347:. This does not make much sense to place Marcellinus as the person in question for this action of the Gallic aristocracy since he is not Gallic and most likely comes from a wealthy Dalmatian family. The assumption to place Marcellinus as the person being spoken of has only led others to assume then that he is Gallic in origin when there is absolutely no evidence to support this. Mathisen has shown that Marcellinus cannot be the person in question and that Apollinaris Sidonius was speaking of a Marcellus, who was a Gallic aristocrat. He demonstrates why Marcellinus cannot logically be the person in question by comparing other names written by the same author and showing that Sidonius using the same style in writing the names thus giving the support it is Marcellus not Marcellinus he speaks of.
250:
229:. Marcellinus was supposed to have a command of some 10,000 to 20,000 troops. Marcellinus never sailed for Africa, perhaps due to Ricimer's veto; either he would not spare so many troops to become bogged in a campaign in Africa hoping the East would do the job for him, or he resented the military capabilities of Marcellinus who was obviously the favorite of Anthemius. Regardless of the reason, Marcellinus, not able to participate in the campaign and Basiliscus blundering in the
20:
108:
158:. In 464 or 465 Marcellinus returned to Sicily to defend the island against the Vandals, this action posed a direct threat to the personal power and prestige of Ricimer who had already appealed to Leo to prevent Marcellinus from acting against him militarily. Leo recognized Marcellinus as magister militum but not by Ricimer and his new puppet emperor
273:, and which would become of great importance in his career. From giving him the necessary means to threaten Italy with invasion, his ability to invade and secure Sicily on two occasions and from whence he accompanied Anthemius with an army from the East as well as forces of his own to install Anthemius as Emperor.
72:. He was powerful enough to seize control of Dalmatia for himself and was presumably able to do this because he was commander of the troops there. He appears to have remained ruler of Dalmatia down to 468 and to have preserved his independence except for briefly accepting the authority of the Emperors
261:
A topic of much debate concerns
Marcellinus' source of power, mainly the forces under his command. This aspect becomes important in understanding his role as a player in the political and military theater of the Western Empire. A noteworthy comment on his army is that his troops were said to have
38:
and held sway with the army there from 454 until his death. Governing
Dalmatia both independently from, and under, six Emperors during the twilight of the Western Empire, Marcellinus proved to be an able administrator and military personality with sources making reference that he ruled justly and
166:
though it is not for certain, only that his nephew who took over for him after held this title. During this time his power seems to have grown and it was possible he could attack Italy, but at the request of the
Italians, the eastern court sent an envoy to him and he agreed not to attack.
334:
There is controversy in the academic world though as to who is really the topic of the machinations of the Gallo-Romano
Aristocracy after the death of Avitus who was of Gallic origin and from amongst their own ranks. Many scholars old and new have either read the name of the event
208:
in which the East and West would commit substantial forces. Marcellinus was given command of the forces from the western empire and the campaign was to be a three-pronged assault. Marcellinus by this time had expelled the
Vandals from Sicily and had also retaken
288:
and from traditional recruiting grounds in the
Dalmatian interior. Perhaps most important of all, and the source of the "well-equipped" phrase, is that Marcellinus had within his region the imperial arms factory of Dalmatia, a naval arsenal at
276:
As for his land forces, we know for certain he had Hunnic troops. But it is not clear if these were federate forces or mercenaries. Regardless of which one they were, it is not surprising he had Huns in his army since the break up of the
196:), to be superior over the other and so this may have been an attempt by Anthemius to introduce the eastern structure and rule like an eastern emperor using the successful and trustworthy Marcellinus as his second commander.
241:. Dalmatia would serve Julius Nepos in the same fashion as it had Marcellinus and due to the prestige and ability of Julius Nepos, the Eastern Emperor Leo I would push for him to be the new Western Emperor in 474.
