548:(cheilocystidia). The club-shaped cheilocystidia measure from 10 to 25 by 7 to 12 μm, and sport multiple cylindrical appendages on their tips, measuring 1 to 7 by 1 to 1.5 μm. The cheilocystidia are colourless, with cell walls of variable thickness, and are inamyloid. There are no pleurocystidia (cystidia on the face of the gills). The caulocystidia (cystidia in the stem) measure 60 to 200 by 4 to 7 μm. They are cylindrical and erect, forming the visible bristles. The tip is either pointed or rounded, and the cell walls are smooth and colourless, up to 2 μm thick. They are dextrinoid, meaning they stain a reddish-brown when they come into contact with iodine from Melzer's reagent or Lugol's solution.
155:
575:, the uppermost layer in the stem, also form a cutis. The cylindrical hyphae making up the cutis run parallel to one another, and measure from 2.5 to 4.5 μm in width, with walls up to 1 μm thick. They are encrusted with a brown pigment, and are dextrinoid. The flesh of the stem is made up of generative hyphae running lengthways (that is, up and down the stem). The cells are 5 to 8 μm wide, and are smooth and colourless; the cell walls up to 1 μm thick. They are dextrinoid. All
994:
410:
37:
311:
429:
369:
364:
391:
346:
1006:
326:
485:
can be adnate or adnexed; that is, they can be attached to the stem by their whole depth, or only part of it. The individual gills are distantly spaced, with between 8 and 12 reaching the stem. Each gill is up to 0.5 mm (0.02 in) thick, and the edges are even. There are sometimes lamellulae
464:
of between 2 and 6 mm (0.08 and 0.2 in) in diameter. Unlike the caps of other mushrooms, it does not change shape to a flatter convex with age. The cap is fairly smooth, but can have small, parallel furrows towards the edge, which are arranged radially. The colour differs slightly,
469:
attaches centrally to the cap, measures from 20 to 50 mm (0.8 to 2 in) long by 0.2 to 0.5 mm (0.008 to 0.02 in) thick. It is cylindrical, but may taper slightly, and is covered in short, white hairs. The base of the stem enters the
571:, and run parallel to one another. They can be either inamyloid or only weakly dextrinoid. The flesh in the gills is basically the same as the flesh in the cap, but for the fact that it is completely inamyloid. The hyphae of the
486:(short gills that do not reach the cap). There is a thin layer, up to 0.3 mm (0.01 in) thick, of whitish flesh in the cap. It is tough, but it can be bent without breaking. The flesh has no smell or taste.
465:
depending on the age of the mushroom. While younger specimens sport reddish-brown caps, they are a paler brown in older mushrooms. The cap's surface is dry and dull, and free from hair. The threadlike
1082:
612:. However, the former has a cap covered in hairs or bristles, and differs microscopically; for instance, the hyphae feature clamp connections. The
310:
541:
measuring 20 to 25 by 4.5 to 7 μm, with two spores per basidium. There are also club-shaped basidioles (under-developed basidia).
563:. The cutis is made up of cylindrical hyphae between 2 and 5 μm thick. The inamyloid and thin-walled hyphae are covered in brown
196:
of up to 50 millimetres (2.0 in) in length. The species has a number of distinctive microscopic features, including very long
200:
on the stem, visible as bristles. Described in 2002 by Haruki
Takahashi, the species grows on dead wood. The closest relative of
1141:
154:
602:
do not form bristles; instead, they are club shaped to cylindrical. The species is known from Mexico and Papua New Guinea.
984:
567:. The flesh in the cap is made up of cylindrical hyphae from 4 to 7 μm wide with thin cell walls. They are all
36:
694:
598:, due to the presence of cheilocystidia, the lack of clamp connections and the fact that the caulocystidia of
1151:
618:
268:
218:
206:
1136:
1024:
670:
564:
634:
are slightly larger and narrower, measuring from 7 to 10 by 3.5 to 4.5 μm, and the caulocystidia of
253:, is Latin for "rope-like", and is in reference to the shape and character of the stem. Within the genus
604:
212:
131:
630:
similarities between the two. The species can be differentiated by the fact that the basidiospores of
1074:
915:
850:
678:
658:
627:
572:
534:
530:
471:
166:
1146:
971:
650:
482:
332:
31:
478:
visible. The majority of the stem is blackish-brown, but it is a lighter brown at the very top.
