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Pioneers would hold parades, demonstrate their skills in various spheres of economic activity to underscore the contribution they were making to national development as well as affirm their loyalty to Dr Banda and his government. Over time the Youth Week was extended into a month-long event and other members of the
Malawian society, school children and later University students, were drafted in to 'donate' their labor and sweat in various local projects, classroom construction, footpaths and bridge repairing etc. Gradually what began as freewill transformed into coercion, in order to divert international development funds earmarked for such projects. To ensure such 'slave labor' was readily available the MYP transformed into an overzealous 'third security force' policing party meetings, markets, bus stations, Youth Week Programs and extracting 'tithes' that had to be handed to Dr Banda during his annual 'crop inspection tours' and political rallies as 'gifts from his people'.
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militarily, heavily armed, and thoroughly indoctrinated in the fashion of
Kamuzuism. In addition, they had about 45,000 supporters that were recruited and worked as domestics, students, lecturers etc... that served as informants. They were dismantled violently after the 1993 elections during Operation Bwezani "Give Back" or "Return" that was conducted by the then army commander general Manken Chigawa. In this case they were returning arms that the Pioneers had refused to give up. At the height of the political transition to democracy in 1993, the Malawi Army disarmed the Young Pioneers raising fears that it would also intervene in the political process leading to democracy by trying to depose Banda.
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into a 'spying' role where instructors 'informed' against fellow school teachers resulting in arrests & expulsions. They came to be viewed as advocates of rural development as far as young members of society were concerned. By 1989 there were MYP training bases in each of the 24 districts into which the country was then divided. Structured around the
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Politically, they were proponents of the 'positive side' of
Kamuzuism, "the ideology that Dr Hastings Kamuzu Banda, as Father and Founder of the Malawi nation, was the fount of all wisdom and always knew what was best for the nation". They were instrumental in helping Banda consolidate his power from
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Operation
Bwezani gave the Malawi Army the political and social power to resist Banda's regime after 30 years. This has led some scholars to suggest that the army was serving the regime of Malawi regardless of policies of the regime since they had the power to overthrow the regime and the MYP for 30
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Once trained, MYP were deployed to different parts of the country to work on rural development schemes. The big season for them, each year, was the month of April—a time of harvest in Malawi. Each year Dr. Banda would inaugurate the 'Youth Week'. This was a 'self-help' week when initially the Young
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where they provided basic military training to pupils. They were also responsible for identifying potential candidates who would then be dispatched to MYP bases for more training during the three-month school vacations between July and
October each year. Over time this responsibility disintegrated
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By 1992, there were an estimated 6,000 armed Young
Pioneers manning the various establishments of the organization. They conducted secret surveillance whilst they worked in farms, offices and warehouses, houses, garages, shops, training bases, etc. They were more or less adequately trained
211:. Over time the MYP branched off into business, enabling MYP entrepreneurs to pursue their dreams. The Spearhead Company, an MYP business unit, was created and soon spread its influence, alongside Dr. Banda's
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1964. But after 1973's Oil Crisis, as the
Malawian economy went into a tailspin the MYP cadre increasing transformed into a 'militaristic' tool of oppression.
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The MYP was established in 1963. Up to 1967, The Young
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and intelligence operations, and were Banda's most trusted bodyguards around
Hastings Kamuzu Banda. Both the
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throughout Malawi's economy. At one time
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years, but only acted after political intervention mandated it.
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Scouting Organization of the Association of Polish Youth
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433:"Journal of Peace, Conflict and Military Studies"
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895:Youth organizations established in 1963
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182:. MYP instructors were placed in every
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610:Finnish Union of Democratic Pioneers
47:adding citations to reliable sources
648:Ernst Thälmann Pioneer Organisation
600:Agostinho Neto Pioneer Organization
590:2nd December Young Pioneer Brigade
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900:1963 establishments in Nyasaland
890:Youth wings of political parties
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158:. Pioneers bore arms, conducted
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742:Union of Pioneers of Yugoslavia
688:Hungarian Pioneers' Association
580:José Martí Pioneer Organization
34:needs additional citations for
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846:Mangyongdae Children's Palace
763:Miao Miao Children's Regiment
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58:"Malawi Young Pioneers"
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142:Hastings Kamuzu Banda
131:Malawi Congress Party
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43:improve this article
461:"Operation Bwezani"
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217:Spearhead Airlines
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99:December 2010
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