31:
422:
consequent upon the absence of any admission or denial. Release: The first part consists of release by way of renunciation of a right. The second consists of release by admission of payment. This book includes chapters dealing with conclusion of a contract of settlement and release, the consideration and subject matter of the settlement, the subject matter of the settlement, and fundamental conditions governing settlement and release.
39:
489:
957:
465:
395:
of acquiring possession of property which has been purchased, by paying the purchaser what he paid for it. This book defines matters relating to the interdiction of minors, lunatics, and imbeciles, as well as prodigals and debtors. In regards to pre-emption, this book includes conditions attaching to the right of pre-emption, the claim of pre-emption, and the effect of pre-emption.
171:, including a large team of scholars, issued in sixteen volumes (containing 1,851 articles) from 1869 to 1876 and entered into force in the year 1877. In its structure and approach it was clearly influenced by the earlier European codifications. Family law, which had been originally exempted and left in the domain of religious courts, eventually became a part of it in 1917, as the
330:). This book contains general hire specifications, questions relating to the contract of hire, questions relating to the amount of the hire, period of the hire, type of thing hired and matters relating thereto, rights and obligations of person giving and person taking on hire after the conclusion of contract, and matters of compensation.
367:
This book contains all legal information regarding trusts and trusteeship. A trust involves something that is entrusted to one person from another person for safe keeping. Trusts can also involve the loaning of something for use, meaning that the one accepting the loan is to enjoy use in the subject
317:
The first book of the
Mecelle is composed of seven chapters that focus on the jurisprudence and codification of laws regarding sale. These include standards of contracts, the subject matter of sales, matters relating to price, giving and taking delivery, and various categories of things sold and the
403:
This book is composed of law regarding joint ownership, in which a thing belongs absolutely to more than one individual. In this book, there is a distinction made between two classes of joint ownership. The first class is when joint ownership arises due to purchase or gift. The second class is when
394:
In this book, interdiction, constraint, and pre-emption are legally codified where interdiction consists of prohibiting any particular person from dealing with his own property; Constraint consists of wrongfully forcing a person through fear to do something without his consent. Pre-emption consists
385:
Wrongful appropriation is when a person takes and keeps another person's property without the owner's consent. This book is composed of law regarding wrongful appropriation and destruction of one's property by another. This book also defines direct and indirect destruction of property and the legal
421:
This book divides settlement into three parts and release into two parts. Settlement: The first part consists of a settlement by admission of the defendant. The second part consists of a settlement by denial of the defendant. The third part consists of a settlement by the silence of the defendant
376:
A gift consists of bestowing the ownership of property upon some other person without receiving anything in return. This section consists of two chapters that outline matters relating to the contract of gift and fundamental rules relating to gift, such as guidelines for the revocation of a gift.
505:
is in volumes 6-7, which do not include
Aristarchis's name. According to Johann Strauss, author of "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire," these two volumes "seem to have been edited solely by Demetrius Nicolaides". G. Sinapian, a scholar of Turkish studies and a jurist of Armenian descent,
358:
A pledge consists of setting aside property from which it is possible to obtain payment or satisfaction of some claim. Such property is then said to be pledged, or given in pledge. Book 5 includes the fundamental basis of the contract of the pledge, stipulations of the pledgor and pledgee,
412:
Book 11 is based on agency, which consists of one person empowering another person to perform some act for him. This book is composed of three chapters regarding the fundamental basis and classification of agency, conditions attaching to agency, and essential elements of agency.
404:
joint ownership comes about through contract and agreement of parties in the joint ownership. This book is composed of eight chapters including legal code on partition, walls and neighbors, jointly owned property which is free, joint expenses, and partnership.
54:
818:
Balta, Evangelia; Ayșe Kavak (2018-02-28). "Publisher of the newspaper
Konstantinoupolis for half a century. Following the trail of Dimitris Nikolaidis in the Ottoman archives". In Sagaster, Börte; Theoharis Stavrides; Birgitt Hoffmann (eds.).
438:
This book is based on actions, where an action is a claim against a person made by another person in court. This book includes conditions and fundamental rules relating to an action and the defense, as well as limitations to actions.
447:
This book is composed of four chapters that include law on the nature of evidence, documentary evidence and presumptive evidence, administering an oath, and preferred evidence and administration of an oath to both parties.
692:
541:
and Other
Official Texts into Minority Languages", wrote that "The translation was a demanding task" which "required abundant notes." Nicolaides also made his own Greek translation; the
204:) courts as well as in the Sharia courts of the Empire, Jews and Christians were for the first time subjected to Islamic law instead of their own law, but could now be called as
537:, and was released from 1873 to 1881. Both men were well-versed in Ottoman Turkish. Johann Strauss, author of "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire: Translations of the
688:
896:
224:, where it was never in force). The Mecelle was long-lasting in most places since it was effective, coherent, and difficult to dislodge. It remained in force:
430:
This book is composed of law regarding conditions governing admissions, the validity of an admission, the effect of an admission, and written admissions.