111:
The territorial extent of both halves of the Roman Empire at the time of
Marcellinus' rule in Dalmatia. Note that the territories in the West fluctuated in Roman control over Marcellinus' life, especially in
236:
Marcellinus was murdered in Sicily that same year, possibly by
Ricimer's order. After his death, his nephew Julius Nepos inherited his uncle's control over Dalmatia and was recorded as having the title
186:
and patrician, and it appears
Atheminus wished for Marcellinus to have the similar power held by Ricimer in order to be a counterbalance to him. In the East, it was established practice for both
92:
as one continued to play a significant political role as did the western Roman military which made up the other three. The Gallic army was prominent, especially under
88:
During the dying days of the western half of the empire there remained four main players which participated in the power games revolving around the throne; the
154:, attempting to reduce the generals power. This forced Marcellinus to leave Sicily and return to Dalmatia where he would work closely with the Eastern Emperor
146:, but before Majorian could begin his campaign the Vandals inflicted a severe defeat on the attack fleet and a year later in 461 the emperor was murdered by
233:, assured that the operation would result in failure and the West lost its only chance to regain Africa from the Vandals and possibly stave off its demise.
257:
depicting a junior officer of the Roman Army during the fourth century. Such equipment worn would be similar to that of soldiers during
Marcellinus' time.
661:
733:
100:, and the forces of Dalmatia gave a solid base of power and support between 450 and 480 for Marcellinus and later his nephew Western Emperor
309:
in the Sava Valley. Due to the geography of Dalmatia which deterred approach from land (for the coastal cities), and his control of the
249:
217:, Leo's brother-in-law, with the main army in an armada of over 1,000 ships would land at a distance from Carthage and link up with the
758:
723:
262:
always been well-equipped; to say that in an age when the armies in the west were declining this becomes especially important.
124:
When Majorian took the throne in December 457 Marcellinus pledged his allegiance to the new emperor and was soon sent to guard
60:. Nothing is known of Marcellinus' early life; records first mention his name in 454 when he rebelled against Western Emperor
763:
182:
which was given to him by Anthemius. Some explaining needs to be said here, since at this time Ricimer still held the titles
738:
226:
748:
331:
in late 456/early 457 to put Marcellinus on the throne. Nothing, however, suggests that he himself favored the idea.
52:
Marcellinus was said to have been of good birth and character and to have had a good education, he was also a devout
728:
31:
706:
Mathisen, R. W. "Resistance and Reconciliation; Majorian and the Gallic Aristocracy After the Fall of Avitus",
631:
Mathisen, R. W. 'Resistance and Reconciliation; Majorian and the Gallic Aristocracy after the Fall of Avitus',
230:
179:
125:
205:
222:
313:, Marcellinus was quite unassailable which allowed him to become very active in major areas of the West.
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who was Marcellinus' friend. He was in Dalmatia at the time and is believed to have held the title of
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35:
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753:
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134:
694:
History of the Later Roman Empire: From the Death of Theodosius I to the Death of Justinian
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19:
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107:
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30:(died August 468) was a Roman general and patrician who ruled over the region of
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to be equal but in the West it had become common for one magister, (usually the
302:
214:
175:
77:
39:
well and kept Dalmatia independent of the emperor and of barbarian rulers.
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The Rome That Did Not Fall: The survival of the East in the fifth century.
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in the West. His title seems to have changed around this time to that of
143:
117:
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73:
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Marcellinus had a substantial fleet at his disposal which was based at
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129:
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The Rome That Did Not Fall: Survival of the East in the fifth century
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150:, who soon after tried to bribe Marcellinus' troops who were mostly
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Marcellinus may have been the individual of topic in the so-called
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178:, to Italy with a large army. In 468 we see him with the title of
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53:
18:
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in 457; this may have been a movement in Gaul after the death of
306:
298:
285:
278:
151:
113:
699:
Wozniak, Frank E. "East Rome, Ravenna and Western Illyricum",
204:
In 468, Leo organized a grand campaign against the Vandals in
96:
in the 460's, the Italian army was the main influence for
142:, with him coming from Sicily and Majorian invading from
23:
The approximate area of Dalmatia ruled by Marcellinus.
