809:17
796:16
783:15
770:14
757:13
744:12
731:11
718:10
561:No.
501:" (
455:KGB
439:MGB
386:'s
252:ГРУ
247:GRU
210:RVS
76:GRU
1721::
1672:.
1659:,
1647:.
1555:,
1515:.
1486:.
1426:)
1327:;
1323:;
1231:;
1227:,
940:ru
705:9
679:8
666:7
646:6
633:5
620:4
607:3
594:2
576:1
453:,
449:,
445:,
441:,
422:.
390:.
264:,
255:,
236:,
224:,
1641:.
1457:(
1409:.
1315:(
1036:.
990:.
485:(
229::
34:.
20:)
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