933:
456:
This final book of the
Mecelle is based on the legal administration of justice including codification of judges, judgement, retrial, and arbitration.
958:
Legislation ottomane, : ou
Recueil des lois, reglements, ordonnances, traités, capitulations et autres documents officiels de l'Émpire Ottoman
368:
of the trust. This section includes general conditions of trusteeship, as well as stipulations for depositing for safe keeping and loaning for use
290:
655:
490:
Législation ottomane, ou
Recueil des lois, règlements, ordonnances, traités, capitulations et autres documents officiels de l´Empire ottoman
587:
1028:
1018:
696:
861:
841:
665:
191:
legal tradition that enjoyed official status in the Empire, put into
European code-form. However, using the method of preference (
563:
council leaders agreed to fund the distribution of these volumes. He had translated two volumes which together had half of the
876:
281:
formally until 1984, although individual laws had gradually superseded it during the
Mandate as well as in the 1960s and '70s
197:), it also incorporated other legal opinions that were considered more appropriate to the time, including from non-Hanafis.
184:
into legal civil code comprehensible to the layperson belonging to any religious ideology and not just to
Islamic scholars.
820:
548:
gave Nicolaides, through the Ottoman Internal Affairs fund, 5,000 piastres due to the translations of the legal documents.
972:
968:
912:
542:
829:
986:
293:, but some provisions of Mecelle remain in force even after 1918, until abolishment of state Sharia courts in 1946.
964:
916:
233:
996:
906:
109:
69:
530:
515:
473:
286:
710:"Opšti Gra\Anski Zakonik U Bosni I Hercegovini: Kodifikacija Kao Sredstvo Transformacije Pravnog Sistema"
902:
1023:
494:
47:
599:
1003:
980:
952:
498:
274:
977:
657:
Islamic Banking in Pakistan: Shariah-Compliant Finance and the Quest to Make Pakistan More Islamic
939:
890:
636:
172:
168:
89:
57:
875:
and Other Official Texts into Minority Languages". In Herzog, Christoph; Malek Sharif (eds.).
857:
837:
661:
943:
833:
801:
788:
784:
771:
929:
628:
534:
477:
342:. This includes matters of contractual agreement and release from a contract of guarantee.
871:
Strauss, Johann (2010). "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire: Translations of the
85:
1012:
640:
545:
220:, the Mecelle remained a lasting influence in most of its successor states (except
822:
Press and Mass Communication in the Middle East: Festschrift for Martin Strohmeier
53:
38:
217:
613:
989:
81:
854:
Juristen: ein biographisches Lexikon; von der Antike bis zum 20. Jahrhundert
731:
Strauss, "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire," p. 27-28 (PDF p. 29-30)
632:
464:
339:
551:
Nicolaides also wrote a document stating that he translated volumes of the
289:
after 1878 Austro - Hungarian occupation, Mecelle was slowly replaced with
882:
852:
Schneider, Irene (2001). "Aḥmad Ğawdat Paša". In Michael Stolleis (ed.).
519:
193:
560:
514:
he used work by Ohannes Bey Alexanian as a basis. L. Rota, a lawyer of
327:
246:
239:
205:
17:
761:
Strauss, "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire," p. 33 (PDF p. 34)
752:
Strauss, "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire," p. 31 (PDF p. 33)
740:
Strauss, "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire," p. 28 (PDF p. 30)
722:
Strauss, "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire," p. 27 (PDF p. 29)
350:
This book includes matters of contracts dealing in transfer of debts.
326:
Book 2 is the legal codification of circumstances dealing with hire (
301:
297:
278:
267:
229:
188:
176:
117:
93:
709:
559:
into Bulgarian. He lacked funds to publish the entire collection;
463:
359:
fundamental rules relating to the pledge, and sale of the pledge.
253:
221:
97:
52:
37:
29:
386:
ramifications associated with each type of property destruction.
260:
180:
614:"Aftermath of a Revolution: A Case Study of Turkish Family Law"
961:. Constantinople: Imprimerie, Frères Nicolaides (in French)
522:), translated other parts, assisted by Alexander Adamides.
175:. It has been praised as the first successful rendition of
130:
In European languages, it has also been transliterated as
88:
in the late 19th and early 20th century. It is the first
689:
The Development of the Law in Israel: The First 50 Years
529:(Νομικοί κανόνες ήτοι Αστυκός Κώδηξ), was translated by
856:(in German) (2nd ed.). München: Beck. p. 23.
30:
216:
After the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire following
200:
As the Mecelle was eventually applied in the secular (
296:
The Mecelle also remained the basis of civil law in
34:
The Ottoman Civil Code (Mejelle) in Ottoman Turkish
748:
746:
468:The first volume of the Greek translation of the
452:Book 16: Administration of Justice by the Courts
390:Book 9: Interdiction, Constraint and Pre-emption
167:The code was prepared by a commission headed by
443:Book 15: Evidence and Administration of an Oath
381:Book 8: Wrongful Appropriation and Destruction
8:
187:The substance of the code was based on the
60:(1822–1895), the lead author of the Mejelle
895:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
588:"Mecelle" in Oxford Islamic Studies Online
934:International Islamic University Malaysia
878:The First Ottoman Experiment in Democracy
493:, a collection of Ottoman law edited by
232:until 1926, when it was replaced by the
580:
888:
848:- Volume 12 of Bamberger Orientstudien
506:translated the eight chapters of the
7:
73:
697:Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs
612:Yildirim, Seval (September 2005).
