1047:
1060:
1382:
1245:
1188:
49:
644:
1261:, finishing 5th out of 7 candidates. In that same year Marcos Jr. ran in a much smaller local election rather than a national race, easily regaining the family's traditional post of Congressman for the Second District of Ilocos Norte. Since then, Imelda, Ferdinand Jr., and Imee Marcos have run for numerous posts, alternatingly winning posts including the house seat for the Second District of Ilocos Norte, the house seat for the Second District of Ilocos Norte, the governorship of Ilocos Norte.
172:
656:
1569:
Sydney and Port
Douglas, a commercial photographer, a successful residential property developer and dedicated equestrian; having competed in eventing, namely dressage and showjumping, around Australia and in England. Her mother Evelyn is the beneficiary of a foundation Marcos set up, according to documents on Swiss bank accounts holding funds stolen from the Philippine treasury.
637:
888:. After Ferdinand Marcos's 1989 death, the remaining members of the family were allowed to return to the Philippines to face various corruption charges in 1992. However, they were able to return to political power that same year, to the dismay of many Filipino people, with the election of Bongbong Marcos as congressman for the second district of Ilocos Norte.
1562:: Paolo, only male child among four offspring, was born to Rodolfo Pineda Bediones (from Roxas City, Capiz) and Maria Teresa Barba who separated when Paolo was still young. His mother Maria is the daughter of Fortuna Marcos-Barba (Paolo's maternal grandmother) who's the sister of the late President Ferdinand Marcos (Paolo's maternal granduncle)
1536:(1893-1988): born Josefa Quetulio Edralin to Don Fructuoso Edralin y Carpio and Doña Emerenciana Quetulio y Taganas; was a school teacher and widow of Mariano and mother to Ferdinand; reputed to have served as chairperson of the board of more than a dozen companies during Ferdinand's 20-year presidency; left behind by the Marcoses at the
1552:: The adopted daughter of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos. Known as "Little Aimee", treated as the couple's bunso (lastborn); the only member of the Marcos family to still be a minor when Martial Law was formally lifted in 1981, and when the Marcoses were deposed in 1986; drummer for indie band "The Dorques."
1206:
Fearful of a scenario in which Marcos's presence in the
Philippines would lead to a civil war, the Reagan administration withdrew its support for the Marcos government, and flew Marcos and a party of about 80 individualsâthe extended Marcos family and a number of close associatesâfrom the Philippines
999:
Mariano Marcos fought a highly contested election against
Nalundasan for the same seat in 1935, and Nalundasan won by a landslide. A day after his proclamation, Nalundasan mocked Marcos publicly, organizing a mock funeral parade that ended in front of the Marcos house to show that Mariano's political
1568:
Analisa Josefa
Hegyesi Corr: The Australian-raised daughter of Ferdinand Marcos and former Sydney model, Evelin Hegyesi. Her second given name was taken after her grandmother, Ferdinand's mother, Josefa Edralin. Analisa is an accomplished interior designer; completing projects in London, Singapore,
858:
Imee Marcos has attributed the continued reign of the Marcos family to the inherent feudalism of
Philippine culture. Although nominally democratic, Philippine society effectively blocks individual Philippine citizens from having much political power, forcing them to be dependent on powerful figures
1462:
Imee Marcos: Assemblyman from Ilocos Norte (1984â1986); member of the
Philippine House of Representatives from the second district of Ilocos Norte (1998â2007); governor of Ilocos Norte (2010â2019); member of the Philippine Senate (2019âpresent). A US court ruled in 1991 that Imee Marcos was liable
1357:
Some historiographers such as
Filomeno Aguilar Jr. attribute the rise of Marcos revisionism to the lack of comprehensive, in-depth scholarly work on the history of the Marcos family and of Martial Law. While there is a significant body of scholarly literature on these subjects, it mostly takes the
1115:
Student protesters at the
University of the Philippines commandeered the campus radio station and broadcast a looped tape; soon the entire nation was listening in astonishment to President Marcos begging Dovie Beams to perform oral sex. For over a week the President's hoarse injunctions boomed out
990:
Mariano Marcos became a prominent member of the house, serving as chair of the house committee on ways and means and member of the committees on public instruction, public works, public estate, and mines and natural resources. In the election of 1932, however, he ran against Emilio Medina of Laoag
