Mantis - Knowledge (XXG)

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in the duration of copulation among males which are cannibalized, in some cases doubling both the duration and the chance of fertilization. This is contrasted by a study where males were seen to approach hungry females with more caution, and were shown to remain mounted on hungry females for a longer time, indicating that males that actively avoid cannibalism may mate with multiple females. The same study also found that hungry females generally attracted fewer males than those that were well fed. The act of dismounting after copulation is dangerous for males, for it is the time that females most frequently cannibalize their mates. An increase in mounting duration appears to indicate that males wait for an opportune time to dismount a hungry female, who would be likely to cannibalize her mate. Experiments have revealed that the sex ratio in an environment determines male copulatory behavior of

2673: 2565: 5493: 2313: 127: 2510: 2246: 1900: 2471: 2220: 2125: 1756: 2455: 1973: 1924:. A small area at the front called the fovea has greater visual acuity than the rest of the eye, and can produce the high resolution necessary to examine potential prey. The peripheral ommatidia are concerned with perceiving motion; when a moving object is noticed, the head is rapidly rotated to bring the object into the visual field of the fovea. Further motions of the prey are then tracked by movements of the mantis's head so as to keep the image centered on the fovea. The eyes are widely spaced and 2483: 2914: 2418: 2268: 1863:, which is a spiky part of the grasping apparatus (see illustration). Located at the base of the femur is a set of discoidal spines, usually four in number, but ranging from none to as many as five depending on the species. These spines are preceded by a number of tooth-like tubercles, which, along with a similar series of tubercles along the tibia and the apical claw near its tip, give the foreleg of the mantis its grasp on its prey. The foreleg ends in a delicate 398: 2435: 150: 2175:. Mantises lack chemical protection, so their displays are largely bluff. When flying at night, at least some mantises are able to detect the echolocation sounds produced by bats; when the frequency begins to increase rapidly, indicating an approaching bat, they stop flying horizontally and begin a descending spiral toward the safety of the ground, often preceded by an aerial loop or spin. If caught, they may slash captors with their raptorial legs. 1592: 1773: 2808: 2290: 6279: 6233: 8100: 7268: 6419: 2411:. Molting can happen five to 10 times before the adult stage is reached, depending on the species. After the final molt, most species have wings, though some species remain wingless or brachypterous ("short-winged"), particularly in the female sex. The lifespan of a mantis depends on the species; smaller ones may live 4–8 weeks, while larger species may live 4–6 months. 6267: 2542:(so that they were not hungry) actually displayed elaborate courtship behavior when left undisturbed. The male engages the female in a courtship dance, to change her interest from feeding to mating. Under such circumstances, the female has been known to respond with a defensive deimatic display by flashing the colored eyespots on the inside of her front legs. 2117:: they resemble flowers convincingly enough to attract prey that come to collect pollen and nectar. Some species in Africa and Australia are able to turn black after a molt towards the end of the dry season; at this time of year, bush fires occur and this coloration enables them to blend in with the fire-ravaged landscape ( 2607:) from 1108, gives accurate details of the construction of the egg packages, the development cycle, anatomy, and the function of the antennae. Although mantises are rarely mentioned in Ancient Greek sources, a female mantis in threat posture is accurately illustrated on a series of fifth-century BC silver coins, including 1836:, the prothorax, which bears the head and forelegs, is much longer than the other two thoracic segments. The prothorax is also flexibly articulated, allowing for a wide range of movements of the head and fore limbs while the remainder of the body remains more or less immobile. Mantises also are unique to the 2545:

The reason for sexual cannibalism has been debated; experiments show that females on poor diets are likelier to engage in sexual cannibalism than those on good diets. Some hypothesize that submissive males gain a selective advantage by producing offspring; this is supported by a quantifiable increase

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Mantises are among the insects most widely kept as pets. Because the lifespan of a mantis is only about a year, people who want to keep mantises often breed them. In 2013 at least 31 species were kept and bred in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and the United States. In 1996 at least 50 species

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in the abdomen, not the head, removal of the male's head was a reproductive strategy by females to enhance fertilization while obtaining sustenance. Later, this behavior appeared to be an artifact of intrusive laboratory observation. Whether the behavior is natural in the field or also the result of

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One of the earliest classifications splitting an all-inclusive Mantidae into multiple families was that proposed by Beier in 1968, recognizing eight families, though it was not until Ehrmann's reclassification into 15 families in 2002 that a multiple-family classification became universally adopted.

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The mating season in temperate climates typically takes place in autumn, while in tropical areas, mating can occur at any time of the year. To mate following courtship, the male usually leaps onto the female's back, clasping her thorax and wing bases with his forelegs. He then arches his abdomen to

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habitats. They have triangular heads with bulging eyes supported on flexible necks. Their elongated bodies may or may not have wings, but all Mantodea have forelegs that are greatly enlarged and adapted for catching and gripping prey; their upright posture, while remaining stationary with forearms

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that only feed upon live prey within their reach. They either camouflage themselves and remain stationary, waiting for prey to approach, or stalk their prey with slow, stealthy movements. Larger mantises sometimes eat smaller individuals of their own species, as well as small vertebrates such as

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Sexual cannibalism is common among most predatory species of mantises in captivity. It has sometimes been observed in natural populations, where about a quarter of male–female encounters result in the male being eaten by the female. Around 90% of the predatory species of mantises exhibit sexual

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by means of the resemblance to vegetation moving in the wind. However, the repetitive swaying movements may be most important in allowing the insects to discriminate objects from the background by their relative movement, a visual mechanism typical of animals with simpler sight systems. Rocking

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When directly threatened, many mantis species stand tall and spread their forelegs, with their wings fanning out wide. The fanning of the wings makes the mantis seem larger and more threatening, with some species enhancing this effect with bright colors and patterns on their hindwings and inner

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Most mantises stalk tempting prey if it strays close enough, and will go further when they are especially hungry. Once within reach, mantises strike rapidly to grasp the prey with their spiked raptorial forelegs. Some ground and bark species pursue their prey in a more active way. For example,

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which in turn affects the cannibalistic tendencies of the female and support the sperm competition hypothesis because the polyandrous treatment recorded the highest copulation duration time and lowest cannibalism. This further suggests that dismounting the female can make males susceptible to

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or other backgrounds, both to avoid predators and to better snare their prey. Those that live on uniformly colored surfaces such as bare earth or tree bark are dorsoventrally flattened so as to eliminate shadows that might reveal their presence. The species from different families called

2010: 348:, but a few ground-dwelling species are found actively pursuing their prey. They normally live for about a year. In cooler climates, the adults lay eggs in autumn, then die. The eggs are protected by their hard capsules and hatch in the spring. Females sometimes practice 2745:

he crashed into the mantis and made her reel, and grabbed the underside of her thorax in his jaws. Cicely retaliated by snapping both her front legs shut on Geronimo's hindlegs. They rustled and staggered across the ceiling and down the wall, each seeking to gain some

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The female may begin feeding by biting off the male's head (as they do with regular prey), and if mating has begun, the male's movements may become even more vigorous in its delivery of sperm. Early researchers thought that because copulatory movement is controlled by a

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separately developed in China have movements and fighting strategies based on those of the mantis. As one of these arts was developed in northern China, and the other in southern parts of the country, the arts are today referred to (both in English and Chinese) as

2335: 2144: 487:-like" posture with folded forelimbs. The vernacular plural "mantises" (used in this article) was confined largely to the US, with "mantids" predominantly used as the plural in the UK and elsewhere, until the family Mantidae was further split in 2002. 5464:

Prete, Frederick R.; Wells, Harrington & Wells, Patrick H. (1999). "The Predatory Behavior of Mantids: Historical Attitudes and Contemporary Questions". In Prete, Fredrick R.; Wells, Harrington; Wells, Patrick H. & Hurd, Lawrence E. (eds.).

1989: 2359:. Depending on the species, the ootheca can be attached to a flat surface, wrapped around a plant, or even deposited in the ground. Despite the versatility and durability of the eggs, they are often preyed on, especially by several species of 2402:

insects). For smaller species, the eggs may hatch in 3–4 weeks as opposed to 4–6 weeks for larger species. The nymphs may be colored differently from the adult, and the early stages are often mimics of ants. A mantis nymph grows bigger as it

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distractions caused by the human observer remains controversial. Mantises are highly visual organisms and notice any disturbance in the laboratory or field, such as bright lights or moving scientists. Chinese mantises that had been fed

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Hurd, L. E.; Eisenberg, R. M.; Fagan, W. F.; Tilmon, K. J.; Snyder, W. E.; Vandersall, K. S.; Datz, S. G.; Welch, J. D. (1994). "Cannibalism reverses male-biased sex ratio in adult mantids: female strategy against food limitation?".

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Two species, the Chinese mantis and the European mantis, were deliberately introduced to North America in the hope that they would serve as pest controls for agriculture; they have spread widely in both the United States and Canada.

2872:, who could assume many other forms, such as a snake, hare or vulture. Several ancient civilizations did consider the insect to have supernatural powers; for the Greeks, it had the ability to show lost travelers the way home; in the 1874:

Mantises can be loosely categorized as being macropterous (long-winged), brachypterous (short-winged), micropterous (vestigial-winged), or apterous (wingless). If not wingless, a mantis has two sets of wings: the outer wings, or

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Evangelista, D.A.; Wipfler, B.; O., Bethoux; Donath, A.; Fujita, M.; Kohli, M.K.; Legendre, F.; Liu; Machida; Misof; Peters; Podsiadlowski; Rust; Schuette; Tollenaar; Ware; Wappler; Zhou; Meusemann; Simon (23 January 2019).

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agents; they do not specialize in a single pest insect, and do not multiply rapidly in response to an increase in such a prey species, but are general predators. They therefore have "negligible value" in biological control.

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deposit and store sperm in a special chamber near the tip of the female's abdomen. The female lays between 10 and 400 eggs, depending on the species. Eggs are typically deposited in a froth mass-produced by

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collected at night have been shown to be predominately males; this is probably true for most mantises. Nocturnal flight is especially important to males in locating less-mobile females by detecting their

2977:, climb steps, and grasp objects. The multi-jointed leg provides dexterity via a rotatable joint. Future models may include a more spiked foreleg to improve the grip and ability to support more weight. 1795: 2521:

cannibalism. Adult males typically outnumber females at first, but their numbers may be fairly equivalent later in the adult stage, possibly because females selectively eat the smaller males. In

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movements by these generally sedentary insects may replace flying or running as a source of relative motion of objects in the visual field. As ants may be predators of mantises, genera such as

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Mantises have two spiked, grasping forelegs ("raptorial legs") in which prey items are caught and held securely. In most insect legs, including the posterior four legs of a mantis, the

1609:. Fossils of the group are rare: by 2022, 37 fossil species are known. Fossil mantises, including one from Japan with spines on the front legs as in modern mantises, have been found in 2373:

positions herself on bark with her abdomen covering her egg capsule, ambushing passing prey and moving very little until the eggs hatch. An unusual reproductive strategy is adopted by

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The fore gut of some species extends the whole length of the insect and can be used to store prey for digestion later. This may be advantageous in an insect that feeds intermittently.

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Maxwell, Michael R.; Gallego, Kevin M.; Barry, Katherine L. (2010). "Effects of female feeding regime in a sexually cannibalistic mantid: fecundity, cannibalism, and male response in

1960:. Flying at night exposes mantises to fewer bird predators than diurnal flight would. Many mantises also have an auditory thoracic organ that helps them avoid bats by detecting their 2219: 1995: 1994: 1992: 1991: 5426:

McCafferty, Geoffrey; McCafferty, Sharisse (1 April 2020). "Praying to the Predator: Symbols of Insect Animism on Luna/El Menco Polychrome from Pre-Columbian Pacific Nicaragua".

2905:). Some pre-Columbian cultures in western Nicaragua have preserved oral traditions of the mantis as "Madre Culebra", a powerful predator and symbol of female symbolic authority. 1996: 1879:, are usually narrow and leathery. They function as camouflage and as a shield for the hindwings, which are clearer and more delicate. The abdomen of all mantises consists of 10 5619: 8429: 5088:

Wilder, Shawn M.; Rypstra, Ann L.; Elgar, Mark A. (2009). "The importance of ecological and phylogenetic conditions for the occurrence and frequency of sexual cannibalism".

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can discriminate between different types of prey, and approached spiders mimicking non-aggressive ant species much more than spiders that mimicked aggressive ant species.

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Edmunds, Malcolm; Brunner, Dani (1999). "Ethology of Defenses against Predators". In Prete, Fredrick R.; Wells, Harrington; Wells, Patrick H.; Hurd, Lawrence E. (eds.).

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O'Dea, J. D. (1991). "Eine zusatzliche oder alternative Funktion der 'kryptischen' Schaukelbewegung bei Gottesanbeterinnen und Stabschrecken (Mantodea, Phasmatodea)".

2527:, 83% of males escape cannibalism after an encounter with a female, but since multiple matings occur, the probability of a male's being eaten increases cumulatively. 8293: 2104:

also paralyze some species of mantis to feed their young. Generally, mantises protect themselves by camouflage, most species being cryptically colored to resemble

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language that had developed among the first European settlers. However, at least for the San, the mantis was only one of the manifestations of a trickster-deity,

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Annandale, Nelson (1900). "Observations on the habits and natural surroundings of insects made during the 'Skeat Expedition' to the Malay Peninsula, 1899–1900".

