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The ears either have (1) a hole in the center or (2) an ovaloid shape with an extended curl. In the former style, the upper outer ear is formed into an ovaloid shaped with a hole in the center while the lower outer ear is formed by a lobe. On the other hand, the latter style explains the formation of
275:
Even though the burial jars are similar to that of the pottery found in
Kulaman Plateau, Southern Mindanao and many more excavation sites here in the Philippines, what makes the Maitum jars uniquely different is how the anthropomorphic features depict “specific dead persons whose remains they guard”.
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Altogether, a total of 29 burial jars and approximately 33 baskets or about 4 cubic meters of archaeological material have been collected. Most of them are now in the possession and care of the
National Museum while some are on display at the second level of Maitum Municipal Hall in an exhibit called
387:
The obtained measurements of Maitum jars without its anthropomorphic lid has the height of 43.5 cm, widest diameter of 36 cm, widest mouth diameter of 30 cm and a thickness of 0.7 cm. The shape was more of the torso of a male body. From the shoulder to the elbow, the arms measure
353:
The mouth is generally distinguished by how many teeth are showing. Some mouth hold (1) two rows of incised teeth, (2) one row of incised teeth, (3) two rows of teeth and tongue, (4) row of teeth with holes on each base, or (5) one row of teeth with a hole in the middle of each tooth. To several who
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during the 70's resulted in irreversible casualties in this historical site. It threatened future discoveries and prevented preservation. No complete Maitum jar in the form of a female has survived, but there are still evidence of its existence such as the many pottery shards of female breasts. This
199:
The information about “potteries bearing human forms encountered while treasure hunting for
Pacific War treasures” was shared through a phone call, on June 3, 1991, between a consulting geologist named Michael Spadafora and an archaeologist named Eusebio Dizon. Three days after, the archaeologist
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These feature were either applied or molded, and may be classified into male or female breasts with other qualities that may give hints on the age of the dead. To differentiate, male breasts are usually molded marked by a light curve topped with a nipple. On the other hand, several of the female
279:
So far, there have been four classified kinds of cover and lid: (1) Anthropomorphic motif or head, (2) Trunconical with simple appliquéd design, (3) Simple ovaloid with four ear handles, and (4) Trunconical with adz shape and round spinning shape motif. While there are three types of heads: (1)
311:
The heads of the anthropomorphic covers portray different facial expressions and emotions, ranging from happiness and contentment to sadness and grief. Other heads also display full sets of teeth; others appear to be toothless (way by which the chin and lips recede).
230:
of Pinol, Maitum (formerly a part of South
Cotobato Province), Sarangani. The first phase of the excavation ended in December 1991, the second was from April 8 to May 3, 1992, and the third and final phase was from January 17 to February 15, 1995.
315:
The method of shaping the head is rather similar from the standard potting technique of creating a round pot with a high or long neck. The presence of paint may be an indication of status, while the size of the heads is an indication of age.
324:
Since the eyes are believed to be expressive, the eyes portrayed in Maitum jars are given high regard in describing the dead. The eyes are classified to four major shapes: (1) almond, (2) ovaloid, (3) round and (4) rectangular.
150:; characterized by a design that suggests human figures with complete or partial facial features of the first inhabitants of Mindanao. Furthermore, they give emphasis to the Filipinos’ popular belief of life after death.
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There is also a variation between the eyelids of different individuals. Some are incised, appliquéd, protruding and flat. In addition, some eyes are ringed with black hematite paints.
161:
from
Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Laos, Cambodia, Burma and Indonesia gained interest on this initial find and a number of archaeological – either government or privately sponsored –
747:
157:, head of the archaeological team, this type of burial jars are "remarkably unique and intriguing" because they have not been found elsewhere in Southeast Asia. Thus, many
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12 cm and, consequently, 17 cm from the elbow to the fingers. Along with its cover, the burial jar is noted to have a total height of 70 cm.
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received photographs of exceptional artifacts collected by local residents. The artifacts have high probability of significance not only to the history of
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These jars have characteristics that belong to the
Developed Metal Age Period in the Philippines . According to the laboratory results determined through
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The Maitum
Archaeological Project of the National Museum team formally started on November 6, 1991. Ayub Cave, now referred to as Pinol Cave, is a
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the upper outer ear into an ovaloid shape with an extended curl going inside and the lower outer part consisting of the earlobe.
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Introduction. Fire in the hearth: Overview of prehistoric
Philippine pottery with reference to burial jars
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samples taken from the walls of a small earthenware vessel found inside one of the larger burial jars.
295:. All of these features represent and reflect the Maitum potters’ creativity and thinking abilities.