1170:
given to her by
Ferdinand Marcos. Fortuna owned four undeveloped lots in the fashionable April Sound subdivision on Lake Conroe in the United States. The lots were suspected of being purchased with money stolen from the Philippine treasury. Fortuna Barba was the last surviving sister of Ferdinand
1037:
Mariano Marcos was executed in the closing days of the war, on March 8, 1945. The Marcos family's account claims that he was executed by the
Japanese, but other eyewitness accounts say that he was caught by Philippine guerillas, tried as a Japanese collaborator, and executed through dismemberment
1555:
Andres Avelino Marcos Barba: Son of Col. Marcelino Barba and Fortuna Edralin Marcos, sister of Ferdinand Marcos. Avelino Barba's bodyguard allegedly shot and killed 17-year old Apolinario Buendia while Avelino Barba allegedly shot Buendia's parents during a fight over a girls volleyball match in
1003:
On that same night, Nalundasan was shot dead by a sniper when he stepped out onto his back porch to brush his teeth. Mariano Marcos, his brother Pio, his son Ferdinand, and his brother-in-law Quirino Lizardo all became suspects. Mariano and Pio were cleared of the crime, but Ferdinand Marcos and
1139:
Imelda Marcos held the position until the Marcos family was deposed in 1986, and would later be concurrently appointed to the Marcos cabinet as Minister of Human Settlements from 1978 to 1986. In addition, she was elected as Assemblyman for Region IV-A to the Batasan Pambansa from 1978 to 1984.
874:
from the Philippines in 1986, explicitly prohibits the perpetuation of political dynasties, little legislation has since been put in place to enforce the provision. The prominence of the Marcos family in Philippine politics has been stopped twice. The first came with the victory of
879:
over Mariano Marcos and the subsequent arrest of Ferdinand Marcos for his murder, the publicity for which brought Ferdinand Marcos to the national consciousness and eventually led to his rise to power. The second was when the Marcos dictatorship was deposed by the 1986
1417:: Vice governor of Ilocos Norte (1980â1983); governor of Ilocos Norte (1983â1986); member of the Philippine House of Representatives from Ilocos Norte's Second District (1992â1995); governor of Ilocos Norte (1998â2007); Senator of the Philippines (2010â2016);
1046:
1438:; member of the Philippine House of Representatives from Leyte's First District (1995â1998); member of the Philippine House of Representatives from Ilocos Norte's Second District (2010â2016). She was convicted of 7 counts of graft and corruption by the
1178:
remains alive. He was placed in charge of Medicare, which collects compulsory insurance contributions from Philippine workers. By 1979, he also controlled at least 14 private corporations involved in mining, coconut refining, and management consulting.
1525:
1059:
1100:
Ferdinand Marcos's political prominence would pave the way for other members of the Marcos family to be appointed or elected to various national elections - what would eventually become known as the Marcos dynasty.
1007:
Aware of the publicity he could get out of the national coverage of the trial, Ferdinand represented himself before the court, with the lawyers hired by the family for the trial guiding him in his legal arguments.
420:
1385:
Imelda Marcos at a food doleout event during the waning days of the Marcos dictatorship. Although this took place at a government event, the text of the sign reads: "offered by President Ferdinand Marcos."
3355:
3022:
1353:
the myth that the children of Ferdinand Marcos, who reached the age of the majority a few years after the declaration of martial lawâwere too young to know about the abuses of the martial law era.
2896:
1770:
1310:
863:". Sandro Marcos, the most politically prominent of the fourth generation of Marcoses, has argued that political dynasties are simply a "natural progression" for members of powerful families.
415:
3433:
1074:
Ferdinand Marcos's rise to power was dramatic. He served three terms in Mariano's own former position as the Philippine House of Representatives as the Congressman for the second district of
3303:
375:
1236:
eventually allowed the members of the Marcos family to return to the Philippines after the death of Ferdinand Marcos, supposedly so that they could face various corruption charges.
987:
in 1925, although his father Fabian Marcos also served in local politics, as gobernadorcillo (the equivalent of today's mayor) of Batac in the days after the Philippine Revolution.