8342: 2672: 1993: 477:, which was, historically, the only family in the order. The other common name, praying mantis, applied to any species in the order (though in Europe mainly to 2564: 8424: 7544: 6222: 6322: 1623:, described in 2003; as in modern mantises, the front legs were adapted for catching prey. Well-preserved specimens yield details as small as 5 μm through 6174: 409:

Over 2,400 species of mantis in about 430 genera are recognized. They are predominantly found in tropical regions, but some live in temperate areas. The

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As in closely related insect groups in the superorder Dictyoptera, mantises go through three life stages: egg, nymph, and adult (mantises are among the

1818:. The articulation of the neck is also remarkably flexible; some species of mantis can rotate their heads nearly 180°. The mantis thorax consists of a 4754: 1792: 8439: 6238: 5574: 3583: 1778:

The raptorial foreleg, showing the unusually long coxa, which, together with the trochanter, gives the impression of a femur. The femur itself is the

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Schwarz CJ, Roy R (2019) The systematics of Mantodea revisited: an updated classification incorporating multiple data sources (Insecta: Dictyoptera)

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combine as an inconspicuous base of the leg; in the raptorial legs, however, the coxa and trochanter combine to form a segment about as long as the

2417: 2209:, like many other arthropods, avoid attacking them. A variety of arthropods, including some early-instar mantises, exploit this behavior and mimic 2163:

surfaces of their front legs. If harassment persists, a mantis may strike with its forelegs and attempt to pinch or bite. As part of the bluffing (

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Hurd, I. E. (1999). "Mantid in Ecological Research". In Prete, Fredrick R.; Wells, Harrington; Wells, Patrick H.; Hurd, Lawrence E. (eds.).

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Hurd, I. E. (1999). "Ecology of Praying Mantids". In Prete, Fredrick R.; Wells, Harrington; Wells, Patrick H.; Hurd, Lawrence E. (eds.).

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Lelito, Jonathan P.; Brown, William D. (2006). "Complicity or conflict over sexual cannibalism? Male risk taking in the praying mantis

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Michael, Maxwell. R. (1999). "Mating Behavior". In Prete, Fredrick R.; Wells, Harrington; Wells, Patrick H.; Hurd, Lawrence E. (eds.).

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sp., although these species usually reproduce sexually. In temperate climates, adults do not survive the winter and the eggs undergo a

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in which the insect makes rhythmic, repetitive side-to-side movements. Functions proposed for this behavior include the enhancement of

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Roy, Roger (1999). "Morphology and Taxonomy". In Prete, Fredrick R.; Wells, Harrington; Wells, Patrick H.; Hurd, Lawrence E. (eds.).

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made philosophical observations about the nature of death while two mantises mated in the sight of two characters in his 1962 novel

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Mantises are thought to have evolved from cockroach-like ancestors. The earliest confidently identified mantis fossils date to the

3720:"Patterns of praying mantis auditory system evolution based on morphological, molecular, neurophysiological, and behavioural data" 7537: 5959: 5045:

Maxwell, Michael R. (1998). "Lifetime mating opportunities and male mating behaviour in sexually cannibalistic praying mantids".

2586:, which gives its attributes in poetry, where it represents courage and fearlessness, and a brief description. A later text, the 2289: 7553: 6315: 5739: 5222:

Liske, E.; Davis, W. J. (1987). "Courtship and mating behaviour of the Chinese praying mantis, Tenodera aridifolia sinenesis".

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Nyffeler, Martin; Maxwell, Michael R.; Remsen, J. V. Jr. (2017). "Bird predation by praying mantises: a global perspective".

8311: 5623: 2770:. The idea is propagated in cartoons by Cable, Guy and Rodd, LeLievre, T. McCracken, and Mark Parisi, among others. It ends 1887:

visible in males and seven visible in females. The abdomen tends to be slimmer in males than females, but ends in a pair of

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Prokop, P; Václav, R (2005). "Males Respond to the Risk of Sperm Competition in the Sexually Cannibalistic Praying Mantis,

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is more muscular than that of a similar-sized mantis and bends back farther in preparation for shooting out to grasp prey.

8329: 8026: 7619: 5115: 2605: "Great History of Medical Material Annotated and Arranged by Types, Based upon the Classics and Historical Works" 1925: 1910: 1779: 6257: 4130:

Yager, David (1999). "Hearing". In Prete, Fredrick R.; Wells, Harrington; Wells, Patrick H.; Hurd, Lawrence E. (eds.).

8434: 8192: 8179: 8076: 7530: 3189: 2727: 2509: 1807: 2588: 8259: 8056: 8036: 6308: 5866: 3295:"An integrative phylogenomic approach illuminates the evolutionary history of cockroaches and termites (Blattodea)" 2844:

According to local beliefs in Africa, this insect brings good luck. The mantis was revered by the southern African

4801:"Innate aversion to ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and ant mimics: experimental findings from mantises (Mantodea)" 8347: 2374: 2355:

in the abdomen. This froth hardens, creating a protective capsule, which together with the egg mass is called an

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and precise stereoscopic vision at close range. The dark spot on each eye that moves as it rotates its head is a

1624: 1601:, a primitive fossil mantis known from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil, and one of the oldest members of the group 149: 3458: 3447:"A Revision of Cretaceous Mantises and Their Relationships, Including New Taxa (Insecta: Dictyoptera: Mantodea)" 2942:

may encourage mantises in the hope of controlling insect pests. However, mantises do not have key attributes of

2881:, the "bird-fly" is a minor god that leads the souls of the dead to the underworld; in a list of 9th-century BC 1613:

amber. Most fossils in amber are nymphs; compression fossils (in rock) include adults. Fossil mantises from the

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Mantises are preyed on by vertebrates such as frogs, lizards, and birds, and by invertebrates such as spiders,

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Western descriptions of the biology and morphology of the mantises became more accurate in the 18th century.

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Nityananda, Vivek; Tarawneh, Ghaith; Rosner, Ronny; Nicolas, Judith; Crichton, Stuart; Read, Jenny (2016).

3587: 8119: 7988: 7306: 6334: 4322:"The fishing mantid: predation on fish as a new adaptive strategy for praying mantids (Insecta: Mantodea)" 2320: 5799: 8378: 8197: 8081: 7973: 7763: 7758: 7609: 5982: 2711: 2678: 2489: 2441: 2383: 2172: 1905: 1899: 1763: 1733:(leathery forewings) like mantises, their antennae are shorter and less thread-like, and the raptorial 8396: 7203: 2913: 2852:

in whose cultures man and nature were intertwined; for its praying posture, the mantis was even named

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from the southern United States: no males have ever been found in this species, and the females breed

444: 8357: 8241: 8166: 7928: 7722: 7709: 7145: 7125: 6271: 6080: 5317: 5270: 5011: 4362: 3939: 3892: 3839: 3688: 3536: 3426: 3245: 1726: 7218: 3537:"A new species of mantis (Insecta: Mantodea: Amelidae) from the Miocene Amber-Lagerstätte in Mexico" 3489: 1639: 8086: 8031: 7798: 7783: 7667: 5672: 4196: 4170: 4086: 2771: 2717: 2688: 2378: 2275: 2132: 1972: 1961: 1680: 356: 7233: 1688: 456: 7604: 7243: 7165: 7140: 6104: 5680: 5443: 5286: 5239: 5204: 5154: 5070: 5027: 4980: 4717: 4386: 4302: 3908: 3626: 3564: 3517: 3470: 2761: 2595: 2504: 2128: 2095: 1867:

used as a walking appendage, made of four or five segments and ending in a two-toed claw with no

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Ramesh, Aparajitha; Vijayan, Sajesh; Sreedharan, Sreethin; Somanathan, Hema; Uma, Divya (2016).

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Gelperin, Alan (July 1968). "Feeding behaviour of the praying mantis: a learned modification".

4232: 3161: 3128: 2381:. The ability to reproduce by parthenogenesis has been recorded in at least two other species, 8419: 8365: 8218: 7808: 7778: 7727: 7717: 7692: 7626: 7399: 7384: 7299: 7193: 6096: 5775: 5553: 5526: 5499: 5472: 5403: 5397: 5350: 5344: 5196: 5062: 4916: 4882: 4709: 4653: 4623: 4619: 4613: 4587: 4481: 4475: 4425: 4378: 4265: 4259: 4238: 4213: 4205: 4174: 4141: 4137: 4131: 4067: 4019: 4013: 3992: 3967: 3865: 3782: 3698: 3664: 3556: 3509: 3404: 3398: 3370: 3326: 3165: 3134: 3102: 3096: 3072: 3068: 3062: 3041: 2836:'. Both are very popular in China, and have also been exported to the West in recent decades. 2788: 2631:

describes an insect resembling a slow-moving green locust with long front legs. He translates

2569: 2523: 2369: 2183: 2156: 2114: 2001: 1977: 1815: 1755: 1591: 1371: 5547: 4878: 4872: 4503:"Pollen feeding and fitness in praying mantids: the vegetarian side of a tritrophic predator" 3986: 3660: 3654: 3035: 8370: 8298: 7978: 7860: 7753: 7748: 7614: 7447: 7135: 6986: 6672: 6126: 6088: 5466: 5435: 5325: 5278: 5231: 5188: 5146: 5097: 5054: 5019: 4972: 4850: 4812: 4699: 4575: 4514: 4456: 4417: 4370: 4333: 4294: 4162: 4059: 3957: 3947: 3900: 3855: 3847: 3774: 3731: 3548: 3501: 3462: 3454: 3316: 3306: 2877: 2424: 2280: 1982: 1929: 1725:

may be confused with mantises, though they are unrelated. Their similarity is an example of

1606: 930: 479: 135: 4445:"Similar yet different: differential response of a praying mantis to ant-mimicking spiders" 4404:

Prete, F. R.; Cleal, K. S. (1996). "The predatory strike of free ranging praying mantises,

590:, so the Mantodea have been revised substantially as of 2019 and now includes 29 families. 7913: 7442: 7429: 7394: 7213: 7130: 7120: 7097: 6664: 6057:

Zhang, Wei; Ricketts, Taylor H.; Kremen, Claire; Carney, Karen; Swinton, Scott M. (2007).

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Boyden, Thomas C. (1983). "Mimicry, predation and potential pollination by the mantispid,

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diverged from the other families at an early date. However, as previously configured, the

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Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.) International Journal of Entomology

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inspired by the forelegs of the praying mantis, with front legs that allow the robot to

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includes a four-page account of an almost evenly matched battle between a mantis and a

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Klass, in 1997, studied the external male genitalia and postulated that the families

364: 84: 6108: 6058: 5743: 5290: 5243: 5208: 5158: 5074: 4984: 4390: 4306: 3474: 2171:, some species may also produce a hissing sound by expelling air from the abdominal 8223: 7983: 7948: 7872: 7642: 7492: 7477: 7452: 7379: 7115: 6888: 6865: 6857: 6799: 6754: 6586: 6529: 6358: 6092: 5650: 4721: 3912: 2824: 2796: 2766: 2750: 2364: 2179: 2062: 1952: 1619: 1597: 967: 830: 793: 598: 587: 402: 381: 7522: 5909: 5137:

Liske, E.; Davis, W. J. (1984). "Sexual behaviour of the Chinese praying mantis".

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Bragg, P.E. (2010). "A review of the Liturgusidae of Borneo (Insecta: Mantodea)".

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Ehrmann, R. 2002. Mantodea: Gottesanbeterinnen der Welt. Natur und Tier, Münster.

469:. The order is occasionally called the mantes, using a Latinized plural of Greek 8334: 8280: 8184: 8151: 8046: 7877: 7848: 7773: 7743: 7697: 7647: 7502: 7482: 7419: 7366: 7238: 7170: 7102: 7057: 7003: 6904: 6834: 6685: 6623: 6499: 5887: 5370: 3006: 2890: 2776: 2408: 2299: 2231: 2210: 1933: 1837: 1722: 1269: 1194: 1135: 1025: 815: 670: 511: 434: 414: 410: 341: 329: 325: 321: 201: 59: 6278: 4519: 4502: 3932:

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

7823: 7818: 7675: 7590: 7487: 7457: 7389: 7188: 6912: 6722: 6631: 6615: 6599: 6427: 5822: 5676: 4854: 2960: 2935: 2898: 2869: 2781: 2612: 2573: 2538: 2193: 1948: 1944: 1845: 1827: 1823: 1708: 1610: 1071: 418: 333: 318: 104: 69: 8142: 6100: 5439: 4217: 4209: 3952: 3560: 3535:

Terríquez-Beltrán, J.; Riquelme, F.; Varela-Hernández, F. (31 October 2022).

3513: 500:

Evolutionary relationships based on Evangelista et al. 2019 are shown in the

465:) meaning "form" or "type". It was coined in 1838 by the German entomologist 8041: 7657: 7497: 7424: 7409: 7354: 7342: 7150: 6994: 6954: 6929: 6782: 6693: 6652: 6639: 6470: 6457: 6418: 6352: 4643: 2939: 2865: 2620: 2199: 2037: 1957: 1921: 1920:. They locate their prey by sight; their compound eyes contain up to 10,000 1884: 1819: 1772: 1715: 1324: 1104: 749: 726: 583: 537: 501: 422: 337: 314: 310: 290: 181: 161: 109: 7291: 6151: 5934: 5703: 5200: 5058: 4713: 4063: 3971: 3928:"Binocular vision in insects: How mantids solve the correspondence problem" 3869: 3330: 3311: 2657:

illustrated and described mantises and their cannibalistic behavior in the

2580:

One of the earliest mantis references is in the ancient Chinese dictionary

2076:

live longer, grow faster, and produce more young when they are able to eat

6266: 5066: 4429: 4382: 4071: 3786: 3778: 3184: 3169: 2926:

were known to be kept in captivity by members of the Mantis Study Group.

