55:
412:
428:
33:
245:
375:
395:
292:
fish. Otherwise species in this genus are typically brownish and often have a spotted, speckled or mottled pattern, either in another brown hue, grayish or yellowish. This pattern is reflected in the common name of another species sometimes kept in aquariums, the
1518:
1526:
2061:
1984:
278:, which only reach a maximum total length of 7–8 cm (2.8–3.1 in). At up to 1 m (3.3 ft), the largest of both the family and this genus is
1945:
1971:
1814:
444:, there are currently 61 recognized species in this genus. 4 additional species (marked with a star* in the list) are recognized by
527:
1163:
1150:
2010:
2066:
258:
river in India. This species is sometimes kept in aquariums, but also considered a good food fish and eaten in its native range
216:. They are native to Africa (c. 45 species) and Asia (c. 15 species). Most are found in rivers and associated systems (even in
1437:
1451:
1976:
306:). A few others also occasionally appear in the aquarium trade, and some are considered good food fish and eaten locally.
1696:
Brown; Britz; Bills; Rüber; Day (2011). "Pectoral fin loss in the
Mastacembelidae: a new species from Lake Tanganyika".
54:
1919:
735:
466:
399:
1835:
1483:
1053:
975:
776:
453:
1989:
1189:
1171:
334:
and sometimes shallower among rocks. These four species have reduced eyes and are all pinkish-white in color (non-
988:
936:
918:
698:
650:
637:
150:
1234:
567:
2056:
1392:
1371:
1352:
1278:
1265:
1040:
1027:
891:
878:
865:
831:
722:
492:
416:
133:
1479:"Mastacembelidae (Teleostei; Synbranchiformes) subfamily division and African generic division: an evaluation"
594:
2028:
1551:
1365:
1335:
1251:
818:
580:
314:
1379:
1317:
1145:
1127:
1096:
1066:
1045:
1006:
980:
954:
883:
870:
823:
810:
795:
790:
782:
727:
685:
668:
655:
612:
607:
572:
559:
484:
479:
458:
1304:
1158:
1110:
1001:
905:
620:
553:
536:
320:
308:
2051:
1859:
1406:
1226:
1203:
1014:
967:
910:
848:
763:
432:
326:
268:
1217:
1083:
962:
749:
302:
274:
1323:
1222:
1195:
1133:
1115:
1088:
836:
804:
663:
521:
497:
379:
250:
1924:
1257:
1181:
1102:
2015:
1906:
1433:
1397:
1340:
1239:
949:
505:
41:
1781:
1754:
1411:
1287:
1283:
1075:
1058:
941:
768:
707:
703:
1344:
1243:
513:
1897:
1500:
1357:
1327:
1137:
840:
509:
359:
335:
221:
174:
49:
1309:
1119:
1032:
501:
1997:
1932:
1810:
1673:
1617:
1446:
1270:
1208:
1019:
857:
690:
642:
629:
599:
545:
445:
2002:
1749:
1705:
1663:
1653:
1607:
1597:
1581:
1492:
1177:
993:
897:
853:
625:
541:
106:
288:, often known as the fire eel, is blackish with an orange-red pattern, and it is a popular
1642:"Mastacembelid eels support Lake Tanganyika as an evolutionary hotspot of diversification"
928:
754:
421:
388:
225:
213:
116:
411:
1668:
1641:
1612:
1585:
1384:
1293:
740:
674:
427:
294:
233:
96:
1911:
1731:
1586:"Molecular phylogenetics reveals convergent evolution in lower Congo River spiny eels"
2045:
1740:
1709:
1547:
1504:
1937:
924:
220:), but there are also species in other freshwater habitats and a particularly rich
142:
403:
is a relatively large, brightly marked Asian species that is highly prized in the
1958:
1891:
1496:
331:
32:
1882:
1602:
714:
244:
1658:
374:
66:
1677:
1621:
1876:
1560:
1071:
585:
471:
441:
404:
384:
339:
289:
280:
229:
86:
2023:
1950:
262:
The size and pattern varies greatly depending on the exact species of
1963:
255:
217:
76:
1853:
1478:
300:(alternatively called the tire track eel, a name otherwise used for
1809:
Schliewen, U. (1992). Aquarium Fish. Barron's
Educational Series.
