869:, making it one of the few mamenchisaurs known from outside the Sichuan basin; the locality is thought to date to around 162.2 million years ago. The location of the quarry the specimen was found in was originally reported as being 22 kilometres (14 miles) north of an abandoned town, Jiangjunmiao. However, the original authors reported incorrect coordinates for the quarry that were later corrected by a subsequent study. The coarse and weak sandstone the specimen was preserved in, alongside the large and fragile nature of the bones, impeded excavation, leading to only the most anterior vertebrae being recovered despite more neck material being present. The specimen was named as a new species of
1090:
1306:
597:
737:
6464:
6475:
1423:
6482:
7876:
165:
8608:
9843:
9837:
1117:. The paratype specimen included three anterior cervical vertebrae, several weathered dorsal vertebrae, various caudal vertebrae including a nearly articulated column, relatively complete hind and forelimbs, and isolated teeth. The third specimen preserved a column of cervical vertebrae with articulated ribs, four fused sacral vertebrae, several caudal vertebrae, a complete scapulocoracoid, various limb bones, and isolated teeth.
7881:
140:
1110:. Another specimen (JV002) was found in the village of Sanjiang approximately 10 kilometers (6 mi) from Meiwang and became the paratype. A third specimen (CV00219) found near the village of Dujia, about 10 kilometers from Sanjiang. The fossils were located in the Sichuan basin, from the Upper Shaximiao Formation. The species name refers to Jingyan County from which the majority of specimens were excavated.
7338:
9832:
7330:
9826:
8600:
6470:
7350:
7344:
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1200:. It is known from the remains of several individuals, ranging from juvenile to adult, from the Upper Shaximiao Formation. The largest individuals were estimated to have a length of 16 metres (52 ft) It was originally described by Zhang Suping in her 1981 thesis as "Omeisaurus guangyuanensis", but in 1997, Li and Cai listed it as a species of
1257:
948:. The neural arches of the vertebrae were well fused to the centra suggesting that the animal was mature. The authors noted that the teeth are fully erupted but unworn, possibly suggesting the animal starved. Due to the limited amount of bone at the cliff base, the authors proposed that the cervical vertebrae broke away before full
649:. Fourteen neck vertebrae were preserved, but none were complete. Young noted that some neck vertebrae might have been missing. Limb material included; two pieces of a femur, a complete tibia, fibula, astragalus, metatarsals, phalanges, and claws. The skull, forelimbs, and pelvic girdle were missing.
1020:
was described in 1996 by Xinlu He and colleagues. The remains were discovered in 1987 from two locations near the town of
Longchiaoxiang in the Sichuan Basin. At one quarry, at least five to six individuals were found. At a second quarry, four individuals were found. One of these became the holotype,
1455:
was estimated by Zhang and colleagues to be between 20 and 26 meters (66 and 85 ft) in length. Paul estimated it at 20 meters (66 ft) with a mass of 12 tonnes (13 short tons). The skull was restored at 55 centimeters (22 in) in length. There were four teeth in the premaxilla, 14–16 in
1514:
and found that when articulated in a neutral posture, the neck was almost straight, with a slight upward bend at the base and a slight downward bend towards the head. The base of the neck has comparatively high upward flexibility but limited downward flexibility. The region near the head had better
1462:
have forked chevrons (or sled chevrons) starting around the middle of the tail, similar to those seen in diplodocids; these chevrons curve strongly backwards and add a forward projection. Paul has argued that these types of chevrons are adaptations linked to rearing behaviour. In a tripodal stance,
793:
The holotype specimen (CCG V 20401) consisted of an almost complete and articulated vertebral column; including 19 elongated cervical vertebrae, which were almost entirely preserved, 12 dorsal vertebrae, four sacral vertebrae, and 35 caudal vertebrae with only the last several missing. Also missing
1448:
was estimated at 7.87 tonnes (8.68 short tons) using volumetric techniques. The holotype specimen preserves a nearly complete skull. There were four teeth in the premaxilla, 18 in the maxilla, and 22 to 24 in the dentary. An unusual part of the skeleton is the wedge-shaped sacrum; this causes the
1400:
to be 69–77% air by volume, assuming complete removal of bone marrow. The mandible was 60.3 centimeters (23.7 in) in length and had 19 teeth. In contrast to the more squared-off jaws of diplodocids, the front of the mandibles met at an oblique angle. Two as-yet-undescribed cervical vertebrae
1056:
The holotype specimen preserved eight posterior cervical vertebrae, twelve dorsal vertebrae, five sacral vertebrae, several caudal vertebrae, and a complete pelvis. Another specimen (AL102) preserved five articulated cervical vertebrae from the middle of the neck. Except for the digit bones, the
4618:
Tan, Chao; Dai, Hui; He, Jian-Jun; Zhang, Feng; Hu, Xu-Feng; Yu, Hai-Dong; Li, Ning; Wei, Guang-Biao; Peng, Guang-Zhao; Ye, Yong; Zhang, Qian-Nan; Ren, Xin-Xin; You, Hai-Lu (2019). "Discovery of
Omeisaurus (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) in the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation of Yunyang, Chongqing,
3733:
was found in the
Suining Formation, thought initially to be Middle to Late Jurassic. A 2019 study found these rocks belonged to the Early Cretaceous, Aptian Stage, with an average age of around 114.4 mya. This indicates that mamenchisaurids might have existed around 30 million years longer than
1288:
However, the humerus was reassessed by Azuma & Tomida in 1998, and
Barrett and colleagues in 2002. These authors could not find any distinguishing features that could place the humerus into a specific sauropod group. They regarded it as an indeterminate sauropod. The remains were given an
3718:
bearing beds of the Lower
Shaximiao Formation, previously thought to belong to the Middle Jurassic. However, the radiometric dating found the Lower Shaximiao Formation dated to the Late Jurassic, Oxfordian Stage, around 159 million years ago (mya). This finding suggests a younger age for the
1078:
The holotype specimen (ZDM 0083) was very complete and mostly articulated, preserving all the vertebrae from the head down to the 8th tail vertebra. Also preserved were the pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, and material from all four limbs. This specimen also preserved a nearly complete skull.
1347:
is not particularly well preserved but has been estimated to be around 13 to 15 meters (43 to 49 ft) in length with a mass of around 5 tonnes (5.5 short tons). The neck of the type specimen was not completely preserved, but Young estimated the whole neck at 4.67 meters (15.3 ft).
4353:
PI, L., OU, Y. and YE, Y. 1996. A new species of sauropod from Zigong, Sichuan, Mamenchisaurus youngi. 87–91. In DEPARTMENT OF SPATIAL PLANNING AND REGIONAL ECONOMY (ed.), Publication in
Geoscience Contributed to the 30th International Geological Congress. China Economic Publishing House,
960:
was redescribed by Andrew Moore and colleagues. The authors could not locate the vomer, right pterygoid, the possible ectopterygoid, the right quadrate, and the right dentary for restudy. A phylogenetic analysis performed by the authors found it to be outside the clade of other
1549:', with researchers questioning the number of species and fragmentary remains assigned to the genus. The genus is poorly defined with an increasingly confused taxonomy which makes understanding phylogenetic relationships difficult. Several analyses have failed to show
1363:
as having 19 cervical and 12 dorsal vertebrae. However, Paul
Upchurch and colleagues suggested this vertebral count may be incorrect. The authors noted that the vertebra that is usually referred to as the second dorsal possessed a
998:
in their redescription of the species because the vertebrae lack anatomical overlap with the known material of the type specimen, and so cannot be compared for diagnosis. They also noted an undescribed specimen on display at the
4821:
Sander, P. Martin; Christian, Andreas; Clauss, Marcus; Fechner, Regina; Gee, Carole T.; Griebeler, Eva-Maria; Gunga, Hanns-Christian; Hummel, Jürgen; Mallison, Heinrich; Perry, Steven F.; Preuschoft, Holger (2011).
588:(around 114.4 mya). Most species were medium-large to large sauropods, measuring roughly 15 to 26 meters (49 to 85 ft) in length—possibly up to 35 meters (115 ft), based on two undescribed vertebrae.
1650:
like taxa. The latter scenario would make mamenchisaurids members of
Euhelopodidae. The analyses of Sekiya (2011) and Moore and colleagues (2020) did not recover ZDM 0126 as a sister taxon to the holotype of
1990:
show the internal relationships of
Euhelopodidae/Mamenchisauridae in the two analyses Moore and colleagues deemed most favorable, the implied-weights and Bayesian analyses of the Gonzàlez Riga dataset.
1390:, though the authors stressed the level of uncertainty. The type specimen possessed the longest cervical rib of any described sauropod dinosaur, measuring 4.2 meters (14 ft). For comparison, a
816:. It was found in 1995 at a construction site in Huidong New District, Zigong City, Sichuan Province. This specimen was nearly complete and mostly articulated, preserving features missing from the
1382:
based on this, Russel and Zheng estimated the type specimen at 26 meters (85 ft) in length. Taylor and Wedel estimated the neck around 12 meters (39 ft) in length based on comparison to
1106:
was described in 1998 by Yihong Zhang, Kui Li, and
Qinghua Zeng. The type specimen (CV00734) was located 200 meters (660 ft) away from the administrative headquarters of the town of Meiwang,
545:
which made up nearly half the total body length. Numerous species have been assigned to the genus; however, the validity of these assignments has been questioned. Fossils have been found in the
1021:
AL001, representing two-thirds of an articulated skeleton. Other specimens were also reported, AL002, AL003, and AL101-106, which provide more skeletal information. The species name references
1328:, large bodies, small heads, and long tails. The most distinctive feature of mamenchisaurids is their exceptionally long necks which approach half their total length. The type specimens of
1324:
species are almost completely known, and others are fragmentary. The species differ in overall size and specific features of the skull and skeleton but share typical sauropod traits, like
1490:
on the club. The authors concluded that the club would have a limited ability to perform as a defensive weapon but might have also functioned as a sensory organ. Other Chinese sauropods,
1007:
labelled as belonging to the species which has not been evaluated firsthand or mentioned in the scientific literature. Accordingly, they consider the referral to the species premature.
809:
as a paratype. This specimen was slightly smaller than the holotype and consisted of less material overall. However, it contained some anatomical details missing in the type specimen.
4935:"Re-assessment of the Late Jurassic eusauropod dinosaur Hudiesaurus sinojapanorum Dong, 1997, from the Turpan Basin, China, and the evolution of hyper-robust antebrachia in sauropods"
5467:
Li, Kui; Liu, Jian; Yang, Chunyan; Hu, Fang (2011). "Dinosaur assemblages from the middle jurassic shaximiao formation and chuanjie formation in the sichuan-yunnan basin, China".
1419:. He and colleagues estimated the length of this species at 21 meters (69 ft). Paul estimated it longer at 25 meters (82 ft) with a mass of 25 tonnes (28 short tons).
1368:, a feature not usually seen until the third or fourth dorsal in sauropods. They provisionally proposed that the actual vertebral count might be 18 cervicals and 13 dorsals in
1588:
skulls were known, Berman and McIntosh assigned the genus to Diplodocidae based on diplodocid-like vertebral features such as the forked chevrons. In 1990, McIntosh assigned
1534:
sp. from the Shishugou Formation, was used in a bone histology analysis. By sectioning the bone and counting the growth rings, the age at death was estimated at 43 years.
820:, such as the skull, pectoral girdle and forelimb material. However, a 2020 phylogenetic analysis by Moore and colleagues cast doubt on the referral of this specimen to
4226:"Re-assessment of the Late Jurassic eusauropod Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum Russell and Zheng, 1993, and the evolution of exceptionally long necks in mamenchisaurids"
1222:
in the Sichuan Basin, Yunnan. The type specimen consisted of disarticulated forelimb, hindlimb, and pelvic material. Wang and colleagues questioned the assignment to
5490:
3707:
was originally thought to have ranged from the Middle to Late Jurassic. However, there is not reliable dating for the Upper Shaximiao Formation, where many of the
1359:
at 45 tonnes (50 short tons). However, later volumetric mass estimates are lower at 14 to 18.2 tonnes (15.4 to 20.1 short tons). In 1972, Young and Chao described
1568:
was first described, Young noted that the chevron bones indicated an affinity with Diplodocidae, but was uncertain to its exact position. In 1958, Young assigned
1165:
was described, other researchers have disagreed on whether the genus is valid. In 1983, Dong, Zhou and Zhang assigned some of the remains to the similarly named
801:
In 1958, Young described a mamenchisaur specimen (IVPP V. 946) from the Haishiwan region of Yongdeng, Gansu Province. This specimen was initially assigned to
990:
in 2019 based on their large sizes and origin. However, these vertebrae have yet to be formally described. Paul has suggested these may represent one of the
3729:
was found from the Middle to Upper Shishugou Formation. Radiometric dating suggests this formation dated to the Oxfordian, ranging from 158.7 to 161.2 mya.
10016:
5321:
622:. The fossil site belonged to the Upper Shaximiao Formation, dating to at least the Late Jurassic. The partial skeleton fossil was later studied and named
1405:
and estimated a length 35 meters (115 ft) and possibly weighing 60 to 80 tonnes (66 to 88 short tons). However, the referral of these vertebrae to
1378:
is known from fragmentary remains, but these suggest that it was a large species. The cervical vertebrae are on average 1.19 times longer than those of
5566:
4403:
Xing, L; Ye, Y; Shu, C; Peng, G; You, H (2009). "Structure, orientation and finite element analysis of the tail club of Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis".
1000:
4027:
10006:
9947:
5220:"Biomechanical Reconstructions and Selective Advantages of Neck Poses and Feeding Strategies of Sauropods with the Example of Mamenchisaurus youngi"
1157:
Known from at least four specimens from the Upper Shaximiao Formation. The type specimen (CV 02501) included skull material; maxilla, dentary, and
1340:. The neural spines on their posterior cervical and anterior dorsal vertebrae are bifurcated. Their shoulders were somewhat higher than the hips.
688:
meaning 'lizard'). The intention was to name the genus after the place where its fossil was first found. However, due to an accentual mix-up by
10046:
10036:
1386:. However, the 2023 redescription gave a longer estimate between 14.4 meters (47 ft) and 15.1 meters (50 ft) based on comparison to
1113:
The type specimen includes a partial scapula and complete coracoid, forelimb material, a complete ischium, a relatively complete skull, and a
10041:
5296:
5171:
4533:
4265:"Determining the Largest Known Land Animal: A Critical Comparison of Differing Methods for Restoring the Volume and Mass of Extinct Animals"
3961:"Determining the largest known land animal: A critical comparison of differing methods for restoring the volume and mass of extinct animals"
5285:
SANDER, P. MARTIN; KLEIN, NICOLE; STEIN, KOEN; WINGS, OLIVER (2011). "Sauropod Bone Histology and Its Implications for Sauropod Biology".
1515:
downward flexibility and low upward flexibility. In the mid-region, downward flexibility was high, which led the authors to conclude that
1355:
type specimen is around 21 to 22 meters (69 to 72 ft) with a neck 9.3 meters (31 ft) long. Young and Zhao estimated the mass of
4695:
Azuma Y, Tomida Y. 1998. Japanese dinosaurs. In: Curie PJ, Padian K, eds. Encyclopaedia of dinosaurs. San Diego: Academic Press, 375–379.
10061:
4637:
HASEGAWA, Y.; MANABE, M.; HANAI, T.; KASE, T.; OJI, T. (1991). "A diplodocid dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Miyako group of Japan".
3783:
Wang, J.; Norell, M. A.; Pei, R.; Ye, Y.; Chang, S.-C (2019). "Surprisingly young age for the mamenchisaurid sauropods in South China".
5426:
4599:
FANG, Xiaosi; ZHAO, Xijin; LU, Liwu; CHENG, Zhengwu (2004). "Discovery of Late Jurassic Mamenchisaurus in Yunnan, southwestern China".