2650:, and are believed to represent a deity or spirit called "Madre Culebra". 8205: 8136: 7938: 7843: 7685: 7680: 7467: 7462: 7360: 7198: 7107: 6896: 6766: 6558: 6364: 6241:

was created from a revision of this article dated 18 April 2016

6076: 5845: 4338: 2632: 2608: 2532: 2392: 2205: 2164: 2118: 2100: 2033: 1936:. This occurs because the ommatidia that are viewed "head-on" absorb the 1880: 1832: 1718: 1657: 1408: 1157: 579: 474: 413:

of mantises have long been disputed. Mantises, along with stick insects (

294: 286: 99: 94: 79: 74: 64: 8210: 8099: 7267: 5727: 3630: 1844:

in an auditory chamber in their metathorax. Most mantises can only hear

17: 7933: 7889: 7855: 7833: 7788: 6537: 5031: 4837:

Ene, J. C. (1964). "The distribution and post-embryonic development of

4686:

O'Hanlon, James C.; Holwell, Gregory I.; Herberstein, Marie E. (2014).

2882: 2849: 2616: 2446: 2404: 2356: 2324:

mimics dry grass to both avoid predators and to approach unwitting prey

2226: 2187: 2105: 1876: 1868: 1730: 430: 376: 368: 306: 114: 89: 4460: 4421: 3851: 8285: 7867: 7568: 7557: 7348: 7336: 6874: 6774: 6607: 6516: 6508: 6346: 6331: 4374: 4298: 3904: 3466: 2697: 2628: 2136: 2077: 1888: 484: 278: 191: 171: 8113: 5023: 4194:

Ross, Edward S. (February 1984). "Mantids – The Praying Predators".

429:). Kristensen (1991) combined the Mantodea with the cockroaches and 8272: 5192: 4959:

Lawrence, S. E. (1992). "Sexual cannibalism in the praying mantid,

4704: 4687: 3366:

The external male genitalia and phylogeny of Blattaria and Mantodea

2261:, rearing back with the forelegs and wings spread and mouth opened. 8391: 7838: 6289: 6181:. Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society. Archived from 2970: 2912: 2806: 2732: 2671: 2563: 2508: 2363:. In a few species, mostly ground and bark mantises in the family 2352: 2333: 2142: 2123: 2008: 1987: 1971: 1943:

As their hunting relies heavily on vision, mantises are primarily

1898: 1788: 1590: 2987:

List of Orthopteroid genera containing species recorded in Europe

2135:

are camouflaged pink or yellow, matching the coloration of local

1806:

Mantises have large, triangular heads with a beak-like snout and

7882: 6962: 6300: 3397:

Martill, David M.; Bechly, Günter; Loveridge, Robert F. (2007).

3244:. National Geographic Society. 10 September 2010. Archived from 2974: 2845: 2582: 473:. The name mantid properly refers only to members of the family 8117: 7526: 7295: 7082: 6377: 6304: 4757:. National Geographic Society. 19 November 2002. Archived from 6972: 4041:"Variations in the optical properties of the compound eyes of 386: 5704:"Green Porno: a series of short films by Isabella Rossellini" 4735:

Yager, D.; May, M. (1993). "Coming in on a wing and an ear".

3400:

The Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil: Window into an Ancient World

2774:'s short film about the life of a praying mantis in her 2008 8246: 6219: 6132:. University of California Division of Agricultural Sciences 6014:(Newsletter). UK Mantis Forums. October 2013. Archived from 5346:

The Oxford Handbook of Animals in Classical Thought and Life

3760:: coordination of the capture sequence and strike movements" 2757:

depicts a human-sized mantis standing on a sleeping bishop.

3459:

10.1206/0003-0082(2003)412<0001:AROCMA>2.0.CO;2

2646:

Mantises are a common motif in Luna Polychrome ceramics of

2643:, an old woman, implying a thin, dried-up stick of a body. 6179:

Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence

4901:

Bragg, P.E. (1987) A case of parthenogenesis in a mantis.

3266:

Bragg, P. E. (1996). "Mantis, Mantid, Mantids, Mantises".

2967:

Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence

6154:. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation 5575:"Shoddy Research and Cultural Tropes: The Praying Mantis" 3828:"Insect stereopsis demonstrated using a 3D insect cinema" 3344:

Beier, M. (1968). "Ordnung Mantodea (Fangheuschrecken)".

5343:

Bodson, Liliane (2014). Campbell, Gordon Lindsay (ed.).

2098:, and ants. Some hunting wasps, such as some species of 6292:– Information on mantises, phylogenetics and evolution. 3883:

Rossel, S (1983). "Binocular stereopsis in an insect".

3802:"Insect Order ID: Mantodea (Praying Mantises, Mantids)" 1947:. Many species, however, fly at night, and then may be 385:. Mantises are among the insects most commonly kept as 6915:(net-winged insects: lacewings, mantidflies, antlions) 4755:"Praying Mantis Uses Ultrasonic Hearing to Dodge Bats" 2279:: the brightly colored wings are opened suddenly in a 1951:. They have good night vision. Mantises in the family 324:. Mantises are sometimes confused with stick insects ( 5880:"Insek-kaleidoskoop: Die 'skynheilige' hottentotsgot" 4408:(Burmeister). I: Strikes in the mid-sagittal plane". 1617:

in Brazil include the 10 mm (0.39 in) long

37:"Praying mantis" redirects here. For other uses, see 6059:"Ecosystem services and dis-services to agriculture" 5090:

Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics

3490:"Disambiguating the scientific names of cockroaches" 3392: 3390: 3388: 3386: 2049:

members of a few genera such as the ground mantises

2045:

lizards, frogs, fish, and particularly small birds.