608:
425:
1124:
reacted to the humiliation by aggressively pursuing government positions. This was later confirmed by Economic Planning Minister Gerardo Sicat in his biography of Prime Minister
2418:
1589:
455:
1113:. When Marcos got tired of the dalliance in early 1970 and broke up with Beams, the actress released sex tapes of herself and President Marcos. Author Seagrave recounts that:
241:
1381:
2988:
1244:
687:
2925:
1306:
312:
2969:
2704:
2263:
1293:
583:
284:
3459:
2973:
1276:. Following his defeat, he filed an electoral protest, which was dismissed in 2021 following a recount that had begun since 2018. He later ran for President in the
2809:
1163:
with business concessions. He gave relatives government-related jobs, often putting them in charge of agencies or government-owned corporations with cash incomes.
1148:
Ferdinand's sister Elizabeth Marcos-Keon became governor of Ilocos Norte from 1971 to 1983. The Marcos couple's firstborn, Imee Marcos, was appointed chair of the
3572:
3095:
370:
266:
1167:
246:
2776:
2644:
1579:
435:
3328:
3495:
1594:
1298:
Historians, journalists, other observers of Philippine politics have noted that the political rehabilitation of the Marcoses has been made possible through "
1318:
430:
325:
2955:
3018:
1326:
548:
302:
2666:
2552:
2367:
1187:
2878:
2832:
2035:
407:
236:
48:
3251:
2892:
1050:
Ferdinand Marcos at a 1980s press conference, where he denied rumors that he was sick; he turned out to be suffering from complications due to lupus.
1079:
3224:
2591:
2518:
541:
475:
332:
2278:
950:
announced his candidacy for President of the Philippines, promising unity and recovery, despite intense opposition due to his family's history.
3037:
2940:
1367:
680:
460:
297:
2727:
1906:
1022:
The trial, and the overturning of the conviction turned Ferdinand Marcos into the "most famous young man in the islands", with then-President
3003:
1918:
1883:
1810:
1660:
1486:
1435:
1418:
1401:
1397:
1277:
1266:
1258:
1083:
954:
470:
320:
292:
1604:
1090:
867:
1434:): Governor of Metropolitan Manila (1975â1986); Mambabatas Pambansa from Region IV-A (1978â1984); unsuccessful candidate for President in
2154:
2750:
980:
465:
211:
2863:
2073:
979:
The Marcos political dynasty is generally acknowledged to have been founded when Mariano Marcos y Rubio (1897â1945) was elected to the
3373:
3199:
2334:
1094:
832:
357:
2422:
3071:
2239:
2164:
2134:
1824:
1684:
1270:
913:
785:
739:
673:
1078:, from 1949 to 1959. Between 1959 and 1965, he served in the Philippine Senate, where he became Senate President until he won the
1067:
Because the Nalundasan murder trial resulting drew wide public attention in the years immediately prior to the war, Mariano's son
3147:
3113:
1012:
891:
At least one other branch of the family, that of Ferdinand Sr.'s sister Elizabeth Marcos-Keon, is also in politics, with her son
1840:
1343:
the myth that the Marcos period was a "golden age" rather than a period of debt-driven growth and corruption-triggered collapse;
2100:
932:
925:
902:
1707:
2474:
1778:
1651:
229:
2693:
928:. The protest and recount took 5 years, until in 2021 the Supreme Court junked the electoral protest for lack of evidence.
1479:
Angelo Marcos Barba: Member of the Philippines House of Representatives from Ilocos Norte's Second District (2019âpresent).
1449:
1196:
848:
1997:
1442:
anti-graft court on November 9, 2018. The word "Imeldific" was coined to describe her extravagance, greed, and frivolity.
1421:
1404:
1347:
1200:
1086:
881:
824:
643:
70:
1314:
1011:
Ferdinand initially lost the case and he and Lizardo were convicted. Public interest in the case, however, led to the
598:
251:
3483:
3304:"OPINION: Imee Marcos told US court â yes, Archimedes Trajano was tortured and killed but it's none of your business"
2784:
2633:
1302:"âa systematic effort to revise the public's perception of the history of martial law and the Marcos administration.
