38:
561:
46:
575:
1006:
530:. Greensand glauconite is used as a water softener for its chemical-exchange properties. Greensand coated with manganese oxide (called manganese greensand) is used in well water treatment systems to remove dissolved (reduced) iron and manganese with the addition of an oxidant, usually potassium permanganate, under controlled pH conditions. It is also used as a type of rock for stone walls in areas where greensand is common.
385:
589:
426:: the Atherfield Clay 5–15 m (15–50 ft) thick, the Folkestone Beds 20–80 m (60–250 ft) thick; the Hythe beds 20–110 m (60–350 ft) thick and the Sandgate Beds 2–37 m (5–120 ft) thick. Although it appears both north and south of the London Basin it is not present everywhere beneath the
544:
Recently, glauconitic greensand has become a popular organic soil amendment. The porous properties of glauconite greensand allows for the absorption of water and minerals, making irrigation and nutrient delivery much more efficient (see
266:
and highly mature. The high concentration of this mineral is related to a depositional environment with a low sedimentation rate. The glauconitic siltstone has resulted from a high level flooding event in the
37:
911:
Geology of London: Special Memoir for 1:50,000 Geological sheets 256 (North London), 257 (Romford), 270 (South London) and 271 (Dartford) (England and Wales)
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271:
Basin. The sedimentary provenance is from supracrustal feldsic elements on a continental margin environment with an acidic magmatic arc (foreland basin).
464:. Like the Lower Greensand it is not present beneath the whole of the London Basin, apparently passing laterally into Gault clay east of a line between
262:
grades between 8% and 12%, thickness up to 50 m (160 ft) and are associated to the glauconitic levels, dark green in color. Glauconite is
635:
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732:"Estratigrafia, petrografia e mineralização de potássio em siltitos verdes do grupo Bambuà na região de São Gotardo, Minas Gerais"
287:
age. A distinction is made between the Upper
Greensand and Lower Greensand. The term greensand was originally applied by
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1031:
1022:
31:
1010:
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323:
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In Roman times in
Britain, coarse grits derived from the lower greensand were used to line the inner surface of
148:
549:). Greensand can be used to absorb excess water in clay-rich soils and to prevent water loss in sandy soils.
512:
resistance; as a result, greensand tends to be weak and friable. It is a common ingredient as a source of
858:
566:
409:
353:
The soil of the greensand is quite varied, ranging from fertile to fairly sterile. On the fertile soils
291:
to glauconitic sandstones in the west of
England and subsequently used for the similar deposits of the
1018:
654:
517:
580:
307:
295:, before it was appreciated that the latter are actually two distinct formations separated by the
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299:. The Upper Greensand was also once known as either the "Malm" or "Malm Rock Of Western Sussex".
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199:, greensand refers to a fertilizer produced from glauconitic siltstone units belonging to the
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that contains noticeable quantities of rounded greenish grains. These grains are called
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Both Upper and Lower
Greensand outcrops appear in the scarp slopes surrounding the
216:
152:
54:
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age. In the Weald the Lower
Greensand consists of four deposits which are partly
538:
475:
Outcrops of the Upper
Greensand occur in the southwest of England including the
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176:
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155:. Well known and important greensands are the Upper and Lower Greensands of
73:
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219:. It is a silt-clay sedimentary rock, laminated, bluish-green, composed of
1037:
49:
Occurrence of glauconitic siltstone in the Serra da
Saudade ridge, in the
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435:
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184:
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which has a greenish color. This term is specifically applied to shallow
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232:
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760:. British Regional Geology (4th ed.). British Geological Survey.
480:
453:
419:
397:
339:
319:
224:
196:
160:
140:
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630:. Developments in Sedimentology. Vol. 45. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
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input. Having accumulated in marine environments, greensands can be
672:
Neuendorf, K. K. E.; Mehl, J. P. Jr.; Jackson, J. A., eds. (2005).
