446:
3603:
5718:
3596:
1075:
2100:
2925:
1013:
2911:
5170:
4391:
745:
5156:
2904:
833:
546:(tooth sockets) of the front teeth are directed forward. In fact, the alveolus of the first tooth is actually situated lower than the bottom edge of the rest of the lower jaw. The lower part of the rear edge of the dentary has a long prong, known as a ventral process. This differs from the situation in abelisaurids, which have a much shorter ventral process. On the other hand, the upper part of the rear edge of the dentary is very similar to that of abelisaurids such as
5163:
482:
957:
2106:
3610:
137:
2918:
875:
5731:
4409:
794:
663:
4397:
4416:
5725:
519:
5150:
4404:
115:
1143:
600:, and the back of the neck is positioned almost horizontally, giving it only a slighter curve. Like those of other abelisauroids, the vertebrae are heavily pneumaticized, or hollowed, and have relatively short neural spines. Pneumaticity is limited to the neck and foremost back vertebrae, however. Pneumatic cavities are also present in the braincase.
616:. This bone is very large and broad, even compared to the condition in other ceratosaurs. The scapula portion (above the glenoid, or arm socket) tapers towards the back while the coracoid portion (below the glenoid) is expanded into a curved blade-like structure. While abelisaurids have arms that are extremely reduced in size,
501:), and much of the cervical and dorsal vertebral column were described for the first time. The discovery of this new material clarified many aspects of noasaurid anatomy and made the genus among the best known dinosaurs. The new finds did however not allow for a detailed study of its evolutionary relationships among
1131:
However, individuals in this genus grew 40% faster than crocodylians. Lee and O'Connor noted that the evolution of slow growth gave this dinosaur the advantage of minimizing the nutritional investment allocated toward structural growth while living in a semiarid and seasonally stressful environment.
541:
teeth of the lower jaw project forward, with the first tooth angled only 10° above the horizontal. These teeth are long and spoon-shaped with hooked edges. They have carinae, or sharp edges, that are weakly serrated. Serrations are more evident along the rear edge the posterior teeth in the back of
1086:
were likely an adaptation for grasping small prey. They would have been unsuitable for tearing larger food apart. In the front of the jaws, carinae are restricted to the base of the teeth and would not have been used to tear prey. The back teeth, however, share the same general characteristics as
1130:
took 8 to 10 years to grow the size of a large dog. This indicates a rate of growth that is 40% slower than that of comparably sized non-avian theropods, a finding that is supported by the unusual prominence of parallel-fibered bone which is known to be associated with relatively slow growth.
1037:, a robust form and a gracile form. The robust morph includes specimens with thicker bones and more pronounced projections for the attachment of ligaments and muscles. The gracile form includes specimens that are more slender and have less pronounced muscle attachments. It also has unfused
572:(tongue bone) has also been preserved. The front teeth of the upper jaw are also procumbent, and the margin of the premaxilla curves slightly upward to direct them outward. Unlike the skulls of abelisaurids, which are very deep, the skull of
445:
568:. The angular and prearticular formed the lower edge of a large and rounded in the lower jaw (known as a mandibular fenestra) while the articular bone formed the lower part of the jaw joint. A long and tapering
542:
the jaw, which are also recurved and laterally compressed (flattened from the side), resembling the less unusual teeth of other carnivorous dinosaurs. The margin of the dentary curves downward so that the
1512:
Andrew H. Lee & Patrick M. O’Connor (2013) Bone histology confirms determinate growth and small body size in the noasaurid theropod
Masiakasaurus knopfleri. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 33(4):
1514:
389:
projected forward instead of straight down. This unique dentition suggests that they had a specialized diet, perhaps including fish and other small prey. Other bones of the skeleton indicate that
467:
in 2001. Fragmentary bones comprising around 40% of the skeleton were collected near the village of
Berivotra. Several parts of the skull, including the distinctive teeth, were found. The
596:
The neck is relatively narrow in comparison to abelisaurids and bear stout neck ribs. While many theropods have s-shaped necks, the ribs would make the neck rather stiff in
5833:
5887:
1114:
would be a good subject for an analysis of theropod growth, considering that there is an abundance of fossil material to examine from a broad range of
5922:
5820:
560:
bone at the back of the lower jaw. Although the surangular bone is not preserved, several other bones of the lower jaw are, including a triangular
5917:
3602:
5907:
3595:
588:
possesses many general ceratosaurian characteristics. Overall, its morphology is intermediate between abelisaurids and more basal ceratosaurs.
5717:
1562:
654:. It is assumed that members of this genus had four fingers, with the middle two fingers being the longest as in other ceratosaurians.
620:
and other noasaurids had longer forelimbs. The humerus is slender and known bones of the hand are relatively short. The related genus
1286:
2924:
4390:
1534:
5897:
2910:
5155:
1156:
523:
2099:
5927:
2903:
1303:
5169:
2105:
5596:
4408:
3609:
1529:
556:. This part of the bone possesses an array of four small structures, three of which line a socket which connects to the
136:
5912:
5162:
2917:
1349:
Sampson, Carrano, and
Forster, 2001, and implications for the morphology of the Noasauridae (Theropoda: Ceratosauria)"
1074:
5730:
1369:
584:
around the eye are textured with bumpy projections. Not including the highly modified jaws and teeth, the skull of
4415:
1404:
5902:
1650:
4396:
707:
in the family
Noasauridae. They conducted a phylogenetic analysis of abelisauroids using characteristics from
5724:
1555:
1311:
397:
was a small theropod, reaching 1.8–2.1 m (5.9–6.9 ft) long and weighing 20 kg (44 lb).
5750:
1098:
on the basis of its unusual dentition. Because the front teeth would have been well suited for grasping,
5859:
4121:
4033:
675:
294:
1012:
5149:
744:
5807:
5682:
3810:
3778:
1471:
1196:
123:
5892:
4134:
3921:
458:
4403:
1126:
specimens represent the juvenile form of a larger-bodied theropod were not supported by the data.
5788:
5589:
4110:
3970:
3826:
3766:
3201:
3111:
2994:
1858:
1548:
1495:
1416:
1408:
1220:
131:
1056:, a right scapulocoracoid, bears holes that may be puncture marks from predation or scavenging.
5864:
691:, two poorly known genera named in 1933 and 1980, respectively. In the following year, Carrano
5846:
5838:
5471:
5388:
5362:
5201:
5188:
5066:
4624:
4576:
3408:
2758:
1837:
1487:
1282:
1278:
1212:
1042:
832:
382:
352:
5851:
5575:
5332:
5242:
5031:
4963:
4826:
4745:
4717:
4677:
4558:
4528:
4046:
3799:
3663:
3520:
3420:
3269:
3176:
3134:
2701:
2011:
1479:
1442:
1400:
1360:
1270:
1251:
1204:
1148:
1122:
grew determinately, and reached full maturity at a small body size. Competing theories that
956:
581:
481:
463:
374:
5638:
5376:
5339:
5271:
5126:
5119:
4947:
4889:
4862:
4852:
4812:
4647:
4506:
4490:
4308:
4280:
4258:
4145:
3990:
3697:
3471:
3354:
3332:
3253:
3082:
3059:
3052:
3030:
3016:
3009:
2970:
2821:
2668:
2595:
2584:
2520:
2408:
2295:
1872:
1781:
1635:
1610:
1344:
1238:
Grillo, O. N.; Delcourt, R. (2016). "Allometry and body length of abelisauroid theropods:
1041:, unlike the fused tibiae of the robust form. These two varieties may be an indication of
813:
629:
613:
543:
344:
30:
1458:
Rogers, R.R.; Krause, D.W.; Rogers, K.C. (2003). "Cannibalism in the
Madagascan dinosaur
1475:
1391:, a small abelisauroid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar".