8126: 8067: 8009: 7961: 7912: 7797: 7736: 7708: 7666: 7635: 7578: 7564: 6985: 6943: 6928: 6887: 6856: 6847: 6798: 6752: 6721: 6684: 6651: 6584: 6557: 6528: 6507: 6498: 6469: 6426: 6392: 289:("mantids"). Mantises are distributed worldwide in 5116:"Do Female Praying Mantises Always Eat the Males?" 3040:. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 43–49. 2346:Praying mantis nymphs emerging from their ootheca. 5402:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 334–335. 1761:Wing arrangement of a typical mantis, adult male 6005:Breeding Reports: 1st July 2013–1st October 2013 5772:18 Buddha Hands: Southern Praying Mantis Kung Fu 5742:. Praying Mantis Kung Fu Academy. Archived from 5471:. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 3–8. 3403:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 236–238. 2696:In the early 1900s, people in the United States 336:), or other more distantly related insects with 5546:Emmer, Michele; Schattschneider, Doris (2007). 5396:Erasmus, Desiderius; Fantazzi, Charles (1992). 4669:Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 3207:A companion to the London Museum and Pantherion 2934:Naturally occurring mantis populations provide 2854: 2743: 6232: 6073:International Society for Ecological Economics 5549:M.C. Escher's Legacy: A Centennial Celebration 4945:Dickie, S. (1996) Parthenogenesis in mantids. 4921:Bulletin of the Amateur Entomologists' Society 4903:Bulletin of the Amateur Entomologists' Society 4799:Nelson, Ximena J.; Jackson, Robert R. (2006). 3122: 3120: 3118: 3101:. Harvard University Press. pp. 135–136. 1840:in that they have tympanate hearing, with two 7538: 7307: 6316: 5459: 5457: 5349:. Oxford University Press. pp. 557–558. 3619:Journal of the New York Entomological Society 3586:. National Geographic Society. Archived from 3133:. Vol. 4. Springer. pp. 3033–3037. 2815:, Shi DeRu and Shi DeYang, demonstrating the 8: 5910:"Siyabona Africa: Kruger National Park: San" 3991:. Cambridge University Press. p. 8990. 3718:Yager, David; Svenson, Gavin (1 July 2008). 2659: 2235:has leaf-like forewings and a widened green 4832: 4830: 4828: 4688:"Pollinator deception in the orchid mantis" 4618:. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 4607: 4605: 4603: 4501:Beckman, Noelle; Hurd, Lawrence E. (2003). 4264:. Cambridge University Press. p. 254. 4258:Grimaldi, David; Engel, Michael S. (2005). 4161:Grimaldi, David; Engel, Michael S. (2005). 4136:. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 3749: 3747: 3682: 3680: 3659:. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 3029: 3027: 3025: 3023: 2799:, with a giant mantis threatening mankind. 454: 442: 232: 8430:Insects used as insect pest control agents 8114: 7575: 7545: 7531: 7523: 7314: 7300: 7292: 7090: 7079: 6940: 6853: 6826: 6749: 6745: 6592: 6581: 6577: 6504: 6495: 6491: 6450: 6389: 6385: 6374: 6323: 6309: 6301: 5825:. Shantung Northern Praying Mantis Kung Fu 4877:. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 4866: 4864: 4841:(Stal) (Mantodea : Eremiaphilidae)". 4039:Zeil, Jochen; Al-Mutairi, Maha M. (1996). 3422: 3420: 3278: 3276: 3067:. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 2367:, the mother guards the eggs. The cryptic 2061:run over dry ground seeking prey, much as 285:in 33 families. The largest family is the 125: 45: 6120: 6118: 5765: 5763: 5761: 5170: 5168: 4816: 4805:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 4703: 4518: 4449:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 4337: 4012:Howard, Ian P.; Rogers, Brian J. (1995). 3961: 3951: 3859: 3735: 3724:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 3320: 3310: 3236: 3234: 3224:The British Cyclopædia of Natural History 2725:'s humorously autobiographical 1956 book 1814:, three small simple eyes, and a pair of 7044:Four most speciose orders are marked in 6634:(crickets, wetas, grasshoppers, locusts) 6249:, and does not reflect subsequent edits. 6039:Bragg, P.E. (1996) Species in culture. 5428:Latin American and Latinx Visual Culture 4018:. Oxford University Press. p. 646. 3985:Simmons, Peter J.; Young, David (1999). 3648: 3646: 3644: 3642: 3640: 1782:segment of the grasping part of the leg. 1627:. Extinct families and genera include: 396: 6175:"Leg Design for a Praying Mantis Robot" 5793: 5791: 4996: 4994: 4574:Gullan, P. J.; Cranston, P. S. (2010). 4320:Battison, Roberto; et al. (2018). 3730:(3). Oxford University Press: 541–568. 3584:"Ancient Praying Mantis Found in Amber" 3090: 3088: 2997: 2938:control. Gardeners who prefer to avoid 2413: 2215: 441:is formed from the Ancient Greek words 352:, eating their mates after copulation. 7829:List of crop plants pollinated by bees 5597:"Praying Mantises Cartoons and Comics" 4169:. Cambridge University Press. p. 3221:Partington, Charles Frederick (1837). 1940:, while those to the side reflect it. 1830:. In all species apart from the genus 305:The closest relatives of mantises are 283:over 2,400 species in about 460 genera 5683:from the original on 15 December 2021 5421: 5419: 5102:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.110308.120238 4578:The Insects: An Outline of Entomology 4087:"Can Praying Mantis See in the Dark?" 1714:Because of the superficially similar 7: 8397:2522CD32-FFD6-FFF4-DCC4-FABF221AFB27 8358:68698d10-6496-4d10-92e6-2c39c5fdd704 6907:(alderflies, dobsonflies, fishflies) 6127:"The Praying Mantis (Leaflet 21019)" 5981:Van Zomeren, Linda (16 March 2011). 5118:. Entomology Today. 22 December 2013 3756:"Prey capture in the praying mantis 2005:consuming a smaller immature mantis. 622: 8425:Extant Cretaceous first appearances 5740:"History of Praying Mantis Kung Fu" 5525:. Penguin Books. pp. 204–208. 4052:The Journal of Experimental Biology 3369:. Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut. 2601: 1883:, with a corresponding set of nine 1386: 1364: 1317: 1309: 1285: 1261: 1237: 1172: 1150: 1128: 1120: 1096: 1049: 1041: 1017: 1010: 945: 923: 899: 891: 808: 786: 764: 742: 718: 710: 686: 662: 638: 615: 607: 517: 507: 328:), other elongated insects such as 298:folded, has led to the common name 6173:Cardona, Ramon; Touretzky, David. 5649:. McHumor Cartoons. Archived from 5377:. California Astrology Association 3617:(Say) (Mantispidae: Neuroptera)". 359:by early civilizations, including 25: 7514:List of mantis genera and species 5823:"Northern Praying Mantis Kung Fu" 4287:The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 2428:mating (brown male, green female) 1582:List of mantis genera and species 417:), were once placed in the order 355:Mantises were considered to have 8440:Taxa named by Hermann Burmeister 8098: 7266: 6417: 6277: 6265: 6231: 5492:Randolph, Vance (31 July 2012). 5330:10.1111/j.1439-0310.2005.01113.x 5283:10.1111/j.1365-2311.2010.01239.x 4818:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2006.00598.x 3988:Nerve Cells and Animal Behaviour 3737:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2008.00996.x 3506:10.11646/palaeoentomology.2.4.13 3445:Grimaldi, David (28 July 2003). 3005:Otte, Daniel; Spearman, Lauren. 2764:imagines the female mantis as a 2686:reflected on death as a pair of 2481: 2469: 2453: 2433: 2416: 2311: 2288: 2266: 2244: 2218: 2065:do. Some mantis species such as 1964:calls and responding evasively. 1909:, showing the compound eyes and 1771: 1754: 379:imagines the female mantis as a 148: 5960:"Pet bugs: Kentucky arthropods" 5573:Wade, Lisa (29 November 2010). 4582:(4th ed.). Wiley. p. 4534:Iyer, Geetha (13 August 2011). 4015:Binocular Vision and Stereopsis 3767:Journal of Experimental Biology 3693:. Dorling Kindersley. pp. 3582:Ryall, Julian (25 April 2008). 2572:rest in the shape of a mantis, 2040:. The majority of mantises are 39:Praying mantis (disambiguation) 8231:Cockroach Species File (new): 7944:Home-stored product entomology 6152:"Praying and Chinese Mantises" 6093:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.02.024 5869:, Reference.com, 11 April 2020 5867:Is a Praying Mantis Good Luck? 5647:"Praying Mantis Should Be Gay" 5622:. Off the Mark. Archived from 4927:(367). Mantis Study Group: 242 4917:"Parthenogenetic mantid named" 4915:Bragg, P. E. (December 1989). 4649:Adaptive Coloration in Animals 4326:Journal of Orthoptera Research 3160:. Macmillan Company. pp. 3007:"Mantodea Species File Online" 2589:Jingshi Zhenglei Daguan Bencao 2560:In culture, literature and art 1949:attracted to artificial lights 437:, suborder Mantodea. The name 340:forelegs such as mantisflies ( 1: 8027:Decline in insect populations 7620:List of insect-inspired songs 6837:(sawflies, wasps, ants, bees) 6041:Mantis Study Group Newsletter 5702:Rossellini, Isabella (2009). 5236:10.1016/s0003-3472(87)80024-6 5151:10.1016/S0003-3472(84)80170-0 4977:10.1016/S0003-3472(05)81017-6 4947:Mantis Study Group Newsletter 4410:Brain, Behavior and Evolution 3553:10.1080/08912963.2022.2134782 3488:Li, Xinran (30 August 2019). 3268:Mantis Study Group Newsletter 3154:Essig, Edward Oliver (1947). 2330:Reproduction and life history 6785:(cicadas, aphids, true bugs) 5177:Tenodera aridifolia sinensis 3758:Tenodera aridifolia sinensis 3363:Klass, Klaus-Dieter (1997). 2155:Praying mantises exhibiting 317:), which are all within the 6012:UK Mantis Forums Newsletter 5522:My Family and Other Animals 5399:Adages: Iivii1 to Iiiiii100 3807:. Missouri Botanical Garden 3754:Corrette, Brian J. (1990). 3190:Online Etymology Dictionary 2735:. Shortly before the fatal 2728:My Family and Other Animals 2700:region referred to them as 2273:The jeweled flower mantis, 1928:situated, affording a wide 586:especially were considered 543:(Cockroaches and termites) 483:), comes from the typical " 8456: 8057:Pesticide toxicity to bees 8037:List of endangered insects 6975:(gnats, mosquitoes, flies) 6868:(twisted-winged parasites) 6540:(dragonflies, damselflies) 4843:Journal of Natural History 4782:Entomologische Zeitschrift 4520:10.1603/0046-225X-32.4.881 4477:Encyclopedia of Entomology 4474:Capinera, John L. (2008). 4237:. Springer. p. 1509. 4234:Encyclopedia of Entomology 4231:Capinera, John L. (2008). 3130:Encyclopedia of Entomology 3127:Capinera, John L. (2008). 3098:The Other Insect Societies 2958: 2619:. In the 10th century AD, 2502: 2395:, hatching in the spring. 2213:to evade their predators. 2087: 1729:; mantidflies do not have 1579: 421:with the cockroaches (now 36: 29: 8095: 7511: 7375: 7331: 7260: 7093: 7089: 7078: 7040: 6829: 6748: 6595: 6580: 6494: 6453: 6415: 6388: 6384: 6373: 6341: 5848:. Southern Mantis Kung Fu 5774:. Southern Mantis Press. 5770:Hagood, Roger D. (2012). 5620:"Praying Mantis Cartoons" 5519:Durrell, Gerald (2006) . 4855:10.1080/00222936408651488 4557:Jean-Henri Fabre (1921). 4480:. Springer. p. 116. 3687:Siwanowicz, Igor (2009). 3451:American Museum Novitates 3227:. Vol. 1. W. S. Orr. 3204:Bullock, William (1812). 