137:, which sought to free the country from French colonial rule. Using her work as a midwife to make contacts with other women, she rallied them to the nationalist cause and founded the first women's rights organization in the country. As part of the militant group, she was exiled, arrested and then fled to Tunis, Tunisia in 1955. While living there, she was one of the founders of the
353:, to retell Chentouf's life story. In 2010, it was shown at the Algerian Cultural Center in Paris. Chentouf died on 10 October 2012, in Algiers. Two months after her death a tribute to her memory was hosted by the Wassila-Avife Network at the Palais de la Culture d'Algiers to recognize her contributions to independence and women's rights.
263:
Chentouf became president of the association and Hamoud served as secretary general. In addition to assisting dissidents, the organization encouraged education for boys and girls, distributed food and goods to the poor, and provided aid to those who were sick. Chentouf made many contacts to the cause through her midwifery services.
145:
she became a journalist, returned to
Algiers and studied political science. She served as organizer of the National Union of Algerian Women and was successful in creating family planning centers. Frustrated at an inability to change the family code to prohibit polygamy, she retired from politics in
262:
culture, as opposed to French culture, and accepting the differences of men and women based on biological difference, the organization aimed to increase the political awareness of
Algerian women and offer assistance to those whose spouses had been arrested or detained by the French government.
178:
in 1935. During that time, she became interested in women's rights and wrote a paper on the emancipation of Muslim women. When she graduated in 1942, her father took her to the only university in
Algeria to enroll in midwifery classes. They arrived almost simultaneously with the
227:
in 1945, she worked with Mimi
Belahouel and Kheira Bouayed to smuggle the wounded protesters to safe havens after the French retaliation. In 1947, Aïssa became vice president of AEMAN and was responsible for recruiting women to join the PPA and fight for
329:). The aims of the organization were to hold a conference to address family planning and change the civil code. In 1967, UNFA opened the first family planning center in the maternity ward at
666:
274:. When she returned, Chentouf joined Baya Larab and Hamoud, resuming their agitation, but she was arrested. Upon her release, because of intense surveillance, Chentouf went to
290:
were not recognized because of the internal nature of the conflict, activists hoped to gain both humanitarian aid and gain international acceptance by becoming members of the
691:
610:
291:
861:
248:
305:
In 1961, Chentouf embarked on a career in journalism and was sent as a delegate to the Afro-Asian Women's
Conference by the FLN, which was held in Cairo. Upon the
922:
814:
270:, after a split occurred in the leadership of MTDL. The following year, she was exiled and remained outside the country for several months during the declared
313:
to study political science. When she graduated in 1965, she was in the first class promoted after independence. The following year, Chentouf was asked by
762:
174:. Both parents were supportive of women's education and Aïssa, after completing her primary education was sent as a boarder to the high school in
191:. Postponing her schooling, they left the capital and she taught for a year before returning to school and completed her training as a midwife.
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of
Algeria to Elabdli Aïssa. When she was four years old her family had to flee because her father was wanted by the police. They moved to
639:
744:[Chentouf's mother joins Pierre Schully as the Comrade's Supreme Comrade] (in Arabic). Algiers, Algeria: Al Fadjr. Archived from
267:
674:
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247:, Malika Mefti, Z'hor Reguimi, and Fatima Zekal, organizing women's cells to the cause. Soon thereafter, the PPA dissolved and the
28:
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622:
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278:, where she was joined several months later by her husband. She became part of the group responsible for the creation of the
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232:. Her future husband, Abderezak Chentouf was president of the student association. She worked alongside Salima Belhaffaf,
138:
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864:[A tribute was paid yesterday at the Palais de la Culture to Mamia Chentouf and her sister moudjahida].
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333:. They had much less success in modifying the family code as there was extreme opposition to abolishing
310:
130:
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866:
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862:"Un hommage leur a été rendu hier au Palais de la culture: Mamia Chentouf et ses sœurs moudjahidate"
237:
694:[At the Algerian Cultural Center in Paris: "Mamya Chentouf, activist of the first hour"].
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817:[Mamia Chentouf, Moudjahida, founding member of UNFA: "I still feel committed"].