1200:
874:
793:
662:
5603:
5566:
5547:
5509:
5498:
5295:
5008:
4974:
4956:
4936:
4833:
4547:
4292:
4154:
3981:
3963:
3791:
3758:
3744:
3705:
3479:
3340:
3297:
3290:
3212:
3188:
3141:
3100:
3037:
3023:
2751:
2736:
2563:
2397:
2261:
2229:
2218:
2195:
2157:
2018:
1988:
1912:
1851:
1750:
726:
678:
565:
5881:
5645:
5491:
5452:
5431:
5310:
5303:
5230:
5024:
4997:
4871:
4788:
4766:
4759:
4752:
4695:
4612:
4475:
4447:
4434:
4358:
4235:
4075:
3909:
3840:
3726:
3713:
3458:
3436:
3429:
3393:
3366:
3318:
3242:
2978:
2769:
2743:
2659:
2640:
2633:
2570:
2549:
2528:
2513:
2499:
2424:
2417:
2336:
2188:
2075:
2068:
1995:
1965:
1954:
1844:
1815:
1808:
1734:
1271:
1224:
1058:
869:
740:
577:
434:
405:
370:
72:
34:
1420:
1184:
5617:
5555:
5525:
5445:
5438:
5416:
5408:
5288:
5280:
5260:
4983:
4902:
4840:
4731:
4702:
4654:
4483:
4468:
4243:
4175:
4103:
4082:
4061:
3877:
3833:
3641:
3628:
3558:
3511:
3386:
3276:
3228:
3221:
3158:
3127:
3120:
3001:
2828:
2680:
2577:
2479:
2472:
2367:
2351:
2287:
2238:
2170:
1947:
1830:
1823:
1794:
1757:
1726:
1499:
1021:
919:
788:
639:
638:. More recently, this has been re-evaluated as a claw of the hand. The penultimate
634:
561:
502:
472:
430:
411:
360:
1255:
518:
1087:
those of most other theropods, suggesting that they served a similar function in
5782:
5671:
5652:
5582:
5532:
5518:
5460:
5401:
5346:
5223:
5017:
4909:
4878:
4795:
4781:
4513:
4461:
4329:
4251:
4214:
4096:
4068:
4021:
3941:
3819:
3676:
3527:
3500:
3400:
3347:
3283:
3262:
3235:
2986:
2799:
2792:
2778:
2604:
2451:
2442:
2344:
2315:
2245:
2210:
2203:
2003:
1981:
1974:
1933:
1925:
1901:
1886:
1865:
1773:
1765:
1115:
905:
771:
757:
715:
from an updated version of their analysis showing the phylogenetic placement of
683:
557:
552:
426:
334:
249:
236:
223:
47:
5610:
5539:
5484:
5105:
4920:
4738:
4724:
4709:
4661:
4595:
4521:
4343:
4336:
4322:
4228:
4161:
4089:
4053:
4006:
3948:
3934:
3901:
3893:
3886:
3867:
3690:
3655:
3443:
3044:
2835:
2785:
2722:
2693:
2648:
2626:
2619:
2611:
2535:
2431:
2390:
2383:
2375:
2359:
2279:
2150:
2026:
1879:
1742:
1601:
1138:
1102:
may have consumed small vertebrates, invertebrates, and possibly even fruits.
827:
569:
534:
494:
348:
194:
92:
57:
5773:
1364:
5631:
5624:
5324:
5317:
4990:
4929:
4583:
4301:
3847:
3751:
3486:
3071:
2956:
2943:
2870:
2806:
2729:
2708:
2465:
2328:
2136:
2123:
2041:
1893:
1712:
1699:
1662:
1571:
936:
712:
417:
207:
148:
97:
41:
1491:
1216:
114:
5799:
650:
and has a similar appearance. The enlarged ungual, however, is unknown in
5767:
5215:
4640:
4633:
4605:
4498:
3998:
3379:
2715:
2542:
2303:
1940:
1619:
1595:
1062:, a large abelisaurid from the Maevarano Formation, may have preyed upon
628:(claw) which was originally interpreted as a sickle-like foot claw as in
498:
340:
337:
181:
168:
87:
82:
67:
62:
52:
1535:"Palaeontologists in dire straits name dinosaur for the Sultan of Swing"
1483:
564:, a gently curving prearticular bone, and a damaged yet notably concave
537:, meaning that they have different shapes along the jaw. The first four
505:. With the new material, around 65% of the skeleton is currently known.
5825:
4773:
4535:
4265:
4168:
3493:
2814:
1412:
609:
538:
468:
102:
77:
1446:
1387:
Carrano, M.T.; Sampson, S.D.; Forster, C.A. (2002). "The osteology of
5424:
5112:
2556:
1589:
1208:
1185:"A bizarre predatory dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar"
625:
533:
is the forward-projecting, or procumbent, front teeth. The teeth are
158:
5744:
642:, the finger bone that immediately precedes the raptorial ungual in
497:, facial bones, ribcage, portions of the hands and pectoral girdle (
403:
lived from 72.1 to 66 million years ago, along with animals such as
373:, whose music inspired the expedition crew. It was named in 2001 by
461:
in northwestern
Madagascar and were first described in the journal
4272:
4013:
3955:
1073:
1038:
1011:
661:
517:
444:
359:
means "vicious"; thus, the genus name means "vicious lizard". The
330:
5812:
16:
Noasaurid theropod dinosaur genus from the Late
Cretaceous period
5688:
4315:
1433:
Rauhut, O.W.M., and
Carrano, M.T. (2016). The theropod dinosaur
5748:
5186:
4432:
3626:
2941:
2121:
1697:
1582:
1544:
1437:
Janensch, 1920, from the Late
Jurassic of Tendaguru, Tanzania.
1540:
1405:
10.1671/0272-4634(2002)022[0510:TOOMKA]2.0.CO;2
1066:. The holes may also have been the result of an infection.
393:
were bipedal, with much shorter forelimbs than hindlimbs.
666:
Skeletal restoration showing remains of several specimens
1049:, but they may also represent two distinct populations.
475:, hindlimbs, and several vertebrae were also collected.
1343:
Carrano, M.T.; Loewen, M.A.; Sertic, J.J.W. (2011).
1183:
Sampson, S.D.; Carrano, M.T.; Forster, C.A. (2001).
5757:
5670:
5565:
5508:
5470:
5387:
5360:
5270:
5240:
5199:
5097:
5065:
5007:
4973:
4946:
4919:
4888:
4861:
4850:
4810:
4675:
4623:
4594:
4556:
4545:
4445:
4357:
4291:
4213:
4144:
4120:
4032:
3980:
3920:
3876:
3865:
3809:
3777:
3724:
3674:
3639:
3557:
3510:
3457:
3419:
3365:
3316:
3252:
3211:
3187:
3156:
3110:
3080:
3069:
2954:
2869:
2768:
2679:
2658:
2594:
2497:
2441:
2407:
2314:
2259:
2228:
2168:
2134:
2060:
2040:
1964:
1911:
1792:
1710:
1661:
1634:
1277:. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. pp.