2180:
3510:
1634:
1322:
1019:
arguing that it would have been a waste for someone with Ferdinand's legal talents to merely rot in a prison cell.
905:, placing 7th place. The win was the first time a Marcos won a national position since the family's exile in 1986.
578:
447:
402:
1936:
3582:
3356:"Beyond the Marcos name: Matthew Manotoc on his budding political career, promoting Philippine basketball talent"
2699:
1960:
1638:
1337:
940:
660:
991:
and Julio Nalundasan of Batac. With the Batac vote split between him and Nalundasan, Medina won the house seat.
1152:
from 1975 to 1986, and was assemblyman to the Batasang Pambansa for Ilocos Norte from 1984 to 1986. Secondborn
1133:
588:
2309:
2062:
3172:
2540:
2445:
1732:
1156:
become vice governor of Ilocos Norte from 1980 to 1983 and governor of that same province from 1983 to 1986.
2840:
1565:
Fernando Martin "Borgy" Marcos Manotoc: The son of Imee Marcos-Manotoc, a commercial model and entrepreneur.
1537:
1129:
958:
871:
480:
392:
1026:
arranging to meet the boy and suggesting that he use the newfound popularity to enter Philippine politics.
3587:
3567:
1512:
1333:
1248:
Imee Marcos with her father Ferdinand some time during the latter's 21-year reign as Philippine president.
1089:, staying in the position for 21 years despite the eight year (two four year terms) limitation set by the
145:
2575:
2502:
1515:: Senior Board Member, 2nd District of Ilocos Norte (2016â2019); governor of Ilocos Norte (2019âpresent)
3577:
1533:
1445:
1408:
1211:
622:
365:
342:
271:
1979:
1955:
3536:
1136:
was a direct result of Marcos attempting to placate his wife's tantrums after the Dovie Beams affair.
1875:
1543:
1299:
128:
1476:: Member of the Philippine House of Representatives from Ilocos Norte's Second District (1925â1931).
1214:
at the expense of the US Government. A month later, the Marcoses moved into a pair of residences in
2185:
1502:
892:
337:
256:
154:
141:
77:
2393:
1528:
Josefa Edralin Marcos, widow to Mariano Marcos and mother to former President Ferdinand Marcos Sr.
3089:
2963:
2893:"CHR Statement on the Burial of the Remains of Ferdinand E. Marcos at the Libingan ng Mga Bayani"
2257:
1816:
1599:
1149:
603:
387:
1546:: The third of the Marcos siblings and the last biological child of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos.
1207:
to Hawaii. All the Marcos childrenâImee, Marcos Jr., Irene, and young Aimeeâwere on the flight.
3381:
3121:
3077:
3067:
2583:
2510:
2480:
2470:
2342:
2245:
2235:
2160:
2130:
2018:
1879:
1820:
1784:
1774:
1680:
1656:
1609:
1281:
1257:
Within a year of returning to the Philippines, Imelda Marcos was running for president in the
1226:
1029:
Before that could happen, however, the Marcoses were overtaken by the events of World War II.
808:
216:
2548:
1868:
1614:
1584:
1390:
1068:
1023:
936:
876:
820:
800:
795:
756:
750:
713:
571:
221:
206:
188:
171:
111:
40:
1505:: Board Member of Ilocos Norte (2004â2007); governor of Ilocos Norte (2007â2010); mayor of
1411:" that stole up to an estimated $ 10 billion to finance the couple's extravagant lifestyle.
3019:"Historian calls for 'nuanced' scholarly study of Marcos regime to fight false narratives"
2614:
2041:
1414:
1262:
1175:
1166:
Fortuna Marcos Barba and her husband Marcelino Barba are said to have made a fortune from
1153:
947:
909:
898:
852:
707:
628:
553:
515:
503:
120:
73:
58:
2956:"Duterte harks back to bad old Marcos days in the Philippines, leaving investors on edge"
2911:
3407:
2639:
1559:
1473:
1431:
1233:
1223:
1215:
1016:
812:
497:
137:
2232:
Cesar Virata : life and times through four decades of Philippine economic history
1265:
became a Senator from 2010 to 2016, and ran for the post of Vice President during the
3561:
3276:
2150:
1703:
1482:
1439:
1427:
1121:
917:
844:
836:
815:
to the Philippine House of Representatives as congressman for the second district of
558:
509:
276:
149:
115:
66:
62:
3535:
Del Mundo, Larah Vinda; Reyes, Miguel Paolo P.; Ariate Jr, Joel F. (April 1, 2023).
