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Western media was brought to the country during
Italian and British colonialism. The media in Eritrea played a role in its war against Ethiopia. Independent Eritrea has one of the harshest media regimes, with private and foreign ownership being banned since the early 2000s. As of 2018, the government
292:
In 1996, the
Eritrean government passed a law banning private broadcast media and requiring licenses for journalists and newspapers. The law barred the reprinting of works from banned publications, outlawed foreign ownership of media, and required all publications to be submitted to the government
332:. Official reasons for the ban included national security, and failure to comply with media laws and regulations. 2001 also saw an unknown number of journalists being detained, some who are still thought to be imprisoned. Even before the arrests, journalists were facing
457:, is available globally through satellite while Eri-TV2 is only available in Eritrea; both are operated by the Ministry of Information from Asmara. Eri-TV has fully featured programming in four languages: Arabic,
400:
There are three radio stations in
Eritrea. Radio Bana is an educational radio broadcast in five languages. Radio Zara is available only in Tigrinya, while Dimtsi Hafash is available in nine languages:
747:...on 18th September 2001, the Eritrean government banned the entire private press comprising of the following newspapers -: Meqaleh, Setit, Tiganay, Zemen, Wintana, Admas, Keste Debena and Mana.
885:
801:
Prior to the closure of the independent press, a number of journalists were sent to the mandatory national service in what appeared to be an attempt to silence them.
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223:
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Eri-TV is available within
Eritrea and abroad via satellite dish 24 hours a day. Many of the television owners in Eritrea use satellite dishes.
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Italian and
British colonialism brought western journalism to the region. It then fell into the hands of the Ethiopian rulers. During
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There are two television stations in the country, with a third having been announced in 2006. Eri-TV1, more commonly known as
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have consistently labelled the media in
Eritrea as "not free", ranking it as the lowest or one of the lowest countries in
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Online media of the
Eritrean diaspora play a major role in Eritrean politics according to researcher Victoria Bernal.
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controlled four newspapers, one television channel and two radio stations. International organizations such as
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for approval prior to publication. In 2001, in an effort to quell burgeoning dissent about the future of the
627:
297:, the government closed down eight independent newspapers and arrested an undisclosed number of journalists.
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Onwards from 18 September 2001, the government banned all private media. The newspapers affected included
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760:"Eritrea: A dictatorship in which the media have no rights | Reporters without borders"
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285:), first broadcast in early 1979 from Fah and Sahel, played a revolutionary role.
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40:
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461:, Tigre, Tigrinya; as well as some programming in other languages including
848:"Civil Society and Cyberspace: Reflections on Dehai, Asmarino, and Awate"
732:"Article 19 v. Eritrea, Decision, Comm. 275/2003 (ACmHPR, May. 30, 2007)"
497:
237:
914:
Historical Guide to World Media
Freedom: A Country-by-Country Analysis
454:
952:
841:
839:
837:
835:
505:
445:
is a Paris-based radio station that broadcasts news in
Eritrea.
956:
602:"Understanding Eritrea's Exceptionally Limited Internet Access"
439:
Dimtsi Hafash and Radio Zara are available via satellite dish.
935:
The SAGE International
Encyclopedia of Mass Media and Society
759:
372:, twice weekly (Wednesday & Saturday) (English language)
911:
Whitten-Woodring, Jenifer; Belle, Douglas A. Van (2014).
573:
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568:
340:
explained as an attempt to clamp down on the media.
1296:
1271:
990:
814:"Ministry of Information Graduates 22 EDF Members"
628:"Role of Eritrean Mass Media in Nation Building"
501:, created in 1997, tending to be anti-government
493:, created in 1992, tending to be pro-government
236:There are no current independent mass media in
968:
217:
8:
240:. All media outlets in Eritrea are from the
975:
961:
953:
260:. Access to the internet is very limited.
224:
210:
17:
653:"Dimsti Hafash, the Radio of the People"
295:People's Front for Democracy and Justice
626:Weldemichael, Simon (13 January 2018).
587:
561:
130:
96:
89:
82:
75:
68:
61:
54:
47:
29:
348:There are two daily print newspapers:
632:Eritrean Center for Strategic Studies
378:, weekly (Wednesday) (Tigre language)
7:
726:
724:
703:"Attacks on the Press 2001: Eritrea"
697:
695:
279:
888:from the original on 21 March 2021
289:continues to broadcast till date.
14:
785:"Escalating Crackdown in Eritrea"
569:Whitten-Woodring & Belle 2019
365:There are also two other papers:
1283:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
1053:Democratic Republic of the Congo
707:Committee to Protect Journalists
524:
283: Voice of the Broad Masses
191:
39:
1392:Mass media in Africa by country
932:Merskin, Debra L., ed. (2019).
657:Eritrea Ministry Of Information
513:, tending to be anti-government
270:Eritrea's independence movement
1:
600:Katlic, Tim (1 August 2014).