527:Nomikoi kanones ētoi Astykos Kōdēx
25:
27:Ottoman Empire civil code of 1877
417:Book 12: Settlement and Release
930:AL-MAJALLA English translation
1:
913:Encyclopedia of World History
621:Pace International Law Review
363:Book 6: Trust and Trusteeship
275:British Mandate for Palestine
983:- Has downloadable PDF files
543:Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
146:. In French, it is known as
830:University of Bamberg Press
654:Khan, Feisal (2015-12-22).
1045:
965:National Library of France
953:Aristarchi, Gregoire (Bey)
483:The French version of the
125:Majallah el-Ahkam-i-Adliya
114:Mecelle-ʾi Aḥkām-ı ʿAdlīye
1029:Turkish words and phrases
1019:Law of the Ottoman Empire
955:(1873, 1874, 1878, 1881)
945:Mecelle-yi ahkâm-i adliye
687:Guberman, Shlomo (2000).
660:. Routledge. p. 79.
116:, which derives from the
46:) in French published by
907:Martin Luther University
600:"Authority within Islam"
399:Book 10: Joint Ownership
346:Book 4: Transfer of Debt
338:Book 3 deals with legal
212:Post-Ottoman application
66:Mecelle-i Ahkâm-ı Adliye
42:The Ottoman Civil Code (
967:(BnF) Gallica: Volumes
919:, accessed January 2007
699:, accessed January 2007
633:10.58948/2331-3536.1151
917:online at bartleby.com
602:, halalmonk.com, 2013.
531:Konstantinos Photiadis
480:
474:Konstantinos Photiadis
287:Bosnia and Herzegovina
61:
50:
35:
948:(in Ottoman Turkish).
467:
56:
41:
33:
800:Balta and Kavak, p.
783:Balta and Kavak, p.
770:Balta and Kavak, p.
495:Demetrius Nicolaides
173:Law of Family Rights
121:مجلة الأحكام العدلية
112:name of the code is
48:Demetrius Nicolaides
1004:University of Crete
981:University of Crete
598:Abdal Hakim Murad,
499:Gregory Aristarchis
426:Book 13: Admissions
940:Ahmed Cevdet Pasha
571:laws at the time.
481:
291:General Civil Code
234:Turkish Civil Code
169:Ahmed Cevdet Pasha
152:Code Civil Ottoman
80:in short, was the
62:
58:Ahmed Cevdet Pasha
51:
44:Code Civil Ottoman
36:
903:info page on book
525:A Greek version,
512:Livre des Preuves
510:in volume 7. For
497:and published by
334:Book 3: Guarantee
16:(Redirected from
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885:. p. 21-51.
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535:Ioannis Vithynos
487:is available in
478:Ioannis Vithynos
434:Book 14: Actions
318:effect thereof.
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74:مجلۀ احكام عدلیە
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270:until the 1960s
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110:Ottoman Turkish
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997:Copies of the
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372:Book 7: Gift
366:
357:
349:
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322:Book 2: Hire
316:
313:Book 1: Sale
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284:
277:and, later,
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90:codification
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63:
43:
1024:Civil codes
1002:in Greek -
832:. pp.
218:World War I
1013:Categories
990:HeinOnline
812:References
673:9 February
627:(2): 355.
263:until 1953
256:until 1949
249:until 1932
242:until 1928
208:in court.
150:or as the
96:law by an
82:civil code
76:), or the
891:cite book
641:142666322
340:guarantee
206:witnesses
163:Enactment
942:(1887).
883:Wurzburg
555:and the
520:Istanbul
308:Overview
202:nizamiye
194:Istihsan
148:Medjéllé
140:Medjelle
100:nation.
999:Mecelle
987:Also at
978:Also at
693:Archive
569:Mecelle
561:vilayet
553:Mecelle
508:Mecelle
503:Mecelle
485:Mecelle
470:Mecelle
328:renting
273:in the
247:Lebanon
240:Albania
158:History
144:Meğelle
136:Majalla
132:Mejelle
98:Islamic
84:of the
78:Mecelle
18:Majalla
860:
840:
664:
639:
565:Düstur
557:Düstur
533:, and
302:Kuwait
298:Jordan
279:Israel
268:Cyprus
230:Turkey
189:Hanafi
177:Hanafi
118:Arabic
94:Sharia
826:(PDF)
637:S2CID
617:(PDF)
575:Notes
518:(now
472:, by
254:Syria
222:Egypt
142:, or
971:and
897:link
858:ISBN
838:ISBN
675:2017
662:ISBN
567:and
476:and
300:and
261:Iraq
181:fiqh
108:The
104:Name
64:The
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695:),
629:doi
285:In
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791:.
787:-
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