2969:had produced a prototype 2840:In mythology and religion 2476:Hatching from the ootheca 2133:Malaysian orchid mantises 1930:binocular field of vision 1625:X-ray computed tomography 1406: 1391: 1384: 1369: 1362: 1337: 1322: 1315: 1307: 1291: 1283: 1267: 1259: 1243: 1235: 1192: 1177: 1170: 1155: 1148: 1133: 1126: 1118: 1102: 1094: 1069: 1054: 1047: 1039: 1023: 1015: 1008: 965: 950: 943: 928: 921: 905: 897: 889: 828: 813: 806: 791: 784: 769: 762: 747: 740: 724: 716: 708: 692: 684: 668: 660: 644: 636: 620: 613: 541: 525: 515: 455: 453:) meaning "prophet", and 443: 246: 239: 229: 224: 145:Scientific classification 143: 133: 124: 55:Early Cretaceous – Recent 48: 8022:Colony collapse disorder 8017:Bees and toxic chemicals 6626:(stick and leaf insects) 5962:. University of Kentucky 5802:. Praying Mantis Kung Fu 5800:"Praying Mantis Kung Fu" 5552:. Springer. p. 66. 5495:Ozark Magic and Folklore 5440:10.1525/lavc.2020.220004 4507:Environmental Entomology 4261:Evolution of the Insects 4165:Evolution of the Insects 3953:10.1073/pnas.93.23.13229 2555:Relationship with humans 2096:large species of hornets 2084:Antipredator adaptations 2032:Mantises are generalist 2027:differential grasshopper 1810:. They have two bulbous 1802:Mantis moving on a wall. 425:) and ice crawlers (now 8319:Mantodea Species File: 7924:Insect bites and stings 7901:Drosophila melanogaster 7814:Biological pest control 7053:are paraphyletic groups 6696:(cockroaches, termites) 6460:(silverfish, firebrats) 5939:Encyclopædia Britannica 5498:. Courier Corporation. 5181:The American Naturalist 4692:The American Naturalist 2944:biological pest control 2889:), the mantis is named 2834:Southern Praying Mantis 2830:Northern Praying Mantis 2817:Southern Praying Mantis 2648:pre-Columbian Nicaragua 1707:Similar insects in the 344:). Mantises are mostly 32:Mantis (disambiguation) 7989:Rats, Lice and History 6404:(jumping bristletails) 6227: 6207:Listen to this article 5059:10.1006/anbe.1997.0671 4085:Robert (5 July 2023). 4064:10.1242/jeb.199.7.1569 3704:-978-1-405-33731-1 3312:10.1098/rspb.2018.2076 2922: 2855: 2820: 2748: 2693: 2661:Insekten-Belustigungen 2660: 2577: 2517: 2513:Sexual cannibalism in 2375:Brunner's stick mantis 2347: 2321:Schizocephala bicornis 2159: 2140: 2029: 2006: 1985: 1913: 1803: 1602: 406: 393:Taxonomy and evolution 8379:Paleobiology Database 7974:Alfred Russel Wallace 7759:Entomological warfare 7610:Insects in literature 6296:Mantodea Species File 6226: 5263:Ecological Entomology 4406:Sphodromantis lineola 3779:10.1242/jeb.148.1.147 3346:Handbuch der Zoologie 3095:Costa, James (2006). 2959:Further information: 2916: 2810: 2675: 2667:Insect Entertainments 2639:(maybe a mantis) and 2567: 2512: 2503:Further information: 2490:Sphodromantis lineola 2442:Stagmomantis carolina 2384:Sphodromantis viridis 2345: 2283:to startle predators. 2154: 2127: 2088:Further information: 2020: 1999: 1975: 1906:Archimantis latistyla 1902: 1801: 1620:Santanmantis axelrodi 1594: 400: 7929:Insect sting allergy 7723:Cicadas in mythology 7006:(moths, butterflies) 6274:at Wikimedia Commons 6258:More spoken articles 6064:Ecological Economics 6021:on 23 September 2015 5679:. Sundance Channel. 5673:Rossellini, Isabella 5626:on 25 September 2015 5259:Stagmomantis limbata 4652:. Methuen. pp. 4339:10.3897/jor.27.28067 4043:Uca lactea annulipes 2819:style of martial art 2811:Grandmasters of the 2741:, Durrell narrates: 2635:2.94 with the words 2257:performs a bluffing 1727:convergent evolution 1595:Life restoration of 30:For other uses, see 8032:Habitat destruction 7784:Insects in religion 6085:2007EcoEc..64..253Z 5577:. The Society Pages 5468:The Praying Mantids 5322:2005Ethol.111..836P 5275:2010EcoEn..35..775M 5016:1994Oikos..69..193H 4874:The Praying Mantids 4615:The Praying Mantids 4367:1968Natur.219..399G 4197:National Geographic 4133:The Praying Mantids 3944:1996PNAS...9313229R 3938:(23): 13229–13232. 3897:1983Natur.302..821R 3844:2016NatSR...618718N 3800:Kemper, William T. 3656:The Praying Mantids 3611:Climaciella brunnea 3064:The Praying Mantids 3037:The Praying Mantids 2792:is a 1957 American 2772:Isabella Rossellini 2718:Gongylus gongylodes 2689:Gongylus gongylodes 2655:Roesel von Rosenhof 2379:parthenogenetically 2276:Creobroter gemmatus 357:supernatural powers 8435:Insects in culture 8105:Insects portal 8077:Insects and humans 7605:Arthropods in film 7554:Human interactions 7273:Insects portal 7244:Triadophlebioptera 6290:Mantis Study Group 6228: 5709:. Sundance Channel 4963:: a field study". 4839:Tarachodes afzelli 4560:More Hunting Wasps 4540:Frontline Magazine 3926:Rossel, S (1996). 3832:Scientific Reports 3541:Historical Biology 3248:on 11 January 2010 3157:College entomology 2923: 2917:Gray adult female 2903:buru-enmeli-ashaga 2821: 2721:). The naturalist 2694: 2578: 2518: 2505:Sexual cannibalism 2499:Sexual cannibalism 2348: 2160: 2141: 2129:Aggressive mimicry 2030: 2007: 1986: 1914: 1804: 1603: 601:Mantodea families 467:Hermann Burmeister 407: 350:sexual cannibalism 8407: 8406: 8366:Open Tree of Life 8120:Taxon identifiers 8111: 8110: 8000:Insect Literature 7957: 7956: 7856:Carmine/Cochineal 7809:Beneficial insect 7779:Insects in ethics 7728:Scarab (artifact) 7718:Bees in mythology 7627:Insects on stamps 7520: 7519: 7438: 7437:(flower mantises) 7400:Dactylopterygidae 7385:Amorphoscelididae 7289: 7288: 7256: 7255: 7252: 7251: 7194:Palaeodictyoptera 7179: 7111: 7074: 7073: 7070: 7069: 7036: 7035: 7032: 7031: 7028: 7027: 7024: 7023: 7020: 7019: 7016: 7015: 7007: 6998: 6976: 6966: 6958: 6936: 6924: 6923: 6916: 6908: 6900: 6878: 6869: 6838: 6794: 6793: 6786: 6778: 6770: 6717: 6716: 6713: 6712: 6705: 6697: 6676: 6673:Mantophasmatodea 6668: 6657: 6643: 6635: 6627: 6619: 6611: 6603: 6553: 6552: 6549: 6548: 6541: 6520: 6509:Ephemeropteroidea 6461: 6413: 6412: 6405: 6270:Media related to 6224: 5985:. Keeping Insects 5983:"European Mantis" 5781:978-0-9857240-1-6 5746:on 1 October 2015 5559:978-3-540-28849-7 5532:978-0-14-193609-3 5505:978-0-486-12296-0 5478:978-0-8018-6174-1 5409:978-0-8020-2831-0 5356:978-0-19-958942-5 4888:978-0-8018-6174-1 4629:978-0-8018-6174-1 4593:978-1-118-84616-2 4487:978-1-4020-6242-1 4461:10.1111/bij.12793 4422:10.1159/000113196 4361:(5152): 399–400. 4271:978-0-521-82149-0 4244:978-1-4020-6242-1 4180:978-0-521-82149-0 4147:978-0-8018-6174-1 4091:Insects Authority 4025:978-0-19-508476-4 3998:978-0-521-62726-9 3891:(5911): 821–822. 3852:10.1038/srep18718 3670:978-0-8018-6174-1 3547:(11): 2127–2134. 3410:978-1-139-46776-6 3376:978-3-925382-45-1 3183:Harper, Douglas. 3140:978-1-4020-6242-1 3108:978-0-674-02163-1 3078:978-0-8018-6174-1 3047:978-0-8018-6174-1 2789:The Deadly Mantis 2715:(the species was 2524:Tenodera sinensis 2370:Tarachodes maurus 2343: 2318:The grass mantis 2157:motion camouflage 2152: 2115:aggressive mimics 2067:Euantissa pulchra 2018: 2002:Tenodera sinensis 1997: 1978:Tenodera sinensis 1799: 1764:Raptrix perspicua 1577: 1576: 1572: 1571: 1563: 1562: 1554: 1553: 1545: 1544: 1536: 1535: 1527: 1526: 1518: 1517: 1509: 1508: 1500: 1499: 1491: 1490: 1482: 1481: 1473: 1472: 1464: 1463: 1455: 1454: 1446: 1445: 1437: 1436: 1428: 1427: 1419: 1418: 1372:Dactylopterygidae 1350: 1349: 1241:Hoplocoryphoidea 1223: 1222: 1214: 1213: 1205: 1204: 1082: 1081: 996: 995: 987: 986: 978: 977: 903:Chroicopteroidea 877: 876: 868: 867: 859: 858: 850: 849: 841: 840: 561: 560: 552: 551: 264: 263: 252: 220: 16:(Redirected from 8447: 8400: 8399: 8387: 8386: 8374: 8373: 8361: 8360: 8351: 8350: 8338: 8337: 8335:NBNSYS0000172145 8325: 8324: 8315: 8314: 8302: 8301: 8289: 8288: 8276: 8275: 8263: 8262: 8250: 8249: 8237: 8236: 8227: 8226: 8214: 8213: 8201: 8200: 8188: 8187: 8175: 8174: 8162: 8161: 8160: 8147: 8146: 8145: 8115: 8103: 8102: 7979:Jean-Henri Fabre 7754:Cricket fighting 7749:Cockroach racing 7615:Insects in music 7576: 7547: 7540: 7533: 7524: 7448:Leptomantellidae 7436: 7316: 7309: 7302: 7293: 7271: 7270: 7204:Permoplectoptera 7177: 7136:Diaphanopterodea 7109: 7091: 7080: 7005: 6996: 6987:Amphiesmenoptera 6974: 6968: 6964: 6956: 6946: 6941: 6935: 6932: 6914: 6906: 6898: 6876: 6867: 6854: 6850: 6836: 6827: 6784: 6776: 6769:(barklice, lice) 6768: 6760: 6750: 6746: 6703: 6695: 6674: 6666: 6665:Grylloblattodea 6655: 6641: 6633: 6625: 6617: 6609: 6601: 6593: 6589: 6582: 6578: 6539: 6518: 6505: 6496: 6492: 6459: 6451: 6421: 6403: 6390: 6386: 6375: 6325: 6318: 6311: 6302: 6282:Data related to 6281: 6269: 6248: 6246: 6235: 6234: 6225: 6215: 6213: 6208: 6195: 6194: 6192: 6190: 6170: 6164: 6163: 6161: 6159: 6148: 6142: 6141: 6139: 6137: 6131: 6122: 6113: 6112: 6054: 6048: 6037: 6031: 6030: 6028: 6026: 6020: 6009: 6001: 5995: 5994: 5992: 5990: 5978: 5972: 5971: 5969: 5967: 5956: 5950: 5949: 5947: 5945: 5931: 5925: 5924: 5922: 5920: 5906: 5900: 5899: 5897: 5895: 5886:. Archived from 5884:Mieliestronk.com 5876: 5870: 5864: 5858: 5857: 5855: 5853: 5841: 5835: 5834: 5832: 5830: 5818: 5812: 5811: 5809: 5807: 5795: 5786: 5785: 5767: 5756: 5755: 5753: 5751: 5736: 5730: 5725: 5719: 5718: 5716: 5714: 5708: 5699: 5693: 5692: 5690: 5688: 5669: 5663: 5662: 5660: 5658: 5642: 5636: 5635: 5633: 5631: 5615: 5609: 5608: 5606: 5604: 5593: 5587: 5586: 5584: 5582: 5570: 5564: 5563: 5543: 5537: 5536: 5516: 5510: 5509: 5489: 5483: 5482: 5461: 5452: 5451: 5423: 5414: 5413: 5393: 5387: 5386: 5384: 5382: 5367: 5361: 5360: 5340: 5334: 5333: 5306:Mantis religiosa 5301: 5295: 5294: 5254: 5248: 5247: 5230:(5): 1524–1537. 5224:Animal Behaviour 5219: 5213: 5212: 5172: 5163: 5162: 5139:Animal Behaviour 5134: 5128: 5127: 5125: 5123: 5112: 5106: 5105: 5085: 5079: 5078: 5053:(4): 1011–1028. 5047:Animal Behaviour 5042: 5036: 5035: 4998: 4989: 4988: 4965:Animal Behaviour 4961:Mantis religiosa 4956: 4950: 4943: 4937: 4936: 4934: 4932: 4912: 4906: 4905:, 46 (356): 160. 4899: 4893: 4892: 4868: 4859: 4858: 4834: 4823: 4822: 4820: 4796: 4790: 4789: 4777: 4771: 4770: 4768: 4766: 4751: 4745: 4744: 4732: 4726: 4725: 4707: 4683: 4677: 4676: 4664: 4658: 4657: 4640: 4634: 4633: 4609: 4598: 4597: 4581: 4571: 4565: 4564: 4554: 4548: 4547: 4531: 4525: 4524: 4522: 4498: 4492: 4491: 4471: 4465: 4464: 4440: 4434: 4433: 4401: 4395: 4394: 4375:10.1038/219399a0 4350: 4344: 4343: 4341: 4317: 4311: 4310: 4299:10.1676/16-100.1 4282: 4276: 4275: 4255: 4249: 4248: 4228: 4222: 4221: 4191: 4185: 4184: 4168: 4158: 4152: 4151: 4127: 4121: 4120: 4113:Sepilok Bulletin 4108: 4102: 4101: 4099: 4097: 4082: 4076: 4075: 4058:(7): 1569–1577. 4049: 4036: 4030: 4029: 4009: 4003: 4002: 3982: 3976: 3975: 3965: 3955: 3923: 3917: 3916: 3905:10.1038/302821a0 3880: 3874: 3873: 3863: 3823: 3817: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3806: 3797: 3791: 3790: 3764: 3751: 3742: 3741: 3739: 3715: 3709: 3708: 3690:Animals Up Close 3684: 3675: 3674: 3650: 3635: 3634: 3606: 3600: 3599: 3597: 3595: 3590:on 29 April 2008 3579: 3573: 3572: 3532: 3526: 3525: 3494:Palaeoentomology 3485: 3479: 3478: 3442: 3436: 3424: 3415: 3414: 3394: 3381: 3380: 3360: 3354: 3353: 3341: 3335: 3334: 3324: 3314: 3289: 3283: 3280: 3271: 3264: 3258: 3257: 3255: 3253: 3242:"Praying Mantis" 3238: 3229: 3228: 3218: 3212: 3211: 3210:(12th ed.). 