745:
815:"Mamia Chentouf, Moudjahida, membre fondatrice de l'UNFA: "Je me sens toujours engagée""
692:"Au centre culturel algérien à Paris: "Mamya Chentouf, militante de la première heure""
233:
203:. During her studies, she had joined the Muslim Student's Association of North Africa (
125:
midwife, independence activist and founder of the first women's rights organization in
891:
242:
644:
271:
259:
188:
142:
254:
In 1947, Aïssa and
Chentouf married. Later that year, she and Hamoud founded the
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When she had finished her training, Aïssa opened the first women's clinic in the
155:
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27:
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and completed training as a midwife. During her schooling, she joined the
819:
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468:
466:
334:
618:
295:
275:
126:
68:
843:
Our
Fighting Sisters: Nation, Memory and Gender in Algeria, 1954–2012
718:
The Battle for
Algeria: Sovereignty, Health Care, and Humanitarianism
765:[Tribute to Abderrezak Chentouf: An exceptional activist].
299:
163:
870:(in French). El Achour, Algeria. 13 December 2012. Archived from
587:
Contemporary North Africa: Issues of
Development and Integration
129:. Encouraged by her family to become educated, she attended the
209:
l’Association des étudiants musulmans d’Afrique du Nord (AEMAN)
611:"Algerian feminism and the long struggle for women's equality"
349:(Mamya Chentouf, activist of the first hour) was produced by
642:[Tribute to Mamia Chentouf: Farewell to a fighter].
294:. The first offices of the organization were established in
791:
Women in the Middle East and North Africa: Agents of Change
309:, the couple returned to Algiers and Chentouf entered the
337:, and in 1969, Chentouf resigned from UNFA and politics.
258:, the first organization for Algerian women. Reaffirming
763:"Hommage à Abderrezak Chentouf: Un militant d'exception"
640:"Hommage à Mamia Chentouf : L'adieu à une battante"
453:
451:
449:
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551:
549:
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510:
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midwife, independence activist, women's rights activist
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302:, where Chentouf and her husband remained until 1962.
223:). Taking part in peaceful demonstrations against the
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420:
418:
416:
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321:, to organize the National Union of Algerian Women (
154:
Mamia Aïssa was born in 1922 in Haouz village, near
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100:
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61:
34:
18:
742:"مامية شنتوف تلتحق ببيار شولي إلى الرفيق الأعلى"
249:Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties
166:, Morocco, but as her father was a supporter of
740:(منصر) Mansar, (زهية) Zahia (10 October 2012).
667:"The Algerian War: memoirs of an ICRC delegate"
347:Mamya Chentouf, militante de la première heure
823:(in French). Algiers, Algeria. Archived from
771:(in French). Algiers, Algeria. Archived from
698:(in French). Algiers, Algeria. Archived from
648:(in French). Algiers, Algeria. Archived from
327:Union Nationale des Femmes Algériennes (UNFA)
8:
846:. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
501:
282:in 1957. Because the NLF did not trust the
457:
26:
15:
671:International Committee of the Red Cross
555:
528:
489:
376:
292:International Red Cross and Red Crescent
638:Benhamed, Benhamed (13 December 2012).
540:
516:
474:
438:
366:
65:10 October 2012 (aged 89–90)
426:
788:Sadiqi, Fatima; Ennaji, Moha (2011).
673:. Geneva, Switzerland. Archived from
567:
405:
7:
761:Mebroukine, Ali (24 November 2011).
256:Association of Algerian Muslim Women
118:
609:Bensemra, Zohra (4 October 2016).
14:
923:Algerian women's rights activists
690:Hammoudi, Kahina (13 June 2010).
723:University of Pennsylvania Press
665:Gaillard, Pierre (19 May 2011).
794:. Abingdon-on-Thames, England:
590:. Abingdon-on-Thames, England:
268:National Liberation Front (NLF)
721:. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
225:French colonial administration
221:Parti du Peuple Algerien (PPA)
135:Algerian Independence Movement
1:
280:Algerian Red Crescent Society
266:In 1954, Chentouf joined the
211:) and became involved in the
139:Algerian Red Crescent Society
933:21st-century Algerian people
928:University of Algiers alumni
908:People from Tlemcen Province
813:Tahri, Hamid (15 May 2008).
88:Mamia Aissia, Mamya Chentouf
949:
715:Johnson, Jennifer (2015).
25:
613:. Melbourne, Australia:
594:, Taylor & Francis.