1237:
based on features of the caudal vertebrae. In 2019, Tan and colleagues agreed with this assessment. In 1996, Zhang and Chen considered
4494:
Zhang, Y.; W. Chen (1996). "Preliminary research on the classification of sauropods from Sichuan Basin, China". In Morales, M. (ed.).
1212:, it shows bifurcated neural spines and procoelous caudal vertebrae. It was considered non-diagnostic by Wang and colleagues in 2019.
1193:
4743:
Xing, Lida; Miyashita, Tetsuto; Zhang, Jianping; Li, Daqing; Ye, Yong; Sekiya, Toru; Wang, Fengping; Currie, Philip J. (2015-01-02).
4152:
1141:
Some of these species are based on fragmentary remains and have been considered undiagnostic. Others are considered as invalid or as
10031:
5218:
Christian, Andreas; Peng, Guangzhao; Sekiya, Toru; Ye, Yong; Wulf, Marco G.; Steuer, Thorsten (2013-10-30). Farke, Andrew A. (ed.).
4707:"Barrett, Paul M., et al. "Sauropod dinosaurs from the Lower Cretaceous of eastern Asia: taxonomic and biogeographical implications"
4672:
3876:
3843:
1365:
1097:
464:
1089:
5538:
10056:
6474:
6463:
1396:
cervical rib measures 3.42 meters (11.2 ft). Based on CT imaging, Moore and colleagues estimated the cervical vertebrae of
6481:
5427:"Anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of Tazoudasaurus naimi (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the late Early Jurassic of Morocco"
4878:"A review and reappraisal of the specific gravities of present and past multicellular organisms, with an emphasis on tetrapods"
4745:"A new sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of China and the diversity, distribution, and relationships of mamenchisaurids"
7875:
4528:. Weishampel, David B., Dodson, Peter., Osmólska, Halszka. (2nd ed.). Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press.
4112:
2926:
1510:
and feeding strategies of sauropod dinosaurs is a controversial topic. Andreas Christian and colleagues analysed the neck of
1158:
1527:. Their results suggest the neck was kept mostly straight, with the possible exception of the neck base and near the head.
478:
5559:
1519:
frequently fed at low levels. Long overlapping cervical ribs may have limited flexibility. The authors also estimated the
854:
719:. The remains consisted of various partial specimens (IVPP V. 945, V. 946, V. 947, V. 948) most of which were assigned to
1289:
informal name "Moshi-ryu"; "Moshi" being the local name for the location it was discovered, and "ryu" being Japanese for
164:
1464:
942:
934:
926:
918:
910:
902:
894:
886:
850:
783:
782:
type specimen's location, dating to at least the Late Jurassic. Locals first discovered the remains sometime before the
642:
638:
5407:(Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the Middle Jurassic Chuanjie Formation, Lufeng County, Yunnan Province, southwest China."
4375:
Zhang, Yihong; Li, kui; Zeng, Qinghua (1998). "'A new species of sauropod from the Late Jurassic of the Sichuan Basin (
8607:
4473:
3908:
Russell, D.A., Zheng, Z. (1993). "A large mamenchisaurid from the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, People Republic of China."
2552:
2018:
1638:
to be unstable, probably due to the limited character information in its description. Depending on the dataset used,
10051:
1463:
the tail acts as a prop, and the forked chevrons would help distribute the weight evenly. Paul also notes that the
1045:
in the Suining Formation at 114.4 Ma in age; as this would make it roughly 30 million years younger than the other
9842:
9836:
5322:"New sauropod material from the Late Jurassic part of the Shishugou Formation (Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, NW China)"
10026:
10021:
10001:
9879:
7880:
5654:
5552:
4798:
Paul, G.S. (1988). "The brachiosaur giants of the Morrison and Tendaguru with a description of a new subgenus,
596:
4447:
1038:
5291:. Nicole Klein, Remes, Kristian., Gee, Carole T., Sander, Martin, Dr. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
10011:
3143:
2811:
2588:
2436:
2309:
2159:
2042:
1603:. Euhelopodidae, being named first, would take priority over Mamenchisauridae. Several later analyses found
1305:
1152:
7337:
736:
9900:
7349:
7329:
4020:
2895:
2501:
2071:
1401:
possibly suggest one of the largest dinosaurs known. Gregory S. Paul suggested that these might belong to
1444:
The type specimen was around 16 meters (52 ft) long with a 6.5-meter (21 ft) neck. The mass of
9973:
9869:
9831:
9560:
5842:
2612:
2176:
1507:
1487:
1337:
1034:
637:(IVPP V. 790) was fragmentary, disordered, and not excavated in a technical way. Material included five
9825:
8599:
7343:
5489:
Wang, Jun; Ye, Yong; Pei, Rui; Tian, Yamin; Feng, Chongqin; Zheng, Daran; Chang, Su-Chin (2018-09-01).
4224:
Moore, Andrew J.; Barrett, Paul M.; Upchurch, Paul; Liao, Chun-Chi; Ye, Yong; Hao, Baoqiao; Xu (2023).
3859:
Norman, David B. (2004). "Dinosaur Systematics". In Weishampel, D.B.; Dodson, P.; Osmólska, H. (eds.).
1530:
A large ulna (GPIT SGP 2006/10) measuring less than 96 centimeters (38 in) in length, referred to
561:
is uncertain, have been described. However, evidence suggests this formation to be no earlier than the
8615:
6469:
1219:
952:. The head and part of the neck then drifted downstream until they came to rest in shallow water on a
5502:
5375:
5231:
4946:
4756:
4589:(in Chinese with English summary). 111 pp + 20 plates. Sichuan Science and Technology Press, Chengdu.
4412:
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3792:
2943:
1422:
9938:
6545:
4744:
2484:
866:
558:
554:
1269:
1133:
have been named over the years. In some cases, species from other genera have been transferred to
9600:
6672:
5139:
4915:
4780:
4428:
4292:
4187:
4157:(Dinosauria, Eusauropoda) and the evolutionary history of Middle–Late Jurassic Chinese sauropods"
3983:
3808:
2993:
2976:
1520:
979:
771:
159:
9978:
3868:
1467:
of Mamenchisaurs are retroverted (tilted), which may have allowed slow walking whilst bipedal.
9960:
9736:
9277:
8024:
7665:
7394:
6582:
5518:
5491:"Age of Jurassic basal sauropods in Sichuan, China: A reappraisal of basal sauropod evolution"
5438:
5341:
5302:
5292:
5267:
5249:
5177:
5167:
5131:
5110:
Otero, Alejandro; Gallina, Pablo Ariel; Canale, Juan Ignacio; Haluza, Alejandro (2012-06-01).
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4907:
4899:
4855:
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4668:
4539:
4529:
4284:
4108:
3872:
3839:
2636:
2102:
1987:
1546:
1474:
possessed four fused caudal vertebrae near the tip of the tail. These vertebrae have expanded
1030:
562:
49:
9965:
9607:
9452:
9392:
9034:
8926:
8832:
8723:
8525:
8505:
8444:
7563:
7416:
7263:
6980:
6934:
6914:
6858:
6161:
5938:
5918:
5510:
5446:
5383:
5333:
5257:
5239:
5123:
5074:
5013:
4995:
4954:
4889:
4845:
4835:
4764:
4718:
4420:
4276:
4245:
4179:
3975:
3860:
3800:
3105:
2004:
1581:
1265:
763:
656:
484:
414:
267:
45:
17:
3826:
Sues, Hans-Dieter (1997). "Sauropods". In James Orville Farlow; M. K. Brett-Surman (eds.).
9874:
9744:
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8985:
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8898:
8781:
8532:
8452:
8099:
7635:
7626:
7487:
7479:
7406:
7166:
7044:
6865:
6721:
6552:
6281:
6274:
6266:
6253:
6170:
5716:
5703:
5666:
5639:
5614:
5575:
4031:
3835:
3828:
3119:
1758:
1711:
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sacrum and the base of the tail to pitch up relative to the rest of the vertebral column.
1290:
987:
238:
5506:
5379:
5368:
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences
5235:
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9493:
9443:
9255:
9248:
9194:
9166:
9121:
9094:
8969:
8934:
8876:
8803:
8716:
8480:
8359:
8331:
8310:
8295:
8217:
8190:
8008:
7992:
7958:
7801:
7600:
7472:
7298:
7037:
6965:
6957:
6809:
6802:
6709:
6608:
6596:
6404:
6376:
6213:
6184:
6177:
6123:
6037:
6023:
6007:
5982:
5812:
5262:
5219:
5018:
4983:
4850:
4823:
3723:
bearing rocks of the Upper Shaximiao; implying them to be no older than the Oxfordian.
3287:
3263:
2460:
1325:
1107:
935:
689:
627:
287:
5360:
1071:
from the Upper Shaximiao Formation. A local quarrying stone near a village in Zigong,
9995:
9794:
9779:
9758:
9674:
9634:
9622:
9592:
9541:
9513:
9486:
9407:
9384:
9332:
9263:
9187:
9153:
9142:
9080:
8999:
8962:
8941:
8891:
8869:
8861:
8854:
8847:
8788:
8753:
8730:
8672:
8539:
8518:
8386:
8377:
8366:
8345:
8324:
8302:
8245:
8122:
8059:
7943:
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7742:
7708:
7679:
7672:
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7586:
7579:
7572:
7537:
7528:
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7457:
7450:
7380:
7367:
7284:
7208:
7151:
7130:
7079:
7072:
7065:
7058:
7051:
7008:
6987:
6906:
6883:
6730:
6687:
6589:
6566:
6538:
6369:
6362:
6310:
6206:
6143:
6134:
6016:
5890:
5858:
5826:
5787:
5769:
5748:
4919:
4840:
4432:
4424:
4296:
4191:
3987:
3861:
3812:
3510:
3435:
3167:
2415:
1789:
1600:
1392:
1075:
Province, found the remains in 1987. The species was named in honour of C. C. Young.
991:
967:
949:
858:
770:(originally part of the Sichuan Province), China; 200 meters (660 ft) above the
682:
634:
546:
91:
41:
5337:
5143:
4784:
1557:, suggesting the need to revise the genus. Additional research on the type species,
1503:
are also known to have had tail clubs, but they differ in shape to that of ZDM0126.
9802:
9772:
9765:
9702:
9643:
9569:
9501:
9459:
9428:
9414:
9399:
9377:
9361:
9295:
9284:
9235:
9216:
9209:
9087:
9073:
9059:
9013:
9006:
8977:
8948:
8884:
8825:
8767:
8760:
8709:
8702:
8665:
8647:
8634:
8562:
8546:
8487:
8473:
8437:
8430:
8416:
8394:
8288:
8280:
8273:
8252:
8224:
8172:
8158:
8144:
8129:
8080:
8001:
7973:
7966:
7785:
7774:
7751:
7733:
7658:
7644:
7551:
7508:
7501:
7443:
7436:
7199:
7114:
6922:
6872:
6844:
6837:
6816:
6788:
6774:
6694:
6638:
6617:
6303:
6191:
6095:
6051:
6044:
5996:
5968:
5929:
5755:
1918:
1862:
1842:
1825:
1687:
1643:
1616:
1573:
1554:
1022:
878:
705:
605:
351:
296:
5112:"Sauropod haemal arches: morphotypes, new classification and phylogenetic aspects"
4959:
4934:
4249:
4183:
3804:
919:
5244:
5127:
4768:
943:
881:
and Zhong Zheng. The specific name refers to the China-Canada Dinosaur Project.
9932:
9787:
9695:
9681:
9577:
9466:
9421:
9318:
9311:
9304:
9270:
9202:
9180:
9101:
8992:
8687:
8494:
8459:
8352:
8317:
8259:
8238:
8231:
8203:
8136:
8108:
8073:
8066:
8052:
7951:
7936:
7837:
7759:
7722:
7593:
7544:
7305:
7181:
7144:
7137:
7106:
7090:
7030:
6994:
6972:
6892:
6851:
6795:
6767:
6753:
6701:
6654:
6574:
6559:
6531:
6397:
6355:
6341:
6321:
6295:
6241:
6234:
6150:
6116:
6102:
5945:
5883:
5819:
5796:
5762:
5734:
4318:
3567:
3543:
3232:
3191:
3090:
1811:
1748:
1735:
1492:
1475:
1294:
1142:
646:
66:
5111:
833:
614:
was first discovered in 1952 on the construction site of the Yitang Highway in
9688:
9615:
9584:
9346:
9173:
9020:
8955:
8919:
8905:
8840:
8811:
8774:
8737:
8680:
8266:
8210:
8165:
8115:
8087:
8045:
7981:
7929:
7911:
7898:
7822:
7815:
7808:
7794:
7701:
7694:
7687:
7607:
7519:
7494:
7224:
7174:
7158:
7122:
7023:
6899:
6823:
6737:
6680:
6631:
6383:
6199:
6088:
5952:
5911:
5876:
5605:
4562:
Li, Kui; Cai, Kaiji (1997). "Classification and evolution of Mamenchisaurus".
1876:
1772:
1608:
1498:
1264:
In 1978, an incomplete sauropod humerus (NSM PV17656) found in a layer of the
1114:
911:
787:
778:
fossil site also belonged to the Upper Shaximiao Formation, very close to the
585:
222:
111:
76:
9923:
5522:
5442:
5345:
5306:
5253:
5181:
5135:
5088:
5009:
4968:
4933:
Upchurch, Paul; Mannion, Philip D.; Xu, Xing; Barrett, Paul M. (2021-07-04).
4903:
4776:
4587:
The First Mamenchisaurian Skeleton with Complete Skull: Mamenchisaurus youngi
4543:
4288:
1332:
preserve complete necks, which consist of 18 and 19 vertebrae, respectively.
927:
887:
9651:
9533:
9339:
8818:
8796:
8745:
8466:
8423:
8409:
8151:
7844:
7830:
7715:
7429:
7277:
7270:
7001:
6950:
6513:
6500:
6415:
6390:
6348:
6227:
6067:
5834:
5776:
4723:
4706:
4682:
1673:
1663:
1659:
1524:
1483:
994:. Moore and colleagues could not support the referral of these vertebrae to
953:
895:
767:
254:
176:
116:
60:
5387:
5271:
5096:
5027:
4911:
4859:
3960:
1161:. Additional material includes dorsal vertebrae, pubis, and ischium. Since
5286:
5161:
4523:
4264:
1642:
would either be within Macronaria, as other studies have found or outside
903:
9917:
9659:
9325:
9135:
8338:
8179:
8038:
7291:
6781:
6624:
6334:
6109:
6081:
5989:
5904:
5897:
5804:
5741:
5623:
5599:
5288:
Biology of the Sauropod Dinosaurs : Understanding the Life of Giants
4705:
Barrett, P.M.; Hasegawa, Y.; Manabe, M.; Isaji, S.; Matsuoka, H. (2002).
4662:
4280:
3979:
1479:
862:
838:
817:
566:
538:
535:
209:
196:
106:
101:
86:
81:
71:
4151:
Moore, A.J.; Upchurch, P.; Barrett, P.M.; Clark, J.M.; Xing, X. (2020).
853:
was seen projecting out of a cliff by Z-M. Dong on an expedition by the
9952:
8695:
7099:
6943:
6830:
6288:
5320:
Wings, Oliver; Schwarz-Wings, Daniela; Fowler, Denver W. (2011-11-01).
3304:
1592:
to a subfamily Mamenchisaurinae, which was placed inside Diplodocidae.
1189:
a valid genus. Wang and colleagues considered it undiagnostic in 2019.
1072:
1004:
615:
320:
121:
96:
1256:
1057:
forelimb is completely known and represented by multiple individuals.
9224:
8402:
6220:
5593:
5514:
5079:
5062:
5040:"Osteology, paleobiology, and relationships of the sauropod dinosaur
5000:
4894:
4877:
4522:
Upchurch, Paul; Barrett, Paul M.; Dodson, Peter (2004). "Sauropoda".