612:) and shoulder girdle fuse into a single bone, the
1094:Several feeding behaviors have been proposed for
1556:
608:As in other ceratosaurs, the shoulder blade (
8:
385:. Unlike most theropods, the front teeth of
5745:
5476:
5393:
5368:
5252:
5248:
5207:
5196:
5183:
5094:
5062:
4894:
4858:
4818:
4687:
4683:
4568:
4564:
4553:
4453:
4442:
4429:
4220:
4210:
4126:
4038:
3926:
3873:
3783:
3736:
3732:
3682:
3647:
3636:
3623:
3554:
3463:
3371:
3324:
3193:
3168:
3164:
3092:
3088:
3077:
2962:
2951:
2938:
2866:
2685:
2676:
2505:
2320:
2271:
2267:
2180:
2176:
2142:
2131:
2118:
1917:
1800:
1718:
1707:
1694:
1640:
1631:
1579:
1563:
1549:
1541:
113:
20:
1439:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
1353:Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology
1110:In 2013, Lee and O'Connor observed that
480:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1168:
529:The most distinctive characteristic of
457:have been found in the Late Cretaceous
1273:The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs
7:
1304:"Masiakasaurus Gets a Few Touch-Ups"
5888:Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of Africa
911:
848:
819:
809:
763:
733:
722:
1393:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1033:(2002) distinguished two forms of
14:
670:In its initial 2001 description,
624:has a large and curved raptorial
489:In 2011, additional specimens of
5729:
5723:
5716:
5168:
5161:
5154:
5148:
4414:
4407:
4402:
4395:
4389:
3608:
3601:
3594:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2902:
2104:
2098:
1530:The Geological Society of London
1441:, (advance online publication)
1141:
955:
873:
831:
792:
743:
135:
5923:Taxa named by Catherine Forster
1157:Timeline of ceratosaur research
524:Field Museum of Natural History
493:were described. The braincase,
369:, was named after the musician
5918:Taxa named by Scott D. Sampson
1118:stages. The study showed that
1:
5908:Fossil taxa described in 2001
1256:10.1016/j.cretres.2016.09.001
1091:such as cutting and slicing.
1082:The procument front teeth of
1537:. Retrieved 7 October 2005.
5944:
425:was a member of the group
5713:
5479:
5396:
5371:
5255:
5251:
5210:
5195:
5182:
5146:
5093:
5061:
4897:
4821:
4690:
4686:
4571:
4567:
4456:
4441:
4428:
4387:
4223:
4209:
4129:
4041:
3929:
3786:
3739:
3735:
3685:
3650:
3635:
3622:
3591:
3553:
3466:
3374:
3327:
3196:
3171:
3167:
3095:
3091:
2965:
2950:
2937:
2899:
2865:
2688:
2508:
2323:
2274:
2270:
2183:
2179:
2145:
2130:
2117:
2095:
1920:
1803:
1721:
1706:
1693:
1643:
1630:
1578:
1269:Paul, Gregory S. (2010).
950:
933:
916:
909:
866:
853:
846:
824:
817:
807:
785:
768:
761:
738:
731:
300:
293:
132:Scientific classification
130:
121:
112:
23:
1365:10.5479/si.00810266.95.1
122:Reconstructed skeleton,
5898:Dinosaurs of Madagascar
1389:Masiakasaurus knopfleri
1347:Masiakasaurus knopfleri
366:Masiakasaurus knopfleri
307:Masiakasaurus knopfleri
1435:Elaphrosaurus bambergi
1240:Pycnonemosaurus nevesi
1079:
1026:
667:
526:
486:
450:
5928:Fossils of Madagascar
5860:Paleobiology Database
4122:Carcharodontosaurinae
4034:Carcharodontosauridae
1077:
1015:
665:
576:is long and low. The
522:Reconstructed skull,
521:
484:
449:Specimen FMNH PR 2481
448:
5098:Dubious coelurosaurs
3811:Metriacanthosaurinae
3779:Metriacanthosauridae
2061:Dubious neotheropods
1460:Majungatholus atopus
674:was classified as a
383:Catherine A. Forster
124:Royal Ontario Museum
4135:Carcharodontosaurus
3922:Carcharodontosauria
1533:(25 January 2001).
1484:10.1038/nature01532
1476:2003Natur.422..515R
1244:Cretaceous Research
1201:2001Natur.409..504S
646:, is also known in
459:Maevarano Formation
433:found primarily in
333:of small predatory
5913:Maastrichtian life
5590:Archaeornithomimus
4111:Veterupristisaurus
3971:Veterupristisaurus
3827:Metriacanthosaurus
3767:Piatnitzkysauridae
3202:Eustreptospondylus
3112:Piatnitzkysauridae
2995:Chuandongocoelurus
1859:Notatesseraeraptor
1345:"New materials of
1242:is the new king".
1080:
1027:
668:
527:
487:
471:(upper arm bone),
451:
429:, small predatory
126:, Toronto, Canada
5875:
5874:
5847:Open Tree of Life
5751:Taxon identifiers
5742:
5741:
5738:
5737:
5711:
5710:
5707:
5706:
5703:
5702:
5699:
5698:
5666:
5665:
5662:
5661:
5472:Macrocheiriformes
5389:Ornithomimosauria
5363:Maniraptoriformes
5356:
5355:
5202:Maniraptoromorpha
5189:Maniraptoromorpha
5178:
5177:
5144:
5143:
5140:
5139:
5136:
5135:
5089:
5088:
5085:
5084:
5067:Maniraptoromorpha
5057:
5056:
5053:
5052:
5049:
5048:
5045:
5044:
5041:
5040:
4806:
4805:
4671:
4670:
4625:Proceratosauridae
4577:Chingkankousaurus
4424:
4423:
4385:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4377:
4376:
4353:
4352:
4205:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4193:
4192:
4189:
4188:
4185:
4184:
3861:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3618:
3617:
3589:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3549:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3453:
3452:
3409:Vallibonavenatrix
3312:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3152:
3151:
2933:
2932:
2897:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2889:
2888:
2861:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2493:
2492:
2489:
2488:
2255:
2254:
2113:
2112:
2093:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2036:
2035:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1470:(6931): 515–518.
1447:10.1111/zoj.12425
1195:(6819): 504–506.