426:
410:
394:
393:
373:
243:
209:
1730:
Fernado, M.; Kotagama, O. & de Alwis
Goonatilake, S. (2019).
1857:
1776:
1774:
1772:
350:
1834:
Eschmeyer, W.N.; R. Fricke; R. van der Laan (14 May 2018).
358:(formerly used for the African species) were placed in
383:
is a widespread Asian species found in both fresh and
1866:
1436:; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
212:of many species of spiny eel fish from the family
1755:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T166586A60592409.en
436:, another species found only in Lake Tanganyika
387:water, but as currently defined it is likely a
1725:
1723:
1721:
1719:
8:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1854:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1536:
31:
20:
1753:
1667:
1657:
1611:
1601:
420:, one of the many species found only in
1425:
2062:Taxa named by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli
1829:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1472:
1470:
1468:
330:are found in dark, deep parts of the
7:
2029:D8C57293-BD3C-463F-9C21-000394F34E97
1741:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
232:). A few species can even occur in
14:
1640:Brown; Rüber; Bills; Day (2010).
1838:. California Academy of Sciences
1710:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00804.x
1580:Elizabeth Alter, S.; Brown, B.;
53:
1452:California Academy of Sciences
1300:according to Catalog of Fishes
718:according to Catalog of Fishes
681:according to Catalog of Fishes
1:
976:Mastacembelus nigromarginatus
777:Mastacembelus flavomarginatus
156:J. Banks & Solander, 1794
1190:Mastacembelus shiloangoensis
1172:Mastacembelus sexdecimspinus
1784:Mastacembelus erythrotaenia
1497:10.1080/0022293042000195975
989:Mastacembelus notophthalmus
919:Mastacembelus mastacembelus
736:Mastacembelus erythrotaenia
699:Mastacembelus dienbienensis
638:Mastacembelus cryptacanthus
467:Mastacembelus albomaculatus
400:Mastacembelus erythrotaenia
2083:
1484:Journal of Natural History
1235:Mastacembelus strigiventus
1054:Mastacembelus plagiostomus
568:Mastacembelus brachyrhinus
454:Mastacembelus alboguttatus
228:basin with 15 species (14
1603:10.1186/s12862-015-0507-x
1393:Mastacembelus vanderwaali
1353:Mastacembelus trispinosus
1279:Mastacembelus thacbaensis
1041:Mastacembelus paucispinis
1028:Mastacembelus pantherinus
937:Mastacembelus micropectus
892:Mastacembelus malabaricus
879:Mastacembelus loennbergii
866:Mastacembelus liberiensis
832:Mastacembelus kakrimensis
651:Mastacembelus cunningtoni
493:Mastacembelus apectoralis
180:
173:
166:
161:
148:
141:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
30:
23:
1659:10.1186/1471-2148-10-188
1646:BMC Evolutionary Biology
1590:BMC Evolutionary Biology
1550:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
1266:Mastacembelus tanganicae
723:Mastacembelus ellipsifer
595:Mastacembelus catchpolei
417:Mastacembelus ellipsifer
1523:research.calacademy.org
1366:Mastacembelus undulatus
1336:Mastacembelus triolobus
1252:Mastacembelus taiaensis
1164:Thys van den Audenaerde
1151:Thys van den Audenaerde
1067:Mastacembelus platysoma
819:Mastacembelus greshoffi
581:Mastacembelus brichardi
2067:Freshwater fish genera
1748:: e.T166586A60592409.
1477:Vreven, E. J. (2005).
1407:Mastacembelus zebratus
1380:Mastacembelus unicolor
1318:Mastacembelus traversi
1204:Mastacembelus shiranus
1146:Mastacembelus sanagali
1128:Mastacembelus robertsi
1097:Mastacembelus praensis
1015:Mastacembelus ophidium
791:Mastacembelus frenatus
764:Mastacembelus flavidus
686:Mastacembelus decorsei
608:Mastacembelus congicus
480:Mastacembelus ansorgii
437:
433:Mastacembelus flavidus
424:
408:
391:
259:
151:Ophidium mastacembelus
1734:Mastacembelus armatus
1564:. April 2018 version.