4086:
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Monographs
3714:
A study published in 2018 used uranium–lead dating on the underlying
659:
581:
550:
186:
129:
53:
9894:
1622:
Analyses by Sekiya in 2011 and Moore and colleagues in 2020 treated
794:
from the skeleton was the majority of the forelimbs and skull. When
715:
In 1958, Young described additional sauropod remains collected from
704:
fossil was found due to construction work led to Young's naming the
4317:
He, Xinlu; Yang, Suihua; Cai, Kaiji; Li, kui; Liu, Zongwen (1996).
3867:(2nd ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp.
798:
was first described, it was the largest sauropod known from China.
5544:
1421:
1304:
1273:
1255:
832:
812:
In 2001, another specimen (ZDM0126) was described and referred to
735:
716:
619:
595:
152:
27:
Sauropod dinosaur genus from Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Period
5063:"Restoring Maximum Vertical Browsing Reach in Sauropod Dinosaurs"
4984:"Why sauropods had long necks; and why giraffes have short necks"
4330:
Papers on Geosciences Contributed to the 30th Geological Congress
1662:
below shows a possible phylogenetic position of the genus within
1336:
cervical vertebrae are elongated, lightly constructed and highly
9526:
6030:
5044:", by Mathew J. Wedel, Richard L. Cifelli, and R. Kent Sanders (
1634:
separately. Moore and colleagues analyses found the position of
884:
Overall, the specimen, IVPP V10603, consists of a complete left
542:
9898:
9858:
8632:
7896:
7365:
6498:
5701:
5586:
5548:
4824:"Biology of the sauropod dinosaurs: the evolution of gigantism"
1311:
M. constructus, M. youngi, M. hochuanensis and M. sinocanadorum
7188:
573:
971:, but refrained from taxonomic action until the type species
786:. However, the remains were ultimately abandoned and left to
517:
505:
447:
435:
5326:
Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen
4472:
Peng, G.Z.; Ye, Y.; Gao, Y.H.; Shu, C.K.; Jiang, S. (2005).
4321:
A new species of sauropod, Mamenchisaurus anyuensis sp. nov.
3084:
found a consistent sister taxon relationship between it and
523:
499:
490:
453:
438:
420:
790:
in situ. Excavation did not begin on the site until 1957.
758:
In 1972, Young and Xijin Zhao described a second species,
4876:
Larramendi, Asier; Paul, Gregory S.; Hsu, Shu-yu (2020).
2408:
Time-calibrated Bayesian analysis, Gonzàlez Riga dataset
626:
in 1954 by the renowned Chinese paleontologist Professor
508:
429:
5195:
Ye, Y.; Ouyang, H.; Fu, Q.-M. (2001). "New material of
5163:
The Sauropod Dinosaurs : Life in the Age of Giants
4034:(in Chinese), Beijing Museum of Natural History website
4802:, and a comparison of the world's largest dinosaurs".
4107:. North Carolina: Jefferson: McFarland & Company.
1316:
There is uncertainty that all the species assigned to
1192:
Another species, "Mamenchisaurus guangyuanensis", has
1137:
but there is disagreement with the referral's validity
4076:
4074:
4072:
4070:
4068:
4066:
4064:
4062:
526:
514:
502:
493:
465:
456:
444:
432:
423:
1185:
in 1997. In 1999, Valérie Martin-Rolland considered
520:
450:
388:
371:
358:
342:
329:
303:
9907:
9728:
9633:
9559:
9512:
9476:
9442:
9360:
9294:
9234:
9152:
9119:
9045:
8645:
8561:
8504:
8376:
8189:
8098:
8022:
7991:
7909:
7784:
7741:
7732:
7634:
7625:
7562:
7527:
7518:
7415:
7404:
7378:
7255:
7223:
7207:
7198:
7089:
6933:
6882:
6751:
6720:
6652:
6607:
6511:
6414:
6320:
6252:
6160:
6133:
6065:
6006:
5966:
5928:
5856:
5786:
5714:
5665:
5638:
4982:Taylor, Michael P.; Wedel, Mathew J. (2013-02-12).
1646:in a more traditional position, grouped with other
1218:described by Fang and colleagues in 2004, from the
511:
496:
487:
441:
426:
417:
4448:"New discovery of sauropod dinosaurs from Sichuan"
3904:
3902:
3900:
3898:
3896:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3888:
3834:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. pp.
3827:
3098:(ZDM 0126) also found to be consistent relatives.
1486:. A study by Lida Xing and colleagues performed a
723:In 1972, one of these specimens was reassigned to
700:(马门溪 'horse-gate brook'). The fact that the first
677:(溪 'stream' or 'brook'), combined with the suffix
4639:Bulletin of the National Science Museum. Series C
4047:Young, C. C. (1958). "New Sauropods from China".
5361:"The evolutionary history of sauropod dinosaurs"
4370:
4368:
4366:
4364:
4362:
4360:
1997:Implied-weights analysis, Gonzàlez Riga dataset
479:Dinosauria Translation and Pronunciation Guide M
5409:Memoir of the Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum
4446:Hou, Lianhai; Zhou, Shiwu; Cao, Youshu (1976).
4398:
4396:
4394:
4381:Journal of the Chengdu University of Technology
4009:On a new sauropod from Yiping, Szechuan, China.
4502:. Museum of Northern Arizona. pp. 97–107.
1150:In 1976, Hou, Chao and Chu named a new genus,
845:is found; the Junggar Basin is seen in yellow.
5560:
5399:
5397:
5166:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
4146:
4144:
696:(马鸣溪 'horse-neighing brook') was mistaken as
572:dates to the Oxfordian stage (158.7 to 161.2
8:
4557:
4555:
4553:
4219:
4217:
4215:
4213:
4211:
4209:
4207:
4205:
4203:
4201:
4142:
4140:
4138:
4136:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4128:
4126:
4124:
1561:is required to better understand the genus.
4564:Journal of Chengdu University of Technology
4312:
4310:
4308:
4306:
4003:
4001:
3999:
3997:
3938:
986:were informally referred to the species by
762:. The fossils were found near a village in
645:, rib fragments, dorsal neural spines, and
9895:
9855:
9725:
9518:
9473:
9240:
9158:
9127:
9051:
8657:
8653:
8642:
8629:
8510:
8195:
8030:
7921:
7917:
7906:
7893:
7738:
7631:
7524:
7421:
7412:
7386:
7375:
7362:
7252:
7204:
6759:
6664:
6660:
6523:
6519:
6508:
6495:
6326:
6258:
6073:
6003:
5974:
5868:
5864:
5726:
5722:
5711:
5698:
5644:
5635:
5583:
5567:
5553:
5545:
3936:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3928:
3926:
3924:
3922:
3920:
3918:
1470:ZDM0126, a specimen possibly referable to
1440:and known from relatively complete remains
138:
31:
5261:
5243:
5078:
5017:
4999:
4958:
4893:
4849:
4839:
4722:
4105:Dinosaurs: The Encyclopedia: Supplement 1
1655:questioning its referral to the species.
1173:. Zhang and Chen assigned the remains to
5160:Hallett, Mark; Wedel, Mathew J. (2016).
4489:
4487:
1088:
932:, portions of the second through fourth
805:. However, in 1972 it was reassigned to
4667:. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co.
4498:. Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin,
4405:Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition)
3742:
1456:the maxilla, and 17–19 in the dentary.
4656:
4654:
4652:
4632:
4630:
4080:Young, C.C., and Zhao, X.-J. (1972). "
3944:The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs
3778:
3776:
3774:
3772:
3770:
3768:
3766:
1595:An analysis by Upchurch in 1995 found
1249:However, in 2004, Upchurch considered
1229:In 1988, He and colleagues considered
5484:
5482:
5425:Allain, Ronan; Najat Aquesbi (2008).
5403:Sekiya, T. (2011). Re-examination of
5155:
5153:
5056:
5054:
4871:
4869:
4738:
4736:
4734:
4581:
4579:
4577:
4517:
4515:
4513:
4511:
4509:
4349:
4347:
4345:
4343:
4341:
4339:
4098:
4096:
4094:
4042:
4040:
3764:
3762:
3760:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3752:
3750:
3748:
3746:
1415:shares morphological similarities to
1276:was considered to probably belong to
857:. The fossil site was located in the
673:is an alternative transliteration of
7:
4474:"Jurassic dinosaur faunas in Zigong"
3954:
3952:
1615:in Mamenchisauridae just outside of
1580:, Young and Zhao created the family
1181:in 1996. Li and Cai considered it a
4230:Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
4164:Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
3559:
3535:
3485:
3478:
3414:
3394:
3369:
3362:
3338:
3279:
3255:
3248:
3207:
3183:
3159:
3135:
3111:
3101:
2968:
2918:
2911:
2887:
2845:
2790:
2739:
2732:
2725:
2652:
2628:
2604:
2580:
2573:
2544:
2476:
2452:
2428:
2421:
2411:
2288:
2268:
2244:
2201:
2151:
2144:
2094:
2087:
2063:
2034:
2010:
2000:
1868:
1858:
1817:
1764:
1754:
1727:
1703:
1679:
1669:
1632:), M. sinocandadorum, and M. youngi
1053:is actually a member of the genus.
1001:China University of the Geosciences
553:in China. Several species from the
10017:Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia
4939:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
4749:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
3910:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
1029:is known from both the top of the
655:means 'Mamenchi lizard', from the
25:
9860:Topics in sauropodomorph research
1666:, from Allain and Aquesbi, 2008:
1436:is one of the smaller species of
1320:should belong to the genus. Some
1098:Beijing Museum of Natural History
982:found from the same formation as
9841:
9835:
9830:
9824:
8614:
8606:
8598:
7879:
7874:
7348:
7342:
7336:
7328:
6480:
6473:
6468:
6462:
4841:10.1111/j.1469-185X.2010.00137.x
4425:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2009.00134.x
1624:M. constructus, M. hochuanensis,
956:and eventually buried. In 2023,
774:on the slope of a mountain. The
541:known for their remarkably long
483:
413:
163:
10007:Late Jurassic dinosaurs of Asia
1607:to be a more distantly related
1545:is sometimes referred to as a '
4478:Zigong Dinosaur Museum, Zigong
2927:Xianshanosaurus shijiagouensis
1280:. In 1991, it was referred to
1:
10047:Multispecific sauropod genera
10037:Fossil taxa described in 1954
5046:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
4960:10.1080/02724634.2021.1994414
4250:10.1080/14772019.2023.2171818
4184:10.1080/14772019.2020.1759706
3968:Annals of the Carnegie Museum
3946:, Princeton University Press.
3805:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.07.006
1330:M. youngi and M. hochuanensis
1049:species, it is unlikely that
865:; from the upper part of the
855:China-Canada Dinosaur Project
10042:Taxa named by Yang Zhongjian
5245:10.1371/journal.pone.0071172
5128:10.1080/08912963.2011.618269
4769:10.1080/02724634.2014.889701
4585:Ouyang, H. and Ye, Y. 2002.
4263:Paul, Gregory (2019-12-31).
3494:Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum
2674:Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum
2120:Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum
1523:on the intervertebral joint
1284:. by Hasegawa and colleagues
828:Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum
18:Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum
5338:10.1127/0077-7749/2011/0183
5197:Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis
4664:Dinosaurs, the encyclopedia
4601:Regional Geology of China Z
4377:Mamenchisaurus jingyanensis
4082:Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis
3585:Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis
3378:Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis
2854:Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis
2748:Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis
2553:Tienshanosaurus chitaiensis
2228:Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis
2210:Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis
2019:Tienshanosaurus chitaiensis
1194:not been formally described
1084:Mamenchisaurus jingyanensis
1067:Also described in 1996 was
965:species, closely allied to
760:Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis
731:Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis
128:Possible record during the
10078:
10062:Early Cretaceous sauropods
4457:(in Chinese and English).
3216:Mamenchisaurus constructus
3080:The 2023 redescription of
2766:Mamenchisaurus constructus
1584:in 1972. In 1978, when no
1576:. With the description of
1482:, possibly representing a
1351:The overall length of the
710:Mamenchisaurus constructus
624:Mamenchisaurus constructus
481:or spelling pronunciation
397:Zhang, Li & Zeng, 1998
308:Mamenchisaurus constructus
9865:
9854:
9822:
9724:
9521:
9243:
9161:
9130:
9054:
8660:
8656:
8641:
8628:
8595:
8513:
8198:
8033:
7924:
7920:
7905:
7892:
7872:
7424:
7389:
7374:
7361:
7325:
7251:
6762:
6667:
6663:
6526:
6522:
6507:
6494:
6460:
6329:
6261:
6076:
5977:
5871:
5867:
5729:
5725:
5710:
5697:
5647:
5634:
5582:
5061:Paul, Gregory S. (2017).
5048:45, pages 343–388, 2000).
4269:Annals of Carnegie Museum
3959:Paul, Gregory S. (2019).
3581:
3564:
3557:
3540:
3533:
3507:
3490:
3483:
3476:
3432:
3419:
3412:
3401:Shishugou cervicodorsals
3399:
3392:
3374:
3367:
3360:
3343:
3336:
3301:
3284:
3277:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3229:
3212:
3205:
3188:
3181:
3164:
3157:
3140:
3133:
3116:
3109:
3094:and referred material of
2990:
2973:
2966:
2940:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2892:
2885:
2868:
2850:
2843:
2808:
2795:
2788:
2762:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2670:
2659:Shishugou cervicodorsals
2657:
2650:
2633:
2626:
2609:
2602:
2585:
2578:
2571:
2549:
2542:
2498:
2481:
2474:
2457:
2450:
2433:
2426:
2419:
2306:
2293:
2286:
2275:Shishugou cervicodorsals
2273:
2266:
2249:
2242:
2224:
2206:
2199:
2173:
2156:
2149:
2142:
2116:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2068:
2061:
2039:
2032:
2015:
2008:
1916:
1890:
1873:
1866:
1856:
1839:
1822:
1815:
1786:
1769:
1762:
1752:
1732:
1725:
1708:
1701:
1684:
1677:
1239:Omeisaurus changshouensis
1231:Omeisaurus changshouensis
1025:where it was discovered.
841:province in China, where
555:Upper Shaximiao Formation
367:Pi, Ouyang & Ye, 1996
326:
318:
302:
295:
160:Scientific classification
158:
146:
137:
34:
10032:Paleontology in Xinjiang
9880:List of sauropod species
5541:(in Chinese and English)
4661:Glut, Donald F. (1997).
4496:The Continental Jurassic
4103:Glut, Donald F. (2000).
4011:sinica, III(4), 481-514.
1243:Omeisaurus gongjianensis
1012:Mamenchisaurus anyuensis
975:received re-evaluation.
751:and a skull referred to
10057:Late Jurassic sauropods
5405:Chuanjiesaurus anaensis
5359:Upchurch, Paul (1995).
4724:10.1111/1475-4983.00282
4155:Klamelisaurus gobiensis
3144:Omeisaurus junghsiensis
2812:Klamelisaurus gobiensis
2589:Chuanjiesaurus anaensis
2461:Cetiosauriscus stewarti
2437:Omeisaurus junghsiensis
2310:Klamelisaurus gobiensis
2160:Chuanjiesaurus anaensis
2043:Omeisaurus junghsiensis
1488:finite element analysis
1426:Artist's impression of
1171:Omeisaurus junghsiensis
1153:Zigongosaurus fuxiensis
992:largest dinosaurs known
740:The holotype skulls of
5388:10.1098/rstb.1995.0125
5201:Vertebrata PalAsiatica
4621:Vertebrata PalAsiatica
4455:Vertebrata PalAsiatica
4049:Vertebrata PalAsiatica
2896:Wamweracaudia keranjei
2569:‑like taxa
2502:Omeisaurus tianfuensis
2072:Wamweracaudia keranjei
2059:‑like taxa
1430:
1313:
1293:—also referred to as "
1261:
1100:
1033:and the bottom of the
846:
755:
608:
338:Young & Zhao, 1972
9974:Paleobiology Database
9870:Sauropod neck posture
9561:Opisthocoelicaudiinae
5067:The Anatomical Record
4882:The Anatomical Record
3830:The Complete Dinosaur
3347:Mamenchisaurus youngi
2872:Mamenchisaurus youngi
2613:Analong chuanjieensis
2253:Mamenchisaurus youngi
2177:Analong chuanjieensis
1425:
1409:has been questioned.