2084:
1549:
1394:
1273:
1125:
1075:
984:
921:
828:
816:
807:. They have established themselves in the country's politics, having established a
563:
533:
527:
261:
132:
101:
81:
2989:"Martial Law films only a threat to those who want to hide past crimes â Bantayog"
1199:
in 1983, the Marcos family was removed from power by civilian protests during the
1407:(1965â1986). The rule of Ferdinand Marcos and his wife Imelda has been called a "
1063:
The Marcos family during the 1969 inauguration of then-President Ferdinand Marcos
1646:
1642:
1110:
840:
804:
593:
521:
397:
347:
124:
54:
1812:
Ferdinand Marcos and the Philippines: The Political Economy of Authoritarianism
1284:
over Robredo, marking the return of the Marcoses in the office after 36 years.
957:
and was sworn in on June 30, 2022, 36 years after his family was exiled by the
895:
having been elected board member in 2004 and governor of Ilocos Norte in 2007.
1329:
say that the Marcos revisionist techniques or narratives perpetuated include:
17:
3385:
3125:
3081:
2694:"PET dismisses Marcos poll protest vs Robredo, stresses 'entire' case junked"
2587:
2514:
2346:
2249:
2484:
1841:"Enough to govern? Second Marcos president puts his 'faith in the Filipino'"
1788:
1524:
1305:
Philippine government, civil society, and academic institutions such as the
1294:
Historical distortion regarding Ferdinand Marcos § Historical denialism
1071:
was in an ideal political position to enter politics in the postwar years.
3038:"Shoes, Jewels, and Monets: The Immense Ill-Gotten Wealth of Imelda Marcos"
1109:
Some time in 1968, Ferdinand Marcos began an affair with Nashville actress
1358:
form of collections of papers, rather than comprehensive scholarly works.
835:
throughout the country; and continues today with the political careers of
3004:"No 'Martial Law' babies: Imee, Bongbong held key posts under dad's rule"
2667:"Anti-Corruption Campaigner and General Lead in Early Philippine Returns"
1870:
Imagined communities: reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism
1767:
Dictatorship & martial law : Philippine authoritarianism in 1972
1485:: Member of the Philippines House of Representatives from Ilocos Norte's
1371:
1219:
1160:
860:
382:
3252:"How Imee Marcos got away from paying $ 4M in damages for Trajano death"
3329:"Sandro Marcos on tweet, invalid presidential vote: We all make errors"
2941:"Lack of reckoning fueling Martial Law revisionism: human rights chief"
636:
1191:
Ferdinand Marcos campaigning for president in the 1986 Snap elections.
1183:
The People Power Revolution, and the exile of the Marcoses (1986â1991)
2202:
Kasaysayan, The Story of the Filipino People Volume 9:A Nation Reborn
885:
3148:"Imelda Marcos guilty of 7 counts of graft; court orders her arrest"
2926:"Eyes Wide Open While Some Media Turn a Blind Eye to Marcos History"
2469:. Manila, Philippines: Foundation for Worldwide People Power. 1995.
1132:
and the appointment of Imelda Marcos as its head in the position of
2368:"A sister of deposed Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos owns..."
2036:"Marcos camp's conspiracy claim laughable, Robredo spokesman says"
1523:
1506:
1380:
1243:
1186:
1058:
1045:
2912:"Revisiting Martial law horrors, PCGG launches caravan for youth"
2770:
2768:
2200:
Magno, Alexander R., ed. (1998). "Democracy at the Crossroads".
2810:"EDSA People Power: Inadequate Challenge to Marcos Revisionism"
2503:"Speculation Grows: Marcos May Stay at Luxurious Hawaii Estate"
1998:"Timeline of Marcos family's political comeback in Philippines"
1340:
of the tortures and murders that took place during martial law;
1042:
Ferdinand Marcos and the rise of the Marcos dynasty (1949â1986)
1015:
eventually overthrowing the conviction, with Associate Justice
3496:"Daughter of Ferdinand Marcos flies under the radar in Sydney"
1771:
University of the Philippines College of Public Administration
3434:"Officials Said to Aid Nephew of Marcos In Shooting Incident"
2812:. Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility. March 10, 2016
2234:. Diliman, Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press.
