20:
411:
consequent upon the absence of any admission or denial. Release: The first part consists of release by way of renunciation of a right. The second consists of release by admission of payment. This book includes chapters dealing with conclusion of a contract of settlement and release, the consideration and subject matter of the settlement, the subject matter of the settlement, and fundamental conditions governing settlement and release.
28:
478:
946:
454:
384:
of acquiring possession of property which has been purchased, by paying the purchaser what he paid for it. This book defines matters relating to the interdiction of minors, lunatics, and imbeciles, as well as prodigals and debtors. In regards to pre-emption, this book includes conditions attaching to the right of pre-emption, the claim of pre-emption, and the effect of pre-emption.
160:, including a large team of scholars, issued in sixteen volumes (containing 1,851 articles) from 1869 to 1876 and entered into force in the year 1877. In its structure and approach it was clearly influenced by the earlier European codifications. Family law, which had been originally exempted and left in the domain of religious courts, eventually became a part of it in 1917, as the
319:). This book contains general hire specifications, questions relating to the contract of hire, questions relating to the amount of the hire, period of the hire, type of thing hired and matters relating thereto, rights and obligations of person giving and person taking on hire after the conclusion of contract, and matters of compensation.
356:
This book contains all legal information regarding trusts and trusteeship. A trust involves something that is entrusted to one person from another person for safe keeping. Trusts can also involve the loaning of something for use, meaning that the one accepting the loan is to enjoy use in the subject
306:
The first book of the
Mecelle is composed of seven chapters that focus on the jurisprudence and codification of laws regarding sale. These include standards of contracts, the subject matter of sales, matters relating to price, giving and taking delivery, and various categories of things sold and the
392:
This book is composed of law regarding joint ownership, in which a thing belongs absolutely to more than one individual. In this book, there is a distinction made between two classes of joint ownership. The first class is when joint ownership arises due to purchase or gift. The second class is when
383:
In this book, interdiction, constraint, and pre-emption are legally codified where interdiction consists of prohibiting any particular person from dealing with his own property; Constraint consists of wrongfully forcing a person through fear to do something without his consent. Pre-emption consists
374:
Wrongful appropriation is when a person takes and keeps another person's property without the owner's consent. This book is composed of law regarding wrongful appropriation and destruction of one's property by another. This book also defines direct and indirect destruction of property and the legal
410:
This book divides settlement into three parts and release into two parts. Settlement: The first part consists of a settlement by admission of the defendant. The second part consists of a settlement by denial of the defendant. The third part consists of a settlement by the silence of the defendant
365:
A gift consists of bestowing the ownership of property upon some other person without receiving anything in return. This section consists of two chapters that outline matters relating to the contract of gift and fundamental rules relating to gift, such as guidelines for the revocation of a gift.
494:
is in volumes 6-7, which do not include
Aristarchis's name. According to Johann Strauss, author of "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire," these two volumes "seem to have been edited solely by Demetrius Nicolaides". G. Sinapian, a scholar of Turkish studies and a jurist of Armenian descent,
347:
A pledge consists of setting aside property from which it is possible to obtain payment or satisfaction of some claim. Such property is then said to be pledged, or given in pledge. Book 5 includes the fundamental basis of the contract of the pledge, stipulations of the pledgor and pledgee,
401:
Book 11 is based on agency, which consists of one person empowering another person to perform some act for him. This book is composed of three chapters regarding the fundamental basis and classification of agency, conditions attaching to agency, and essential elements of agency.
393:
joint ownership comes about through contract and agreement of parties in the joint ownership. This book is composed of eight chapters including legal code on partition, walls and neighbors, jointly owned property which is free, joint expenses, and partnership.
43:
807:
Balta, Evangelia; Ayșe Kavak (2018-02-28). "Publisher of the newspaper
Konstantinoupolis for half a century. Following the trail of Dimitris Nikolaidis in the Ottoman archives". In Sagaster, Börte; Theoharis Stavrides; Birgitt Hoffmann (eds.).