1308:
1259:
1092:
1069:Mamenchisaurus youngi
1062:Mamenchisaurus youngi
1035:Penglaizhen Formation
940:, and an intact left
836:
739:
599:
5199:from Ziging China".
4281:10.2992/007.085.0403
4007:Young, C.C. (1954),
3980:10.2992/007.085.0403
3734:previously thought.
2944:Daxiatitan binglingi
1167:Omeisaurus fuxiensis
1125:species and material
692:, the location name
147:Mounted skeleton of
9729:Dubious titanosaurs
6546:Chinshakiangosaurus
5507:2018GSAB..130.1493W
5501:(9–10): 1493–1500.
5380:1995RSPTB.349..365U
5236:2013PLoSO...871172C
4951:2021JVPal..41E4414U
4761:2015JVPal..35E9701X
4417:2009AcGlS..83.1031L
4242:2023JSPal..2171818M
4176:2020JSPal..18.1299M
3942:Paul, G.S. (2016).
3797:2019CrRes.10404176W
3785:Cretaceous Research
3711:species are found.
3421:Phu Krandung taxon
2485:Omeisaurus maoianus
1309:Size comparison of
1039:Uranium–lead dating
867:Shishugou Formation
592:History and species
9601:Opisthocoelicaudia
6673:Archaeodontosaurus
5469:Volumina Jurassica
5116:Historical Biology
4828:Biological Reviews
4030:2007-09-27 at the
3912:, (30): 2082-2095.
2994:Dongbeititan dongi
2977:Euhelopus zdanskyi
2797:Phu Kradung taxon
2295:Phu Kradung taxon
1988:phylogenetic trees
1431:
1343:The type species,
1314:
1282:?Mamenchisaurus sp
1262:
1216:M. yunnanensis was
1169:, and the rest to
1101:
980:cervical vertebrae
936:cervical vertebrae
849:In August 1987, a
847:
784:Chinese Revolution
756:
669:(门 'gate'), while
609:
10052:Sauropods of Asia
9989:
9988:
9961:Open Tree of Life
9901:Taxon identifiers
9892:
9891:
9888:
9887:
9850:
9849:
9820:
9819:
9816:
9815:
9812:
9811:
9737:Bruhathkayosaurus
9720:
9719:
9716:
9715:
9712:
9711:
9438:
9437:
9356:
9355:
9278:Panamericansaurus
9115:
9114:
9111:
9110:
8624:
8623:
8593:
8592:
8589:
8588:
8585:
8584:
8581:
8580:
8557:
8556:
8025:Titanosauriformes
8018:
8017:
7888:
7887:
7870:
7869:
7866:
7865:
7862:
7861:
7858:
7857:
7854:
7853:
7666:Brachytrachelopan
7621:
7620:
7617:
7616:
7395:Haplocanthosaurus
7357:
7356:
7323:
7322:
7319:
7318:
7315:
7314:
7256:Dubious sauropods
7247:
7246:
7243:
7242:
7239:
7238:
6747:
6746:
6648:
6647:
6583:Protognathosaurus
6490:
6489:
6458:
6457:
6454:
6453:
6450:
6449:
6446:
6445:
6442:
6441:
6438:
6437:
6434:
6433:
6061:
6060:
5962:
5961:
5852:
5851:
5693:
5692:
5689:
5688:
5685:
5684:
5374:(1330): 365–390.
5298:978-0-253-01355-2
5173:978-1-4214-2028-8
5073:(10): 1802–1825.
4535:978-0-520-94143-4
4170:(16): 1299–1393.
3696:
3695:
3687:
3686:
3678:
3677:
3669:
3668:
3660:
3659:
3651:
3650:
3642:
3641:
3633:
3632:
3624:
3623:
3615:
3614:
3606:
3605:
3597:
3596:
3522:
3521:
3465:
3464:
3456:
3455:
3447:
3446:
3325:
3324:
3316:
3315:
3077:
3076:
3068:
3067:
3059:
3058:
3050:
3049:
3041:
3040:
3032:
3031:
3023:
3022:
3014:
3013:
3005:
3004:
2955:
2954:
2832:
2831:
2823:
2822:
2777:
2776:
2712:
2711:
2703:
2702:
2694:
2693:
2685:
2684:
2637:Qijianglong guokr
2531:
2530:
2522:
2521:
2513:
2512:
2402:
2401:
2393:
2392:
2384:
2383:
2375:
2374:
2366:
2365:
2357:
2356:
2348:
2347:
2339:
2338:
2330:
2329:
2321:
2320:
2188:
2187:
2131:
2130:
2103:Qijianglong guokr
1983:
1982:
1974:
1973:
1965:
1964:
1956:
1955:
1947:
1946:
1938:
1937:
1929:
1928:
1905:
1904:
1801:
1800:
1547:wastebasket taxon
1251:O. changshouensis
1245:as referrable to
1129:Other species of
1031:Suining Formation
749:M. sinocanadorum,
404:
403:
398:
385:
368:
355:
354:& Zheng, 1993
339:
291:
132:
16:(Redirected from
10069:
10027:Fossils of China
10022:Cretaceous China
9982:
9981:
9969:
9968:
9956:
9955:
9943:
9942:
9941:
9928:
9927:
9926:
9896:
9856:
9845:
9839:
9834:
9828:
9726:
9608:Pellegrinisaurus
9519:
9474:
9453:Bustingorrytitan
9393:Futalognkosaurus
9241:
9159:
9128:
9052:
9035:Diamantinasauria
8927:Pellegrinisaurus
8833:Jiangshanosaurus
8724:Baotianmansaurus
8658:
8654:
8643:
8630:
8619:
8618:
8611:
8610:
8603:
8602:
8526:Diamantinasaurus
8511:
8506:Diamantinasauria
8445:Jiangshanosaurus
8196:
8031:
7922:
7918:
7907:
7894:
7883:
7878:
7739:
7632:
7564:Rebbachisaurinae
7525:
7422:
7417:Rebbachisauridae
7413:
7387:
7376:
7363:
7352:
7346:
7341:
7340:
7333:
7332:
7264:Bothriospondylus
7253:
7205:
6981:Eomamenchisaurus
6935:Mamenchisauridae
6915:Lapparentosaurus
6859:Spinophorosaurus
6760:
6665:
6661:
6524:
6520:
6509:
6496:
6485:
6484:
6477:
6472:
6466:
6327:
6259:
6162:Massospondylidae
6074:
6004:
5975:
5939:Jaklapallisaurus
5919:Thecodontosaurus
5869:
5865:
5727:
5723:
5712:
5699:
5645:
5636:
5629:
5628:
5584:
5569:
5562:
5555:
5546:
5527:
5526:
5515:10.1130/B31910.1
5486:
5477:
5476:
5464:
5458:
5457:
5455:
5454:
5445:. Archived from
5422:
5416:
5401:
5392:
5391:
5365:
5356:
5350:
5349:
5317:
5311:
5310:
5282:
5276:
5275:
5265:
5247:
5215:
5209:
5208:
5192:
5186:
5185:
5157:
5148:
5147:
5107:
5101:
5100:
5082:
5080:10.1002/ar.23617
5058:
5049:
5038:
5032:
5031:
5021:
5003:
5001:10.7717/peerj.36
4979:
4973:
4972:
4962:
4930:
4924:
4923:
4897:
4895:10.1002/ar.24574
4888:(9): 1833–1888.
4873:
4864:
4863:
4853:
4843:
4818:
4812:
4811:
4795:
4789:
4788:
4740:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4702:
4696:
4693:
4687:
4686:
4658:
4647:
4646:
4634:
4625:
4624:
4615:
4609:
4608:
4596:
4590:
4583:
4572:
4571:
4559:
4548:
4547:
4519:
4504:
4503:
4491:
4482:
4481:
4469:
4463:
4462:
4452:
4443:
4437:
4436:
4411:(6): 1031–1040.
4400:
4389:
4388:
4372:
4355:
4351:
4334:
4333:
4327:
4314:
4301:
4300:
4260:
4254:
4253:
4221:
4196:
4195:
4161:
4148:
4119:
4118:
4100:
4089:
4078:
4057:
4056:
4044:
4035:
4018:
4012:
4005:
3992:
3991:
3965:
3956:
3947:
3940:
3913:
3906:
3883:
3882:
3866:
3856:
3850:
3849:
3833:
3823:
3817:
3816:
3780:
3727:M. sinocanadorum
3560:
3536:
3486:
3479:
3415:
3395:
3370:
3363:
3339:
3280:
3256:
3249:
3208:
3184:
3160:
3136:
3112:
3106:Mamenchisauridae
3102:
3082:M. sinocanadorum
2969:
2919:
2912:
2888:
2846:
2791:
2740:
2733:
2726:
2653:
2629:
2605:
2581:
2574:
2545:
2477:
2453:
2429:
2422:
2412:
2289:
2269:
2245:
2202:
2152:
2145:
2095:
2088:
2064:
2035:
2011:
2005:Mamenchisauridae
2001:
1869:
1859:
1818:
1765:
1755:
1728:
1704:
1680:
1670:
1653:M. hochuanensis,
1628:(M. hochuanensis
1582:Mamenchisauridae
1472:M. hochuanensis,
1407:M. sinocanadorum
1403:M. sinocanadorum
1380:M. hochuanensis;
1376:M. sinocanadorum
1266:Early Cretaceous
1233:to be closer to
1220:Anning Formation
996:M. sinocanadorum
984:M. sinocanadorum
958:M. sinocanadorum
945:
937:
929:
921:
913:
905:
897:
889:
875:M. sinocanadorum
843:M. sinocanadorum
822:M. hochuanensis.
745:M. jingyanensis,
725:M. hochuanensis.
665:(马 'horse') and
643:caudal vertebrae
639:dorsal vertebrae
586:Early Cretaceous
570:M. sinocanadorum
534:) is a genus of
533:
532:
529:
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
498:
495:
492:
489:
473:
469:
463:
462:
459:
458:
455:
452:
449:
446:
443:
440:
437:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
419:
396:
390:
379:
373:
366:
360:
350:
347:M. sinocanadorum
344:
337:
331:
305:
286:
279:
268:Mamenchisauridae
266:
253:
237:
168:
167:
149:M. sinocanadorum
142:
127:
126:
63:
46:Early Cretaceous
40:Temporal range:
32:
21:
10077:
10076:
10072:
10071:
10070:
10068:
10067:
10066:
10002:Mamenchisaurids
9992:
9991:
9990:
9985:
9977:
9972:
9964:
9959:
9951:
9946:
9937:
9936:
9931:
9922:
9921:
9916:
9903:
9893:
9884:
9875:Sauropod hiatus
9861:
9846:
9808:
9745:Campylodoniscus
9708:
9629:
9555:
9508:
9478:Nemegtosauridae
9472:
9434:
9371:Argentinosaurus
9352:
9290:
9230:
9148:
9124:
9107:
9067:Atsinganosaurus
9047:Lirainosaurinae
9041:
9028:Xianshanosaurus
8913:Normanniasaurus
8899:Narambuenatitan
8782:Dongyangosaurus
8650:
8637:
8620:
8613:
8605:
8597:
8577:
8553:
8533:Sarmientosaurus
8500:
8453:Phuwiangosaurus
8372:
8185:
8100:Brachiosauridae
8094:
8027:
8014:
7987:
7914:
7901:
7884:
7850:
7780:
7728:
7636:Dicraeosauridae
7627:Flagellicaudata
7613:
7558:
7514:
7488:Nopcsaspondylus
7480:Maraapunisaurus
7409:
7407:Diplodocimorpha
7400:
7383:
7370:
7353:
7335:
7327:
7311:
7235:
7219:
7194:
7167:Tehuelchesaurus
7085:
7045:Tienshanosaurus
6929:
6878:
6866:Tehuelchesaurus
6756:
6743:
6722:Vulcanodontidae
6716:
6657:
6644:
6603:
6553:Gongxianosaurus
6516:
6503:
6486:
6479:
6430:
6410:
6316:
6275:Jingshanosaurus
6267:Chuxiongosaurus
6254:Sauropodiformes
6248:
6171:Adeopapposaurus
6156:
6129:
6070:
6057:
6002:
5971:
5958:
5924:
5861:
5848:
5782:
5719:
5717:Sauropodomorpha
5706:
5704:Sauropodomorpha
5681:
5667:Sauropodomorpha
5661:
5655:Avemetatarsalia
5640:Avemetatarsalia
5630:
5615:Avemetatarsalia
5589:
5588:
5578:
5576:Sauropodomorpha
5573:
5539:Dinosaur.net.cn
5535:
5530:
5488:
5487:
5480:
5466:
5465:
5461:
5452:
5450:
5437:(2): 403, 404.
5424:
5423:
5419:
5402:
5395:
5363:
5358:
5357:
5353:
5319:
5318:
5314:
5299:
5284:
5283:
5279:
5217:
5216:
5212:
5194:
5193:
5189:
5174:
5159:
5158:
5151:
5109:
5108:
5104:
5060:
5059:
5052:
5039:
5035:
4981:
4980:
4976:
4945:(4): e1994414.
4932:
4931:
4927:
4875:
4874:
4867:
4820:
4819:
4815:
4797:
4796:
4792:
4742:
4741:
4732:
4704:
4703:
4699:
4694:
4690:
4675:
4660:
4659:
4650:
4636:
4635:
4628:
4617:
4616:
4612:
4598:
4597:
4593:
4584:
4575:
4561:
4560:
4551:
4536:
4521:
4520:
4507:
4493:
4492:
4485:
4471:
4470:
4466:
4450:
4445:
4444:
4440:
4402:
4401:
4392:
4374:
4373:
4358:
4352:
4337:
4325:
4316:
4315:
4304:
4262:
4261:
4257:
4223:
4222:
4199:
4159:
4150:
4149:
4122:
4115:
4102:
4101:
4092:
4079:
4060:
4046:
4045:
4038:
4032:Wayback Machine
4019:
4015:
4006:
3995:
3963:
3958:
3957:
3950:
3941:
3916:
3907:
3886:
3879:
3858:
3857:
3853:
3846:
3825:
3824:
3820:
3782:
3781:
3744:
3740:
3702:
3700:Paleochronology
3697:
3688:
3679:
3670:
3661:
3652:
3643:
3634:
3625:
3616:
3607:
3598:
3523:
3466:
3457:
3448:
3326:
3317:
3120:Tienshanosaurus
3096:M. hochuanensis
3078:
3069:
3060:
3051:
3042:
3033:
3024:
3015:
3006:
2956:
2833:
2824:
2778:
2713:
2704:
2695:
2686:
2532:
2523:
2514:
2403:
2394:
2385:
2376:
2367:
2358:
2349:
2340:
2331:
2322:
2189:
2132:
1984:
1975:
1966:
1957:
1948:
1939:
1930:
1906:
1802:
1759:Vulcanodontidae
1712:Gongxianosaurus
1648:Mamenchisaurus-
1578:M. hochuanensis
1559:M. constructus,
1540:
1453:M. jingyanensis
1417:M. hochuanensis
1398:M. sinocandorum
1384:M. hochuanensis
1370:M. hochuanensis
1361:M. hochuanensis
1357:M. hochuanensis
1353:M. hochuanensis
1345:M. constructus,
1303:
1253:undiagnosable.
1247:Mamenchisaurus.