1434:Eschmeyer, William N.
1402:(Ocellated spiny eel)
1305:Mastacembelus tinwini
1159:Mastacembelus seiteri
1111:Mastacembelus reygeli
1002:Mastacembelus oatesii
906:Mastacembelus marchei
621:Mastacembelus crassus
554:Mastacembelus batesii
537:Mastacembelus aviceps
522:Mastacembelus armatus
430:
414:
397:
380:Mastacembelus armatus
377:
251:Mastacembelus armatus
247:
950:Mastacembelus moorii
849:Mastacembelus latens
800:(Longtail spiny eel)
42:Mastacembelus moorii
1836:"Catalog of Fishes"
1519:"Afromastacembelus"
1218:Mastacembelus simbi
1084:Mastacembelus polli
963:Mastacembelus niger
750:Mastacembelus favus
712:– belongs in genus
356:Aethiomastacembelus
266:. The smallest are
189:Aethiomastacembelus
1698:Journal of Zoology
1552:"Species in genus
1213:(Malawi spiny eel)
805:Mastacembelus goro
664:Mastacembelus dayi
438:
425:
409:
392:
352:Caecomastacembelus
260:
184:Caecomastacembelus
2039:
2038:
1998:Open Tree of Life
1860:Taxon identifiers
1447:Catalog of Fishes
1415:
1401:
1388:
1375:
1361:
1348:
1331:
1313:
1291:
1274:
1261:
1247:
1230:
1212:
1199:
1185:
1167:
1154:
1141:
1123:
1106:
1092:
1079:
1062:
1049:
1036:
1023:
1010:
997:
984:
971:
958:
945:
932:
914:
901:
887:
874:
861:
844:
827:
814:
799:
786:
772:
758:
744:
731:
711:
694:
672:
659:
646:
633:
616:
603:
590:(Blind spiny eel)
589:
576:
563:
549:
531:
517:
488:
475:
462:
446:Catalog of Fishes
201:
200:
194:Afromastacembelus
137:
2074:
2032:
2031:
2019:
2018:
2006:
2005:
1993:
1992:
1980:
1979:
1967:
1966:
1954:
1953:
1941:
1940:
1928:
1927:
1915:
1914:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1855:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1831:
1818:
1807:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1778:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1757:
1727:
1714:
1713:
1693:
1682:
1681:
1671:
1661:
1637:
1626:
1625:
1615:
1605:
1582:Stiassny, M.L.J.
1577:
1566:
1565:
1544:
1531:
1530:
1529:on 2 April 2012.
1525:. Archived from
1515:
1509:
1508:
1474:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1430:
1410:
1396:
1383:
1369:
1356:
1339:
1321:
1308:
1282:
1269:
1255:
1238:
1221:
1207:
1193:
1175:
1162:
1149:
1131:
1114:
1100:
1087:
1070:
1057:
1044:
1031:
1018:
1005:
992:
979:
966:
953:
940:
922:
909:
896:
882:
869:
852:
835:
822:
809:
794:
781:
767:
759:(Tire track eel)
753:
739:
726:
702:
689:
667:
654:
641:
624:
611:
598:
584:
571:
558:
540:
525:
496:
483:
470:
457:
286:M. erythrotaenia
281:M. erythrotaenia
224:is found in the
132:
107:Synbranchiformes
58:
57:
35:
21:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2057:Mastacembelidae
2042:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2027:
2022:
2014:
2009:
2001:
1996:
1988:
1983:
1975:
1970:
1962:
1957:
1949:
1944:
1936:
1931:
1923:
1918:
1910:
1905:
1896:
1895:
1890:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1862:
1852:
1851:
1841:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1821:
1808:
1804:
1794:
1792:
1780:
1779:
1770:
1760:
1758:
1729:
1728:
1717:
1695:
1694:
1685:
1639:
1638:
1629:
1579:
1578:
1569:
1546:
1545:
1534:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1476:
1475:
1466:
1456:
1454:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1422:
679:M. alboguttatus
422:Lake Tanganyika
389:species complex
372:
348:
242:
226:Lake Tanganyika
214:Mastacembelidae
157:
154:
131:
117:Mastacembelidae
52:
17:
16:Genus of fishes
12:
11:
5:
2080:
2078:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2044:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2020:
2007:
1994:
1981:
1968:
1955:
1942:
1929:
1916:
1903:
1888:
1872:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1858:
1850:
1849:
1819:
1815:978-0812013504
1802:
1790:Seriously Fish
1768:
1715:
1704:(4): 286–293.
