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42:
441:
The song of fairywrens is pleasant and complex, and at least two species (superb and splendid) possess, in addition to the alarm calls common to – and universally understood by – most small birds, another vocalization used when confronted by predators. This, termed "Type II
419:
Malurids are small to medium birds, inhabiting a wide range of environments from rainforest to desert, although most species inhabit grassland or scrub. The grasswrens are well camouflaged with black and brown patterns, but other species often have brilliantly coloured plumage, especially in the
438:, meaning that although they form pairs between one male and one female, each partner will mate with other individuals and even assist in raising the young from such pairings. Males of several species pluck petals of conspicuous colours and display them to females for reasons unknown.
67:
649:
Driskell, Amy C.; Norman, Janette A.; Pruett-Jones, Stephen; Mangall, Elizabeth; Sonsthagen, Sarah; Christidis, Les (2011). "A multigene phylogeny examining evolutionary and ecological relationships in the
Australo-papuan wrens of the subfamily Malurinae (Aves)".
1393:
66:
427:, typically foraging in underbrush. They build domed nests in areas of dense vegetation, and it is not unusual for the young to remain in the nest and assist in raising chicks from later clutches.
240:
As with many other
Australian creatures, and perhaps more than most, the species making up this family were comprehensively misunderstood by early researchers. They were variously classified as
1303:
1329:
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analysis towards the end of the 20th century, their position became clear: the
Maluridae are one of the many families to have emerged from the great
1277:
1316:
468:
751:
Greig, Emma I.; Pruett-Jones, Stephen (2009). "A predator-elicited song in the splendid fairy-wren: warning signal or intraspecific display?".
798:
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543:"A phylogenetic hypothesis for passerine birds: taxonomic and biogeographic implications of an analysis of nuclear DNA sequence data"
1398:
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735:
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with the two other monospecific New Guinea genera and as such, they were later re-classified as separate species within the genus
810:
264:'s pioneering work on egg-white proteins in the mid-1970s, Australian researchers adopted the family name Maluridae in 1975.
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283:(Pardalotidae). Their obvious similarity to the wrens of Europe and America is not genetic, but simply the consequence of
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446:, and sometimes other predatory birds. Its purpose is, however, unknown; it does not seem to be a warning call.
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252:. In the late 1960s, morphological studies began to suggest that the Australo-Papuan fairywrens, the
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Fairywrens are notable for several peculiar behavioral characteristics. They are socially
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484:"Major global radiation of corvoid birds originated in the proto-Papuan archipelago"
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and two monotypic wren-like genera from New Guinea were related and, following
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between more-or-less unrelated species that share the same ecological niche.
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819:- Highlighting relationships of Maluridae on Tree Of Life Web Project
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Higher-level bird taxa restricted to the
Australasia-Pacific region
590:
Barker, FK; Cibois A; Schikler P; Feinstein J; Cracraft J (2004).
482:
Jønsson, K. A.; Fabre, P. H.; Ricklefs, R. E.; Fjeldså, J (2011).
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793:. Volume 12: Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions.
442:
Vocalization," is song-like and used when confronted by calling
217:
205:
132:
1163:
826:
592:"Phylogeny and diversification of the largest avian radiation"
268:
267:
With further morphological work and the great strides made in
1269:
698:"Lyrebirds, scrubbirds, bowerbirds & Australasian wrens"
290:
A 2011 analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA found the
216:. While commonly known as wrens, they are unrelated to the
787:
J.; Elliot, A. & Christie D. (editors). (2007).
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726:Garnett, Stephen (1991). Forshaw, Joseph (ed.).
275:in Australasia. Their closest relatives are the
488:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
541:Barker, FK; Barrowclough GF; Groth JG (2002).
838:
298:, both formerly lumped together in the genus
8:
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831:
823:
313:Currently, there are 6 genera recognized:
63:
40:
31:
625:
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730:. London: Merehurst Press. p. 196.
455:
721:
719:
704:. International Ornithologists' Union
652:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
224:(including sixteen fairywrens, three
7:
465:Interim List of Australian Songbirds
790:Handbook of the Birds of the World
25:
89:
813:on the Internet Bird Collection
728:Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds
696:; Donsker, David, eds. (2017).