1135:Mamenchisaurus,
1127:
1104:M. jingyanensis
1094:M. jingyanensis
1087:
1065:
1015:
988:Gregory S. Paul
947:
939:
931:
923:
915:
907:
899:
891:
831:
814:M. hochuanensis
807:M. hochuanensis
796:M. hochuanensis
776:M. hochuanensis
753:M. hochuanensis
734:
721:M. constructus.
602:M. hochuanensis
594:
563:Oxfordian stage
551:Yunnan Province
486:
482:
471:
467:
416:
412:
393:M. jingyanensis
334:M. hochuanensis
314:
311:
285:
277:
264:
251:
239:Sauropodomorpha
235:
162:
133:
125:
124:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
59:161–114.4
58:
57:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
10075:
10073:
10065:
10064:
10059:
10054:
10049:
10044:
10039:
10034:
10029:
10024:
10019:
10014:
10012:Jurassic China
10009:
10004:
9994:
9993:
9987:
9986:
9984:
9983:
9970:
9957:
9944:
9939:Mamenchisaurus
9929:
9913:
9911:
9909:Mamenchisaurus
9905:
9904:
9899:
9890:
9889:
9886:
9885:
9883:
9882:
9877:
9872:
9866:
9863:
9862:
9859:
9852:
9851:
9848:
9847:
9823:
9821:
9818:
9817:
9814:
9813:
9810:
9809:
9807:
9806:
9799:
9791:
9784:
9776:
9769:
9762:
9755:
9752:Clasmodosaurus
9748:
9741:
9732:
9730:
9722:
9721:
9718:
9717:
9714:
9713:
9710:
9709:
9707:
9706:
9699:
9692:
9685:
9678:
9671:
9667:Maxakalisaurus
9663:
9656:
9648:
9639:
9637:
9631:
9630:
9628:
9627:
9619:
9612:
9604:
9597:
9589:
9581:
9574:
9565:
9563:
9557:
9556:
9554:
9553:
9549:Quaesitosaurus
9545:
9538:
9530:
9522:
9516:
9510:
9509:
9507:
9506:
9498:
9494:Quaesitosaurus
9490:
9482:
9480:
9471:
9470:
9463:
9456:
9448:
9446:
9444:Saltasauroidea
9440:
9439:
9436:
9435:
9433:
9432:
9425:
9418:
9411:
9404:
9396:
9389:
9381:
9374:
9366:
9364:
9358:
9357:
9354:
9353:
9351:
9350:
9343:
9336:
9329:
9322:
9315:
9308:
9300:
9298:
9292:
9291:
9289:
9288:
9281:
9274:
9267:
9260:
9256:Maxakalisaurus
9252:
9249:Adamantisaurus
9244:
9238:
9232:
9231:
9229:
9228:
9221:
9213:
9206:
9199:
9195:Epachthosaurus
9191:
9184:
9177:
9170:
9167:Antarctosaurus
9162:
9156:
9150:
9149:
9147:
9146:
9139:
9131:
9125:
9122:Eutitanosauria
9120:
9117:
9116:
9113:
9112:
9109:
9108:
9106:
9105:
9098:
9095:Mansourasaurus
9091:
9084:
9077:
9070:
9063:
9055:
9049:
9043:
9042:
9040:
9039:
9031:
9024:
9017:
9010:
9003:
8996:
8989:
8982:
8974:
8970:Tastavinsaurus
8966:
8959:
8952:
8945:
8938:
8935:Petrobrasaurus
8931:
8923:
8916:
8909:
8902:
8895:
8888:
8881:
8877:Malarguesaurus
8873:
8866:
8858:
8851:
8844:
8837:
8829:
8822:
8815:
8808:
8804:Epachthosaurus
8800:
8793:
8785:
8778:
8771:
8764:
8757:
8750:
8742:
8734:
8727:
8720:
8717:Austroposeidon
8713:
8706:
8699:
8692:
8684:
8677:
8669:
8661:
8651:
8646:
8639:
8638:
8633:
8626:
8625:
8622:
8621:
8596:
8594:
8591:
8590:
8587:
8586:
8583:
8582:
8579:
8578:
8576:
8575:
8574:
8573:
8567:
8565:
8559:
8558:
8555:
8554:
8552:
8551:
8543:
8536:
8529:
8522:
8514:
8508:
8502:
8501:
8499:
8498:
8491:
8484:
8481:Tangvayosaurus
8477:
8470:
8463:
8456:
8449:
8441:
8434:
8427:
8420:
8413:
8406:
8399:
8391:
8382:
8380:
8374:
8373:
8371:
8370:
8363:
8360:Tastavinsaurus
8356:
8349:
8342:
8335:
8332:Pukyongosaurus
8328:
8321:
8314:
8311:Liubangosaurus
8307:
8299:
8296:Liaoningotitan
8292:
8285:
8277:
8270:
8263:
8256:
8249:
8242:
8235:
8228:
8221:
8218:Astrophocaudia
8214:
8207:
8199:
8193:
8191:Somphospondyli
8187:
8186:
8184:
8183:
8176:
8169:
8162:
8155:
8148:
8141:
8133:
8126:
8119:
8112:
8104:
8102:
8096:
8095:
8093:
8092:
8084:
8077:
8070:
8063:
8056:
8049:
8042:
8034:
8028:
8023:
8020:
8019:
8016:
8015:
8013:
8012:
8009:Lourinhasaurus
8005:
7997:
7995:
7993:Camarasauridae
7989:
7988:
7986:
7985:
7978:
7970:
7963:
7959:Dashanpusaurus
7955:
7948:
7940:
7933:
7925:
7915:
7910:
7903:
7902:
7897:
7890:
7889:
7886:
7885:
7873:
7871:
7868:
7867:
7864:
7863:
7860:
7859:
7856:
7855:
7852:
7851:
7849:
7848:
7841:
7834:
7827:
7819:
7812:
7805:
7802:Dinheirosaurus
7798:
7790:
7788:
7782:
7781:
7779:
7778:
7771:
7763:
7756:
7747:
7745:
7736:
7730:
7729:
7727:
7726:
7719:
7712:
7705:
7698:
7691:
7684:
7676:
7669:
7662:
7655:
7648:
7640:
7638:
7629:
7623:
7622:
7619:
7618:
7615:
7614:
7612:
7611:
7604:
7601:Rebbachisaurus
7597:
7590:
7583:
7576:
7568:
7566:
7560:
7559:
7557:
7556:
7548:
7541:
7533:
7531:
7522:
7516:
7515:
7513:
7512:
7505:
7498:
7491:
7484:
7476:
7473:Lavocatisaurus
7469:
7462:
7454:
7447:
7440:
7433:
7425:
7419:
7410:
7405:
7402:
7401:
7399:
7398:
7390:
7384:
7379:
7372:
7371:
7366:
7359:
7358:
7355:
7354:
7326:
7324:
7321:
7320:
7317:
7316:
7313:
7312:
7310:
7309:
7302:
7299:Qinlingosaurus
7295:
7288:
7281:
7274:
7267:
7259:
7257:
7249:
7248:
7245:
7244:
7241:
7240:
7237:
7236:
7234:
7233:
7232:(see below ↓ )
7229:
7227:
7221:
7220:
7218:
7217:
7216:(see below ↓ )
7213:
7211:
7202:
7196:
7195:
7193:
7192:
7185:
7178:
7171:
7163:
7155:
7148:
7141:
7134:
7127:
7119:
7111:
7103:
7095:
7093:
7087:
7086:
7084:
7083:
7076:
7069:
7062:
7055:
7048:
7041:
7038:Rhomaleopakhus
7034:
7027:
7020:
7017:Mamenchisaurus
7013:
7005:
6998:
6991:
6984:
6977:
6969:
6966:Chuanjiesaurus
6962:
6958:Cetiosauriscus
6954:
6947:
6939:
6937:
6931:
6930:
6928:
6927:
6919:
6911:
6903:
6896:
6888:
6886:
6880:
6879:
6877:
6876:
6869:
6862:
6855:
6848:
6841:
6834:
6827:
6820:
6813:
6810:Dashanpusaurus
6806:
6803:Cetiosauriscus
6799:
6792:
6785:
6778:
6771:
6763:
6757:
6752:
6749:
6748:
6745:
6744:
6742:
6741:
6734:
6726:
6724:
6718:
6717:
6715:
6714:
6710:Zizhongosaurus
6706:
6698:
6691:
6684:
6677:
6668:
6658:
6653:
6650:
6649:
6646:
6645:
6643:
6642:
6635:
6628:
6621:
6613:
6611:
6609:Lessemsauridae
6605:
6604:
6602:
6601:
6597:Tuebingosaurus
6593:
6586:
6579:
6571:
6563:
6556:
6549:
6542:
6535:
6527:
6517:
6512:
6505:
6504:
6499:
6492:
6491:
6488:
6487:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6455:
6452:
6451:
6448:
6447:
6444:
6443:
6440:
6439:
6436:
6435:
6432:
6431:
6429:
6428:
6427:
6426:
6420:
6418:
6412:
6411:
6409:
6408:
6405:Sefapanosaurus
6401:
6394:
6387:
6380:
6377:Melanorosaurus
6373:
6366:
6359:
6352:
6345:
6338:
6330:
6324:
6318:
6317:
6315:
6314:
6307:
6300:
6292:
6285:
6278:
6271:
6262:
6256:
6250:
6249:
6247:
6246:
6238:
6231:
6224:
6217:
6214:Massospondylus
6210:
6203:
6196:
6188:
6185:Glacialisaurus
6181:
6178:Coloradisaurus
6174:
6166:
6164:
6158:
6157:
6155:
6154:
6147:
6139:
6137:
6131:
6130:
6128:
6127:
6124:Tuebingosaurus
6120:
6113:
6106:
6099:
6092:
6085:
6077:
6071:
6066:
6063:
6062:
6059:
6058:
6056:
6055:
6048:
6041:
6038:Pachysauriscus
6034:
6027:
6024:Gresslyosaurus
6020:
6012:
6010:
6008:Plateosauridae
6001:
6000:
5993:
5986:
5983:Plateosauravus
5978:
5972:
5967:
5964:
5963:
5960:
5959:
5957:
5956:
5949:
5942:
5934:
5932:
5926:
5925:
5923:
5922:
5915:
5908:
5901:
5894:
5887:
5880:
5872:
5862:
5857:
5854:
5853:
5850:
5849:
5847:
5846:
5839:
5831:
5823:
5816:
5813:Chromogisaurus
5809:
5801:
5792:
5790:
5784:
5783:
5781:
5780:
5773:
5766:
5759:
5752:
5745:
5738:
5730:
5720:
5715:
5708:
5707:
5702:
5695:
5694:
5691:
5690:
5687:
5686:
5683:
5682:
5680:
5679:
5678:
5677:
5671:
5669:
5663:
5662:
5660:
5659:
5658:
5657:
5648:
5642:
5632:
5631:
5627:
5626:
5617:
5608:
5602:
5596:
5587:
5580:
5579:
5574:
5572:
5571:
5564:
5557:
5549:
5543:
5542:
5534:
5533:External links
5531:
5529:
5528:
5478:
5459:
5417:
5393:
5351:
5332:(2): 129–150.
5312:
5297:
5277:
5230:(10): e71172.
5210:
5187:
5172:
5149:
5122:(3): 243–256.
5102:
5050:
5033:
4974:
4925:
4865:
4834:(1): 117–155.
4813:
4790:
4755:(1): e889701.
4730:
4697:
4688:
4673:
4648:
4626:
4610:
4591:
4573:
4549:
4534:
4525:The Dinosauria
4505:
4483:
4464:
4438:
4390:
4356:
4335:
4302:
4255:
4197:
4153:"Osteology of
4120:
4113:
4090:
4058:
4036:
4023:Mamenchisaurus
4021:Origin of the
4013:
3993:
3974:(4): 335–358.
3948:
3914:
3884:
3877:
3863:The Dinosauria
3851:
3844:
3818:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3721:Mamenchisaurus
3709:Mamenchisaurus
3705:Mamenchisaurus
3701:
3698:
3694:
3693:
3690:
3689:
3685:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3675:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3658:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3649:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3640:
3639:
3636:
3635:
3631:
3630:
3627:
3626:
3622:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3613:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3604:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3594:
3591:
3590:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3573:
3572:
3563:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3539:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3528:
3525:
3524:
3520:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3506:
3503:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3489:
3484:
3482:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3463:
3462:
3459:
3458:
3454:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3445:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3373:
3368:
3366:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3352:
3351:
3342:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3288:Chuanjiesaurus
3283:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3264:Rhomaleopakhus
3259:
3254:
3252:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3211:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3187:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3163:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3139:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3115:
3110:
3108:
3100:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2989:
2986:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2972:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2922:
2917:
2915:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2891:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2849:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2743:
2738:
2736:
2731:
2729:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2683:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2669:
2666:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2632:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2608:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2584:
2579:
2577:
2572:
2570:
2567:Mamenchisaurus
2562:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2548:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2520:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2480:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2456:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2432:
2427:
2425:
2420:
2418:
2410:
2400:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2382:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2337:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2258:
2257:
2248:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2205:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2155:
2150:
2148:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2098:
2093:
2091:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2067:
2062:
2060:
2057:Mamenchisaurus
2052:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2038:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2014:
2009:
2007:
1999:
1981:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1926:
1923:
1922:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1894:Mamenchisaurus
1889:
1886:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1872:
1867:
1865:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1821:
1816:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1768:
1763:
1761:
1753:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1731:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1707:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1683:
1678:
1676:
1668:
1636:M. constructus
1613:Mamenchisaurus
1599:in the family
1597:Mamenchisaurus
1590:Mamenchisaurus
1586:Mamenchisaurus
1574:Titanosauridae
1570:Mamenchisaurus
1566:M. constructus
1551:Mamenchisaurus
1543:Mamenchisaurus
1539:
1538:Classification
1536:
1532:Mamenchisaurus
1460:Mamenchisaurus
1438:Mamenchisaurus
1334:Mamenchisaurus
1326:quadrupedalism
1322:Mamenchisaurus
1318:Mamenchisaurus
1302:
1299:
1278:Mamenchisaurus
1235:Mamenchisaurus
1224:Mamenchisaurus
1206:Mamenchisaurus
1202:Mamenchisaurus
1196:, making it a
1175:Mamenchisaurus
1131:Mamenchisaurus
1126:
1123:Mamenchisaurus
1119:
1108:Jingyan county
1086:
1081:
1064:
1059:
1047:Mamenchisaurus
1014:
1009:
973:M. constructus
963:Mamenchisaurus
941:
933:
925:
917:
909:
901:
893:
885:
871:Mamenchisaurus
830:
825:
803:M. constructus
780:M. constructus
733:
728:
717:Gansu Province
702:Mamenchisaurus
653:Mamenchisaurus
612:Mamenchisaurus
593:
590:
567:Late Jurassic.