502:Sadiqi & Ennaji 2011
840:Vince, Natalya (2016).
584:Barakat, Halim (2015).
345:In 2007, a documentary
213:Algerian People's Party
326:
220:
208:
185:North African Campaign
918:Algerian nationalists
319:Revolutionary Council
311:University of Algiers
307:conclusion of the war
286:and the terms of the
230:national independence
131:University of Algiers
251:(MTDL) replaced it.
170:they moved again to
141:. At the end of the
504:, pp. 152–153.
181:invasion of Algiers
121:(1922–2012) was an
827:on 25 October 2012
288:Geneva Conventions
272:state of emergency
913:Algerian midwives
853:978-1-5261-0657-5
805:978-0-415-57320-7
768:Le Soir d'Algérie
748:on 9 October 2017
732:978-0-8122-9200-8
702:on 9 October 2017
601:978-1-317-30756-3
331:Mustapha Hospital
315:Houari Boumediene
236:, Nefissa Hafiz,
201:Casbah of Algiers
108:
107:
101:Years active
940:
883:
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677:on 23 March 2017
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621:. Archived from
615:The Conversation
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341:Death and legacy
284:French Red Cross
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160:Tlemcen Province
143:Independence War
120:
85:Other names
54:Tlemcen Province
49:
47:
30:
16:
948:
947:
943:
942:
941:
939:
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937:
888:
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874:on 3 March 2016
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854:
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830:
828:
812:
806:
787:
778:
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775:on 4 March 2016
760:
751:
749:
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714:
705:
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689:
680:
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653:
652:on 1 March 2017
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625:on 4 April 2017
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458:Mebroukine 2011
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351:Baya El Hachemi
343:
240:
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152:
72:
66:
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52:Haouz village,
50:
45:
43:
41:
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12:
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5:
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560:
545:
543:, p. 101.
533:
521:
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443:
441:, p. 141.
431:
410:
381:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
342:
339:
317:, head of the
298:, Morocco and
238:Nefissa Hamoud
234:Nassima Hablal
196:
193:
151:
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111:Mamia Chentouf
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23:
22:
20:Mamia Chentouf
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2:
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570:, p. 75.
569:
564:
561:
557:
556:Hammoudi 2010
552:
550:
546:
542:
537:
534:
530:
529:Gaillard 2011
525:
522:
519:, p. 99.
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498:
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491:
490:Bensemra 2016
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377:Benhamed 2012
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876:. Retrieved
872:the original
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842:
829:. Retrieved
825:the original
818:
790:
777:. Retrieved
773:the original
766:
750:. Retrieved
746:the original
717:
704:. Retrieved
700:the original
695:
679:. Retrieved
675:the original
670:
654:. Retrieved
650:the original
645:El Moudjahid
643:
627:. Retrieved
623:the original
586:
577:Bibliography
563:
541:Johnson 2015
536:
524:
517:Johnson 2015
497:
485:
475:
439:Barakat 2015
434:
346:
344:
304:
265:
253:
198:
189:World War II
153:
110:
109:
903:2012 deaths
898:1922 births
427:Mansar 2012
260:Arab Muslim
241: [
183:during the
119:ماميا شنتوف
77:Nationality
39:Mamia Aïssa
892:Categories
696:Midi Libre
568:Vince 2016
406:Tahri 2008
357:References
156:Bensekrane
150:Early life
878:9 October
831:9 October
796:Routledge
779:9 October
752:9 October
706:9 October
681:9 October
656:8 October
629:9 October
592:Routledge
362:Citations
172:Ghazaouet
168:Ben Badis
104:1944–1969
71:, Algeria
56:, Algeria
820:El Watan
335:polygamy
123:Algerian
80:Algerian
867:Liberté
619:Reuters
476:Liberté
296:Tangier
276:Tunisia
176:Mascara
158:in the
127:Algeria
69:Algiers
44: (
850:
802:
729:
598:
323:French
217:French
205:French
195:Career
146:1969.
115:Arabic
300:Tunis
245:]
164:Oujda
880:2017
848:ISBN
833:2017
800:ISBN
781:2017
754:2017
727:ISBN
708:2017
683:2017
658:2017
631:2017
596:ISBN
478:2012
62:Died
46:1922
42:1922
35:Born
187:of
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113:(
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