383:
370:
358:
292:
44:
36:
96:. Greensand is also loosely applied to any glauconitic sediment.
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499:
315:
85:
69:
676:(5th ed.). Alexandria, VA: American Geological Institute.
491:
The green color of greensand is due to variable amounts of the
701:. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press. pp. 137–139.
362:
183:
sedimentary deposits, it appears to be most common in Eocene,
430:
which underlies the basin; the Gault lies directly on eroded
139:
Important exposures are known from both northern and western
966:(2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. pp. 1587–1588.
414:
The Lower
Greensand (known as the Woburn Sand north of the
377:
are popular long distance walking routes, for instance the
342:. Some minor seams are found further west in Devon in the
211:
age. The outcrops occur in the Serra da
Saudade ridge, in
913:. Keyworth, Nottinghamshire: British Geological Survey.
938:. British Regional Geology. British Geological Survey.
888:. British Regional Geology. British Geological Survey.
811:"South Downs Integrated Landscape Character Assessment"
306:
and the Weald. Prominent seams are to be found in the
283:, greensand usually refers to specific rock strata of
934:
Edmonds, E. A.; McKeown, M. C.; Williams, M. (1975).
167:
sedimentary strata underlying the coastal plains of
881:
460:deposited in areas of stronger currents than the
472:and of uncertain extent to the east of London.
175:. Although greensand has been found throughout
8:
962:(2005). Crittenden, J.; et al. (eds.).
27:Sand or sandstone which has a greenish color
649:
647:
621:
619:
617:
483:, remnants of a once much wider extent.
84:and consist of a mixture of mixed-layer
756:Gallois, R. W.; Edmunds, M. A. (1965).
613:
223:(40–80%), potassium feldspar (10–15%),
187:, and Cretaceous sedimentary deposits.
964:Water Treatment: Principles and Design
247:oxides (<1%), barium phosphate and
7:
909:Ellison, R. A.; et al. (2004).
25:
657:; Potter, P.; Siever, R. (1987).
373:colonise the poorer soils. These
41:Greensand (glauconitic sandstone)
1004:
661:. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
587:
573:
559:
863:Britain's Structure and Scenery
786:BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units
479:and East Devon Plateau and the
254:Enriched levels of potash have
438:rocks under much of the area.
251:elements phosphates (<1%).
111:environments that are rich in
1:
1009:The dictionary definition of
837:. Kent County Council. 1992.
537:(grinding bowls) produced in
231:(5%) and minor quantities of
987:Henig, M; Booth, P. (2000).
884:London and the Thames Valley
745:. São Paulo: UNESP: 157–171.
203:Formation, BambuĂ Group, of
782:"Upper Greensand Formation"
456:age. It represents a sandy
123:-rich, such as in the late-
1099:
1032:Delaware Geological Survey
1023:Arkansas Geological Survey
452:The Upper Greensand is of
445:
407:
32:Greensand (disambiguation)
29:
1051:Howe, John Allen (1911).
790:British Geological Survey
697:Russell, Dale A. (1989).
626:Odin, G. S., ed. (1988).
448:Upper Greensand Formation
324:South Downs National Park
730:Moreira, DĂ©bora (2016).
1060:Encyclopædia Britannica
880:Sumbler, M. G. (1996).
1028:Glauconite (Greensand)
400:
58:
42:
835:Greensand Way in Kent
567:Earth sciences portal
410:Lower Greensand Group
387:
48:
40:
1039:Greensand/glauconite
758:The Wealden District
392:greensand from near
115:detritus and low in
30:For other uses, see
739:Revista GeociĂŞncias
674:Glossary of Geology
581:Paleontology portal
487:Properties and uses
308:Vale of White Horse
149:southeastern Brazil
104:Greensand forms in
936:South-West England
699:An Odyssey in Time
659:Sand and Sandstone
628:Green Marine Clays
401:
365:are common, while
88:minerals, such as
59:
43:
1083:Sedimentary rocks
1054:"Greensand"
989:Roman Oxfordshire
637:978-0-444-87120-6
159:and occur within
16:(Redirected from
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1063:(11th ed.).