408:Mamenchisaurus
402:
401:
400:
399:
386:
369:
356:
340:
324:
323:
316:
315:
312:
300:
299:
293:
292:
282:Mamenchisaurus
275:
271:
270:
262:
258:
257:
249:
242:
241:
233:
226:
225:
220:
213:
212:
207:
200:
199:
194:
190:
189:
184:
180:
179:
174:
170:
169:
156:
155:
144:
143:
135:
134:
120:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
64:
39:
36:Mamenchisaurus
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10074:
10063:
10060:
10058:
10055:
10053:
10050:
10048:
10045:
10043:
10040:
10038:
10035:
10033:
10030:
10028:
10025:
10023:
10020:
10018:
10015:
10013:
10010:
10008:
10005:
10003:
10000:
9999:
9997:
9980:
9975:
9971:
9967:
9962:
9958:
9954:
9949:
9945:
9940:
9934:
9930:
9925:
9919:
9915:
9914:
9912:
9910:
9906:
9902:
9897:
9881:
9878:
9876:
9873:
9871:
9868:
9867:
9864:
9857:
9853:
9844:
9840:
9838:
9833:
9827:
9805:
9804:
9800:
9797:
9796:
9795:Mongolosaurus
9792:
9790:
9789:
9785:
9782:
9781:
9780:Macrurosaurus
9777:
9775:
9774:
9770:
9768:
9767:
9763:
9761:
9760:
9759:Hypselosaurus
9756:
9754:
9753:
9749:
9747:
9746:
9742:
9739:
9738:
9734:
9733:
9731:
9727:
9723:
9705:
9704:
9700:
9698:
9697:
9693:
9691:
9690:
9686:
9684:
9683:
9679:
9677:
9676:
9675:Neuquensaurus
9672:
9669:
9668:
9664:
9662:
9661:
9657:
9654:
9653:
9649:
9646:
9645:
9641:
9640:
9638:
9636:
9635:Saltasaurinae
9632:
9625:
9624:
9623:Zhuchengtitan
9620:
9618:
9617:
9613:
9610:
9609:
9605:
9603:
9602:
9598:
9595:
9594:
9593:Dreadnoughtus
9590:
9587:
9586:
9582:
9580:
9579:
9575:
9572:
9571:
9567:
9566:
9564:
9562:
9558:
9551:
9550:
9546:
9544:
9543:
9542:Qingxiusaurus
9539:
9536:
9535:
9531:
9529:
9528:
9524:
9523:
9520:
9517:
9515:
9514:Saltasauridae
9511:
9504:
9503:
9499:
9496:
9495:
9491:
9489:
9488:
9487:Nemegtosaurus
9484:
9483:
9481:
9479:
9475:
9469:
9468:
9464:
9462:
9461:
9457:
9455:
9454:
9450:
9449:
9447:
9445:
9441:
9431:
9430:
9426:
9424:
9423:
9419:
9417:
9416:
9412:
9410:
9409:
9408:Mendozasaurus
9405:
9402:
9401:
9397:
9395:
9394:
9390:
9387:
9386:
9385:Dzharatitanis
9382:
9380:
9379:
9375:
9373:
9372:
9368:
9367:
9365:
9363:
9359:
9349:
9348:
9344:
9342:
9341:
9337:
9335:
9334:
9333:Gondwanatitan
9330:
9328:
9327:
9323:
9321:
9320:
9316:
9314:
9313:
9309:
9307:
9306:
9302:
9301:
9299:
9297:
9293:
9287:
9286:
9282:
9280:
9279:
9275:
9273:
9272:
9268:
9266:
9265:
9264:Muyelensaurus
9261:
9258:
9257:
9253:
9251:
9250:
9246:
9245:
9242:
9239:
9237:
9233:
9227:
9226:
9222:
9219:
9218:
9214:
9212:
9211:
9207:
9205:
9204:
9200:
9197:
9196:
9192:
9190:
9189:
9188:Chucarosaurus
9185:
9183:
9182:
9178:
9176:
9175:
9171:
9169:
9168:
9164:
9163:
9160:
9157:
9155:
9154:Colossosauria
9151:
9145:
9144:
9143:Menucocelsior
9140:
9138:
9137:
9133:
9132:
9129:
9126:
9123:
9118:
9104:
9103:
9099:
9097:
9096:
9092:
9090:
9089:
9085:
9083:
9082:
9081:Lirainosaurus
9078:
9076:
9075:
9071:
9069:
9068:
9064:
9062:
9061:
9057:
9056:
9053:
9050:
9048:
9044:
9037:
9036:
9032:
9030:
9029:
9025:
9023:
9022:
9018:
9016:
9015:
9011:
9009:
9008:
9004:
9002:
9001:
9000:Trigonosaurus
8997:
8995:
8994:
8990:
8988:
8987:
8983:
8980:
8979:
8975:
8972:
8971:
8967:
8965:
8964:
8963:Ruyangosaurus
8960:
8958:
8957:
8953:
8951:
8950:
8946:
8944:
8943:
8942:Pitekunsaurus
8939:
8937:
8936:
8932:
8929:
8928:
8924:
8922:
8921:
8917:
8915:
8914:
8910:
8908:
8907:
8903:
8901:
8900:
8896:
8894:
8893:
8892:Mnyamawamtuka
8889:
8887:
8886:
8882:
8879:
8878:
8874:
8872:
8871:
8870:Magyarosaurus
8867:
8864:
8863:
8862:Ligabuesaurus
8859:
8857:
8856:
8855:Laplatasaurus
8852:
8850:
8849:
8848:Karongasaurus
8845:
8843:
8842:
8838:
8835:
8834:
8830:
8828:
8827:
8823:
8821:
8820:
8816:
8814:
8813:
8809:
8806:
8805:
8801:
8799:
8798:
8794:
8791:
8790:
8789:Dreadnoughtus
8786:
8784:
8783:
8779:
8777:
8776:
8772:
8770:
8769:
8765:
8763:
8762:
8758:
8756:
8755:
8754:Borealosaurus
8751:
8748:
8747:
8743:
8740:
8739:
8735:
8733:
8732:
8731:Barrosasaurus
8728:
8726:
8725:
8721:
8719:
8718:
8714:
8712:
8711:
8707:
8705:
8704:
8700:
8698:
8697:
8693:
8690:
8689:
8685:
8683:
8682:
8678:
8675:
8674:
8673:Aegyptosaurus
8670:
8668:
8667:
8663:
8662:
8659:
8655:
8652:
8649:
8644:
8640:
8636:
8631:
8627:
8617:
8612:
8609:
8601:
8571:
8570:
8569:
8568:
8566:
8564:
8560:
8549:
8548:
8544:
8542:
8541:
8540:Savannasaurus
8537:
8535:
8534:
8530:
8528:
8527:
8523:
8521:
8520:
8519:Australotitan
8516:
8515:
8512:
8509:
8507:
8503:
8497:
8496:
8492:
8490:
8489:
8485:
8483:
8482:
8478:
8476:
8475:
8471:
8469:
8468:
8464:
8462:
8461:
8457:
8455:
8454:
8450:
8447:
8446:
8442:
8440:
8439:
8435:
8433:
8432:
8428:
8426:
8425:
8421:
8419:
8418:
8414:
8412:
8411:
8407:
8405:
8404:
8400:
8397:
8396:
8392:
8389:
8388:
8387:Australodocus
8384:
8383:
8381:
8379:
8378:Euhelopodidae
8375:
8369:
8368:
8367:Triunfosaurus
8364:
8362:
8361:
8357:
8355:
8354:
8350:
8348:
8347:
8346:Sauroposeidon
8343:
8341:
8340:
8336:
8334:
8333:
8329:
8327:
8326:
8325:Padillasaurus
8322:
8320:
8319:
8315:
8313:
8312:
8308:
8305:
8304:
8303:Ligabuesaurus
8300:
8298:
8297:
8293:
8291:
8290:
8286:
8283:
8282:
8278:
8276:
8275:
8271:
8269:
8268:
8264:
8262:
8261:
8257:
8255:
8254:
8250:
8248:
8247:
8246:Chubutisaurus
8243:
8241:
8240:
8236:
8234:
8233:
8229:
8227:
8226:
8222:
8220:
8219:
8215:
8213:
8212:
8208:
8206:
8205:
8201:
8200:
8197:
8194:
8192:
8188:
8182:
8181:
8177:
8175:
8174:
8170:
8168:
8167:
8163:
8161:
8160:
8156:
8154:
8153:
8149:
8147:
8146:
8142:
8139:
8138:
8134:
8132:
8131:
8127:
8125:
8124:
8123:Brachiosaurus
8120:
8118:
8117:
8113:
8111:
8110:
8106:
8105:
8103:
8101:
8097:
8090:
8089:
8085:
8083:
8082:
8078:
8076:
8075:
8071:
8069:
8068:
8064:
8062:
8061:
8060:Fushanosaurus
8057:
8055:
8054:
8050:
8048:
8047:
8043:
8041:
8040:
8036:
8035:
8032:
8029:
8026:
8021:
8011:
8010:
8006:
8004:
8003:
7999:
7998:
7996:
7994:
7990:
7984:
7983:
7979:
7976:
7975:
7971:
7969:
7968:
7964:
7961:
7960:
7956:
7954:
7953:
7949:
7946:
7945:
7944:Bashunosaurus
7941:
7939:
7938:
7934:
7932:
7931:
7927:
7926:
7923:
7919:
7916:
7913:
7908:
7904:
7900:
7895:
7891:
7882:
7877:
7847:
7846:
7842:
7840:
7839:
7835:
7833:
7832:
7828:
7825:
7824:
7820:
7818:
7817:
7813:
7811:
7810:
7806:
7804:
7803:
7799:
7797:
7796:
7792:
7791:
7789:
7787:
7783:
7777:
7776:
7772:
7769:
7768:
7767:Atlantosaurus
7764:
7762:
7761:
7757:
7754:
7753:
7749:
7748:
7746:
7744:
7743:Apatosaurinae
7740:
7737:
7735:
7731:
7725:
7724:
7720:
7718:
7717:
7713:
7711:
7710:
7709:Smitanosaurus
7706:
7704:
7703:
7699:
7697:
7696:
7692:
7690:
7689:
7685:
7682:
7681:
7680:Dyslocosaurus
7677:
7675:
7674:
7673:Dicraeosaurus
7670:
7668:
7667:
7663:
7661:
7660:
7656:
7654:
7653:
7652:Amargatitanis
7649:
7647:
7646:
7642:
7641:
7639:
7637:
7633:
7630:
7628:
7624:
7610:
7609:
7605:
7603:
7602:
7598:
7596:
7595:
7591:
7589:
7588:
7587:Katepensaurus
7584:
7582:
7581:
7580:Itapeuasaurus
7577:
7575:
7574:
7573:Demandasaurus
7570:
7569:
7567:
7565:
7561:
7554:
7553:
7549:
7547:
7546:
7542:
7540:
7539:
7538:Cathartesaura
7535:
7534:
7532:
7530:
7529:Limaysaurinae
7526:
7523:
7521:
7517:
7511:
7510:
7506:
7504:
7503:
7499:
7497:
7496:
7492:
7490:
7489:
7485:
7482:
7481:
7477:
7475:
7474:
7470:
7468:
7467:
7466:Histriasaurus
7463:
7460:
7459:
7458:Dzharatitanis
7455:
7453:
7452:
7451:Comahuesaurus
7448:
7446:
7445:
7441:
7439:
7438:
7434:
7432:
7431:
7427:
7426:
7423:
7420:
7418:
7414:
7411:
7408:
7403:
7397:
7396:
7392:
7391:
7388:
7385:
7382:
7381:Diplodocoidea
7377:
7373:
7369:
7368:Diplodocoidea
7364:
7360:
7351:
7347:
7345:
7339:
7331:
7308:
7307:
7303:
7301:
7300:
7296:
7294:
7293:
7289:
7287:
7286:
7285:Gigantosaurus
7282:
7280:
7279:
7275:
7273:
7272:
7268:
7266:
7265:
7261:
7260:
7258:
7254:
7250:
7231:
7230:
7228:
7226:
7222:
7215:
7214:
7212:
7210:
7209:Diplodocoidea
7206:
7203:
7201:
7197:
7191:
7190:
7186:
7184:
7183:
7179:
7177:
7176:
7172:
7169:
7168:
7164:
7161:
7160:
7156:
7154:
7153:
7152:Narindasaurus
7149:
7147:
7146:
7142:
7140:
7139:
7135:
7133:
7132:
7131:Losillasaurus
7128:
7125:
7124:
7120:
7117:
7116:
7112:
7109:
7108:
7104:
7102:
7101:
7097:
7096:
7094:
7092:
7088:
7082:
7081:
7080:Zigongosaurus
7077:
7075:
7074:
7073:Yuanmousaurus
7070:
7068:
7067:
7066:Xinjiangtitan
7063:
7061:
7060:
7059:Wamweracaudia
7056:
7054:
7053:
7052:Tonganosaurus
7049:
7047:
7046:
7042:
7040:
7039:
7035:
7033:
7032:
7028:
7026:
7025:
7021:
7019:
7018:
7014:
7011:
7010:
7009:Klamelisaurus
7006:
7004:
7003:
6999:
6997:
6996:
6992:
6990:
6989:
6988:Huangshanlong
6985:
6983:
6982:
6978:
6975:
6974:
6970:
6968:
6967:
6963:
6960:
6959:
6955:
6953:
6952:
6948:
6946:
6945:
6941:
6940:
6938:
6936:
6932:
6925:
6924:
6920:
6917:
6916:
6912:
6909:
6908:
6907:Ferganasaurus
6904:
6902:
6901:
6897:
6895:
6894:
6890:
6889:
6887:
6885:
6884:Cetiosauridae
6881:
6875:
6874:
6870:
6868:
6867:
6863:
6861:
6860:
6856:
6854:
6853:
6849:
6847:
6846:
6842:
6840:
6839:
6835:
6833:
6832:
6828:
6826:
6825:
6821:
6819:
6818:
6814:
6812:
6811:
6807:
6805:
6804:
6800:
6798:
6797:
6793:
6791:
6790:
6786:
6784:
6783:
6779:
6777:
6776:
6772:
6770:
6769:
6765:
6764:
6761:
6758:
6755:
6750:
6740:
6739:
6735:
6733:
6732:
6731:Tazoudasaurus
6728:
6727:
6725:
6723:
6719:
6712:
6711:
6707:
6704:
6703:
6699:
6697:
6696:
6692:
6690:
6689:
6688:Ohmdenosaurus
6685:
6683:
6682:
6678:
6675:
6674:
6670:
6669:
6666:
6662:
6659:
6656:
6651:
6641:
6640:
6636:
6634:
6633:
6629:
6627:
6626:
6622:
6620:
6619:
6615:
6614:
6612:
6610:
6606:
6599:
6598:
6594:
6592:
6591:
6590:Schleitheimia
6587:
6585:
6584:
6580:
6577:
6576:
6572:
6569:
6568:
6567:Leonerasaurus
6564:
6562:
6561:
6557:
6555:
6554:
6550:
6548:
6547:
6543:
6541:
6540:
6539:Blikanasaurus
6536:
6534:
6533:
6529:
6528:
6525:
6521:
6518:
6515:
6510:
6506:
6502:
6497:
6493:
6483:
6478:
6476:
6471:
6465:
6424:
6423:
6422:
6421:
6419:
6417:
6413:
6407:
6406:
6402:
6400:
6399:
6395:
6393:
6392:
6388:
6386:
6385:
6381:
6379:
6378:
6374:
6372:
6371:
6370:Leonerasaurus
6367:
6365:
6364:
6363:Lamplughsaura
6360:
6358:
6357:
6353:
6351:
6350:
6346:
6344:
6343:
6339:
6337:
6336:
6332:
6331:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6319:
6313:
6312:
6311:Yunnanosaurus
6308:
6306:
6305:
6301:
6298:
6297:
6293:
6291:
6290:
6286:
6284:
6283:
6279:
6277:
6276:
6272:
6269:
6268:
6264:
6263:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6251:
6244:
6243:
6239:
6237:
6236:
6232:
6230:
6229:
6225:
6223:
6222:
6218:
6216:
6215:
6211:
6209:
6208:
6207:Lufengosaurus
6204:
6202:
6201:
6197:
6194:
6193:
6189:
6187:
6186:
6182:
6180:
6179:
6175:
6173:
6172:
6168:
6167:
6165:
6163:
6159:
6153:
6152:
6148:
6146:
6145:
6144:Eucnemesaurus
6141:
6140:
6138:
6136:
6135:Riojasauridae
6132:
6126:
6125:
6121:
6119:
6118:
6114:
6112:
6111:
6107:
6105:
6104:
6100:
6098:
6097:
6093:
6091:
6090:
6086:
6084:
6083:
6079:
6078:
6075:
6072:
6069:
6064:
6054:
6053:
6049:
6047:
6046:
6042:
6040:
6039:
6035:
6033:
6032:
6028:
6026:
6025:
6021:
6019:
6018:
6017:Euskelosaurus
6014:
6013:
6011:
6009:
6005:
5999:
5998:
5994:
5992:
5991:
5987:
5985:
5984:
5980:
5979:
5976:
5973:
5970:
5965:
5955:
5954:
5950:
5948:
5947:
5943:
5941:
5940:
5936:
5935:
5933:
5931:
5927:
5921:
5920:
5916:
5914:
5913:
5909:
5907:
5906:
5902:
5900:
5899:
5895:
5893:
5892:
5891:Bagualosaurus
5888:
5886:
5885:
5881:
5879:
5878:
5874:
5873:
5870:
5866:
5863:
5860:
5859:Bagualosauria
5855:
5845:
5844:
5840:
5837:
5836:
5832:
5829:
5828:
5827:Pampadromaeus
5824:
5822:
5821:
5817:
5815:
5814:
5810:
5807:
5806:
5802:
5799:
5798:
5794:
5793:
5791:
5789:
5788:Saturnaliidae
5785:
5779:
5778:
5774:
5772:
5771:
5770:Pampadromaeus
5767:
5765:
5764:
5760:
5758:
5757:
5753:
5751:
5750:
5749:Gigantoscelus
5746:
5744:
5743:
5739:
5737:
5736:
5732:
5731:
5728:
5724:
5721:
5718:
5713:
5709:
5705:
5700:
5696:
5675:
5674:
5673:
5672:
5670:
5668:
5664:
5656:
5652:
5651:
5650:
5649:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5637:
5633:
5625:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5603:
5601:
5597:
5595:
5591:
5590:
5585:
5581:
5577:
5570:
5565:
5563:
5558:
5556:
5551:
5550:
5547:
5540:
5537:
5536:
5532:
5524:
5520:
5516:
5512:
5508:
5504:
5500:
5496:
5492:
5485:
5483:
5479:
5474:
5470:
5463:
5460:
5449:on 2013-09-25
5448:
5444:
5440:
5436:
5432:
5431:Geodiversitas
5428:
5421:
5418:
5414:
5410:
5406:
5400:
5398:
5394:
5389:
5385:
5381:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5362:
5355:
5352:
5347:
5343:
5339:
5335:
5331:
5327:
5323:
5316:
5313:
5308:
5304:
5300:
5294:
5290:
5289:
5281:
5278:
5273:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5255:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5237:
5233:
5229:
5225:
5221:
5214:
5211:
5207:(4): 266–271.