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as "The
Treasures of Maitum". And because of its significance the Pinol Cave was declared by the
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and organic material. The black paint may indicate where the hair of the dead has once been.
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The base of the nose are either (1) triangular, (2) concave, (3) beaklike or (4) bulbous.
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formation located approximately 1,000 meters due south of the
Mindanao shoreline with an
414:. Manila: National Museum of the Philippines. pp. xi–xii, 51–53, 56–59, 73, 78–82.
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breasts have no nipples distinguished by a shallow protrusion, and slightly sloping.
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176:. Two conventional dates were 1830 +/-60 B.P. and 1920 +/- 50 B.P. . Experts used
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366:. These human-like forms were associated with metal implements like
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have no teeth, the feature is only a gaping hole with a tongue.
208:. That's why when they found a fund sponsor for Dizon's trip to
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447:. Manila: National Museum of the Philippines. pp. 1, 14.
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Faces from Maitum: The archaeological excavation of Ayub Cave
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Plain, (2) Perforated, and (3) Painted red and black from
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The most common type of arms and hands are appliquéd and
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is an indication of equality in terms of the practice of
427:"Maitum jar: The other casualty of the war in Mindanao"
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Collection of the National Museum of the Philippines
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as an “Important Cultural Property” on May 5, 2009.
142:' archaeological team in Ayub Cave, Barangay Pinol,
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195:of the positions of the burial jars in Ayub Cave
165:have been conducted to recover these artifacts.
172:, these secondary burial jars date back to the
271:Detail on a jar cover molded into a human head
748:Archaeological discoveries in the Philippines
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8:
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28:
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573:El asesinato del Gobernador Bustamante
146:, Mindanao, Philippines. The jars are
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460:"The treasures of Maitum, Sarangani"
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307:A burial jar with a red-painted face
244:Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF)
536:National Museum of Natural History
506:National Museum of the Philippines
257:National Museum of the Philippines
140:National Museum of the Philippines
138:vessels discovered in 1991 by the
129:Maitum anthropomorphic burial jars
110:National Museum of the Philippines
32:Maitum anthropomorphic burial jars
25:
43:A complete burial jar from Maitum
226:of 6 meters. The site is on the
753:1991 archaeological discoveries
526:National Museum of Anthropology
458:Pineda, S. (October 14, 2012).
425:Espejo, E. (November 4, 2008).
240:Armed Forces of the Philippines
616:Maitum anthropomorphic pottery
18:Maitum Anthropomorphic Pottery
1:
291:and shell scoops, spoons and
287:Some jars are decorated with
531:National Museum of Fine Arts
550:(Region 6 satellite office)
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144:Maitum, Sarangani Province
92:Maitum, Sarangani Province
626:Philippine jade artifacts
204:, but also to the entire
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263:Physical characteristics
548:Old Jaro Municipal Hall
521:National Museum Complex
70:36 cm (14 in)
62:70 cm (28 in)
682:Alfredo E. Evangelista
631:Philippine shell tools
443:Gatbonton, E. (n.d.).
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466:on December 11, 2015.
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206:Philippine prehistory
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738:History of Sarangani
728:Culture of Sarangani
541:National Planetarium
687:Robert Bradford Fox
234:Unfortunately, the
697:Eduardo Quisumbing
677:Gemma Cruz-Araneta
410:Dizon, E. (1996).
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170:radiocarbon dating
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641:Tabon stone tools
636:San Diego galleon
594:The Parisian Life
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16:(Redirected from
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707:Jesus T. Peralta
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462:. Archived from
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136:secondary burial
106:Present location
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148:anthropomorphic
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155:Eusebio Dizon
153:According to
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604:Anthropology
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580:La Bulaqueña
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464:the original
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383:Measurements
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238:between the
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228:coastal area
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26:
702:Galo Ocampo
558:Collections
289:glass beads
249:jar burials
202:Maguindanao
163:excavations
133:earthenware
100:Philippines
90:Ayub Cave,
53:Earthenware
722:Categories
587:Spoliarium
392:References
85:Discovered
565:Fine arts
368:bracelets
224:elevation
220:limestone
184:Discovery
174:Metal Age
293:pendants
282:hematite
242:and the
236:conflict
210:Mindanao
120:Filipino
96:Mindanao
79:Iron Age
49:Material
374:Breasts
217:Miocene
193:Diorama
116:Culture
75:Created
670:People
657:Lolong
364:molded
59:Height
514:Sites
349:Mouth
299:Heads
67:Width
341:Nose
332:Ears
320:Eyes
178:soot
131:are
127:The
88:1991
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435:^
400:^
370:.
251:.
98:,
94:,
497:e
490:t
483:v
429:.
20:)
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