427:
This book is based on actions, where an action is a claim against a person made by another person in court. This book includes conditions and fundamental rules relating to an action and the defense, as well as limitations to actions.
436:
This book is composed of four chapters that include law on the nature of evidence, documentary evidence and presumptive evidence, administering an oath, and preferred evidence and administration of an oath to both parties.
681:
530:
and Other
Official Texts into Minority Languages", wrote that "The translation was a demanding task" which "required abundant notes." Nicolaides also made his own Greek translation; the
193:) courts as well as in the Sharia courts of the Empire, Jews and Christians were for the first time subjected to Islamic law instead of their own law, but could now be called as
526:, and was released from 1873 to 1881. Both men were well-versed in Ottoman Turkish. Johann Strauss, author of "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire: Translations of the
677:
885:
213:, where it was never in force). The Mecelle was long-lasting in most places since it was effective, coherent, and difficult to dislodge. It remained in force:
419:
This book is composed of law regarding conditions governing admissions, the validity of an admission, the effect of an admission, and written admissions.
922:
445:
This final book of the
Mecelle is based on the legal administration of justice including codification of judges, judgement, retrial, and arbitration.
947:
Legislation ottomane, : ou
Recueil des lois, reglements, ordonnances, traités, capitulations et autres documents officiels de l'Émpire Ottoman
357:
of the trust. This section includes general conditions of trusteeship, as well as stipulations for depositing for safe keeping and loaning for use
279:
644:
479:
Législation ottomane, ou
Recueil des lois, règlements, ordonnances, traités, capitulations et autres documents officiels de l´Empire ottoman
576:
1017:
1007:
685:
850:
830:
654:
180:
legal tradition that enjoyed official status in the Empire, put into
European code-form. However, using the method of preference (
552:
council leaders agreed to fund the distribution of these volumes. He had translated two volumes which together had half of the
865:
270:
formally until 1984, although individual laws had gradually superseded it during the
Mandate as well as in the 1960s and '70s
186:), it also incorporated other legal opinions that were considered more appropriate to the time, including from non-Hanafis.
173:
into legal civil code comprehensible to the layperson belonging to any religious ideology and not just to
Islamic scholars.
809:
537:
gave Nicolaides, through the Ottoman Internal Affairs fund, 5,000 piastres due to the translations of the legal documents.
961:
957:
901:
531:
818:
975:
282:, but some provisions of Mecelle remain in force even after 1918, until abolishment of state Sharia courts in 1946.
953:
905:
222:
985:
895:
98:
58:
519:
504:
462:
275:
699:"Opšti Gra\Anski Zakonik U Bosni I Hercegovini: Kodifikacija Kao Sredstvo Transformacije Pravnog Sistema"
891:
1012:
483:
36:
588:
992:
969:
941:
487:
263:
966:
646:
Islamic Banking in Pakistan: Shariah-Compliant Finance and the Quest to Make Pakistan More Islamic
928:
879:
625:
161:
157:
78:
46:
864:
and Other Official Texts into Minority Languages". In Herzog, Christoph; Malek Sharif (eds.).
846:
826:
650:
932:
822:
790:
777:
773:
760:
918:
617:
523:
466:
331:. This includes matters of contractual agreement and release from a contract of guarantee.
860:
Strauss, Johann (2010). "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire: Translations of the
74:
1001:
629:
534:
209:, the Mecelle remained a lasting influence in most of its successor states (except
811:
Press and Mass Communication in the Middle East: Festschrift for Martin Strohmeier
42:
27:
206:
602:
978:
70:
843:
Juristen: ein biographisches Lexikon; von der Antike bis zum 20. Jahrhundert
720:
Strauss, "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire," p. 27-28 (PDF p. 29-30)
621:
453:
328:
540:
Nicolaides also wrote a document stating that he translated volumes of the
278:
after 1878 Austro - Hungarian occupation, Mecelle was slowly replaced with
871:
841:
Schneider, Irene (2001). "Aḥmad Ğawdat Paša". In Michael Stolleis (ed.).