1043:sexual dimorphism
1004:
1003:
995:
994:
986:
985:
977:
976:
968:
967:
895:
894:
886:
885:
582:postorbital bones
322:
321:
286:M. knopfleri
274:
5935:
5868:
5867:
5855:
5854:
5842:
5841:
5829:
5828:
5816:
5815:
5803:
5802:
5793:
5792:
5791:
5778:
5777:
5776:
5746:
5733:
5727:
5720:
5576:Aepyornithomimus
5477:
5394:
5369:
5333:Sinocalliopteryx
5253:
5249:
5243:Neocoelurosauria
5208:
5197:
5184:
5172:
5165:
5158:
5152:
5095:
5063:
5032:Zhuchengtyrannus
4964:Thanatotheristes
4895:
4859:
4827:Appalachiosaurus
4819:
4688:
4684:
4678:Pantyrannosauria
4569:
4565:
4559:Tyrannosauroidea
4554:
4529:Xinjiangovenator
4454:
4443:
4430:
4418:
4411:
4406:
4399:
4393:
4221:
4211:
4127:
4047:Acrocanthosaurus
4039:
3927:
3874:
3800:Yangchuanosaurus
3784:
3737:
3733:
3683:
3664:Lourinhanosaurus
3648:
3637:
3624:
3612:
3605:
3598:
3555:
3521:Sigilmassasaurus
3464:
3421:Ceratosuchopsini
3372:
3325:
3270:Dubreuillosaurus
3194:
3177:Streptospondylus
3169:
3165:
3135:Piatnitzkysaurus
3093:
3089:
3078:
2963:
2952:
2939:
2927:
2920:
2913:
2906:
2867:
2702:Ekrixinatosaurus
2686:
2677:
2506:
2321:
2272:
2268:
2181:
2177:
2143:
2132:
2119:
2108:
2102:
2012:Procompsognathus
1918:
1801:
1719:
1708:
1695:
1641:
1632:
1625:
1624:
1580:
1565:
1558:
1551:
1542:
1516:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1455:
1449:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1384:
1371:
1368:
1340:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1276:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1235:
1229:
1228:
1209:10.1038/35054046
1180:
1151:
1149:Dinosaurs portal
1146:
1145:
1144:
1052:One specimen of
959:
912:
877:
849:
835:
820:
810:
796:
764:
747:
734:
723:
485:Life Restoration
375:Scott D. Sampson
309:
305:
268:
261:
248:
235:
222:
140:
139:
117:
107:
44:
29:Temporal range:
21:
5943:
5942:
5938:
5937:
5936:
5934:
5933:
5932:
5903:Maevarano fauna
5878:
5877:
5876:
5871:
5863:
5858:
5850:
5845:
5837:
5832:
5824:
5819:
5811:
5806:
5798:
5796:
5787:
5786:
5781:
5772:
5771:
5766:
5753:
5743:
5734:
5721:
5695:
5658:
5639:Sinornithomimus
5561:
5504:
5466:
5383:
5377:Compsognathidae
5365:
5352:
5340:Sinosauropteryx
5272:Compsognathidae
5266:
5245:
5236:
5204:
5191:
5174:
5173:
5159:
5132:
5127:Shanyangosaurus
5120:Phaedrolosaurus
5081:
5037:
5003:
4969:
4948:Daspletosaurini
4942:
4915:
4890:Tyrannosaurinae
4884:
4863:Albertosaurinae
4855:
4853:Tyrannosauridae
4846:
4815:
4813:Eutyrannosauria
4802:
4680:
4667:
4648:Proceratosaurus
4619:
4590:
4561:
4550:
4541:
4507:Richardoestesia
4491:Chilantaisaurus
4450:
4437:
4420:
4419:
4400:
4373:
4349:
4309:Australovenator
4287:
4281:Chilantaisaurus
4259:Phuwiangvenator
4181:
4146:Giganotosaurini
4140:
4116:
4028:
3991:Chilantaisaurus
3976:
3916:
3870:
3853:
3805:
3773:
3729:
3720:
3698:Monolophosaurus
3679:
3670:
3644:
3631:
3614:
3613:
3599:
3573:
3533:
3506:
3472:Camarillasaurus
3449:
3415:
3361:
3355:Ostafrikasaurus
3333:Camarillasaurus
3321:
3304:
3254:Afrovenatorinae
3248:
3207:
3183:
3161:
3148:
3106:
3085:
3083:Megalosauroidea
3074:
3065:
3060:Vectaerovenator
3053:Szechuanosaurus
3031:Monolophosaurus
3017:Kaijiangosaurus
3010:Cryolophosaurus
2971:Calamospondylus
2959:
2946:
2929:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2907:
2885:
2841:
2822:Pycnonemosaurus
2764:
2675:
2669:Majungasaurinae
2654:
2596:Majungasaurinae
2590:
2585:Xenotarsosaurus
2521:Dryptosauroides
2502:
2485:
2437:
2409:Elaphrosaurinae
2403:
2310:
2296:Ornithomimoides
2264:
2251:
2224:
2173:
2164:
2139:
2126:
2109:
2103:
2081:
2056:
2032:
1960:
1907:
1873:Shuangbaisaurus
1797:
1788:
1715:
1702:
1677:
1657:
1651:Avemetatarsalia
1636:Avemetatarsalia
1626:
1611:Avemetatarsalia
1585:
1584:
1574:
1569:
1525:
1520:
1519:
1511:
1507:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1432:
1428:
1386:
1385:
1374:
1342:
1341:
1326:
1316:
1314:
1308:Smithsonian.com
1302:Switek, Brian.
1301:
1300:
1296:
1289:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1182:
1181:
1170:
1165:
1147:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1108:
1072:
1010:
1005:
996:
987:
978:
969:
896:
887:
814:Elaphrosaurinae
660:
614:scapulocoracoid
606:
594:
516:
511:
478:
443:
379:Matthew Carrano
345:Late Cretaceous
318:
311:
303:
302:
289:
267:
259:
246:
233:
220:
134:
108:
106:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
39:
38:
31:Late Cretaceous
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5941:
5939:
5931:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5880:
5879:
5873:
5872:
5870:
5869:
5856:
5843:
5830:
5817:
5804:
5794:
5779:
5763:
5761:
5755:
5754:
5749:
5740:
5739:
5736:
5735:
5715:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5708:
5705:
5704:
5701:
5700:
5697:
5696:
5694:
5693:
5692:
5691:
5685:
5676:
5674:
5668:
5667:
5664:
5663:
5660:
5659:
5657:
5656:
5649:
5642:
5635:
5628:
5621:
5614:
5607:
5604:Dromiceiomimus
5600:
5593:
5586:
5579:
5571:
5569:
5567:Ornithomimidae
5563:
5562:
5560:
5559:
5552:
5548:Paraxenisaurus
5544:
5536:
5529:
5522:
5514:
5512:
5510:Deinocheiridae
5506:
5505:
5503:
5502:
5499:Shenzhousaurus
5495:
5488:
5480:
5474:
5468:
5467:
5465:
5464:
5457:
5449:
5442:
5435:
5428:
5421:
5413:
5405:
5397:
5391:
5385:
5384:
5382:
5381:
5372:
5366:
5361:
5358:
5357:
5354:
5353:
5351:
5350:
5343:
5336:
5329:
5321:
5314:
5307:
5300:
5296:Beipiaognathus
5292:
5285:
5276:
5274:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5264:
5256:
5246:
5241:
5238:
5237:
5235:
5234:
5227:
5220:
5211:
5205:
5200:
5193:
5192:
5187:
5180:
5179:
5176:
5175:
5167:
5153:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5141:
5138:
5137:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5130:
5123:
5116:
5109:
5101:
5099:
5091:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5083:
5082:
5080:
5079:
5078:
5077:
5071:
5069:
5059:
5058:
5055:
5054:
5051:
5050:
5047:
5046:
5043:
5042:
5039:
5038:
5036:
5035:
5028:
5021:
5013:
5011:
5009:Tyrannosaurini
5005:
5004:
5002:
5001:
4994:
4987:
4979:
4977:
4975:Teratophoneini
4971:
4970:
4968:
4967:
4960:
4957:Daspletosaurus
4952:
4950:
4944:
4943:
4941:
4940:
4937:Qianzhousaurus
4933:
4925:
4923:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4913:
4906:
4898:
4892:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4882:
4875:
4867:
4865:
4856:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4844:
4837:
4834:Bistahieversor
4830:
4822:
4816:
4811:
4808:
4807:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4800:
4792:
4785:
4778:
4770:
4763:
4756:
4749:
4742:
4735:
4728:
4721:
4714:
4706:
4699:
4691:
4681:
4676:
4673:
4672:
4669:
4668:
4666:
4665:
4658:
4651:
4644:
4637:
4629:
4627:
4621:
4620:
4618:
4617:
4609:
4601:
4599:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4588:
4580:
4572:
4562:
4557:
4551:
4548:Tyrannoraptora
4546:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4539:
4532:
4525:
4518:
4510:
4503:
4495:
4487:
4480:
4472:
4465:
4457:
4451:
4446:
4439:
4438:
4433:
4426:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4413:
4394:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4382:
4379:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4369:
4363:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4347:
4340:
4333:
4326:
4319:
4312:
4305:
4297:
4295:
4293:Megaraptoridae
4289:
4288:
4286:
4285:
4277:
4269:
4262:
4255:
4248:
4240:
4232:
4224:
4218:
4207:
4206:
4203:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4195:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4187:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4179:
4172:
4165:
4158:
4155:Giganotosaurus
4150:
4148:
4142:
4141:
4139:
4138:
4130:
4124:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4114:
4107:
4100:
4093:
4086:
4079:
4072:
4065:
4058:
4050:
4042:
4036:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4018:
4010:
4003:
3995:
3986:
3984:
3982:Neovenatoridae
3978:
3977:
3975:
3974:
3967:
3964:Ulughbegsaurus
3960:
3952:
3945:
3938:
3930:
3924:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3906:
3898:
3890:
3882:
3880:
3871:
3866:
3863:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3852:
3851:
3844:
3837:
3830:
3823:
3815:
3813:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3803:
3796:
3792:Xuanhanosaurus
3787:
3781:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3771:
3763:
3759:Xuanhanosaurus
3755:
3748:
3745:Asfaltovenator
3740:
3730:
3725:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3710:
3706:Megalosauridae
3702:
3694:
3686:
3680:
3675:
3672:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3660:
3651:
3645:
3640:
3633:
3632:
3627:
3620:
3619:
3616:
3615:
3607:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3583:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3570:
3569:
3563:
3561:
3551:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3532:
3531:
3524:
3516:
3514:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3497:
3490:
3483:
3480:Ichthyovenator
3476:
3467:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3440:
3433:
3425:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3405:
3397:
3390:
3383:
3375:
3369:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3351:
3344:
3341:Cristatusaurus
3337:
3328:
3322:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3298:Poekilopleuron
3294:
3291:Piveteausaurus
3287:
3280:
3273:
3266:
3258:
3256:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3217:
3215:
3213:Megalosaurinae
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3197:
3191:
3189:Megalosauridae
3185:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3172:
3162:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3142:Xuanhanosaurus
3138:
3131:
3124:
3116:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3101:Yunyangosaurus
3096:
3086:
3081:
3075:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3056:
3049:
3041:
3038:Pandoravenator
3034:
3027:
3024:Kayentavenator
3020:
3013:
3006:
2998:
2991:
2983:
2975:
2966:
2960:
2955:
2948:
2947:
2942:
2935:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2922:
2915:
2908:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2881:
2875:
2873:
2863:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2832:
2825:
2818:
2811:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2782:
2774:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2762:
2755:
2752:Skorpiovenator
2748:
2740:
2733:
2726:
2719:
2712:
2705:
2698:
2689:
2683:
2674:
2673:
2664:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2645:
2637:
2630:
2623:
2616:
2608:
2600:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2567:
2564:Spectrovenator
2560:
2553:
2546:
2539:
2532:
2525:
2517:
2509:
2503:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2476:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2447:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2435:
2428:
2421:
2413:
2411:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2398:Spinostropheus
2394:
2387:
2380:
2372:
2364:
2356:
2348:
2341:
2333:
2324:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2309:
2308:
2300:
2292:
2284:
2275:
2265:
2262:Abelisauroidea
2260:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2250:
2249:
2242:
2234:
2232:
2230:Ceratosauridae
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2219:Saltriovenator
2215:
2207:
2200:
2196:Fosterovenator
2192:
2184:
2174:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2158:Lophostropheus
2154:
2146:
2140:
2135:
2128:
2127:
2122:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2087:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2072:
2064:
2062:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2046:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2023:
2019:Pterospondylus
2015:
2008:
2000:
1992:
1989:Lucianovenator
1985:
1978:
1970:
1968:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1951:
1944:
1937:
1930:
1921:
1915:
1913:Coelophysoidea
1909:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1898:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1869:
1862:
1855:
1852:Lophostropheus
1848:
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1827:
1820:
1812:
1804:
1798:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1787:
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1754:
1751:Erythrovenator
1747:
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1523:External links
1521:
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1505:
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1426:
1399:(3): 510–534.
1372:
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753:
750:
749:
737:
732:
730:
727:Abelisauroidea
721:
695:(2002) placed
659:
658:Classification
656:
630:dromaeosaurids
605:
602:
593:
590:
566:articular bone
515:
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510:
507:
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439:
320:
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28:
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5940:
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5883:
5866:
5861:
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5853:
5848:
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5840:
5835:
5831:
5827:
5822:
5818:
5814:
5809:
5805:
5801:
5795:
5790:
5789:Masiakasaurus
5784:
5780:
5775:
5769:
5765:
5764:
5762:
5760:
5759:Masiakasaurus
5756:
5752:
5747:
5732:
5728:
5726:
5719:
5690:
5686:
5684:
5680:
5679:
5678:
5677:
5675:
5673:
5669:
5655:
5654:
5650:
5648:
5647:
5646:Struthiomimus
5643:
5641:
5640:
5636:
5634:
5633:
5629:
5627:
5626:
5622:
5620:
5619:
5615:
5613:
5612:
5608:
5606:
5605:
5601:
5599:
5598:
5597:"Coelosaurus"
5594:
5592:
5591:
5587:
5585:
5584:
5580:
5578:
5577:
5573:
5572:
5570:
5568:
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5523:
5521:
5520:
5516:
5515:
5513:
5511:
5507:
5501:
5500:
5496:
5494:
5493:
5492:Pelecanimimus
5489:
5487:
5486:
5482:
5481:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5469:
5463:
5462:
5458:
5455:
5454:
5453:Thecocoelurus
5450:
5448:
5447:
5443:
5441:
5440:
5436:
5434:
5433:
5432:Kinnareemimus
5429:
5427:
5426:
5422:
5419:
5418:
5414:
5411:
5410:
5406:
5404:
5403:
5399:
5398:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5386:
5379:
5378:
5374:
5373:
5370:
5367:
5364:
5359:
5349:
5348:
5344:
5342:
5341:
5337:
5335:
5334:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5322:
5320:
5319:
5315:
5313:
5312:
5311:Huaxiagnathus
5308:
5306:
5305:
5304:Compsognathus
5301:
5298:
5297:
5293:
5291:
5290:
5286:
5283:
5282:
5278:
5277:
5275:
5273:
5269:
5263:
5262:
5258:
5257:
5254:
5250:
5247:
5244:
5239:
5233:
5232:
5231:Ornitholestes
5228:
5226:
5225:
5221:
5218:
5217:
5213:
5212:
5209:
5206:
5203:
5198:
5194:
5190:
5185:
5181:
5171:
5166:
5164:
5157:
5151:
5129:
5128:
5124:
5122:
5121:
5117:
5115:
5114:
5110:
5108:
5107:
5103:
5102:
5100:
5096:
5092:
5075:
5074:
5073:
5072:
5070:
5068:
5064:
5060:
5034:
5033:
5029:
5027:
5026:
5025:Tyrannosaurus
5022:
5020:
5019:
5015:
5014:
5012:
5010:
5006:
5000:
4999:
4998:Teratophoneus
4995:
4993:
4992:
4988:
4986:
4985:
4981:
4980:
4978:
4976:
4972:
4966:
4965:
4961:
4959:
4958:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4949:
4945:
4939:
4938:
4934:
4932:
4931:
4927:
4926:
4924:
4922:
4918:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4905:
4904:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4887:
4881:
4880:
4876:
4874:
4873:
4872:Albertosaurus
4869:
4868:
4866:
4864:
4860:
4857:
4854:
4849:
4843:
4842:
4838:
4836:
4835:
4831:
4829:
4828:
4824:
4823:
4820:
4817:
4814:
4809:
4798:
4797:
4793:
4791:
4790:
4789:Xiongguanlong
4786:
4784:
4783:
4779:
4776:
4775:
4771:
4769:
4768:
4767:Suskityrannus
4764:
4762:
4761:
4760:Stokesosaurus
4757:
4755:
4754:
4753:Santanaraptor
4750:
4748:
4747:
4743:
4741:
4740:
4736:
4734:
4733:
4729:
4727:
4726:
4722:
4720:
4719:
4715:
4712:
4711:
4707:
4705:
4704:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4696:Alectrosaurus
4693:
4692:
4689:
4685:
4682:
4679:
4674:
4664:
4663:
4659:
4657:
4656:
4652:
4650:
4649:
4645:
4643:
4642:
4638:
4636:
4635:
4631:
4630:
4628:
4626:
4622:
4615:
4614:
4613:Tanycolagreus
4610:
4608:
4607:
4603:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4593:
4586:
4585:
4581:
4579:
4578:
4574:
4573:
4570:
4566:
4563:
4560:
4555:
4552:
4549:
4544:
4538:
4537:
4533:
4531:
4530:
4526:
4524:
4523:
4519:
4516:
4515:
4511:
4509:
4508:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4488:
4486:
4485:
4481:
4478:
4477:
4476:Bahariasaurus
4473:
4471:
4470:
4466:
4464:
4463:
4459:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4449:
4448:Coelurosauria
4444:
4440:
4436:
4435:Coelurosauria
4431:
4427:
4417:
4412:
4410:
4405:
4398:
4392:
4367:
4366:
4365:
4364:
4362:
4360:
4359:Coelurosauria
4356:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4339:
4338:
4334:
4332:
4331:
4327:
4325:
4324:
4320:
4318:
4317:
4313:
4311:
4310:
4306:
4304:
4303:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4294:
4290:
4284:
4282:
4278:
4276:
4274:
4270:
4268:
4267:
4263:
4261:
4260:
4256:
4254:
4253:
4249:
4246:
4245:
4241:
4238:
4237:
4236:Bahariasaurus
4233:
4231:
4230:
4226:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4178:
4177:
4173:
4171:
4170:
4166:
4164:
4163:
4159:
4157:
4156:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4147:
4143:
4137:
4136:
4132:
4131:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4119:
4113:
4112:
4108:
4106:
4105:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4094:
4092:
4091:
4087:
4085:
4084:
4080:
4078:
4077:
4076:Kelmayisaurus
4073:
4071:
4070:
4066:
4064:
4063:
4059:
4056:
4055:
4051:
4049:
4048:
4044:
4043:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4024:
4023:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4011:
4009:
4008:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3983:
3979:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3953:
3951:
3950:
3946:
3944:
3943:
3939:
3937:
3936:
3932:
3931:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3919:
3912:
3911:
3910:Saurophaganax
3907:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3891:
3889:
3888:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3879:
3875:
3872:
3869:
3864:
3850:
3849:
3845:
3843:
3842:
3841:Siamotyrannus
3838:
3836:
3835:
3831:
3829:
3828:
3824:
3822:
3821:
3817:
3816:
3814:
3812:
3808:
3802:
3801:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3788:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3776:
3769:
3768:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3756:
3754:
3753:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3742:
3741:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3728:
3727:Allosauroidea
3723:
3716:
3715:
3714:Spinosauridae
3711:
3708:
3707:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3695:
3693:
3692:
3688:
3687:
3684:
3681:
3678:
3673:
3666:
3665:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3653:
3652:
3649:
3646:
3643:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3625:
3621:
3611:
3606:
3604:
3597:
3567:
3566:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3560:
3556:
3552:
3530:
3529:
3525:
3523:
3522:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3513:
3509:
3503:
3502:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3469:
3468:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3459:Spinosaurinae
3456:
3446:
3445:
3441:
3439:
3438:
3437:Riparovenator
3434:
3432:
3431:
3430:Ceratosuchops
3427:
3426:
3424:
3422:
3418:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3398:
3396:
3395:
3394:Riojavenatrix
3391:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3377:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3367:Baryonychinae
3364:
3357:
3356:
3352:
3350:
3349:
3345:
3343:
3342:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3330:
3329:
3326:
3323:
3320:
3319:Spinosauridae
3315:
3300:
3299:
3295:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3281:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3251:
3245:
3244:
3243:Wiehenvenator
3240:
3238:
3237:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3204:
3203:
3199:
3198:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3186:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3173:
3170:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3155:
3144:
3143:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3097:
3094:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3068:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3007:
3004:
3003:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2979:Chienkosaurus
2976:
2973:
2972:
2968:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2940:
2936:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2905:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2838:
2837:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2771:
2770:Furileusauria
2767:
2761:
2760:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2744:Rahiolisaurus
2741:
2739:
2738:
2734:
2732:
2731:
2727:
2725:
2724:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2660:Carnotaurinae
2657:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2641:Rahiolisaurus
2638:
2636:
2635:
2634:Majungasaurus
2631:
2629:
2628:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2573:
2572:
2571:Tarascosaurus
2568:
2566:
2565:
2561:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2529:Eoabelisaurus
2526:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2514:Chenanisaurus
2511:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2500:Abelisauridae
2496:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2459:Masiakasaurus
2456:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2427:
2426:
2425:Huinculsaurus
2422:
2420:
2419:
2418:Elaphrosaurus
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2349:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2339:
2338:
2337:Austrocheirus
2334:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2325:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2313:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2269:
2266:
2263:
2258:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2189:Berberosaurus
2186:
2185:
2182:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2167:
2160:
2159:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2107:
2101:
2078:
2077:
2076:Halticosaurus
2073:
2071:
2070:
2069:Teinurosaurus
2066:
2065:
2063:
2059:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2047:
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2029:
2028:
2024:
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2020:
2016:
2014:
2013:
2009:
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2005:
2001:
1998:
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1996:Megapnosaurus
1993:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1966:Coelophysidae
1963:
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1956:
1955:Powellvenator
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1845:Liliensternus
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1826:
1825:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1816:Dolichosuchus
1813:
1811:
1810:
1809:Dilophosaurus
1806:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1791:
1784:
1783:
1782:Herrerasauria
1779:
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1775:
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1760:
1759:
1755:
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1736:
1735:Daemonosaurus
1732:
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1162:
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1150:
1139:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1128:Masiakasaurus
1125:
1124:Masiakasaurus
1121:
1120:Masiakasaurus
1117:
1113:
1112:Masiakasaurus
1105:
1103:
1101:
1100:Masiakasaurus
1097:
1096:Masiakasaurus
1092:
1090:
1089:Masiakasaurus
1085:
1084:Masiakasaurus
1078:Skull diagram
1076:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1064:Masiakasaurus
1061:
1060:
1059:Majungasaurus
1055:
1054:Masiakasaurus
1050:
1048:
1047:Masiakasaurus
1044:
1040:
1036:
1035:Masiakasaurus
1032:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1017:Masiakasaurus
1014:
1007:
1000:
999:
991:
990:
982:
981:
973:
972:
964:
963:
960:
958:
954:
953:Masiakasaurus
948:
947:
944:
943:
940:
939:
938:
931:
930:
927:
926:
923:
922:
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907:
904:
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899:
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890:
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876:
872:
871:
870:Elaphrosaurus
864:
863:
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850:
844:
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839:
836:
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748:
746:
742:
741:Abelisauridae
736:
735:
728:
725:
724:
720:
718:
717:Masiakasaurus
714:
711:. Below is a
710:
709:Masiakasaurus
706:
702:
698:
697:Masiakasaurus
694:
690:
686:
685:
680:
677:
673:
672:Masiakasaurus
664:
657:
655:
653:
652:Masiakasaurus
649:
648:Masiakasaurus
645:
641:
637:
636:
631:
627:
623:
619:
618:Masiakasaurus
615:
611:
603:
601:
599:
598:Masiakasaurus
591:
589:
587:
586:Masiakasaurus
583:
579:
575:
574:Masiakasaurus
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
554:
549:
548:Majungasaurus
545:
540:
536:
532:
531:Masiakasaurus
525:
520:
513:
508:
506:
504:
500:
496:
492:
491:Masiakasaurus
483:
479:
476:
474:
470:
466:
465:
460:
456:
455:Masiakasaurus
447:
440:
438:
436:
435:South America
432:
428:
424:
423:Masiakasaurus
420:
419:
414:
413:
408:
407:
406:Majungasaurus
402:
401:Masiakasaurus
398:
396:
392:
391:Masiakasaurus
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
371:Mark Knopfler
368:
367:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
339:
336:
332:
328:
327:
326:Masiakasaurus
316:
310:
308:
299:
296:
295:Binomial name
292:
288:
287:
281:
278:
277:
272:
266:
265:
264:Masiakasaurus
258:
255:
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74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
43:
40:72.1–66
36:
35:Maastrichtian
32:
26:
25:Masiakasaurus
22:
19:
5758:
5722:
5651:
5644:
5637:
5630:
5623:
5618:Ornithomimus
5616:
5609:
5602:
5595:
5588:
5581:
5574:
5556:Tyrannomimus
5554:
5546:
5538:
5531:
5526:Deinocheirus
5524:
5517:
5497:
5490:
5483:
5459:
5451:
5446:Nqwebasaurus
5444:
5439:Nedcolbertia
5437:
5430:
5423:
5417:Calamosaurus
5415:
5409:Aviatyrannis
5407:
5400:
5375:
5345:
5338:
5331:
5323:
5316:
5309:
5302:
5294:
5289:Aristosuchus
5287:
5281:Aniksosaurus
5279:
5261:Aniksosaurus
5259:
5229:
5222:
5214:
5160:
5125:
5118:
5111:
5104:
5030:
5023:
5016:
4996:
4989:
4984:Dynamoterror
4982:
4962:
4955:
4935:
4928:
4908:
4903:Asiatyrannus
4901:
4877:
4870:
4841:Dryptosaurus
4839:
4832:
4825:
4794:
4787:
4780:
4772:
4765:
4758:
4751:
4744:
4737:
4732:Jinbeisaurus
4730:
4723:
4716:
4708:
4703:Aviatyrannis
4701:
4694:
4660:
4655:Sinotyrannus
4653:
4646:
4639:
4632:
4611:
4604:
4582:
4575:
4534:
4527:
4520:
4512:
4505:
4497:
4489:
4484:Bicentenaria
4482:
4474:
4469:Asiamericana
4467:
4460:
4401:
4342:
4335:
4328:
4321:
4314:
4307:
4300:
4279:
4271:
4264:
4257:
4250:
4244:Deltadromeus
4242:
4234:
4227:
4176:Tyrannotitan
4174:
4167:
4160:
4153:
4133:
4109:
4104:Taurovenator
4102:
4095:
4088:
4083:Lajasvenator
4081:
4074:
4067:
4062:Concavenator
4060:
4052:
4045:
4020:
4012:
4005:
3997:
3989:
3969:
3962:
3954:
3947:
3940:
3933:
3908:
3900:
3892:
3885:
3878:Allosauridae
3846:
3839:
3834:Shidaisaurus
3832:
3825:
3818:
3798:
3790:
3765:
3757:
3750:
3743:
3712:
3704:
3696:
3689:
3662:
3654:
3642:Avetheropoda
3629:Avetheropoda
3600:
3559:Avetheropoda
3526:
3519:
3512:Spinosaurini
3499:
3492:
3485:
3478:
3470:
3442:
3435:
3428:
3407:
3399:
3392:
3387:Protathlitis
3385:
3378:
3353:
3346:
3339:
3331:
3296:
3289:
3282:
3277:Leshansaurus
3275:
3268:
3261:
3241:
3234:
3229:Megalosaurus
3227:
3222:Duriavenator
3220:
3200:
3175:
3159:Megalosauria
3140:
3133:
3128:Marshosaurus
3126:
3121:Condorraptor
3119:
3099:
3058:
3051:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3008:
3002:Cruxicheiros
3000:
2993:
2985:
2977:
2969:
2834:
2829:Quilmesaurus
2827:
2820:
2813:
2805:
2798:
2791:
2784:
2777:
2757:
2750:
2742:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2714:
2707:
2700:
2692:
2681:Brachyrostra
2667:
2647:
2639:
2632:
2625:
2618:
2610:
2603:
2583:
2578:Tralkasaurus
2576:
2569:
2562:
2555:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2527:
2519:
2512:
2480:Vespersaurus
2478:
2473:Velocisaurus
2471:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2450:
2430:
2423:
2416:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2374:
2368:Deltadromeus
2366:
2358:
2352:Compsosuchus
2350:
2343:
2335:
2327:
2302:
2294:
2288:Lametasaurus
2286:
2278:
2244:
2239:Ceratosaurus
2237:
2217:
2209:
2202:
2194:
2187:
2171:Ceratosauria
2156:
2149:
2074:
2067:
2025:
2017:
2010:
2002:
1994:
1987:
1980:
1973:
1953:
1948:Podokesaurus
1946:
1939:
1932:
1924:
1900:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1857:
1850:
1843:
1836:
1831:Gojirasaurus
1829:
1824:Dracovenator
1822:
1814:
1807:
1795:Neotheropoda
1780:
1772:
1764:
1758:Guaibasaurus
1756:
1749:
1741:
1733:
1727:Chindesaurus
1725:
1615:
1606:
1528:
1508:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1453:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1359:(95): 53pp.