1:
765:10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.02.030
702:World Bird List Version 7.3
672:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.03.030
1415:
982:White-shouldered fairywren
596:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
220:. The family comprises 32
201:, of small, insectivorous
408:– grasswrens (13 species)
180:
175:
86:Scientific classification
84:
74:
62:
48:
39:
34:
1399:Australasian realm fauna
1105:White-throated grasswren
1012:Orange-crowned fairywren
977:Purple-crowned fairywren
398:Subfamily Amytornithinae
390:– emu-wrens (3 species)
373:Orange-crowned fairywren
279:(Meliphagidae), and the
236:Taxonomy and systematics
1053:Rufous-crowned emu-wren
957:Blue-breasted fairywren
947:Purple-backed fairywren
617:10.1073/pnas.0401892101
509:10.1073/pnas.1018956108
1135:Thick-billed grasswren
1115:Short-tailed grasswren
1110:Carpentarian grasswren
992:White-winged fairywren
910:Broad-billed fairywren
559:10.1098/rspb.2001.1883
292:broad-billed fairywren
1356:Paleobiology Database
547:Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B
242:Old World flycatchers
987:Red-backed fairywren
962:Red-winged fairywren
952:Variegated fairywren
915:Campbell's fairywren
323:Subfamily: Malurinae
296:Campbell's fairywren
285:convergent evolution
1145:Kalkadoon grasswren
890:Wallace's fairywren
864:Subfamily Malurinae
664:2011MolPE..60..480D
608:2004PNAS..10111040B
602:(30): 11040–11045.
500:2011PNAS..108.2328J
343:Wallace's fairywren
1120:Striated grasswren
972:Splendid fairywren
463:Schodde R (1975).
250:Old World babblers
246:Old World warblers
191:Australasian wrens
35:Australasian wren
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1343:Open Tree of Life
1166:Taxon identifiers
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1156:
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1130:Western grasswren
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1043:Southern emu-wren
1023:Tribe Stipiturini
1018:
1017:
937:Emperor fairywren
799:978-84-96553-42-2
553:(1488): 295–308.
380:Tribe Stipiturini
232:) in six genera.
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77:Malurus coronatus
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16:(Redirected from
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494:(6): 2328–2333.
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273:corvid radiation
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330:– fairywrens
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1291:iNaturalist
1198:Wikispecies
753:Anim. Behav
694:Gill, Frank
436:promiscuous
415:Description
277:honeyeaters
208:endemic to
1378:Categories
1071:Subfamily
1033:Stipiturus
1004:Clytomyias
708:8 November
450:References
432:monogamous
387:Stipiturus
368:Clytomyias
281:pardalotes
254:grasswrens
230:grasswrens
218:true wrens
214:New Guinea
1384:Maluridae
1231:Maluridae
1218:Maluridae
1204:Maluridae
1174:Maluridae
1085:Amytornis
882:Sipodotus
855:Maluridae
759:: 45–52.
423:They are
405:Amytornis
336:Sipodotus
258:emu-wrens
226:emu-wrens
210:Australia
203:passerine
199:Maluridae
182:see text
163:Maluridae
109:Kingdom:
103:Eukaryota
18:Maluridae
1183:Wikidata
773:53169457
680:21466855
636:15263073
577:11839199
528:21262814
300:Malurus,
168:Swainson
159:Family:
123:Chordata
119:Phylum:
113:Animalia
99:Domain:
1189:Q420841
927:Malurus
857:species
853:Extant
660:Bibcode
604:Bibcode
568:1690884
519:3038755
496:Bibcode
420:males.
365:Genus:
359:Malurus
222:species
176:Genera
139:Order:
129:Class:
1361:373382
1348:901832
1322:557357
1309:108507
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402:Genus
384:Genus
356:Genus
347:Genus
333:Genus
248:, and
195:family
193:are a
170:, 1831
1335:55805
1304:IRMNG
1296:12061
1257:624L2
1244:91296
769:S2CID
304:clade
206:birds
80:song
49:Male
1330:NCBI
1317:ITIS
1283:5251
1278:GBIF
1270:7539
1239:BOLD
795:ISBN
732:ISBN
710:2017
676:PMID
632:PMID
573:PMID
524:PMID
469:RAOU
294:and
212:and
189:The
133:Aves
1265:EoL
1252:CoL
1226:AFD
1213:ADW
761:doi
668:doi
622:PMC
612:doi
600:101
563:PMC
555:doi
551:269
514:PMC
504:doi
492:108
269:DNA
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54:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
