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279:, is significantly different from the others. The DUL was supposed to list addresses which are dynamically assigned to end-users (but in practice it also includes statically-allocated ones), which are not directly related to spam, and there is no evidence in MAPS archives of any such address having been used to relay spam.
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Looking at more current results, over the last 10 years shows that the DUL is responsible for blocking the majority of spam messages. The DUL mostly stops compromised end-user machines (and routers) from being abused to send spam. The following table shows these results, as percentage of spam
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DUL's purpose was to educate users to relay mail through an acknowledged ISP, rather than running their own mail servers. Doing this would bring various advantages and disadvantages; Acknowledged ISPs can, in general, afford to monitor their systems more thoroughly in order to avoid viruses,
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acquired Kelkea, which brought substantial improvement to the subscription mechanism, including a fully automated method for getting temporary subscriptions. In addition, subscribers were provided with personalised web pages where they can view reports, and also set up
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It generates an amount of false positives much higher than MAPS claims to be aware of, blocking many legitimate websites and end users, and yet catching only an estimated 2% of spam. This study, however, was done in 2002, and involved only the RBL, not the DUL.
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response. MAPS explained as their expectation to get enough funds from free support failed, they were forced to make this decision. However, the spirit of the company remained as that of a non-profit organization. Their subscription page was quite hidden in their
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with a formal definition. While it may be relatively straightforward to recognize ISPs who are network providers, mailbox providers are easily confused with end-users of different kinds. When coupled with the ability to easily whitelist IPs by
295:. But it also prevents users of their own domain to publish a proper SPF policy. In addition, ISP email relays are incompatible with fine-grained IP address blocking: if they relay spam and get blocked, it affects all users.
193:, well known Internet software engineers, started keeping a list of IP addresses which had sent out spam or engaged in other objectionable behavior. The list became known as the
197:(RBL). Many network managers wanted to use the RBL to block unwanted e-mail. Thus, Rand and Vixie created a DNS-based distribution scheme which quickly became popular.
311:/region to correct obvious shortcomings, using the DUL to block mail may result in an obscure policy that jeopardizes the global reliability of email delivery.
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204:, inviting spammers to sue them and help them create case law. In 2000 MAPS was the named defendant in no fewer than three lawsuits, being sued by
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is not clear, so postmasters may just conclude that the more lists they use, the more spam they block. However, one of MAPS lists,
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Proposing so many lists can confuse a MAPS subscriber; postmasters may hurriedly subscribe to all lists. The difference between an
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options (whitelisting is particularly convenient, as it allows to whitelist thousands of IP addresses with a few clicks).
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In 2001 the company started to require a subscription for accessing their lists. Non-subscribed users received a dummy
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hijackers and similar threats. Furthermore, it paves the way for effectively exploiting policies like
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Being certain there was an absolute right to publish an anti-spam blacklist, MAPS published a
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In 2004 MAPS became a division of Kelkea, Inc, moved from
Redwood City to San Jose, and from
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130:. They provide five black lists, categorising why an address or an IP block is listed:
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Real-time
Blackhole List (RBL), the one for which MAPS is probably best known.
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web site, and their fax-based subscription mechanism was rather awkward.
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Non-confirming
Mailing List (NML), marketers who use opt-out strategy.
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Dialup Users List (DUL), blocks of addresses that include many
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243:. Dave Rand was the founder and CEO of Kelkea at the time.
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to it so that it can be listed with similar articles.
513:"Study finds filters catch only a fraction of spam"
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
216:. As the first lawsuit came in, MAPS brought in
220:as their Director of Legal and Public Affairs.
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144:Relay Spam Stopper (RSS), spam relays, e.g.
298:MAPS fails to disambiguate the concepts of
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
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271:which relays spam and a 'somehow open',
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151:Open Proxy Servers (OPS), naively open
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44:adding citations to reliable sources
557:needs additional or more specific
14:
291:authentication in order to block
185:The early history of MAPS is the
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511:Gwendolyn Mariano (2000-06-15).
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31:needs additional citations for
174:MAPS was founded in 1996 as a
55:"Mail Abuse Prevention System"
1:
180:anti-spam techniques (e-mail)
120:Mail Abuse Prevention System
287:, which rely upon end-user
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304:end-users of IP addresses
195:Real-time Blackhole List
309:local Internet registry
176:non-profit organization
189:itself. Dave Rand and
178:to pioneer innovative
477:Anti-spam techniques
202:"How to Sue Us" page
162:The acronym MAPS is
40:improve this article
293:email address abuse
212:, and survey giant
166:spelled backwards.
214:Harris Interactive
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570:adding categories
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248:Trend Micro, Inc.
187:History of DNSBLs
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51:Find sources:
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29:This article
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517:. Retrieved
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257:blacklisting
253:whitelisting
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38:Please help
33:verification
30:
515:. CNET News
559:categories
519:2010-03-23
483:References
472:Email spam
273:spam relay
269:open proxy
191:Paul Vixie
66:newspapers
599:Anti-spam
319:blocked.
263:Criticism
96:June 2011
593:Category
578:May 2024
566:help out
466:See also
225:unlisted
155:servers.
148:servers.
146:hijacked
564:Please
302:versus
277:the DUL
206:Yesmail
170:History
80:scholar
498:
459:19.4%
453:15.4%
450:32.3%
447:41.2%
444:23.7%
441:16.2%
438:13.8%
435:11.7%
418:29.2%
415:10.8%
412:17.3%
409:51.5%
406:48.8%
403:28.5%
400:21.4%
397:21.8%
389:65.1%
386:87.2%
383:55.2%
380:56.8%
377:41.4%
374:24.6%
371:35.0%
368:57.5%
365:66.7%
362:71.6%
210:Media3
141:users.
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456:8.4%
432:6.0%
424:6.2%
421:4.1%
354:2020
351:2019
348:2018
345:2017
342:2016
339:2015
336:2014
333:2013
330:2012
327:2011
128:DNSBL
87:JSTOR
73:books
500:5782
429:RBL
394:QIL
359:DUL
289:SMTP
255:and
241:.com
237:.org
230:.org
164:spam
153:SMTP
139:SOHO
124:MAPS
118:The
59:news
568:by
496:RFC
285:SPF
239:to
42:by
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