3201: 3195: 3194: 3180: 3174: 3173: 3151: 3145: 3144: 3124: 3113: 3112: 3092: 3083: 3082: 3058: 3052: 3051: 3031: 3018: 3017: 3015: 3013: 3002: 2930:For pest control 2878:Book of the Dead 2874:Ancient Egyptian 2858: 2782:Sundance Channel 2663: 2606: 2603: 2599: 2576:, Japan, c. 1800 2548:Mantis religiosa 2515:Mantis religiosa 2485: 2473: 2457: 2437: 2425:Mantis religiosa 2420: 2361:parasitoid wasps 2344: 2315: 2292: 2281:deimatic display 2270: 2248: 2222: 2184:rocking behavior 2153: 2074:Chinese mantises 2042:ambush predators 2019: 1998: 1968:Diet and hunting 1800: 1775: 1758: 1607:Early Cretaceous 1387: 1365: 1318: 1310: 1289:Galinthiadoidea 1286: 1262: 1238: 1173: 1151: 1129: 1124:Eremiaphiloidea 1121: 1097: 1050: 1045:Epaphroditoidea 1042: 1018: 1011: 946: 931:Leptomantellidae 924: 900: 892: 809: 787: 765: 743: 719: 711: 690:Metallyticoidea 687: 663: 639: 623:† Extinct Genera 616: 608: 594: 593: 518: 508: 480:Mantis religiosa 460: 459: 448: 447: 346:ambush predators 251:Burmeister, 1829 250: 215: 153: 152: 136:Mantis religiosa 129: 119: 56: 52:Temporal range: 46: 27:Order of insects 21: 8455: 8454: 8450: 8449: 8448: 8446: 8445: 8444: 8410: 8409: 8408: 8403: 8395: 8390: 8382: 8377: 8369: 8364: 8356: 8354: 8346: 8341: 8333: 8328: 8320: 8318: 8310: 8305: 8297: 8292: 8284: 8279: 8271: 8266: 8258: 8253: 8245: 8240: 8232: 8230: 8222: 8217: 8209: 8204: 8196: 8191: 8183: 8178: 8170: 8165: 8156: 8155: 8150: 8141: 8140: 8135: 8122: 8112: 8107: 8097: 8091: 8069: 8063: 8005: 7953: 7915: 7908: 7800: 7793: 7732: 7704: 7662: 7631: 7571: 7566: 7560: 7551: 7521: 7516: 7507: 7443:Iridopterygidae 7430:Hoplocoryphidae 7395:Chroicopteridae 7371: 7327: 7320: 7290: 7285: 7265: 7248: 7214:Protelytroptera 7146:Eudiaphanoptera 7131:Coxoplectoptera 7126:Carbotriplurida 7121:Campylopteridae 7098:Aethiocarenodea 7085: 7066: 7012: 6981: 6957:(scorpionflies) 6944: 6933: 6931: 6920: 6883: 6848: 6843: 6821: 6819: 6817: 6815: 6813: 6811: 6809: 6807: 6805: 6803: 6801: 6790: 6740: 6738: 6736: 6734: 6732: 6730: 6728: 6726: 6724: 6709: 6680: 6654: 6647: 6642:(angel insects) 6585: 6572: 6570: 6568: 6566: 6564: 6562: 6560: 6545: 6524: 6486: 6484: 6482: 6480: 6478: 6476: 6474: 6472: 6465: 6445: 6443: 6441: 6439: 6437: 6435: 6433: 6431: 6429: 6422: 6409: 6380: 6369: 6337: 6329: 6262: 6261: 6250: 6244: 6242: 6239:This audio file 6236: 6229: 6220: 6217: 6211: 6210: 6206: 6203: 6198: 6188: 6186: 6185:on 24 June 2016 6172: 6171: 6167: 6157: 6155: 6150: 6149: 6145: 6135: 6133: 6129: 6124: 6123: 6116: 6056: 6055: 6051: 6038: 6034: 6024: 6022: 6018: 6007: 6003: 6002: 5998: 5988: 5986: 5980: 5979: 5975: 5965: 5963: 5958: 5957: 5953: 5943: 5941: 5933: 5932: 5928: 5918: 5916: 5914:Siyabona Africa 5908: 5907: 5903: 5893: 5891: 5878: 5877: 5873: 5865: 5861: 5851: 5849: 5843: 5842: 5838: 5828: 5826: 5821:Barnes, Bryan. 5820: 5819: 5815: 5805: 5803: 5797: 5796: 5789: 5782: 5769: 5768: 5759: 5749: 5747: 5738: 5737: 5733: 5726: 5722: 5712: 5710: 5706: 5701: 5700: 5696: 5686: 5684: 5671: 5670: 5666: 5656: 5654: 5653:on 5 March 2016 5644: 5643: 5639: 5629: 5627: 5617: 5616: 5612: 5602: 5600: 5595: 5594: 5590: 5580: 5578: 5572: 5571: 5567: 5560: 5545: 5544: 5540: 5533: 5518: 5517: 5513: 5506: 5491: 5490: 5486: 5479: 5463: 5462: 5455: 5425: 5424: 5417: 5410: 5395: 5394: 5390: 5380: 5378: 5369: 5368: 5364: 5357: 5342: 5341: 5337: 5303: 5302: 5298: 5256: 5255: 5251: 5221: 5220: 5216: 5174: 5173: 5166: 5136: 5135: 5131: 5121: 5119: 5114: 5113: 5109: 5087: 5086: 5082: 5044: 5043: 5039: 5024:10.2307/3546137 5000: 4999: 4992: 4958: 4957: 4953: 4944: 4940: 4930: 4928: 4914: 4913: 4909: 4900: 4896: 4889: 4870: 4869: 4862: 4849:(80): 493–511. 4836: 4835: 4826: 4798: 4797: 4793: 4779: 4778: 4774: 4764: 4762: 4753: 4752: 4748: 4737:Natural History 4734: 4733: 4729: 4685: 4684: 4680: 4666: 4665: 4661: 4642: 4641: 4637: 4630: 4611: 4610: 4601: 4594: 4573: 4572: 4568: 4556: 4555: 4551: 4536:"Down to earth" 4533: 4532: 4528: 4500: 4499: 4495: 4488: 4473: 4472: 4468: 4442: 4441: 4437: 4403: 4402: 4398: 4352: 4351: 4347: 4319: 4318: 4314: 4284: 4283: 4279: 4272: 4257: 4256: 4252: 4245: 4230: 4229: 4225: 4193: 4192: 4188: 4181: 4160: 4159: 4155: 4148: 4129: 4128: 4124: 4110: 4109: 4105: 4095: 4093: 4084: 4083: 4079: 4047: 4038: 4037: 4033: 4026: 4011: 4010: 4006: 3999: 3984: 3983: 3979: 3925: 3924: 3920: 3882: 3881: 3877: 3825: 3824: 3820: 3810: 3808: 3804: 3799: 3798: 3794: 3762: 3753: 3752: 3745: 3717: 3716: 3712: 3705: 3686: 3685: 3678: 3671: 3652: 3651: 3638: 3608: 3607: 3603: 3593: 3591: 3581: 3580: 3576: 3534: 3533: 3529: 3487: 3486: 3482: 3444: 3443: 3439: 3425: 3418: 3411: 3396: 3395: 3384: 3377: 3362: 3361: 3357: 3343: 3342: 3338: 3299:Proc. R. Soc. B 3291: 3290: 3286: 3281: 3274: 3265: 3261: 3251: 3249: 3240: 3239: 3232: 3220: 3219: 3215: 3203: 3202: 3198: 3182: 3181: 3177: 3153: 3152: 3148: 3141: 3126: 3125: 3116: 3109: 3094: 3093: 3086: 3079: 3060: 3059: 3055: 3048: 3033: 3032: 3021: 3011: 3009: 3004: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2983: 2963: 2957: 2932: 2919:Carolina mantis 2911: 2842: 2805: 2794:science fiction 2780:season for the 2702:Devil's horses. 2604: 2593: 2562: 2557: 2507: 2501: 2494: 2486: 2477: 2474: 2465: 2458: 2449: 2438: 2429: 2421: 2334: 2332: 2325: 2316: 2307: 2304:avoid predators 2293: 2284: 2271: 2262: 2249: 2240: 2223: 2178:Mantises, like 2143: 2111:flower mantises 2092: 2086: 2009: 1988: 1970: 1897: 1891:in both sexes. 1789: 1787: 1786: 1785: 1784: 1783: 1776: 1768: 1767: 1759: 1748: 1743: 1712: 1704: 1615:Crato Formation 1589: 1587:Fossil mantises 1584: 1578: 1573: 1564: 1555: 1546: 1537: 1528: 1519: 1510: 1501: 1492: 1483: 1474: 1465: 1456: 1447: 1438: 1429: 1420: 1351: 1313:Hymenopodoidea 1246:Hoplocoryphidae 1224: 1215: 1206: 1116:Heteromantodea 1083: 997: 988: 979: 953:Amorphoscelidae 908:Chroicopteridae 878: 869: 860: 851: 842: 772:Coptopterygidae 682:Schizomantodea 642:Chaeteessoidea 567: 562: 553: 498: 493: 433:into the order 427:Grylloblattodea 395: 214: 147: 120: 118: 117: 112: 107: 102: 97: 92: 87: 82: 77: 72: 67: 62: 54: 53: 50: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8453: 8451: 8443: 8442: 8437: 8432: 8427: 8422: 8412: 8411: 8405: 8404: 8402: 8401: 8388: 8375: 8362: 8352: 8339: 8326: 8316: 8303: 8290: 8277: 8264: 8255:Fauna Europaea 8251: 8238: 8228: 8215: 8202: 8189: 8176: 8163: 8148: 8132: 8130: 8124: 8123: 8118: 8109: 8108: 8096: 8093: 8092: 8090: 8089: 8084: 8079: 8073: 8071: 8065: 8064: 8062: 8061: 8060: 8059: 8054: 8049: 8039: 8034: 8029: 8024: 8019: 8013: 8011: 8007: 8006: 8004: 8003: 7996:Lafcadio Hearn 7993: 7981: 7976: 7971: 7969:Jan Swammerdam 7965: 7963: 7959: 7958: 7955: 7954: 7952: 7951: 7946: 7941: 7936: 7931: 7926: 7920: 7918: 7910: 7909: 7907: 7906: 7905: 7904: 7895:Model organism 7892: 7887: 7886: 7885: 7875: 7870: 7865: 7864: 7863: 7853: 7852: 7851: 7846: 7841: 7836: 7831: 7826: 7816: 7811: 7805: 7803: 7795: 7794: 7792: 7791: 7786: 7781: 7776: 7771: 7769:Insect farming 7766: 7761: 7756: 7751: 7746: 7740: 7738: 7734: 7733: 7731: 7730: 7725: 7720: 7714: 7712: 7706: 7705: 7703: 7702: 7701: 7700: 7690: 7689: 7688: 7683: 7672: 7670: 7664: 7663: 7661: 7660: 7655: 7653:Artificial fly 7650: 7645: 7639: 7637: 7633: 7632: 7630: 7629: 7624: 7623: 7622: 7612: 7607: 7602: 7601: 7600: 7593: 7586:Insects in art 7582: 7580: 7573: 7562: 7561: 7552: 7550: 7549: 7542: 7535: 7527: 7518: 7517: 7512: 7509: 7508: 7506: 7505: 7500: 7495: 7490: 7485: 7480: 7475: 7473:Metallyticidae 7470: 7465: 7460: 7455: 7450: 7445: 7440: 7435:Hymenopodidae 7432: 7427: 7422: 7417: 7415:Eremiaphilidae 7412: 7407: 7402: 7397: 7392: 7387: 7382: 7376: 7373: 7372: 7370: 7369: 7363: 7357: 7351: 7345: 7339: 7332: 7329: 7328: 7321: 7319: 7318: 7311: 7304: 7296: 7287: 7286: 7284: 7283: 7276: 7261: 7258: 7257: 7254: 7253: 7250: 7249: 7247: 7246: 7241: 7236: 7231: 7229:Protozygoptera 7226: 7224:Protorthoptera 7221: 7219:Protephemerida 7216: 7211: 7209:Protanisoptera 7206: 7201: 7196: 7191: 7186: 7181: 7178:(griffinflies) 7176:Meganisoptera 7173: 7168: 7163: 7158: 7156:Glosselytrodea 7153: 7148: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7128: 7123: 7118: 7113: 7105: 7100: 7094: 7087: 7086: 7083: 7076: 7075: 7072: 7071: 7068: 7067: 7065: 7064: 7054: 7048: 7041: 7038: 7037: 7034: 7033: 7030: 7029: 7026: 7025: 7022: 7021: 7018: 7017: 7014: 7013: 7011: 7010: 7000: 6991: 6989: 6983: 6982: 6980: 6979: 6969: 6949: 6947: 6938: 6926: 6925: 6922: 6921: 6919: 6918: 6910: 6902: 6897:Raphidioptera 6893: 6891: 6885: 6884: 6882: 6881: 6871: 6862: 6860: 6851: 6849:Neuropteroidea 6845: 6844: 6842: 6841: 6830: 6824: 6796: 6795: 6792: 6791: 6789: 6788: 6780: 6772: 6763: 6761: 6743: 6719: 6718: 6715: 6714: 6711: 6710: 6708: 6707: 6699: 6690: 6688: 6682: 6681: 6679: 6678: 6670: 6667:(ice-crawlers) 6661: 6659: 6649: 6648: 6646: 6645: 6637: 6629: 6621: 6613: 6605: 6596: 6590: 6575: 6555: 6554: 6551: 6550: 6547: 6546: 6544: 6543: 6534: 6532: 6526: 6525: 6523: 6522: 6517:Ephemeroptera 6513: 6511: 6502: 6489: 6467: 6466: 6464: 6463: 6454: 6448: 6424: 6423: 6416: 6414: 6411: 6410: 6408: 6407: 6402:Archaeognatha 6398: 6396: 6382: 6381: 6378: 6371: 6370: 6368: 6367: 6361: 6355: 6349: 6342: 6339: 6338: 6330: 6328: 6327: 6320: 6313: 6305: 6299: 6298: 6293: 6287: 6286:at Wikispecies 6275: 6251: 6237: 6230: 6218: 6205: 6204: 6202: 6201:External links 6199: 6197: 6196: 6165: 6143: 6114: 6049: 6032: 5996: 5973: 5951: 5926: 5901: 5890:on 24 May 2019 5871: 5859: 5836: 5813: 5787: 5780: 5757: 5731: 5720: 5694: 5664: 5645:McCracken, T. 5637: 5618:Parisi, Mark. 5610: 5599:. CartoonStock 5588: 5565: 5558: 5538: 5531: 5511: 5504: 5484: 5477: 5453: 5415: 5408: 5388: 5362: 5355: 5335: 5316:(9): 836–848. 5296: 5269:(6): 775–787. 5249: 5214: 5193:10.1086/505757 5187:(2): 263–269. 5164: 5145:(3): 916–918. 5129: 5107: 5080: 5037: 5010:(2): 193–198. 4990: 4971:(4): 569–583. 4951: 4938: 4907: 4894: 4887: 4860: 4824: 4791: 4772: 4761:on 21 May 2006 4746: 4727: 4705:10.1086/673858 4698:(1): 126–132. 4678: 4659: 4635: 4628: 4599: 4592: 4566: 4549: 4526: 4513:(4): 881–885. 4493: 4486: 4466: 4455:(1): 158–165. 4435: 4416:(4): 173–190. 4396: 4345: 4332:(2): 155–158. 4312: 4293:(2): 331–344. 4277: 4270: 4250: 4243: 4223: 4204:(2): 268–280. 4186: 4179: 4153: 4146: 4122: 4103: 4077: 4031: 4024: 4004: 3997: 3977: 3918: 3875: 3818: 3792: 3743: 3710: 3703: 3676: 3669: 3636: 3625:(4): 508–511. 3601: 3574: 3527: 3500:(4): 390–402. 3480: 3453:(3412): 1–47. 