774:
3114:"The $ 10bn question: what happened to the Marcos millions?"
2446:"Last Waltz at the Palace: The Untold Story of People Power"
722:
3225:"Surprising Origins of Words and Phrases You've Been Using"
1499:
Elizabeth Marcos-Keon: Governor of Ilocos Norte (1971â1983)
1311:
University of the Philippines Diliman Department of History
762:
84:
during the inauguration of Bongbong Marcos on June 30, 2022
2156:
Lapham's Raiders: Guerrillas in the Philippines, 1942â1945
1655:(18th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 305.
1540:
when they fled the country in February 1986; Died in 1988.
1400:(1949â1959); member of the Philippine Senate (1959â1965);
1195:
As a result of the economic collapse brought about by the
1105:
Dovie Beams and the expansion of the Conjugal Dictatorship
728:
3374:"Marcos's Mother, and Her Hospital Bill, Are Left Behind"
2864:"NHCP objects to Marcos burial at Libingan ng mga Bayani"
2751:"Philippines Congress proclaims Marcos as next president"
2335:"Marcos's Mother, and Her Hospital Bill, Are Left Behind"
1973:
1971:
1393:: Member of the Philippine House of Representatives from
1120:
Historians note that Ferdinand Marcos's president's wife
953:
Despite his father's reputation, Bongbong Marcos won the
53:
From left to right: Simon Marcos, Borgy Manotoc, Senator
3064:
The conjugal dictatorship of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos
2728:"Marcos officially declared Philippines' next president"
2029:
2027:
1919:
Cacique Democracy in the Philippines: Origins and Dreams
2496:
2494:
1698:
1696:
3511:"Ferdinand Marcos' Aussie daughter axed from TV show"
3432:
Mathews, Jay; Wideman, Bernard (September 19, 1978).
2879:"Ateneo releases statement on historical revisionism"
2461:
2459:
2419:"Last living sibling of former president Marcos dies"
2094:
2092:
786:
777:
771:
765:
759:
740:
731:
725:
1590:
Implementation of Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos
1253:
Political offices after returning to the Philippines
3200:"Imelda Marcos found guilty of graft, faces arrest"
3173:"Imelda Marcos found guilty of graft, faces arrest"
1677:
The New Websters Dictionary of the English Language
916:, placing second place, losing by a slim margin to
811:that traces its beginnings to the 1925 election of
719:
716:
107:
97:
89:
34:
1867:
1346:the myth that all the victims of martial law were
2777:"UP faculty vows to fight historical revisionism"
1307:National Historical Commission of the Philippines
975:The Second Congressional District of Ilocos Norte
939:, also the governor of Ilocos Norte, ran for the
1760:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1679:. Lexicon Publications, Inc. 1994. p. 609.
859:that social scientists have called "bosses" or "
2804:
2802:
2775:Hernando-Malipot, Merlina (September 7, 2018).
2213:
2211:
2101:"Murder most foul: Marcos' youthful exuberance"
2394:"Fortuna Barba, youngest Marcos sibling, dies"
1128:, where he recounted that the creation of the
819:; reached its peak during the 21-year rule of
2279:"Bongbong Marcos hits nepotism in government"
2204:. Hong Kong: Asia Publishing Company Limited.
1580:List of political families in the Philippines
681:
8:
2968:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2576:"Marcos Party Reaches Hawaii in Somber Mood"
2262:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2225:
2223:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1595:Philippine Constitutional Convention of 1971
1463:for the death of student Archimedes Trajano.
970:Beginnings of the Marcos dynasty (1925â1945)
847:and reached a fresh political apex with the
3036:Traywick, Catherine A. (January 16, 2014).
1937:"Marcos son: Political dynasties 'natural'"
1319:Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility
3094:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2972:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2939:Esguerra, Christian (September 28, 2018).