5206:
5202:
5198:
5191:
5188:
5183:
5179:
5175:
5169:
5165:
5164:
5156:
5154:
5150:
5145:
5141:
5137:
5133:
5129:
5125:
5121:
5117:
5113:
5106:
5103:
5098:
5094:
5090:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5072:
5068:
5064:
5057:
5055:
5051:
5047:
5043:
5042:Sauroposeidon
5037:
5034:
5029:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5011:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4993:
4989:
4985:
4978:
4975:
4970:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4952:
4948:
4944:
4940:
4936:
4929:
4926:
4921:
4917:
4913:
4909:
4905:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4887:
4883:
4879:
4872:
4870:
4866:
4861:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4833:
4829:
4825:
4817:
4814:
4809:
4805:
4801:
4794:
4791:
4786:
4782:
4778:
4774:
4770:
4766:
4762:
4758:
4754:
4750:
4746:
4739:
4737:
4735:
4731:
4725:
4720:
4716:
4712:
4711:Palaeontology
4708:
4701:
4698:
4692:
4689:
4684:
4680:
4676:
4674:0-89950-917-7
4670:
4666:
4665:
4657:
4655:
4653:
4649:
4644:
4640:
4633:
4631:
4627:
4622:
4614:
4611:
4606:
4602:
4595:
4592:
4588:
4582:
4580:
4578:
4574:
4569:
4565:
4558:
4556:
4554:
4550:
4545:
4541:
4537:
4531:
4527:
4526:
4518:
4516:
4514:
4512:
4510:
4506:
4501:
4497:
4490:
4488:
4484:
4479:
4475:
4468:
4465:
4461:(3): 160–165.
4460:
4456:
4449:
4442:
4439:
4434:
4430:
4426:
4422:
4418:
4414:
4410:
4406:
4399:
4397:
4395:
4391:
4386:
4382:
4379:sp. nov.)'".
4378:
4371:
4369:
4367:
4365:
4363:
4361:
4357:
4350:
4348:
4346:
4344:
4342:
4340:
4336:
4331:
4324:
4322:
4313:
4311:
4309:
4307:
4303:
4298:
4294:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4270:
4266:
4259:
4256:
4251:
4247:
4243:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4220:
4218:
4216:
4214:
4212:
4210:
4208:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4198:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4169:
4165:
4158:
4156:
4147:
4145:
4143:
4141:
4139:
4137:
4135:
4133:
4131:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4121:
4116:
4110:
4106:
4099:
4097:
4095:
4091:
4087:
4083:
4077:
4075:
4073:
4071:
4069:
4067:
4065:
4063:
4059:
4054:
4050:
4043:
4041:
4037:
4033:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4017:
4014:
4010:
4004:
4002:
4000:
3998:
3994:
3989:
3985:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3969:
3962:
3955:
3953:
3949:
3945:
3939:
3937:
3935:
3933:
3931:
3929:
3927:
3925:
3923:
3921:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3899:
3897:
3895:
3893:
3891:
3889:
3885:
3880:
3878:0-520-24209-2
3874:
3870:
3865:
3864:
3855:
3852:
3847:
3845:0-253-33349-0
3841:
3837:
3832:
3831:
3822:
3819:
3814:
3810:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3790:
3786:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3771:
3769:
3767:
3765:
3763:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3755:
3753:
3751:
3749:
3747:
3743:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3731:M. anyuensis,
3728:
3724:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3710:
3706:
3699:
3692:
3691:
3683:
3682:
3674:
3673:
3665:
3664:
3656:
3655:
3647:
3646:
3638:
3637:
3629:
3628:
3620:
3619:
3611:
3610:
3602:
3601:
3593:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3586:
3579:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3571:
3570:
3569:
3562:
3561:
3555:
3554:
3551:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3545:
3538:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3527:
3526:
3518:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3511:Xinjiangtitan
3505:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3495:
3488:
3487:
3481:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3461:
3460:
3452:
3451:
3443:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3437:
3436:Klamelisaurus
3430:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3422:
3417:
3416:
3410:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3402:
3397:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3372:
3371:
3365:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3341:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3321:
3320:
3312:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3299:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3289:
3282:
3281:
3275:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3267:
3266:
3265:
3258:
3257:
3251:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3227:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3210:
3209:
3203:
3202:
3199:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3186:
3185:
3179:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3168:Wamweracaudia
3162:
3161:
3155:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3147:
3146:
3145:
3138:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3114:
3113:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3097:
3093:
3092:
3087:
3086:Xinjiangtitan
3083:
3073:
3072:
3064:
3063:
3055:
3054:
3046:
3045:
3037:
3036:
3028:
3027:
3019:
3018:
3010:
3009:
3001:
3000:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2988:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2971:
2970:
2964:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2951:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2945:
2938:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2921:
2920:
2914:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2897:
2890:
2889:
2883:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2875:
2874:
2873:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2848:
2847:
2841:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2828:
2827:
2819:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2798:
2793:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2773:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2767:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2742:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2708:
2707:
2699:
2698:
2690:
2689:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2675:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2660:
2655:
2654:
2648:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2631:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2607:
2606:
2600:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2590:
2583:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2547:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2527:
2526:
2518:
2517:
2509:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2503:
2496:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2479:
2478:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2462:
2455:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2444:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2431:
2430:
2424:
2423:
2417:
2416:Euhelopodidae
2414:
2413:
2409:
2407:
2398:
2397:
2389:
2388:
2380:
2379:
2371:
2370:
2362:
2361:
2353:
2352:
2344:
2343:
2335:
2334:
2326:
2325:
2317:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2304:
2303:
2300:
2299:
2296:
2291:
2290:
2284:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2276:
2271:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2247:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2204:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2184:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2154:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2127:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2097:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2066:
2065:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2037:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2013:
2012:
2006:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1989:
1979:
1978:
1970:
1969:
1961:
1960:
1952:
1951:
1943:
1942:
1934:
1933:
1925:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1895:
1888:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1871:
1870:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1820:
1819:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1797:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1791:
1790:Tazoudasaurus
1784:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1774:
1767:
1766:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1730:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1713:
1706:
1705:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1682:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1654:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1601:Euhelopodidae
1598:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1562:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1495:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1480:neural spines
1477:
1476:neural arches
1473:
1468:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1393:Sauroposeidon
1389:
1388:Xinjiangtitan
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1346:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1307:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1258:
1254:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1208:, but unlike
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1188:
1187:Zigongosaurus
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1163:Zigongosaurus
1160:
1159:basioccipital
1156:
1154:
1148:
1146:
1145:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1124:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1019:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1002:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
976:
974:
970:
969:
968:Xinjiangtitan
964:
959:
955:
951:
950:decomposition
946:
938:
930:
922:
920:ectopterygoid
916:, a possible
914:
906:
898:
890:
882:
880:
877:, in 1993 by
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
859:Junggar Basin
856:
852:
844:
840:
835:
829:
826:
824:
823:
819:
815:
810:
808:
804:
799:
797:
791:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
754:
750:
746:
743:
738:
732:
729:
727:
726:
722:
718:
713:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
661:
658:
654:
650:
648:
644:
640:
636:
635:type specimen
631:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
607:
603:
598:
591:
589:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
547:Sichuan Basin
544:
540:
537:
531:
480:
476:
475:
461:
410:
409:
395:
394:
387:
383:
378:
377:
370:
365:
364:
357:
353:
349:
348:
341:
336:
335:
328:
327:
325:
322:
317:
310:
309:
301:
298:
294:
289:
284:
283:
276:
273:
272:
269:
263:
260:
259:
256:
250:
247:
244:
243:
240:
234:
231:
228:
227:
224:
221:
218:
215:
214:
211:
208:
205:
202:
201:
198:
195:
192:
191:
188:
185:
182:
181:
178:
175:
172:
171:
166:
161:
157:
154:
150:
145:
141:
136:
131:
123:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
62:
55:
51:
47:
43:
42:Late Jurassic
37:
33:
30:
19:
9908:
9829:
9803:Titanosaurus
9801:
9793:
9786:
9778:
9773:Loricosaurus
9771:
9766:Iuticosaurus
9764:
9757:
9750:
9743:
9735:
9703:Yamanasaurus
9701:
9694:
9687:
9680:
9673:
9665:
9658:
9650:
9644:Abditosaurus
9642:
9621:
9614:
9606:
9599:
9591:
9583:
9576:
9570:Abditosaurus
9568:
9547:
9540:
9532:
9525:
9502:Tapuiasaurus
9500:
9492:
9485:
9465:
9460:Titanomachya
9458:
9451:
9429:Puertasaurus
9427:
9420:
9415:Notocolossus
9413:
9406:
9400:Jiangxititan
9398:
9391:
9383:
9378:Drusilasaura
9376:
9369:
9362:Lognkosauria
9345:
9338:
9331:
9324:
9317:
9310:
9303:
9296:Aeolosaurini
9285:Rinconsaurus
9283:
9276:
9269:
9262:
9254:
9247:
9236:Rinconsauria
9223:
9217:Tengrisaurus
9215:
9210:Quetecsaurus
9208:
9201:
9193:
9186:
9179:
9172:
9165:
9141:
9134:
9100:
9093:
9088:Lohuecotitan
9086:
9079:
9074:Garrigatitan
9072:
9065:
9060:Ampelosaurus
9058:
9033:
9026:
9019:
9014:Uberabatitan
9012:
9007:Sonidosaurus
9005:
8998:
8991:
8984:
8978:Tengrisaurus
8976:
8968:
8961:
8954:
8949:Rapetosaurus
8947:
8940:
8933:
8925:
8918:
8911:
8904:
8897:
8890:
8885:Malawisaurus
8883:
8875:
8868:
8860:
8853:
8846:
8839:
8831:
8826:Huabeisaurus
8824:
8817:
8810:
8802:
8795:
8787:
8780:
8773:
8768:Choconsaurus
8766:
8761:Brasilotitan
8759:
8752:
8744:
8736:
8729:
8722:
8715:
8710:Atacamatitan
8708:
8703:Argyrosaurus
8701:
8694:
8686:
8679:
8671:
8666:Abdarainurus
8664:
8648:Titanosauria
8635:Titanosauria
8604:
8563:Titanosauria
8547:Wintonotitan
8545:
8538:
8531:
8524:
8517:
8493:
8488:Yongjinglong
8486:
8479:
8474:Tambatitanis
8472:
8465:
8458:
8451:
8443:
8438:Huanghetitan
8436:
8431:Huabeisaurus
8429:
8422:
8417:Gannansaurus
8415:
8408:
8401:
8395:Chiayusaurus
8393:
8385:
8365:
8358:
8351:
8344:
8337:
8330:
8323:
8316:
8309:
8301:
8294:
8289:Jiutaisaurus
8287:
8281:Jiangxititan
8279:
8274:Garumbatitan
8272:
8265:
8258:
8253:Dongbeititan
8251:
8244:
8237:
8230:
8225:Austrosaurus
8223:
8216:
8209:
8202:
8178:
8173:Venenosaurus
8171:
8164:
8159:Sonorasaurus
8157:
8150:
8145:Giraffatitan
8143:
8135:
8130:Cedarosaurus
8128:
8121:
8114:
8107:
8086:
8081:Pelorosaurus
8079:
8072:
8065:
8058:
8051:
8044:
8037:
8007:
8002:Camarasaurus
8000:
7980:
7974:Haestasaurus
7972:
7967:Europasaurus
7965:
7957:
7950:
7942:
7935:
7928:
7843:
7836:
7829:
7821:
7814:
7807:
7800:
7793:
7786:Diplodocinae
7775:Brontosaurus
7773:
7765:
7758:
7752:Amphicoelias
7750:
7734:Diplodocidae
7721:
7714:
7707:
7700:
7693:
7686:
7678:
7671:
7664:
7659:Bajadasaurus
7657:
7650:
7645:Amargasaurus
7643:
7606:
7599:
7592:
7585:
7578:
7571:
7552:Rayososaurus
7550:
7543:
7536:
7509:Zapalasaurus
7507:
7502:Xenoposeidon
7500:
7493:
7486:
7478:
7471:
7464:
7456:
7449:
7444:Campananeyen
7442:
7437:Amazonsaurus
7435:
7428:
7393:
7334:
7304:
7297:
7290:
7283:
7276:
7269:
7262:
7200:Neosauropoda
7187:
7180:
7173:
7165:
7157:
7150:
7143:
7136:
7129:
7121:
7115:Haestasaurus
7113:
7105:
7098:
7078:
7071:
7064:
7057:
7050:
7043:
7036:
7029:
7022:
7016:
7015:
7007:
7000:
6993:
6986:
6979:
6971:
6964:
6956:
6949:
6942:
6923:Patagosaurus
6921:
6913:
6905:
6898:
6891:
6873:Volkheimeria
6871:
6864:
6857:
6850:
6845:Perijasaurus
6843:
6838:Nebulasaurus
6836:
6829:
6822:
6817:Dystrophaeus
6815:
6808:
6801:
6794:
6789:Barapasaurus
6787:
6780:
6775:Asiatosaurus
6773:
6766:
6736:
6729:
6708:
6700:
6695:Rhoetosaurus
6693:
6686:
6679:
6671:
6639:Lessemsaurus
6637:
6630:
6623:
6618:Antetonitrus
6616:
6595:
6588:
6581:
6573:
6565:
6558:
6551:
6544:
6537:
6530:
6467:
6403:
6396:
6389:
6382:
6375:
6368:
6361:
6354:
6347:
6340:
6333:
6309:
6304:Yizhousaurus
6302:
6294:
6287:
6280:
6273:
6265:
6240:
6233:
6226:
6219:
6212:
6205:
6198:
6192:Ignavusaurus
6190:
6183:
6176:
6169:
6149:
6142:
6122:
6115:
6108:
6101:
6096:Ignavusaurus
6094:
6087:
6080:
6052:Yimenosaurus
6050:
6045:Plateosaurus
6043:
6036:
6029:
6022:
6015:
5997:Xixiposaurus
5995:
5988:
5981:
5969:Plateosauria
5951:
5944:
5937:
5930:Unaysauridae
5917:
5910:
5903:
5896:
5889:
5882:
5875:
5841:
5833:
5825:
5818:
5811:
5803:
5795:
5775:
5768:
5761:
5756:Guaibasaurus
5754:
5747:
5740:
5733:
5619:
5610:
5498:
5495:GSA Bulletin
5494:
5472:
5468:
5462:
5451:. Retrieved
5447:the original
5434:
5430:
5420:
5412:
5408:
5404:
5371:
5367:
5354:
5329:
5325:
5315:
5287:
5280:
5227:
5223:
5213:
5204:
5200:
5196:
5190:
5162:
5119:
5115:
5105:
5070:
5066:
5045:
5041:
5036:
4991:
4987:
4977:
4942:
4938:
4928:
4885:
4881:
4831:
4827:
4816:
4807:
4803:
4800:Giraffatitan
4799:
4793:
4752:
4748:
4714:
4710:
4700:
4691:
4663:
4642:
4638:
4620:
4613:
4604:
4600:
4594:
4586:
4567:
4563:
4524:
4499:
4495:
4477:
4467:
4458:
4454:
4441:
4408:
4404:
4384:
4380:
4376:
4329:
4320:
4272:
4268:
4258:
4233:
4229:
4167:
4163:
4154:
4104:
4088:, A, 8:1-30.