3437: 3432:55 [2] 3416: 3409: 3382: 3375: 3355: 3336: 3284: 3272: 3259: 3230: 3213: 3196: 3175: 3146: 3139: 3114: 3107: 3084: 3077: 3053: 3046: 3019: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2990: 2989: 2982: 2979: 2956: 2953: 2931: 2928: 2910: 2907: 2885:grasshoppers ( 2841: 2838: 2813:Shaolin Temple 2804: 2801: 2723:Gerald Durrell 2561: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2500: 2497: 2496: 2495: 2487: 2480: 2478: 2475: 2468: 2466: 2460:Recently laid 2459: 2452: 2450: 2439: 2432: 2430: 2422: 2415: 2400:hemimetabolous 2331: 2328: 2327: 2326: 2317: 2310: 2308: 2294: 2287: 2285: 2272: 2265: 2263: 2259:threat display 2250: 2243: 2241: 2224: 2217: 2169:threat display 2085: 2082: 2023:chinese mantis 1969: 1966: 1938:incident light 1916:Mantises have 1896: 1893: 1777: 1770: 1769: 1760: 1753: 1752: 1751: 1750: 1749: 1747: 1744: 1742: 1739: 1711: 1705: 1703: 1702: 1701: 1700: 1692: 1684: 1676: 1664:Incertae sedis 1660: 1654: 1652:Santanmantidae 1648: 1642: 1640:Gryllomantidae 1636: 1634:Baissomantidae 1629: 1588: 1585: 1575: 1574: 1570: 1569: 1566: 1565: 1561: 1560: 1557: 1556: 1552: 1551: 1548: 1547: 1543: 1542: 1539: 1538: 1534: 1533: 1530: 1529: 1525: 1524: 1521: 1520: 1516: 1515: 1512: 1511: 1507: 1506: 1503: 1502: 1498: 1497: 1494: 1493: 1489: 1488: 1485: 1484: 1480: 1479: 1476: 1475: 1471: 1470: 1467: 1466: 1462: 1461: 1458: 1457: 1453: 1452: 1449: 1448: 1444: 1443: 1440: 1439: 1435: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1426: 1425: 1422: 1421: 1417: 1416: 1413: 1412: 1405: 1402: 1401: 1398: 1397: 1390: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1379: 1376: 1375: 1368: 1363: 1361: 1357: 1356: 1353: 1352: 1348: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1336: 1333: 1332: 1329: 1328: 1321: 1316: 1314: 1308: 1306: 1302: 1301: 1298: 1297: 1294:Galinthiadidae 1290: 1284: 1282: 1278: 1277: 1274: 1273: 1266: 1260: 1258: 1254: 1253: 1250: 1249: 1242: 1236: 1234: 1233:Pareumantodea 1230: 1229: 1226: 1225: 1221: 1220: 1217: 1216: 1212: 1211: 1208: 1207: 1203: 1202: 1199: 1198: 1191: 1188: 1187: 1184: 1183: 1180:Eremiaphilidae 1176: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1165: 1162: 1161: 1154: 1149: 1147: 1144: 1143: 1140: 1139: 1132: 1127: 1125: 1119: 1117: 1113: 1112: 1109: 1108: 1101: 1095: 1093: 1089: 1088: 1085: 1084: 1080: 1079: 1076: 1075: 1068: 1065: 1064: 1061: 1060: 1057:Epaphroditidae 1053: 1048: 1046: 1040: 1038: 1034: 1033: 1030: 1029: 1022: 1016: 1014: 1009: 1007: 1003: 1002: 999: 998: 994: 993: 990: 989: 985: 984: 981: 980: 976: 975: 972: 971: 964: 961: 960: 957: 956: 949: 944: 942: 939: 938: 935: 934: 927: 922: 920: 919:Nanomantoidea 916: 915: 912: 911: 904: 898: 896: 890: 888: 887:Cernomantodea 884: 883: 880: 879: 875: 874: 871: 870: 866: 865: 862: 861: 857: 856: 853: 852: 848: 847: 844: 843: 839: 838: 835: 834: 827: 824: 823: 820: 819: 812: 807: 805: 802: 801: 798: 797: 790: 785: 783: 780: 779: 776: 775: 768: 763: 761: 758: 757: 754: 753: 746: 741: 739: 738:Acanthopoidea 735: 734: 731: 730: 723: 717: 715: 714:Amerimantodea 709: 707: 703: 702: 699: 698: 695:Metallyticidae 691: 685: 683: 679: 678: 675: 674: 667: 661: 659: 658:Spinomantodea 655: 654: 651: 650: 643: 637: 635: 631: 630: 627: 626: 619: 614: 612: 606: 603: 602: 592: 576:Metallyticidae 566: 563: 559: 558: 555: 554: 550: 549: 546: 545: 540: 534: 533: 530: 529: 524: 516: 514: 506: 497: 494: 492: 489: 394: 391: 361:ancient Greece 300:praying mantis 281:that contains 262: 261: 260: 259: 256: 253: 244: 243: 237: 236: 227: 226: 222: 221: 209: 205: 204: 199: 195: 194: 189: 185: 184: 179: 175: 174: 169: 165: 164: 159: 155: 154: 141: 140: 131: 130: 122: 121: 113: 108: 103: 98: 93: 88: 83: 78: 73: 68: 63: 58: 57: 51: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8452: 8441: 8438: 8436: 8433: 8431: 8428: 8426: 8423: 8421: 8418: 8417: 8415: 8398: 8393: 8389: 8385: 8380: 8376: 8372: 8367: 8363: 8359: 8353: 8349: 8344: 8340: 8336: 8331: 8327: 8323: 8317: 8313: 8308: 8304: 8300: 8295: 8291: 8287: 8282: 8278: 8274: 8269: 8265: 8261: 8256: 8252: 8248: 8243: 8239: 8235: 8229: 8225: 8220: 8216: 8212: 8207: 8203: 8199: 8194: 8190: 8186: 8181: 8177: 8173: 8168: 8164: 8159: 8153: 8149: 8144: 8138: 8134: 8133: 8131: 8129: 8125: 8121: 8116: 8106: 8101: 8094: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8074: 8072: 8066: 8058: 8055: 8053: 8052:Neonicotinoid 8050: 8048: 8045: 8044: 8043: 8040: 8038: 8035: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8014: 8012: 8008: 8001: 7997: 7994: 7991: 7990: 7985: 7982: 7980: 7977: 7975: 7972: 7970: 7967: 7966: 7964: 7960: 7950: 7947: 7945: 7942: 7940: 7937: 7935: 7932: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7921: 7919: 7917: 7911: 7903: 7902: 7898: 7897: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7884: 7881: 7880: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7862: 7859: 7858: 7857: 7854: 7850: 7847: 7845: 7842: 7840: 7837: 7835: 7832: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7821: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7806: 7804: 7802: 7796: 7790: 7787: 7785: 7782: 7780: 7777: 7775: 7772: 7770: 7767: 7765: 7762: 7760: 7757: 7755: 7752: 7750: 7747: 7745: 7742: 7741: 7739: 7737:Other aspects 7735: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7716: 7715: 7713: 7711: 7707: 7699: 7696: 7695: 7694: 7691: 7687: 7684: 7682: 7679: 7678: 7677: 7674: 7673: 7671: 7669: 7665: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7640: 7638: 7634: 7628: 7625: 7621: 7618: 7617: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7608: 7606: 7603: 7599: 7598: 7597:Musca depicta 7594: 7592: 7589: 7588: 7587: 7584: 7583: 7581: 7577: 7574: 7570: 7563: 7559: 7555: 7548: 7543: 7541: 7536: 7534: 7529: 7528: 7525: 7515: 7510: 7504: 7501: 7499: 7496: 7494: 7491: 7489: 7486: 7484: 7481: 7479: 7476: 7474: 7471: 7469: 7466: 7464: 7461: 7459: 7456: 7454: 7451: 7449: 7446: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7433: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7423: 7421: 7418: 7416: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7405:Deroplatyidae 7403: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7391: 7390:Chaeteessidae 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7378: 7377: 7374: 7368: 7364: 7362: 7358: 7356: 7352: 7350: 7346: 7344: 7340: 7338: 7334: 7333: 7330: 7325: 7317: 7312: 7310: 7305: 7303: 7298: 7297: 7294: 7282: 7281: 7277: 7275: 7274: 7269: 7263: 7262: 7259: 7245: 7242: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7227: 7225: 7222: 7220: 7217: 7215: 7212: 7210: 7207: 7205: 7202: 7200: 7197: 7195: 7192: 7190: 7187: 7185: 7184:Megasecoptera 7182: 7180: 7174: 7172: 7169: 7167: 7164: 7162: 7159: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7134: 7132: 7129: 7127: 7124: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7112: 7106: 7104: 7101: 7099: 7096: 7095: 7092: 7088: 7081: 7077: 7063: 7061: 7055: 7052: 7049: 7047: 7043: 7042: 7039: 7009: 7008: 7001: 6999: 6997:(caddisflies) 6993: 6992: 6990: 6988: 6984: 6978: 6977: 6970: 6967: 6963:Siphonaptera 6960: 6959: 6951: 6950: 6948: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6934:(Mecopterida) 6927: 6917: 6911: 6909: 6903: 6901: 6895: 6894: 6892: 6890: 6886: 6880: 6879: 6872: 6870: 6866:Strepsiptera 6864: 6863: 6861: 6859: 6855: 6852: 6846: 6840: 6839: 6832: 6831: 6828: 6825: 6823: 6797: 6787: 6781: 6779: 6775:Thysanoptera 6773: 6771: 6765: 6764: 6762: 6757: 6756: 6751: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6720: 6706: 6700: 6698: 6692: 6691: 6689: 6687: 6683: 6677: 6671: 6669: 6663: 6662: 6660: 6658: 6650: 6644: 6638: 6636: 6630: 6628: 6622: 6620: 6618:(webspinners) 6614: 6612: 6606: 6604: 6598: 6597: 6594: 6591: 6588: 6583: 6579: 6576: 6574: 6556: 6542: 6536: 6535: 6533: 6531: 6527: 6521: 6515: 6514: 6512: 6510: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6497: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6468: 6462: 6456: 6455: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6425: 6420: 6406: 6400: 6399: 6397: 6395: 6391: 6387: 6383: 6376: 6372: 6366: 6362: 6360: 6356: 6354: 6350: 6348: 6344: 6343: 6340: 6336: 6333: 6326: 6321: 6319: 6314: 6312: 6307: 6306: 6303: 6297: 6294: 6291: 6288: 6285: 6280: 6276: 6273: 6268: 6264: 6263: 6259: 6255: 6240: 6200: 6184: 6180: 6176: 6169: 6166: 6153: 6147: 6144: 6128: 6125:Doutt, R. L. 6121: 6119: 6115: 6110: 6106: 6102: 6098: 6094: 6090: 6086: 6082: 6078: 6074: 6070: 6066: 6065: 6060: 6053: 6050: 6046: 6042: 6036: 6033: 6017: 6013: 6006: 6000: 5997: 5984: 5977: 5974: 5961: 5955: 5952: 5940: 5936: 5930: 5927: 5915: 5911: 5905: 5902: 5889: 5885: 5881: 5875: 5872: 5868: 5863: 5860: 5847: 5840: 5837: 5824: 5817: 5814: 5801: 5794: 5792: 5788: 5783: 5777: 5773: 5766: 5764: 5762: 5758: 5745: 5741: 5735: 5732: 5729: 5724: 5721: 5705: 5698: 5695: 5682: 5678: 5677:"Green Porno" 5674: 5668: 5665: 5652: 5648: 5641: 5638: 5625: 5621: 5614: 5611: 5598: 5592: 5589: 5576: 5569: 5566: 5561: 5555: 5551: 5550: 5542: 5539: 5534: 5528: 5524: 5523: 5515: 5512: 5507: 5501: 5497: 5496: 5488: 5485: 5480: 5474: 5470: 5469: 5460: 5458: 5454: 5449: 5445: 5441: 5437: 5433: 5429: 5422: 5420: 5416: 5411: 5405: 5401: 5400: 5392: 5389: 5376: 5372: 5371:"Entomomancy" 5366: 5363: 5358: 5352: 5348: 5347: 5339: 5336: 5331: 5327: 5323: 5319: 5315: 5311: 5307: 5300: 5297: 5292: 5288: 5284: 5280: 5276: 5272: 5268: 5264: 5261:(Mantodea)". 5260: 5253: 5250: 5245: 5241: 5237: 5233: 5229: 5225: 5218: 5215: 5210: 5206: 5202: 5198: 5194: 5190: 5186: 5182: 5178: 5171: 5169: 5165: 5160: 5156: 5152: 5148: 5144: 5140: 5133: 5130: 5117: 5111: 5108: 5103: 5099: 5095: 5091: 5084: 5081: 5076: 5072: 5068: 5064: 5060: 5056: 5052: 5048: 5041: 5038: 5033: 5029: 5025: 5021: 5017: 5013: 5009: 5005: 4997: 4995: 4991: 4986: 4982: 4978: 4974: 4970: 4966: 4962: 4955: 4952: 4948: 4942: 4939: 4926: 4922: 4918: 4911: 4908: 4904: 4898: 4895: 4890: 4884: 4880: 4876: 4875: 4867: 4865: 4861: 4856: 4852: 4848: 4844: 4840: 4833: 4831: 4829: 4825: 4819: 4814: 4810: 4806: 4802: 4795: 4792: 4788:(1–2): 25–27. 4787: 4783: 4776: 4773: 4760: 4756: 4750: 4747: 4742: 4738: 4731: 4728: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4711: 4706: 4701: 4697: 4693: 4689: 4682: 4679: 4674: 4670: 4663: 4660: 4655: 4651: 4650: 4645: 4639: 4636: 4631: 4625: 4621: 4617: 4616: 4608: 4606: 4604: 4600: 4595: 4589: 4585: 4580: 4579: 4570: 4567: 4563:. Dodd, Mead. 4562: 4561: 4553: 4550: 4545: 4541: 4537: 4530: 4527: 4521: 4516: 4512: 4508: 4504: 4497: 4494: 4489: 4483: 4479: 4478: 4470: 4467: 4462: 4458: 4454: 4450: 4446: 4439: 4436: 4431: 4427: 4423: 4419: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4400: 4397: 4392: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4356: 4349: 4346: 4340: 4335: 4331: 4327: 4323: 4316: 4313: 4308: 4304: 4300: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4281: 4278: 4273: 4267: 4263: 4262: 4254: 4251: 4246: 4240: 4236: 4235: 4227: 4224: 4219: 4215: 4211: 4207: 4203: 4199: 4198: 4190: 4187: 4182: 4176: 4172: 4167: 4166: 4157: 4154: 4149: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4134: 4126: 4123: 4118: 4114: 4107: 4104: 4092: 4088: 4081: 4078: 4073: 4069: 4065: 4061: 4057: 4053: 4046: 4044: 4035: 4032: 4027: 4021: 4017: 4016: 4008: 4005: 4000: 3994: 3990: 3989: 3981: 3978: 3973: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3949: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3922: 3919: 3914: 3910: 3906: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3886: 3879: 3876: 3871: 3867: 3862: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3833: 3829: 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3089: 3085: 3080: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3065: 3057: 3054: 3049: 3043: 3039: 3038: 3030: 3028: 3026: 3024: 3020: 3008: 3001: 2998: 2992: 2988: 2985: 2984: 2980: 2978: 2976: 2972: 2968: 2965:In 2016, the 2962: 2954: 2952: 2948: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2929: 2927: 2921:in human hand 2920: 2915: 2908: 2906: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2860:("god of the 2859: 2857: 2856:Hottentotsgot 2851: 2847: 2839: 2837: 2835: 2831: 2826: 2818: 2814: 2809: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2795: 2791: 2790: 2785: 2783: 2779: 2778: 2773: 2769: 2768: 2763: 2758: 2756: 2752: 2747: 2742: 2740: 2739: 2734: 2730: 2729: 2724: 2720: 2719: 2714: 2713: 2708: 2707:Aldous Huxley 2704: 2703: 2699: 2691: 2690: 2685: 2684:Aldous Huxley 2681: 2680: 2674: 2670: 2668: 2664: 2662: 2656: 2651: 2649: 2644: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2597: 2592: 2590: 2585: 2584: 2575: 2571: 2566: 2559: 2554: 2552: 2551:cannibalism. 