1108:
1056:
932:
881:
866:
825:
461:
351:
189:
1113:
963:
924:
580:
466:
396:
260:
193:
1069:
862:
654:
244:
78:
1130:
457:
68:
975:
1061:
1010:
998:
502:
449:
436:
181:
98:
657:, Japan. Mushrooms grow in groups on dead plant matter, and have been recorded on
210:, known from Mexico and Papua New Guinea, and it is also similar in appearance to
928:
954:
666:
560:
552:
506:
498:
416:
273:
249:
239:
1047:
613:
510:
475:
88:
913:) in Madagascar and the Mascarenes, including a key to other African taxa".
518:
514:
255:
185:
108:
48:
936:
967:
192:
up to 6 millimetres (0.24 in) in diameter and dark-brown, threadlike
1095:
1041:
889:
545:
522:
453:
374:
337:
316:
197:
1087:
538:
1100:
556:
526:
58:
1018:
568:
1022:
243:
by Haruki
Takahashi, based on specimens collected in 2000. The
259:, the species has traits that suggest that it belongs in the
266:, and, within the section, it seems most closely related to
184:
fungus known only from Japan. The species produces small
788:
Takahashi 2002, p. 347; Antonína and Buyck 2007, p. 920
685:). The mushrooms can be encountered from May to July.
544:
The edge of the gill is sterile, made up of a mass of
982:
517:, and they are smooth and colourless. The spores are
1031:
905:Antonína, Vladimír; Buyck, Bart (2007). "The genus
456:. Each mushroom has a convex (sometimes completely
426:
406:
388:
361:
343:
323:
304:
237:was first described and named in a 2002 article in
608:, known from Europe, is similar in appearance to
944:Takahashi, Haruki (2002). "Four new species of
277:
284:
8:
1019:
153:
20:
989:
892:. International Mycological Association
709:
757:
755:
753:
751:
749:
739:
737:
735:
733:
731:
537:. The spores are borne on club-shaped
509:, and measure 6.5 to 8 by 4 to 5
301:
222:, the latter of which was named after
7:
594:differs from its closest relative,
14:
525:when they come into contact with
1004:
992:
427:
408:
389:
367:
362:
344:
324:
309:
35:
815:Antonína and Buyck 2007, p. 920
669:in woodland mostly made up of
1:
929:10.1016/j.mycres.2007.06.002
952:in eastern Honshu, Japan".
521:, meaning that they do not
490:Microscopic characteristics
317:Mycological characteristics
278:
1168:
638:are significantly longer.
285:
161:
152:
137:
130:
32:Scientific classification
30:
23:
797:Takahashi 2002, p. 347–8
716:MycoBank; Index Fungorum
642:Distribution and ecology
497:mushrooms leave a white
1142:Fungi described in 2002
806:Takahashi 2002, p. 347
779:Takahashi 2002, p. 346
770:Takahashi 2002, fig. 2
761:Takahashi 2002, p. 345
743:Takahashi 2002, p. 348
725:Takahashi 2002, p. 343
619:Setulipes funaliformis
219:Setulipes funaliformis
968:10.1007/s102670200050
513:(μm). They have thin
916:Mycological Research
683:Quercus myrsinifolia
675:Carpinus tschonoskii
671:Chonowski's hornbeam
663:Cryptomeria japonica
600:M. liquidambari
596:M. liquidambari
269:M. liquidambari
207:M. liquidambari
826:"Marasmius funalis"
649:is known only from
632:S. funalformis
555:, the top layer of
474:, and there are no
276:for the species is
188:with reddish-brown
167:Kanagawa prefecture
165:is known only from
859:43(4): 344 (2002)"
651:Kawasaki, Kanagawa
147:Har. Takah. (2002)
1124:
1123:
1109:Open Tree of Life
1033:Marasmius funalis
1025:Taxon identifiers
886:Har. Takah. 2002"
884:Marasmius funalis