508:
182:
549:
503:
he used work by Ohannes Bey Alexanian as a basis. L. Rota, a lawyer of
316:
235:
228:
194:
750:
Strauss, "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire," p. 33 (PDF p. 34)
741:
Strauss, "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire," p. 31 (PDF p. 33)
729:
Strauss, "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire," p. 28 (PDF p. 30)
711:
Strauss, "A Constitution for a Multilingual Empire," p. 27 (PDF p. 29)
339:
This book includes matters of contracts dealing in transfer of debts.
315:
Book 2 is the legal codification of circumstances dealing with hire (
290:
286:
267:
256:
218:
177:
165:
106:
82:
698:
548:
into Bulgarian. He lacked funds to publish the entire collection;
452:
348:
fundamental rules relating to the pledge, and sale of the pledge.
242:
210:
86:
41:
26:
18:
375:
ramifications associated with each type of property destruction.
249:
169:
603:"Aftermath of a Revolution: A Case Study of Turkish Family Law"
950:. Constantinople: Imprimerie, Frères Nicolaides (in French)
511:), translated other parts, assisted by Alexander Adamides.
164:. It has been praised as the first successful rendition of
119:
In European languages, it has also been transliterated as
77:
in the late 19th and early 20th century. It is the first
678:
The Development of the Law in Israel: The First 50 Years
518:(Νομικοί κανόνες ήτοι Αστυκός Κώδηξ), was translated by
845:(in German) (2nd ed.). München: Beck. p. 23.
19:
205:
After the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire following
189:
As the Mecelle was eventually applied in the secular (
285:
The Mecelle also remained the basis of civil law in
23:
The Ottoman Civil Code (Mejelle) in Ottoman Turkish
737:
735:
457:The first volume of the Greek translation of the
441:Book 16: Administration of Justice by the Courts
379:Book 9: Interdiction, Constraint and Pre-emption
156:The code was prepared by a commission headed by
432:Book 15: Evidence and Administration of an Oath
370:Book 8: Wrongful Appropriation and Destruction
8:
176:The substance of the code was based on the
49:(1822–1895), the lead author of the Mejelle
884:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
577:"Mecelle" in Oxford Islamic Studies Online
923:International Islamic University Malaysia
867:The First Ottoman Experiment in Democracy
482:, a collection of Ottoman law edited by
221:until 1926, when it was replaced by the
569:
877:
837:- Volume 12 of Bamberger Orientstudien
495:translated the eight chapters of the
7:
62:
686:Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs
601:Yildirim, Seval (September 2005).
516:Nomikoi kanones ētoi Astykos Kōdēx
14:
16:Ottoman Empire civil code of 1877
406:Book 12: Settlement and Release
919:AL-MAJALLA English translation
1:
902:Encyclopedia of World History
610:Pace International Law Review
352:Book 6: Trust and Trusteeship
264:British Mandate for Palestine
972:- Has downloadable PDF files
532:Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
135:. In French, it is known as
819:University of Bamberg Press
643:Khan, Feisal (2015-12-22).
1034:
954:National Library of France
942:Aristarchi, Gregoire (Bey)
472:The French version of the
114:Majallah el-Ahkam-i-Adliya
103:Mecelle-ʾi Aḥkām-ı ʿAdlīye
1018:Turkish words and phrases
1008:Law of the Ottoman Empire
944:(1873, 1874, 1878, 1881)
934:Mecelle-yi ahkâm-i adliye
676:Guberman, Shlomo (2000).
649:. Routledge. p. 79.