2549: 2543: 2541: 2540: 2534: 2528: 2526: 2525: 2516: 2511: 2506: 2498: 2492: 2491: 2484: 2479: 2472: 2467: 2463: 2456: 2451: 2448: 2444: 2443: 2436: 2431: 2427: 2426: 2419: 2414: 2412: 2410: 2406: 2401: 2396: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2385: 2380: 2376: 2372: 2371: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2329: 2323: 2322: 2314: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2298: 2291: 2286: 2282: 2278: 2277: 2269: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2255: 2254:Iris oratoria 2251:Adult female 2247: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2233: 2228: 2221: 2216: 2214: 2212: 2208: 2207: 2202: 2201: 2196: 2195: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2180:stick insects 2176: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2158: 2138: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2120: 2119:fire melanism 2116: 2112: 2107: 2103: 2102: 2097: 2091: 2090:Flower mantis 2083: 2081: 2079: 2075: 2070: 2068: 2064: 2063:tiger beetles 2060: 2056: 2052: 2046: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2028: 2024: 2004: 2003: 1984: 1981:feeding on a 1980: 1979: 1974: 1967: 1965: 1963: 1959: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1941: 1939: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1918:stereo vision 1912: 1908: 1907: 1901: 1894: 1892: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1872: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1849: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1834: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1812:compound eyes 1809: 1781: 1774: 1766: 1765: 1757: 1745: 1740: 1738: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1717: 1710: 1706: 1699: 1698: 1693: 1691: 1690: 1685: 1683: 1682: 1681:Chaeteessites 1677: 1675: 1674: 1669: 1668: 1666: 1665: 1661: 1659: 1655: 1653: 1649: 1647: 1646:Cretomantidae 1643: 1641: 1637: 1635: 1631: 1630: 1628: 1626: 1622: 1621: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1600: 1599: 1593: 1586: 1583: 1568: 1567: 1559: 1558: 1550: 1549: 1541: 1540: 1532: 1531: 1523: 1522: 1514: 1513: 1505: 1504: 1496: 1495: 1487: 1486: 1478: 1477: 1469: 1468: 1460: 1459: 1451: 1450: 1442: 1441: 1433: 1432: 1424: 1423: 1415: 1414: 1411: 1410: 1404: 1403: 1400: 1399: 1396: 1395: 1394:Deroplatyidae 1389: 1388: 1382: 1381: 1378: 1377: 1374: 1373: 1367: 1366: 1359: 1358: 1355: 1354: 1346: 1345: 1342: 1341: 1340:Hymenopodidae 1335: 1334: 1331: 1330: 1327: 1326: 1320: 1319: 1312: 1311: 1304: 1303: 1300: 1299: 1296: 1295: 1288: 1287: 1280: 1279: 1276: 1275: 1272: 1271: 1265:Miomantoidea 1264: 1263: 1257:Calomantodea 1256: 1255: 1252: 1251: 1248: 1247: 1240: 1239: 1232: 1231: 1228: 1227: 1219: 1218: 1210: 1209: 1201: 1200: 1197: 1196: 1190: 1189: 1186: 1185: 1182: 1181: 1175: 1174: 1168: 1167: 1164: 1163: 1160: 1159: 1153: 1152: 1146: 1145: 1142: 1141: 1138: 1137: 1131: 1130: 1123: 1122: 1115: 1114: 1111: 1110: 1107: 1106: 1099: 1098: 1091: 1090: 1087: 1086: 1078: 1077: 1074: 1073: 1067: 1066: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1058: 1052: 1051: 1044: 1043: 1036: 1035: 1032: 1031: 1028: 1027: 1021:Gonypetoidea 1020: 1019: 1013: 1012: 1006:Metamantodea 1005: 1004: 1001: 1000: 992: 991: 983: 982: 974: 973: 970: 969: 963: 962: 959: 958: 955: 954: 948: 947: 941: 940: 937: 936: 933: 932: 926: 925: 918: 917: 914: 913: 910: 909: 902: 901: 895:Nanomantodea 894: 893: 886: 885: 882: 881: 873: 872: 864: 863: 855: 854: 846: 845: 837: 836: 833: 832: 826: 825: 822: 821: 818: 817: 811: 810: 804: 803: 800: 799: 796: 795: 789: 788: 782: 781: 778: 777: 774: 773: 767: 766: 760: 759: 756: 755: 752: 751: 745: 744: 737: 736: 733: 732: 729: 728: 721: 720: 713: 712: 706:Artimantodea 705: 704: 701: 700: 697: 696: 689: 688: 681: 680: 677: 676: 673: 672: 666:Mantoidoidea 665: 664: 657: 656: 653: 652: 649: 648: 647:Chaeteessidae 641: 640: 633: 632: 629: 628: 625: 624: 618: 617: 610: 609: 605: 604: 600: 597:Cladogram of 596: 595: 591: 589: 585: 581: 577: 573: 572:Chaeteessidae 564: 557: 556: 548: 547: 544: 539: 536: 535: 532: 531: 528: 523: 520: 519: 513: 510: 509: 505: 503: 495: 490: 488: 486: 482: 481: 476: 472: 468: 464: 458: 452: 446: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 416: 412: 405: 404: 399: 392: 390: 388: 384: 383: 378: 374: 371:. A cultural 370: 366: 365:ancient Egypt 362: 358: 353: 351: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 327: 323: 320: 316: 312: 308: 303: 301: 296: 292: 288: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 257: 254: 248: 247: 245: 242: 238: 235: 234: 228: 223: 218: 213: 210: 207: 206: 203: 200: 197: 196: 193: 190: 187: 186: 183: 180: 177: 176: 173: 170: 167: 166: 163: 160: 157: 156: 151: 146: 142: 138: 137: 132: 128: 123: 116: 111: 106: 101: 96: 91: 86: 81: 76: 71: 66: 61: 47: 44: 40: 33: 19: 8127: 8082:Insecticides 7999: 7987: 7984:Hans Zinsser 7949:Clothes moth 7899: 7710:In mythology 7643:Fishing bait 7595: 7493:Tarachodidae 7478:Nanomantidae 7453:Liturgusidae 7380:Acanthopidae 7365:Superorder: 7359:Infraclass: 7323: 7278: 7264: 7234:Syntonoptera 7116:Caloneurodea 7108:Blattoptera 7059: 7050: 7045: 7004:Lepidoptera 7002: 6995:Trichoptera 6971: 6953: 6905:Megaloptera 6899:(snakeflies) 6889:Neuropterida 6873: 6858:Coleopterida 6835:Hymenoptera 6833: 6755:Paraneoptera 6753: 6701: 6675:(gladiators) 6624:Phasmatodea 6602:(stoneflies) 6587:Polyneoptera 6530:Odonatoptera 6394:Monocondylia 6359:Pancrustacea 6357:(unranked): 6187:. 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Retrieved 3588:the original 3577: 3544: 3540: 3530: 3497: 3493: 3483: 3450: 3440: 3431: 3428: 3399: 3365: 3358: 3349: 3345: 3339: 3302: 3298: 3287: 3267: 3262: 3250:. Retrieved 3246:the original 3223: 3216: 3206: 3199: 3188: 3178: 3156: 3149: 3129: 3097: 3063: 3056: 3036: 3010:. Retrieved 3000: 2964: 2949: 2933: 2924: 2902: 2894: 2886: 2876: 2853: 2843: 2825:martial arts 2822: 2803:Martial arts 2797:monster film 2787: 2786: 2775: 2767:femme fatale 2765: 2759: 2754: 2751:M. C. Escher 2749: 2744: 2736: 2726: 2716: 2710: 2705: 2701: 2695: 2687: 2677: 2666: 2658: 2652: 2645: 2640: 2636: 2624: 2587: 2581: 2579: 2547: 2544: 2537: 2529: 2522: 2519: 2514: 2488: 2462:M. religiosa 2461: 2440: 2423: 2397: 2388: 2382: 2368: 2365:Tarachodidae 2349: 2319: 2295:Some mantis 2274: 2252: 2230: 2204: 2198: 2192: 2177: 2161: 2099: 2093: 2071: 2066: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2047: 2031: 2000: 1976: 1962:echolocation 1953:Liturgusidae 1942: 1915: 1904: 1873: 1850: 1831: 1805: 1762: 1713: 1695: 1689:Cretophotina 1687: 1679: 1671: 1662: 1618: 1604: 1598:Santanmantis 1596: 1407: 1392: 1370: 1338: 1323: 1292: 1281:Promantidea 1268: 1244: 1193: 1178: 1156: 1134: 1103: 1092:Mantimorpha 1070: 1055: 1024: 968:Nanomantidae 966: 951: 929: 906: 831:Acanthopidae 829: 814: 794:Liturgusidae 792: 770: 748: 725: 693: 669: 645: 621: 588:polyphyletic 568: 542: 526: 521: 499: 478: 470: 462: 450: 438: 408: 403:Stagmomantis 401: 382:femme fatale 380: 354: 330:grasshoppers 304: 299: 274: 266: 265: 230: 211: 198:Superorder: 134: 43: 8281:iNaturalist 8152:Wikispecies 8068:Categories, 8047:Insecticide 7878:Sericulture 7849:Royal jelly 7774:Flea circus 7764:Entomophagy 7698:Cantharidin 7693:Spanish fly 7668:In medicine 7648:Fly fishing 7579:In the arts 7503:Toxoderidae 7483:Rivetinidae 7468:Mantoididae 7420:Gonypetidae 7367:Dictyoptera 7280:Wikispecies 7239:Titanoptera 7171:Lapeyriidae 7166:Hypoperlida 7141:Eoblattodea 7110:(roachoids) 7103:Archodonata 6945:Antliophora 6913:Neuroptera 6875:Coleoptera 6686:Dictyoptera 6656:(Xenonomia) 6632:Orthoptera 6616:Embioptera 6608:Dermaptera 6600:Plecoptera 6500:Palaeoptera 6363:Subphylum: 5798:Funk, Jon. 5713:1 September 5707:(Press Kit) 5687:1 September 4743:(1): 28–33. 4096:16 February 3773:: 147–180. 2895:buru-enmeli 2891:necromancer 2777:Green Porno 2760:A cultural 2753:'s woodcut 2594: [ 2409:exoskeleton 2232:Choeradodis 1934:pseudopupil 1838:Dictyoptera 1723:mantidflies 1697:Ambermantis 1673:Jersimantis 1270:Miomantidae 1195:Toxoderidae 1136:Rivetinidae 1100:Haanioidea 1026:Gonypetidae 816:Photinaidae 722:Thespoidea 671:Mantoididae 634:Eumantodea 527:(Mantises) 512:Dictyoptera 435:Dictyoptera 415:Phasmatodea 411:systematics 375:popular in 342:Mantispidae 326:Phasmatodea 322:Dictyoptera 311:cockroaches 202:Dictyoptera 8414:Categories 8087:Pesticides 7824:Bee pollen 7819:Beekeeping 7801:entomology 7744:Biomimicry 7676:Apitherapy 7636:In fishing 7591:Beetlewing 7572:in culture 7488:Sibyllidae 7458:Majangidae 7353:Subclass: 7343:Arthropoda 7189:Miomoptera 6955:Mecoptera 6783:Hemiptera 6704:(mantises) 6694:Blattodea 6640:Zoraptera 6519:(mayflies) 6458:Zygentoma 6353:Arthropoda 6254:Audio help 6245:2016-04-18 5846:"Chow Gar" 4675:: 862–865. 4644:Cott, Hugh 3615:instabilis 3434:: 101–196. 3352:(2): 3–12. 2993:References 2961:Biomimicry 2940:pesticides 2936:plant pest 2899:soothsayer 2864:") in the 2862:Hottentots 2746:advantage. 2738:dénouement 2613:Metapontum 2574:Edo period 2539:ad libitum 2300:mimic ants 2194:Loxomantis 2059:Ligariella 2038:arthropods 2025:catches a 1958:pheromones 1857:trochanter 1846:ultrasound 1828:metathorax 1824:mesothorax 1709:Neuroptera 1611:Cretaceous 1580:See also: 1360:Mantoidea 1072:Majangidae 1037:Lobipedia 419:Orthoptera 334:Orthoptera 319:superorder 258:Mantoptera 249:Manteodea 217:Burmeister 182:Arthropoda 139:, Romania 8070:templates 8042:Pesticide 7658:Fly tying 7498:Thespidae 7425:Haaniidae 7410:Empusidae 7355:Pterygota 7335:Kingdom: 7161:Heraridea 7151:Geroptera 7056:Based on 6930:Panorpida 6877:(beetles) 6767:Psocodea 6702:Mantodea 6653:Notoptera 6610:(earwigs) 6345:Kingdom: 6158:26 August 6101:0921-8009 5894:9 October 5581:9 October 5448:225959388 5096:: 21–39. 4931:8 January 4765:17 August 4218:643483454 4210:0027-9358 3838:: 18718. 3569:253280592 3561:0891-2963 3522:202789239 3514:2624-2834 3467:2246/2838 3252:28 August 2866:Afrikaans 2621:Byzantine 2609:didrachms 2570:ink brush 2389:Miomantis 2200:Orthodera 2173:spiracles 2034:predators 1926:laterally 1922:ommatidia 1885:sternites 1820:prothorax 1808:mandibles 1716:raptorial 1325:Empusidae 1305:Mantidea 1105:Haaniidae 750:Angelidae 727:Thespidae 611:Mantodea 584:Thespidae 538:Blattodea 502:cladogram 491:Phylogeny 423:Blattodea 338:raptorial 315:Blattodea 291:temperate 255:Mantearia 225:Families 168:Kingdom: 162:Eukaryota 8420:Mantodea 8206:BugGuide 8185:Mantodea 8172:Mantodea 8158:Mantodea 8137:Wikidata 8128:Mantodea 8010:Concerns 7962:Pioneers 7939:Woodworm 7844:Propolis 7799:Economic 7686:Melittin 7681:Apitoxin 7463:Mantidae 7361:Neoptera 7341:Phylum: 7337:Animalia 7326:families 7324:Mantodea 7199:Paoliida 6973:Diptera 6777:(thrips) 6538:Odonata 6365:Hexapoda 6351:Phylum: 6347:Animalia 6284:Mantodea 6272:Mantodea 6256: · 6189:12 April 6109:32112906 6077:Elsevier 5935:"Mantid" 5681:Archived 5675:(2008). 5310:Ethology 5291:85923330 5244:53191218 5209:32185318 5201:16874635 5159:53144893 5075:26887566 4985:53199427 4714:24334741 4646:(1940). 4391:10951932 4307:90832425 4119:: 21–36. 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