866:10.2979/africatoday.60.2.21
388:Nay Eretra Sämunawi Gazét'a
1408:
820:. Shabait.com. 13 May 2006
846:Bernal, Victoria (2013).
550:Yirgalem Fisseha Mebrahtu
540:Communications in Eritrea
250:Reporters Without Borders
1038:Central African Republic
509:, created following the
244:, a government source.
545:Human rights in Eritrea
242:Ministry of Information
679:"Freedom of the Press"
511:Eritrean–Ethiopian War
272:, media such as radio
1387:Mass media by country
1382:Mass media in Eritrea
1198:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
1058:Republic of the Congo
938:. SAGE Publications.
480:Diaspora online media
382:A defunct newspaper:
258:press freedom indices
148:World Heritage Sites
1273:States with limited
791:. 20 September 2001
736:www.worldcourts.com
361:(Tigrinya language)
789:Human Rights Watch
198:Eritrea portal
32:Culture of Eritrea
1369:
1368:
1300:other territories
1073:Equatorial Guinea
945:978-1-4833-7554-0
924:978-1-4522-3421-2
355:(Arabic language)
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1360:(United Kingdom)
1356:Tristan da Cunha
1352:Ascension Island
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1298:Dependencies and
991:Sovereign states
984:Media of Africa
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659:. 2 January 2019
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709:. 26 March 2002
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178:National anthem
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1348:Saint Helena
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1223:South Africa
1213:Sierra Leone
1018:Burkina Faso
934:
917:. CQ Press.
913:
905:Bibliography
890:. Retrieved
857:
853:Africa Today
851:
822:. Retrieved
817:
808:
800:
793:. Retrieved
788:
779:
767:. Retrieved
763:
754:
746:
739:. Retrieved
735:
711:. Retrieved
706:
682:. Retrieved
673:
661:. Retrieved
656:
647:
635:. Retrieved
631:
621:
609:. Retrieved
605:
595:
588:Merskin 2019
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334:conscription
329:
326:Keste Debena
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
299:
291:
287:Dmtsi Hafash
286:
275:Dmtsi Hafash
273:
267:
246:
235:
173:Coat of arms
15:
1275:recognition
1228:South Sudan
1118:Ivory Coast
684:4 September
443:Radio Erena
391:(1942–1953)
1376:Categories
1330:(Portugal)
1288:Somaliland
1208:Seychelles
1173:Mozambique
1158:Mauritania
1143:Madagascar
1098:The Gambia
1033:Cape Verde
818:All Africa
795:11 October
769:11 October
741:11 October
713:11 October
663:11 October
637:11 October
611:11 October
590:, Eritrea.
556:References
449:Television
91:Literature
1163:Mauritius
882:0001-9887
874:1527-1978
860:(2): 22.
353:Al-Hadisa
141:Monuments
63:Languages
1354: /
1350: /
1343:(France)
1337: /
1315: /
1311: /
1263:Zimbabwe
1238:Tanzania
1088:Ethiopia
1083:Eswatini
1063:Djibouti
1028:Cameroon
1013:Botswana
892:21 March
886:Archived
606:ICTworks
518:See also
498:Asmarino
434:Tigrinya
336:, which
77:Religion
23:a series
21:Part of
1339:RĂ©union
1335:Mayotte
1326:Madeira
1321:(Spain)
1317:Melilla
1248:Tunisia
1218:Somalia
1203:Senegal
1188:Nigeria
1178:Namibia
1168:Morocco
1133:Liberia
1128:Lesotho
1078:Eritrea
1048:Comoros
1023:Burundi
998:Algeria
463:Amharic
459:English
318:Wintana
310:Tiganay
302:Meqaleh
280:transl.
264:History
238:Eritrea
161:Symbols
70:Cuisine
49:History
1358:
1341:
1328:
1258:Zambia
1253:Uganda
1193:Rwanda
1148:Malawi
1108:Guinea
1003:Angola
942:
921:
880:
872:
824:8 June
471:Somali
455:Eri-TV
418:Kunama
406:Arabic
328:, and
121:Cinema
56:People
25:on the
1313:Ceuta
1233:Sudan
1183:Niger
1138:Libya
1123:Kenya
1103:Ghana
1093:Gabon
1068:Egypt
1008:Benin
870:eISSN
506:Awate
490:Dehai
467:Oromo
430:Tigre
396:Radio
344:Print
322:Admas
314:Zemen
306:Setit
132:Sport
116:Radio
108:Media
98:Music
1243:Togo
1153:Mali
1043:Chad
940:ISBN
919:ISBN
894:2021
878:ISSN
826:2006
797:2021
771:2021
743:2021
715:2021
686:2006
665:2021
639:2021
613:2021
575:help
469:and
426:Saho
422:Nara
414:Blin
410:Beja
402:Afar
330:Mana
252:and
168:Flag
862:doi
764:RSF
338:HRW
84:Art
1378::
884:.
876:.
868:.
858:60
856:.
850:.
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787:.
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