105:, which derives from the
35:) in French published by
896:Martin Luther University
589:"Authority within Islam"
388:Book 10: Joint Ownership
335:Book 4: Transfer of Debt
327:Book 3 deals with legal
201:Post-Ottoman application
55:Mecelle-i Ahkâm-ı Adliye
31:The Ottoman Civil Code (
956:(BnF) Gallica: Volumes
908:, accessed January 2007
688:, accessed January 2007
622:10.58948/2331-3536.1151
906:online at bartleby.com
591:, halalmonk.com, 2013.
520:Konstantinos Photiadis
469:
463:Konstantinos Photiadis
276:Bosnia and Herzegovina
50:
39:
24:
937:(in Ottoman Turkish).
456:
45:
30:
22:
789:Balta and Kavak, p.
772:Balta and Kavak, p.
759:Balta and Kavak, p.
484:Demetrius Nicolaides
162:Law of Family Rights
110:مجلة الأحكام العدلية
101:name of the code is
37:Demetrius Nicolaides
993:University of Crete
970:University of Crete
587:Abdal Hakim Murad,
488:Gregory Aristarchis
415:Book 13: Admissions
929:Ahmed Cevdet Pasha
560:laws at the time.
470:
280:General Civil Code
223:Turkish Civil Code
158:Ahmed Cevdet Pasha
141:Code Civil Ottoman
69:in short, was the
51:
47:Ahmed Cevdet Pasha
40:
33:Code Civil Ottoman
25:
892:info page on book
514:A Greek version,
501:Livre des Preuves
499:in volume 7. For
486:and published by
323:Book 3: Guarantee
1025:
938:
889:
883:
875:
874:. p. 21-51.
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524:Ioannis Vithynos
476:is available in
467:Ioannis Vithynos
423:Book 14: Actions
307:effect thereof.
64:
63:مجلۀ احكام عدلیە
1033:
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259:until the 1960s
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59:Ottoman Turkish
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986:Copies of the
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913:External links
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660:. Retrieved
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449:Translations
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373:
364:
361:Book 7: Gift
355:
346:
338:
326:
314:
311:Book 2: Hire
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302:Book 1: Sale
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273:
266:and, later,
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79:codification
66:
54:
52:
32:
1013:Civil codes
991:in Greek -
821:. pp.
207:World War I
1002:Categories
979:HeinOnline
801:References
662:9 February
616:(2): 355.
252:until 1953
245:until 1949
238:until 1932
231:until 1928
197:in court.
139:or as the
85:law by an
71:civil code
65:), or the
880:cite book
630:142666322
329:guarantee
195:witnesses
152:Enactment
931:(1887).
872:Wurzburg
544:and the
509:Istanbul
297:Overview
191:nizamiye
183:Istihsan
137:Medjéllé
129:Medjelle
89:nation.
988:Mecelle
976:Also at
967:Also at
682:Archive
558:Mecelle
550:vilayet
542:Mecelle
497:Mecelle
492:Mecelle
474:Mecelle
459:Mecelle
317:renting
262:in the
236:Lebanon
229:Albania
147:History
133:Meğelle
125:Majalla
121:Mejelle
87:Islamic
73:of the
67:Mecelle
849:
829:
653:
628:
554:Düstur
546:Düstur
522:, and
291:Kuwait
287:Jordan
268:Israel
257:Cyprus
219:Turkey
178:Hanafi
166:Hanafi
107:Arabic
83:Sharia
815:(PDF)
626:S2CID
606:(PDF)
564:Notes
507:(now
461:, by
243:Syria
211:Egypt
131:, or
960:and
886:link
847:ISBN
827:ISBN
664:2017
651:ISBN
556:and
465:and
289:and
250:Iraq
170:fiqh
97:The
93:Name
53:The
894:at
825:-.
684:),
618:doi
274:In
255:in
248:in
241:in
234:in
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217:in
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890:(
888:)
855:.
835:.
793:.
780:.
776:-
763:.
701:.
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620::
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