1683:
1627:
1567:
1548:Froese, Rainer
1532:
1510:
1491:(4): 351–370.
1464:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1403:
1389:
1376:
1362:
1349:
1332:
1314:
1301:
1294:junior synonym
1275:
1262:
1248:
1231:
1214:
1200:
1186:
1168:
1155:
1142:
1124:
1107:
1093:
1080:
1063:
1050:
1037:
1024:
1011:
998:
985:
972:
959:
946:
933:
915:
902:
888:
875:
862:
845:
828:
815:
801:
787:
773:
760:
746:
732:
719:
695:
682:
675:junior synonym
660:
647:
634:
617:
604:
591:
577:
564:
550:
533:
518:
489:
476:
463:
371:
368:
347:
344:
338:), similar to
254:caught in the
241:
238:
234:brackish water
199:
198:
197:
196:
191:
186:
178:
177:
171:
170:
164:
163:
159:
158:
155:
146:
145:
139:
138:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
97:Actinopterygii
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
46:
45:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2079:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2052:Mastacembelus
2050:
2049:
2047:
2030:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2012:
2008:
2004:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1912:Mastacembelus
1908:
1904:
1899:
1898:Mastacembelus
1893:
1889:
1884:
1878:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1868:Mastacembelus
1865:
1861:
1856:
1837:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1812:
1806:
1803:
1791:
1787:
1785:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1756:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1742:
1737:
1735:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1628:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1555:
1554:Mastacembelus
1549:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1514:
1511:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1485:
1480:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1441:
1440:Mastacembelus
1435:
1429:
1426:
1419:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1398:P. H. Skelton
1395:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1178:T. R. Roberts
1174:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1003:
999:
995:
994:T. R. Roberts
991:
990:
986:
982:
978:
977:
973:
969:
965:
964:
960:
956:
952:
951:
947:
943:
939:
938:
934:
930:
926:
921:
920:
916:
912:
908:
907:
903:
899:
894:
893:
889:
885:
881:
880:
876:
872:
868:
867:
863:
859:
858:D. J. Stewart
855:
854:T. R. Roberts
851:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
833:
829:
825:
821:
820:
816:
812:
807:
806:
802:
797:
793:
792:
788:
784:
779:
778:
774:
770:
766:
765:
761:
756:
752:
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546:D. J. Stewart
543:
542:T. R. Roberts
539:
538:
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532:(Zig zag eel)
529:
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364:Mastacembelus
361:
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205:Mastacembelus
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128:Mastacembelus
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25:Mastacembelus
22:
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1867:
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1805:
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1789:
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1745:
1739:
1733:
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1697:
1649:
1645:
1593:
1589:
1559:
1553:
1527:the original
1522:
1513:
1488:
1482:
1455:. Retrieved
1445:
1439:
1428:
1405:
1391:
1378:
1364:
1358:Steindachner
1351:
1334:
1316:
1303:
1298:M. undulatus
1297:
1288:H. D. Nguyễn
1284:V. H. Nguyễn
1277:
1264:
1250:
1233:
1216:
1202:
1188:
1170:
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1013:
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491:
478:
465:
452:
439:
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415:
398:
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363:
355:
351:
349:
325:
319:
315:M. brichardi
313:
307:
301:
297:
285:
279:
273:
267:
263:
261:
249:
204:
203:
202:
193:
188:
183:
167:
149:
143:Type species
127:
126:
40:
24:
18:
1959:iNaturalist
1892:Wikispecies
1786:(Fire Eel)"
1761:14 December
1457:13 November
506:I. R. Bills
498:K. J. Brown
332:Congo River
295:zig-zag eel
2046:Categories
1596:(1): 224.