138:. Marcellinus was to take part in a joint attack of
16:
5th century CE Roman general who ruled over Dalmatia
644:Mathisen, 'Resistance and Reconciliation', 599-603
284:He also had manpower to draw on from north of the
547:
545:
588:
586:
174:who accompanied the new emperor of the West,
8:
476:
474:
132:; perhaps at this time he held the title of
669:Generalissimos of the Western Roman Empire
537:Generalissimos of the Western Roman Empire
361:
64:following his murder and assassination of
594:East Rome, Ravenna and Western Illyricum
213:and was to be taken by fleet to Africa.
56:, and is alleged to have been a skilled
662:Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire
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170:In the spring of 467 he was one of the
681:The Later Roman Empire 284-602 Vol. I
7:
673:Stephen Williams and Gerard Friell,
551:Stephin Williams and Gerard Friell,
297:) and access to mining resources of
14:
656:John Martindale, John R. Morris
480:Priscus of Panium, fragment 29
432:Damascius, fragments 158, 159.
374:Military governor of Dalmatia
1:
466:The Cambridge Ancient History
401:Damascius, fragments 155, 158
301:in Domavia (near present-day
267:comes rei militaris Dalmatiae
188:magistri militum praesentales
734:Ancient Roman murder victims
703:30, (1981) pp. 351–382.
219:comes rei militis Heraclius
780:
239:magister militum Dalmatiae
184:magister utriusque militum
164:magister militum Dalmatiae
759:Dalmatia (Roman province)
377:
372:
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410:Damascius, fragments 158
667:O'Flynn, John Michael.
724:Ancient Roman generals
618:Sidonius Apollinaris,
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121:
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764:Late-Roman-era pagans
664:Vol. II A.D. 395–527)
325:coniuratio Marcellana
318:Coniuratio Marcellana
252:
110:
22:
739:Western Roman Empire
368:Position established
357:Vandal War (461-468)
255:historical reenactor
90:Eastern Roman Empire
36:Western Roman Empire
710:7 pp. 597–627.
687:Late Roman Warlords
70:comes rei militaris
749:5th-century Romans
685:MacGeorge, Penny,
293:(near present-day
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231:Battle of Cape Bon
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25:
387:
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378:Succeeded by
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729:Magistri militum
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135:magister militum
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128:against the
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102:Julius Nepos
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576:Damascius,
567:II, pp. 777
526:II, pp 1288
444:, II pp 708
419:Damascius,
343:instead of
28:Marcellinus
744:468 deaths
718:Categories
651:References
492:II, pp 709
345:Marcellana
337:Marcellini
303:Srebrenica
286:Sava River
215:Basiliscus
58:soothsayer
620:Epistulae
605:O'Flynn,
555:, pp. 178
535:O'Flynn,
503:Chronicon
501:Hydatius
180:patrician
176:Anthemius
78:Anthemius
754:Patricii
701:Historia
635:, 7: 599
609:pp. 116.
596:pp. 357.
592:Wozniak,
351:See also
211:Sardinia
144:Hispania
118:Hispania
94:Aegidius
74:Majorian
32:Dalmatia
708:Francia
633:Francia
265:As the
172:comites
148:Ricimer
130:Vandals
98:Ricimer
48:Origins
34:in the
329:Avitus
305:) and
291:Salona
271:Salona
206:Africa
126:Sicily
660:II, (
622:III.6
580:, 91.
505:, 227
390:Notes
295:Split
223:Egypt
200:Death
156:Leo I
54:pagan
658:PLRE
565:PLRE
524:PLRE
490:PLRE
454:PLRE
442:PLRE
423:, 91
307:iron
299:lead
225:and
152:Huns
116:and
114:Gaul
76:and
43:Life
720::
585:^
544:^
473:^
339:,
253:A
104:.
80:.
120:.
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