2127:Imelda: Steel Butterfly of the Philippines
1327:Presidential Commission on Good Government
983:as congressman for the second district of
688:
674:
162:
47:
3484:Paolo Bediones: Home Alone | Philstar.com
2692:Torres-Tupas, Tetch (February 16, 2021).
2467:Duet for EDSA: Chronology of a Revolution
1708:"What is wrong with political dynasties?"
3406:Maceda Aguila, Kap (November 25, 2006).
3198:Marcelo, Elizabeth (November 10, 2018).
3025:from the original on September 20, 2019.
2831:de Ynchausti, Nik (September 23, 2016).
2000:. Agence France-Presse. November 8, 2016
1652:Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary
1080:Philippine Presidential Election of 1965
3537:"Marcos Sr. and the April Fools affair"
3354:Oriel, Christina M. (August 25, 2018).
3002:Punzalan, Jamaine (November 22, 2016).
2521:from the original on September 21, 2015
1626:
1483:Ferdinand Alexander "Sandro" Marcos III
165:
3087:
2961:
2954:Pesek, Williamdate=September 7, 2017.
2899:from the original on October 26, 2019.
2833:"Why has Marcos' propaganda lived on?"
2707:from the original on February 16, 2021
2647:from the original on December 12, 2009
2634:"Imelda Marcos Returns to Philippines"
2255:
2153:, Bernard Norling (December 6, 2013).
2021:, Manila Standard Today, May 19, 2007.
1980:"The curse called 'Political Dynasty'"
1368:Political dynasties in the Philippines
1171:Marcos until her death in March 2018.
870:, promulgated after the Marcoses were
31:
3573:Political families of the Philippines
3107:
3105:
2749:Morales, Neil Jerome (May 25, 2022).
2594:from the original on October 22, 2015
2444:Yabes, Criselda (February 24, 2016).
2303:
2301:
2299:
2019:Michael Keon: From sports to politics
1954:Beja, Edsel L Jr. (August 17, 2015).
1278:2022 Philippine presidential election
1267:2016 Philippine presidential election
1259:1992 Philippine presidential election
1240:Return of the Marcoses (1991âpresent)
1229:and Bienvenido and Gliceria Tantoco.
955:2022 Philippine presidential election
935:, Imee Marcos the eldest daughter of
794:
7:
3302:Robles, RaĂŻssa (November 16, 2016).
1978:Fernandez, Erwin S. (July 9, 2014).
1605:1987 Constitution of the Philippines
1091:1935 Constitution of the Philippines
3460:"Shooting Shows Privileges of Rank"
3458:Wideman, Bernard (August 4, 1978).
2877:Jesena, Stephanie (March 2, 2016).
2574:HOLLEY, DAVID (February 27, 1986).
2501:HOLLEY, DAVID (February 28, 1986).
2217:Seagrave, The Marcos Dynasty, 1988.
1956:"Proscribing the Political Dynasty"
1905:Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson,
1866:Anderson, Benedict R. O'G. (1991).
981:Philippine House of Representatives
868:the current Philippine constitution
466:Assassination of Benigno Aquino Jr.
3017:Ranada, Pia (September 20, 2016).
2099:Gomez, Buddy (September 9, 2015).
1325:, and the Philippine government's
924:. Marcos filed a protest with the
914:Vice Presidency of the Philippines
866:Although Article II Section 26 of
831:beginning with the declaration of
25:
3250:Buan, Lian (September 21, 2018).
2987:Roxas, Joseph (October 4, 2018).
2910:Ignacio, Daisy (April 15, 2016).
2862:Bueza, Michael (August 6, 2016).
2632:Mydans, Seth (November 4, 1991).
2555:from the original on May 24, 2015
2308:Crewdson, John (March 23, 1986).
2125:Ellison, Katherine (April 2005).
2034:Murallo, Audrey (July 28, 2017).
2277:Pasion, Patty (April 19, 2016).
2159:. University Press of Kentucky.
1013:Supreme Court of the Philippines
755:
712:
655:
654:
642:
635:
179:This article is part of a series
170:
3146:Buan, Lian (November 9, 2018).
2726:Verizon, Cliff (May 25, 2022).
2613:Dunne, Dominick (August 1986).
1159:Ferdinand Marcos was known for
1033:The execution of Mariano Marcos
1004:Quirino Lizardo were arrested.