867:CAB International
853:Marasmius funalis
647:Marasmius funalis
592:Marasmius funalis
581:clamp connections
569:generative hyphae
559:in the cap, is a
501:. The individual
495:Marasmius funalis
446:Marasmius funalis
443:
442:
306:Marasmius funalis
299:Species of fungus
235:Marasmius funalis
177:Marasmius funalis
173:
172:
141:Marasmius funalis
25:Marasmius funalis
16:Species of fungus
1159:
1117:
1116:
1104:
1103:
1091:
1090:
1078:
1077:
1065:
1064:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1020:
1009:
1008:
1007:
997:
996:
995:
988:
979:
940:
901:
899:
897:
877:
875:
873:
838:
837:
835:
833:
822:
816:
813:
807:
804:
798:
795:
789:
786:
780:
777:
771:
768:
762:
759:
744:
741:
726:
723:
717:
714:
622:was named after
535:Lugol's solution
531:Melzer's reagent
431:
430:
412:
411:
393:
392:
371:
370:
366:
365:
348:
347:
328:
327:
313:
302:
290:
288:
287:
281:
180:is a species of
157:
143:
40:
39:
21:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1112:
1107:
1099:
1094:
1086:
1081:
1073:
1068:
1060:
1055:
1046:
1045:
1040:
1027:
1015:
1005:
1003:
993:
991:
983:
943:
904:
895:
893:
880:
871:
869:
849:
846:
841:
831:
829:
824:
823:
819:
814:
810:
805:
801:
796:
792:
787:
783:
778:
774:
769:
765:
760:
747:
742:
729:
724:
720:
715:
711:
707:
691:
679:bamboo-leaf oak
644:
636:M. funalis
624:M. funalis
610:M. funalis
605:M. hudonii
589:
587:Similar species
577:M. funalis
492:
452:in the form of
428:
413:
409:
390:
368:
363:
345:
325:
319:
314:
300:
297:
282:
272:. The Japanese
232:
224:M. funalis
213:M. hudonii
202:M. funalis
148:
145:
139:
126:
123:M. funalis
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1165:
1163:
1155:
1154:
1152:Fungus species
1149:
1144:
1139:
1129:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1105:
1092:
1079:
1066:
1053:
1037:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1014:
1013:
1001:
981:
980:
962:(4): 343–350.
941:
923:(8): 919–925.
902:
878:
863:Index Fungorum
845:
842:
840:
839:
817:
808:
799:
790:
781:
772:
763:
745:
727:
718:
708:
706:
703:
702:
701:
690:
687:
659:Japanese cedar
655:Machida, Tokyo
643:
640:
588:
585:
491:
488:
441:
440:
432:
424:
423:
414:
407:
404:
403:
394:
386:
385:
372:
359:
358:
349:
341:
340:
329:
321:
320:
315:
308:
298:
296:
293:
231:
228:
171:
170:
159:
158:
150:
149:
146:
135:
134:
128:
127:
120:
118:
114:
113:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
79:Agaricomycetes
76:
72:
71:
66:
62:
61:
56:
52:
51:
46:
42:
41:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1164:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1137:Fungi of Asia
1135:
1134:
1132:
1115:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1049:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1002:
1000:
990:
986:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
956:
951:
947:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
917:
912:
908:
903:
891:
887:
885:
879:
868:
864:
860:
858:
855:Har. Takah.,
854:
848:
847:
843:
827:
821:
818:
812:
809:
803:
800:
794:
791:
785:
782:
776:
773:
767:
764:
758:
756:
754:
752:
750:
746:
740:
738:
736:
734:
732:
728:
722:
719:
713:
710:
704:
700:
698:
693:
692:
688:
686:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
641:
639:
637:
633:
629:
628:morphological
625:
621:
620:
615:
611:
607:
606:
601:
597:
593:
586:
584:
582:
578:
574:
573:stipitipellis
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
549:
547:
542:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
503:basidiospores
500:
496:
489:
487:
484:
479:
477:
473:
468:
463:
459:
458:hemispherical
455:
451:
447:
439:
438:
433:
425:
422:
418:
415:
405:
402:
398:
395:
387:
384:
380:
376:
373:
360:
357:
353:
350:
342:
339:
335:
334:
330:
322:
318:
312:
307:
303:
294:
292:
280:
275:
271:
270:
265:
262:
258:
257:
252:
251:
246:
245:specific name
242:
241:
236:
229:
227:
225:
221:
220:
215:
214:
209:
208:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
178:
168:
164:
160:
156:
151:
144:
142:
136:
133:
132:Binomial name
129:
125:
124:
119:
116:
115:
112:
111:
107:
104:
103:
100:
97:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
80:
77:
74:
73:
70:
69:Basidiomycota
67:
64:
63:
60:
57:
54:
53:
50:
47:
44:
43:
38:
33:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1032:
1016:
959:
953:
949:
945:
920:
914:
911:Marasmiaceae
910:
906:
894:. Retrieved
883:
870:. Retrieved
856:
852:
844:Bibliography
832:September 7,
830:. Retrieved
820:
811:
802:
793:
784:
775:
766:
721:
712:
696:
682:
674:
662:
646:
645:
635:
631:
623:
617:
609:
603:
599:
595:
591:
590:
579:hyphae lack
576:
550:
543:
494:
493:
480:
450:fruit bodies
445:
444:
437:saprotrophic
435:
420:
400:
382:
378:
355:
331:
305:
267:
263:
254:
248:
238:
234:
233:
223:
217:
211:
205:
201:
182:Marasmiaceae
176:
175:
174:
162:
140:
138:
122:
121:
109:
99:Marasmiaceae
24:
18:
955:Mycoscience
946:Crinipellis
896:2 September
872:2 September
857:Mycoscience
828:. Har.Takah
667:leaf litter
665:) wood and
626:due to the
553:pileipellis
511:micrometres
507:ellipsoidal
499:spore print
476:rhizomorphs
434:Ecology is
417:Spore print
295:Description
274:common name
240:Mycoscience
1131:Categories
705:References
515:cell walls
481:The white
279:Kenawatake
264:Androsacei
163:M. funalis
89:Agaricales
65:Division:
1147:Marasmius
950:Marasmius
907:Setulipes
697:Marasmius
519:inamyloid
472:substrate
454:mushrooms
448:produces
256:Marasmius
186:mushrooms
117:Species:
110:Marasmius
55:Kingdom:
49:Eukaryota
1096:MycoBank
1070:Fungorum
1048:Q6754914
1042:Wikidata
976:84945130
937:17716886
890:MycoBank
695:List of
689:See also
616:species
614:Malagasy
565:granules
546:cystidia
375:Hymenium
338:hymenium
230:Taxonomy
198:cystidia
169:, Japan
95:Family:
45:Domain:
1114:3834497
1088:3322997
985:Portals
699:species
539:basidia
383:adnexed
261:section
250:funalis
105:Genus:
85:Order:
75:Class:
1101:375392
1075:375392
974:
935:
677:) and
557:hyphae
527:iodine
379:adnate
356:convex
1062:72TW2
1011:Japan
999:Fungi
972:S2CID
561:cutis
529:from
523:stain
483:gills
421:white
397:Stipe
333:Gills
194:stems
59:Fungi
1083:GBIF
948:and
933:PMID
898:2011
874:2011
834:2011
653:and
551:The
505:are
467:stem
401:bare
216:and
190:caps
1057:CoL
964:doi
925:doi
921:111
533:or
462:cap
419:is
399:is
381:or
377:is
354:is
352:Cap
336:on
286:毛縄茸
204:is
1133::
1111::
1098::
1085::
1072::
1059::
1044::
970:.
960:43
958:.
931:.
919:.
888:.
865:.
861:.
748:^
730:^
583:.
460:)
291:.
247:,
226:.
987::
978:.
966::
939:.
927::
909:(
900:.
882:"
876:.
851:"
836:.
681:(
673:(
661:(
289:)
283:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