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1047:(as a commodity)
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869:Series. Collins.
859:Stamp, L. Dudley
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595:Dinosaurs portal
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547:soil conditioner
375:Greensand Ridges
285:Early Cretaceous
201:Serra da Saudade
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541:pottery kilns.
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442:Upper Greensand
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404:Lower Greensand
326:, elsewhere in
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78:marine sediment
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991:. p. 166.
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867:New Naturalist
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508:with very low
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446:Main article:
443:
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408:Main article:
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357:and stands of
336:Jurassic Coast
276:
273:
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213:Alto ParanaĂba
205:Neoproterozoic
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51:Alto ParanaĂba
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379:Greensand Way
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332:Isle of Wight
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793:. Retrieved
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532:
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481:Haldon Hills
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451:
416:London Basin
413:
388:A sample of
352:
312:Bedfordshire
304:London Basin
301:
278:
253:
217:Minas Gerais
194:
153:north Africa
138:
127:deposits of
103:
81:
65:
61:
60:
55:Minas Gerais
539:Oxfordshire
528:fertilisers
458:lithofacies
428:Chalk Group
424:diachronous
181:Precambrian
177:Phanerozoic
117:sedimentary
1072:Categories
1044:Mindat.org
609:References
603:Glauconite
510:weathering
496:glauconite
462:Gault Clay
390:Cretaceous
367:Scots pine
334:, and the
297:Gault Clay
264:authigenic
249:rare-earth
239:(<1%),
227:(10–60%),
221:glauconite
169:New Jersey
165:Cretaceous
135:Occurrence
129:New Jersey
125:Cretaceous
94:glauconite
82:glauconies
66:green sand
1078:Sandstone
1019:Greensand
1012:greensand
717:757072790
521:gardening
514:potassium
503:potassium
470:Tatsfield
466:Dunstable
381:in Kent.
344:Blackdown
328:Hampshire
245:manganese
229:muscovite
209:Ediacaran
179:and Late
100:Formation
74:sandstone
62:Greensand
18:Malmstone
861:(1946).
553:See also
506:silicate
436:Devonian
432:Jurassic
418:) is of
355:chestnut
241:titanium
237:goethite
215:region,
185:Cambrian
173:Delaware
90:smectite
57:, Brazil
53:region,
1030:at the
1021:at the
535:mortars
525:farming
518:organic
493:mineral
394:Swanage
350:hills.
233:biotite
157:England
113:organic
970:
942:
917:
892:
841:
795:22 May
764:
715:
705:
680:
634:
454:Albian
420:Aptian
398:Dorset
348:Haldon
340:Dorset
330:, the
322:, the
320:Surrey
269:BambuĂ
235:(2%),
225:quartz
197:Brazil
191:Brazil
161:Eocene
141:Europe
121:fossil
109:marine
106:anoxic
821:(PDF)
814:(PDF)
735:(PDF)
498:, an
371:birch
359:hazel
314:, in
310:, in
293:Weald
68:is a
968:ISBN
940:ISBN
915:ISBN
890:ISBN
839:ISBN
797:2013
762:ISBN
713:OCLC
703:ISBN
678:ISBN
632:ISBN
523:and
500:iron
468:and
369:and
361:and
346:and
316:Kent
243:and
171:and
163:and
151:and
92:and
86:clay
70:sand
960:MWH
516:in
434:or
363:oak
338:in
279:In
195:In
72:or
64:or
1074::
1057:.
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865:.
788:.
784:.
743:35
741:.
737:.
711:.
646:^
616:^
396:,
318:,
147:,
143:,
131:.
976:.
948:.
923:.
898:.
847:.
799:.
770:.
719:.
686:.
640:.
260:O
258:2
256:K
207:/
34:.
20:)
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