1356:
1352:
1346:
1315:. Retrieved
1307:
1297:
1272:
1264:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1233:
1192:
1188:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1111:
1109:
1099:
1095:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1081:
1063:
1057:
1053:
1051:
1046:
1034:
1030:
1028:
1022:Rapetosaurus
1020:
1019:scavenges a
1016:
1008:Paleobiology
952:
951:
935:
934:
920:Velocisaurus
918:
917:
868:
867:
854:
826:
825:
789:Deltadromeus
787:
786:
770:
769:
739:
716:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
682:
679:abelisauroid
671:
669:
651:
647:
643:
635:Velociraptor
633:
621:
617:
607:
597:
595:
585:
573:
562:angular bone
551:
547:
530:
528:
490:
488:
477:
462:
454:
452:
422:
416:
412:Rapetosaurus
410:
404:
400:
399:
395:M. knopfleri
394:
390:
387:M. knopfleri
386:
378:
365:
364:
361:type species
356:
325:
324:
323:
314:
306:
301:
285:
284:
270:
263:
262:
214:
201:
188:
175:
24:
18:
5783:Wikispecies
5683:Maniraptora
5672:Maniraptora
5653:Tototlmimus
5583:Anserimimus
5533:Garudimimus
5519:Beishanlong
5461:Valdoraptor
5402:Arkansaurus
5347:Xunmenglong
5224:Juravenator
5018:Tarbosaurus
4910:Nanuqsaurus
4879:Gorgosaurus
4796:Megaraptora
4782:Timurlengia
4514:Sciurumimus
4462:Aratasaurus
4330:Murusraptor
4252:Fukuiraptor
4215:Megaraptora
4097:Shaochilong
4069:Eocarcharia
4022:Megaraptora
3942:Lusovenator
3820:Alpkarakush
3677:Carnosauria
3528:Spinosaurus
3501:Siamosaurus
3401:Suchosaurus
3348:Iberospinus
3284:Magnosaurus
3263:Afrovenator
3236:Torvosaurus
2987:Chilesaurus
2800:Carnotaurus
2793:Caletodraco
2779:Abelisaurus
2605:Arcovenator
2452:Laevisuchus
2443:Noasaurinae
2345:Berthasaura
2316:Noasauridae
2246:Genyodectes
2211:Lukousaurus
2204:Jubbulpuria
2004:Panguraptor
1982:Coelophysis
1975:Camposaurus
1934:Panguraptor
1926:Dracoraptor
1902:Zupaysaurus
1887:Tachiraptor
1866:Sarcosaurus
1766:Nhandumirim
1312:Smithsonian
1116:ontogenetic
906:Noasaurinae
772:Laevisuchus
758:Noasauridae
701:Laevisuchus
699:along with
684:Laevisuchus
681:related to
553:Carnotaurus
509:Description
503:ceratosaurs
453:Remains of
431:ceratosaurs
427:Noasauridae
250:Noasaurinae
243:Subfamily:
237:Noasauridae
224:Abelisauria
5893:Noasaurids
5882:Categories
5611:Gallimimus
5540:Harpymimus
5485:Harpymimus
5106:Iliosuchus
5076:see below↓
4921:Alioramini
4739:Juratyrant
4725:Eotyrannus
4710:Bagaraatan
4662:Yutyrannus
4596:Coeluridae
4522:Vayuraptor
4368:see below↓
4344:Tratayenia
4337:Orkoraptor
4323:Megaraptor
4229:Aoniraptor
4162:Mapusaurus
4090:Sauroniops
4054:Altispinax
4007:Neovenator
3949:Siamraptor
3935:Datanglong
3902:Epanterias
3894:Antrodemus
3887:Allosaurus
3868:Allosauria
3691:Altispinax
3656:Gasosaurus
3568:see below↓
3444:Suchomimus
3045:Sinosaurus
2880:see below↓
2836:Viavenator
2786:Aucasaurus
2723:Ilokelesia
2694:Dahalokely
2649:Rajasaurus
2627:Indosaurus
2620:Genusaurus
2612:Dahalokely
2536:Indosuchus
2432:Limusaurus
2391:Ligabueino
2384:Kiyacursor
2376:Genusaurus
2360:Dahalokely
2280:Betasuchus
2151:Dornraptor
2051:see below↓
2027:Segisaurus
1880:Sinosaurus
1743:Eodromaeus
1672:see below↓
1620:Dinosauria
1602:Sauropsida
1163:References
855:CCG 20011
828:Limusaurus
558:surangular
535:heterodont
495:premaxilla
349:Madagascar
195:Saurischia
182:Dinosauria
5687:includes
5632:Rativates
5625:Qiupalong
5325:Scipionyx
5318:Mirischia
4991:Lythronax
4930:Alioramus
4584:Labocania
4302:Aerosteon
3848:Sinraptor
3752:Erectopus
3487:Irritator
3072:Orionides
2957:Tetanurae
2944:Tetanurae
2871:Tetanurae
2807:Elemgasem
2730:Llukalkan
2709:Elemgasem
2466:Noasaurus
2329:Afromimus
2137:Averostra
2124:Averostra
2042:Averostra
1894:Velocipes
1713:Theropoda
1700:Theropoda
1663:Theropoda
1588:Kingdom:
1572:Theropoda
1250:: 71–89.
1225:205013285
937:Noasaurus
713:cladogram
705:Noasaurus
689:Noasaurus
644:Noasaurus
622:Noasaurus
604:Forelimbs
592:Vertebrae
418:Rahonavis
343:from the
341:dinosaurs
335:noasaurid
279:Species:
208:Theropoda
155:Kingdom:
149:Eukaryota
5813:47459245
5797:BioLib:
5768:Wikidata
5216:Coelurus
4641:Kileskus
4634:Guanlong
4606:Coelurus
4499:Gualicho
3999:Gualicho
3380:Baryonyx
2716:Guemesia
2543:Kryptops
2304:Ozraptor
1941:Pendraig
1596:Chordata
1594:Phylum:
1590:Animalia
1513:865-876.
1492:12673249
1421:85655323
1217:11206544
1135:See also
1029:Carrano
632:such as
578:lacrimal
499:coracoid
353:Malagasy
338:theropod
313:Sampson
269:Sampson
230:Family:
169:Chordata
165:Phylum:
159:Animalia
145:Domain:
5852:4126253
5839:1139424
5826:4822690
5774:Q131197
4774:Timimus
4536:Zuolong
4266:Rapator
4169:Meraxes
3494:Oxalaia
2815:Koleken
1838:Lepidus
1600:Class:
1500:4389583
1472:Bibcode
1413:4524247
1317:21 July
1197:Bibcode
729:
640:phalanx
610:scapula
544:alveoli
539:dentary
469:humerus
441:History
357:masiaka
304:†
283:†
256:Genus:
5800:221297
5425:Hexing
5113:Kakuru
4718:Dilong
2759:Thanos
2737:Niebla
2557:Rugops
2550:Kurupi
1498:
1490:
1464:Nature
1419:
1411:
1285:
1223:
1215:
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