4085:
4081:
4052:
4048:
4022:
4016:
4008:
3971:
3967:
3943:
3909:
3862:
3854:
3829:
3821:
3788:
3784:
3730:
3726:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3713:
3708:
3704:
3703:
3584:
3583:
3582:
3566:
3565:
3542:
3541:
3509:
3508:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3434:
3433:
3420:
3400:
3377:
3376:
3375:
3346:
3345:
3344:
3303:
3302:
3286:
3285:
3262:
3261:
3231:
3230:
3215:
3214:
3213:
3190:
3189:
3166:
3165:
3142:
3141:
3118:
3117:
3095:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3079:
2992:
2991:
2975:
2974:
2942:
2941:
2925:
2924:
2894:
2893:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2810:
2809:
2796:
2765:
2764:
2763:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2658:
2635:
2634:
2611:
2610:
2587:
2586:
2566:
2551:
2550:
2500:
2499:
2483:
2482:
2459:
2458:
2435:
2434:
2405:
2404:
2308:
2307:
2294:
2274:
2252:
2251:
2250:
2227:
2226:
2225:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2175:
2174:
2158:
2157:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2101:
2100:
2070:
2069:
2056:
2041:
2040:
2017:
2016:
1994:
1993:
1985:
1919:Neosauropoda
1917:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1875:
1874:
1863:Omeisauridae
1843:Patagosaurus
1841:
1840:
1826:Barapasaurus
1824:
1823:
1788:
1787:
1771:
1770:
1734:
1733:
1710:
1709:
1688:Antetonitrus
1686:
1685:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1644:Neosauropoda
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1621:
1617:Neosauropoda
1612:
1604:
1596:
1594:
1589:
1585:
1577:
1569:
1565:
1563:
1558:
1555:monophyletic
1550:
1542:
1541:
1531:
1529:
1516:
1511:
1508:neck posture
1505:
1497:
1491:
1471:
1469:
1459:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1416:
1413:M. anyuensis
1412:
1411:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1350:
1344:
1342:
1333:
1329:
1321:
1317:
1315:
1310:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1270:Miyako Group
1263:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1228:
1223:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1179:M. fuxiensis
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1151:
1149:
1143:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1122:
1112:
1103:
1102:
1093:
1083:
1077:
1068:
1066:
1061:
1055:
1051:M. anyuensis
1050:
1046:
1043:M. anyuensis
1042:
1027:M. anyuensis
1026:
1023:Anyue County
1018:M. anyuensis
1017:
1016:
1011:
995:
983:
977:
972:
966:
962:
957:
944:cervical rib
883:
879:Dale Russell
874:
870:
851:cervical rib
848:
842:
837:Location of
827:
821:
813:
811:
806:
802:
800:
795:
792:
779:
775:
759:
757:
752:
748:
744:
741:
730:
724:
720:
714:
709:
706:type species
701:
697:
693:
685:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
652:
651:
632:
623:
618:Province of
611:
610:
606:Field Museum
601:
582:Aptian stage
578:M. anyuensis
577:
569:
559:geologic age
407:
406:
405:
392:
391:
381:
376:M. anyuensis
375:
374:
362:
361:
346:
345:
333:
332:
307:
306:
297:Type species
281:
280:
245:
229:
216:
203:
148:
35:
29:
9933:Wikispecies
9788:Microcoelus
9696:Saltasaurus
9682:Paralititan
9578:Alamosaurus
9467:Udelartitan
9422:Patagotitan
9319:Bravasaurus
9312:Arrudatitan
9305:Aeolosaurus
9271:Overosaurus
9203:Jainosaurus
9181:Bonitasaura
9102:Paludititan
8993:Traukutitan
8688:Angolatitan
8495:Yunmenglong
8460:Qiaowanlong
8353:Sibirotitan
8318:Oceanotitan
8260:Europatitan
8239:Brontomerus
8232:Brohisaurus
8204:Angolatitan
8137:Galvesaurus
8109:Abydosaurus
8074:Ornithopsis
8067:Fusuisaurus
8053:Eucamerotus
7952:Daanosaurus
7937:Aragosaurus
7838:Supersaurus
7760:Apatosaurus
7723:Tharosaurus
7594:Nigersaurus
7545:Limaysaurus
7306:Ultrasaurus
7182:Turiasaurus
7145:Moabosaurus
7138:Mierasaurus
7107:Bellusaurus
7091:Turiasauria
7031:Qijianglong
6995:Hudiesaurus
6973:Datousaurus
6893:Cetiosaurus
6852:Shunosaurus
6796:Bellusaurus
6768:Algoasaurus
6754:Eusauropoda
6702:Sanpasaurus
6655:Gravisauria
6575:Pulanesaura
6560:Isanosaurus
6532:Amygdalodon
6398:Pulanesaura
6356:Irisosaurus
6342:Anchisaurus
6322:Anchisauria
6296:Xingxiulong
6242:Xingxiulong
6235:Sarahsaurus
6151:Riojasaurus
6117:Sarahsaurus
6103:Kholumolumo
5946:Macrocollum
5884:Asylosaurus
5820:Nhandumirim
5797:Buriolestes
5763:Mbiresaurus
5735:Buriolestes
4387:(1): 61–68.
3588:(referred)
3568:Daanosaurus
3544:Hudiesaurus
3381:(holotype)
3233:Bellusaurus
3192:Qijianglong
3091:Hudiesaurus
2857:(referred)
2751:(holotype)
2406:Topology B:
2231:(referred)
2213:(holotype)
1995:Topology A:
1986:Below, two
1812:Eusauropoda
1749:Gravisauria
1736:Isanosaurus
1609:macronarian
1493:Shunosaurus
1478:and taller
1301:Description
1295:Moshisaurus
1260:NSM PV17656
1198:nomen nudum
1183:nomen nudum
1144:nomina nuda
766:, north of
628:C. C. Young
313:Young, 1954
9996:Categories
9689:Rocasaurus
9616:Qunkasaura
9585:Baurutitan
9347:Shingopana
9174:Baalsaurus
9021:Volgatitan
8956:Rukwatitan
8920:Nullotitan
8906:Ninjatitan
8841:Kaijutitan
8812:Gandititan
8775:Daxiatitan
8738:Baurutitan
8681:Andesaurus
8572:see below↓
8267:Fukuititan
8211:Arkharavia
8166:Soriatitan
8116:Atlasaurus
8088:Rugocaudia
8046:Duriatitan
7982:Yuzhoulong
7930:Abrosaurus
7912:Macronaria
7899:Macronaria
7823:Kaatedocus
7816:Galeamopus
7809:Diplodocus
7795:Barosaurus
7702:Pilmatueia
7695:Lingwulong
7688:Kaatedocus
7608:Tataouinea
7520:Khebbashia
7495:Sidersaura
7225:Macronaria
7175:Tendaguria
7159:Oplosaurus
7123:Janenschia
7024:Omeisaurus
6900:Chebsaurus
6824:Janenschia
6738:Vulcanodon
6681:Kotasaurus
6632:Ledumahadi
6425:see below↓
6384:Meroktenos
6200:Leyesaurus
6089:Gyposaurus
5953:Unaysaurus
5912:Pantydraco
5877:Arcusaurus
5843:Saturnalia
5676:see below↓
5624:Dinosauria
5606:Sauropsida
5453:2021-03-13
4810:(3): 1–14.
4623:: 105–116.
4570:: 102–107.
4275:(4): 335.
4114:0786405910
4084:sp. nov."
3791:: 104176.
3738:References
3719:overlying
3716:Omeisaurus
2565:Core
2055:Core
1877:Omeisaurus
1773:Vulcanodon
1499:Omeisaurus
1366:hyposphene
1210:Omeisaurus
1115:hyoid bone
1096:skeleton,
978:Two large
924:, a right
908:, a right
892:, a right
742:M. youngi,
604:skeleton,
223:Saurischia
210:Dinosauria
9652:Bonatitan
9534:Isisaurus
9340:Punatitan
8819:Hamititan
8797:Elaltitan
8746:Bonatitan
8467:Silutitan
8424:Gobititan
8410:Euhelopus
8152:Lusotitan
7845:Tornieria
7831:Leinkupal
7716:Suuwassea
7430:Agustinia
7278:Dinodocus
7271:Cardiodon
7002:Jingiella
6951:Anhuilong
6514:Sauropoda
6501:Sauropoda
6416:Sauropoda
6391:Mussaurus
6349:Camelotia
6228:Pradhania
6068:Massopoda
5835:Panphagia
5777:Panphagia
5592:Kingdom:
5523:0016-7606
5443:1280-9659
5346:0077-7749
5307:858764960
5254:1932-6203
5182:947074739
5136:0891-2963
5089:1932-8494
5010:2167-8359
4969:0272-4634
4920:227243708
4904:1932-8494
4777:0272-4634
4544:801843269
4433:129309522
4297:210840060
4289:0097-4463
4192:219749618
3988:210840060
3813:199099072
1674:Sauropoda
1664:Sauropoda
1660:cladogram
1640:Euhelopus
1626:ZDM 0126
1605:Euhelopus
1525:cartilage
1517:M. youngi
1512:M. youngi
1484:tail club
1446:M. youngi
1434:M. youngi
1428:M. youngi
1338:pneumatic
1226:in 2019.
954:point bar
912:pterygoid
873:, coined
768:Chongqing
363:M. youngi
255:Sauropoda
183:Kingdom:
177:Eukaryota
50:Oxfordian
9918:Wikidata
9660:Ibirania
9326:Caieiria
9136:Inawentu
8339:Ruixinia
8180:Vouivria
8039:Astrodon
7292:Neosodon
6782:Bagualia
6625:Ingentia
6335:Aardonyx
6282:Qianlong
6110:Musankwa
6082:Gryponyx
5990:Ruehleia
5905:Nambalia
5898:Efraasia
5805:Eoraptor
5742:Eoraptor
5600:Chordata
5598:Phylum:
5594:Animalia
5475:: 21–42.
5272:24204557
5224:PLOS ONE
5144:84286012
5097:28556505
5028:23638372
4912:33258532
4860:21251189
4804:Hunteria
4785:86062974
4683:33665881
4619:China".
4354:Beijing.
4332:: 83–86.
4028:Archived
1630:referred
1465:pelvises
928:quadrate
888:mandible
863:Xinjiang
839:Xinjiang
818:holotype
772:Fu River
694:Mǎmíngxī
647:chevrons
600:Mounted
557:, whose
539:dinosaur
536:sauropod
261:Family:
197:Chordata
193:Phylum:
187:Animalia
173:Domain:
9966:4127401
9953:4822602
9924:Q131038
8696:Arackar
7100:Amanzia
6944:Analong
6831:Jobaria
6289:Seitaad
5604:Class:
5503:Bibcode
5415:: 1－54.
5376:Bibcode
5263:3812961
5232:Bibcode
5019:3628838
4994:: e36.
4947:Bibcode
4851:3045712
4757:Bibcode
4413:Bibcode
4238:Bibcode
4172:Bibcode
3793:Bibcode
3305:Analong
3088:, with
1611:, with
1572:to the
1204:. Like
1073:Sichuan
1041:places
1005:Beijing
896:dentary
788:weather
764:Hechuan
698:Mǎménxī
679:-saurus
657:Chinese
616:Sichuan
584:of the
580:to the
576:), and
565:of the
352:Russell
321:species
274:Genus:
9225:Vahiny
8986:Tiamat
8403:Erketu
6221:Ngwevu
5521:
5441:
5344:
5305:
5295:
5270:
5260:
5252:
5180:
5170:
5142:
5134:
5095:
5087:
5026:
5016:
5008:
4967:
4918:
4910:
4902:
4858:
4848:
4783:
4775:
4681:
4671:
4542:
4532:
4431:
4295:
4287:
4190:
4111:
3986:
3875:
3842:
3811:
1521:stress
1291:dragon
1268:-aged
1121:Other
686:sauros
681:(from
660:Pinyin
470:-chee-
384:, 1996
382:et al.
319:Other
290:, 1954
130:Albian
54:Aptian
9979:38670
5620:Clade
5611:Clade
5364:(PDF)
5140:S2CID
4988:PeerJ
4916:S2CID
4781:S2CID
4717:(6).
4451:(PDF)
4429:S2CID
4326:(PDF)
4293:S2CID
4236:(1).
4188:S2CID
4160:(PDF)
3984:S2CID
3964:(PDF)
3809:S2CID
1564:When
1274:Japan
904:vomer
690:Young
683:Greek
641:, 30
620:China
543:necks
288:Young
246:Clade
230:Clade
217:Clade
204:Clade
153:Japan
9948:GBIF
9527:Igai
6031:Issi
5653:see
5519:ISSN
5439:ISSN
5342:ISSN
5303:OCLC
5293:ISBN
5268:PMID
5250:ISSN
5178:OCLC
5168:ISBN
5132:ISSN
5093:PMID
5085:ISSN
5024:PMID
5006:ISSN
4965:ISSN
4908:PMID
4900:ISSN
4856:PMID
4773:ISSN
4679:OCLC
4669:ISBN
4645:(1).
4540:OCLC
4530:ISBN
4285:ISSN
4109:ISBN
4055:(1).
4025:name
3873:ISBN
3840:ISBN
1658:The
1506:The
1496:and
1241:and
900:, a
747:and
633:The
549:and
67:PreꞒ
7189:Zby
5511:doi
5499:130
5384:doi
5372:349
5334:doi
5330:262
5258:PMC
5240:doi
5124:doi
5075:doi
5071:300
5014:PMC
4996:doi
4955:doi
4890:doi
4886:304
4846:PMC
4836:doi
4765:doi
4719:doi
4421:doi
4277:doi
4246:doi
4180:doi
3976:doi
3869:318
3836:274
3801:doi
3789:104
1553:as
1372:.
1297:".
1272:of
1177:as
1003:in
708:as
671:chi
667:mén
574:mya
474:-əs
472:SOR
468:MUN
466:mə-
380:He
56:),
52:to
44:to
9998::
9976::
9963::
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5509:.
5497:.
5493:.
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5473:IX
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5435:30
5433:.
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5411:,
5396:^
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