1420:References
1372:McClelland
1345:L. P. Yang
1244:L. P. Yang
745:(Fire eel)
715:Sinobdella
321:M. crassus
298:M. armatus
240:Appearance
1385:G. Cuvier
1046:Boulenger
1007:Boulenger
981:Boulenger
955:Boulenger
884:Boulenger
871:Boulenger
824:Boulenger
811:Boulenger
796:Boulenger
783:Boulenger
728:Boulenger
691:Pellegrin
669:Boulenger
656:Boulenger
613:Boulenger
573:Boulenger
560:Boulenger
514:J. J. Day
485:Boulenger
459:Boulenger
336:pigmented
327:M. latens
309:M aviceps
269:M. latens
222:radiation
168:See text
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
1883:Q2233752
1877:Wikidata
1678:20565906
1622:26472465
1584:(2015).
1561:FishBase
1505:85280659
1227:Stiassny
929:Solander
925:J. Banks
588:, (1958)
528:Lacépède
442:FishBase
405:aquarium
385:brackish
360:synonymy
346:Taxonomy
340:cavefish
303:M. favus
290:aquarium
275:M. simba
248:Several
175:Synonyms
162:Species
113:Family:
87:Chordata
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
2024:ZooBank
1951:2351725
1669:2903574
1652:: 188.
1613:4608218
1412:Matthes
1374:, 1844)
1341:W. Zhou
1330:, 1997)
1328:Teugels
1271:Günther
1260:, 1992)
1258:Travers
1240:W. Zhou
1209:Günther
1198:, 2004)
1184:, 1986)
1182:Travers
1140:, 1996)
1138:Teugels
1105:, 1992)
1103:Travers
1076:Matthes
1059:Matthes
1020:Günther
968:Sauvage
942:Matthes
931:, 1794)
911:Sauvage
841:Teugels
769:Matthes
741:Bleeker
643:Günther
530:, 1800)
370:Species
230:endemic
134:Scopoli
123:Genus:
103:Order:
93:Class:
2016:269801
2003:457791
1977:172691
1842:14 May
1813:
1795:14 May
1676:
1666:
1620:
1610:
1503:
1414:, 1962
1400:, 1976
1387:, 1832
1360:, 1911
1347:, 2011
1343:&
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1324:Vreven
1312:, 2007
1290:, 2005
1286:&
1273:, 1894
1246:, 2011
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1229:, 2009
1225:&
1223:Vreven
1211:, 1896
1196:Vreven
1180:&
1166:, 1972
1153:, 1972
1136:&
1134:Vreven
1122:, 2009
1120:Snoeks
1118:&
1116:Vreven
1091:, 2005
1089:Vreven
1078:, 1962
1074:&
1061:, 1962
1048:, 1899
1035:, 2007
1022:, 1894
1009:, 1893
996:, 1989
983:, 1898
970:, 1879
957:, 1898
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927:&
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900:, 1849
898:Jerdon
886:, 1898
873:, 1898
860:, 1976
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826:, 1901
813:, 1902
798:, 1901
785:, 1898
771:, 1962
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743:, 1850
730:, 1899
710:, 2005
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693:, 1919
671:, 1912
658:, 1906
645:, 1867
632:, 1976
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615:, 1896
602:, 1936
600:Fowler
575:, 1899
562:, 1911
548:, 1976
544:&
516:, 2011
512:&
487:, 1905
474:, 1953
461:, 1893
256:Tlawng
218:rapids
136:, 1777
2011:WoRMS
1990:94234
1964:89764
1938:62ZCJ
1501:S2CID
1310:Britz
1033:Britz
510:Rüber
502:Britz
407:trade
362:with
210:genus
208:is a
1985:NCBI
1972:ITIS
1946:GBIF
1925:4286
1920:BOLD
1844:2018
1811:ISBN
1797:2018
1763:2023
1746:2019
1674:PMID
1618:PMID
1459:2019
1072:Poll
755:Hora
586:Poll
472:Poll
354:and
324:and
272:and
1933:CoL
1907:ADW
1750:doi
1706:doi
1702:284
1664:PMC
1654:doi
1608:PMC
1598:doi
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1296:of
677:of
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