933:2019 Philippine Senate election
926:Presidential Electoral Tribunal
903:2010 Philippine Senate election
3509:Malig, Jojo (March 31, 2011).
2541:"The Marcos Party In Honolulu"
2181:"File No. 60: A family affair"
1350:or communist sympathizers; and
1168:government logging concessions
995:The murder of Julio Nalundasan
564:Tallano gold conspiracy theory
1:
1450:First Lady of the Philippines
1288:Marcos historical revisionism
1197:assassination of Ninoy Aquino
1116:over university loudspeakers.
1093:by placing the country under
884:and the family was exiled to
3112:Davies, Nick (May 7, 2016).
2837:Esquire Magazine Philippines
1935:Chua, Ryan (June 22, 2015).
1769:. Quezon City, Philippines:
1765:Brillantes, Alex B. (1987).
1422:president of the Philippines
1405:president of the Philippines
1201:1986 People Power Revolution
1087:president of the Philippines
1055:The rise of Ferdinand Marcos
882:EDSA People Power Revolution
825:president of the Philippines
787:-kohss, -kawss
456:1981 election and referendum
3062:Mijares, Primitivo (1976).
2392:Rey, Aika (March 3, 2018).
2230:P., Sicat, Gerardo (2014).
1448:: wife of Bongbong Marcos;
1315:Ateneo de Manila University
1222:, which were registered to
599:Marcos Japanese ODA scandal
3604:
1874:. London: Verso. pp.
1809:Celoza, Albert F. (1997).
1365:
1323:Commission on Human Rights
1291:
827:that included his 14-year
403:Bataan Nuclear Power Plant
303:balance of payments crisis
2700:Philippine Daily Inquirer
2310:"Marcos Graft Staggering"
1961:Philippine Daily Inquirer
1556:Makati City in July 1978.
941:Senate of the Philippines
46:
39:
27:Filipino political family
1925:, I (169), MayâJune 1988
1362:Political positions held
1134:governor of Metro Manila
57:, Ilocos Norte Governor
1733:"A dynasty on steroids"
1538:Philippine Heart Center
1520:Other prominent members
1269:, but narrowly lost to
1161:favoring family members
1130:Metro Manila Commission
959:People Power Revolution
481:People Power Revolution
393:Chico River Dam Project
1529:
1513:Matthew Marcos Manotoc
1386:
1377:Presidents and spouses
1249:
1192:
1064:
1051:
943:and won, placing 8th.
448:Third and fourth terms
146:Matthew Marcos Manotoc
2895:. November 18, 2016.
2843:on September 27, 2016
2787:on September 24, 2018
2421:. CNN. Archived from
1737:Sydney Morning Herald
1534:Josefa Edralin Marcos
1527:
1468:House Representatives
1446:Louise Araneta-Marcos
1409:conjugal dictatorship
1384:
1366:Further information:
1247:
1212:Hickam Air Force Base
1210:The exiles stayed at
1190:
1062:
1049:
623:Conjugal dictatorship
584:Historical distortion
549:Overseas landholdings
366:Proclamation No. 1081
343:Plaza Miranda bombing
155:Louise Araneta-Marcos
1917:Benedict Anderson, '
1544:Irene Marcos-Araneta
1038:using two carabaos.
272:Communist insurgency
129:Irene Marcos-Araneta
3412:The Philippine Star
3066:(1976 ed.). .
2425:on February 1, 2019
2186:The Philippine STAR
1739:. November 23, 2012
1706:(October 1, 2012).
1503:Michael Marcos Keon
1000:career was "dead".
901:ran and won in the
893:Michael Marcos Keon
371:Human rights abuses
338:First Quarter Storm
257:Coco Levy Fund scam
237:Cult of personality
142:Michael Marcos Keon
125:Imee Marcos-Manotoc
80:, Vinny Marcos and
78:Liza Araneta Marcos
3380:. March 30, 1986.
3378:The New York Times
3231:. February 2, 2018
3179:. November 9, 2018
2671:The New York Times
2551:. March 11, 1986.
2545:The New York Times
2341:. March 30, 1986.
2339:The New York Times
2075:, October 6. 2021.
1907:Cacique Democracy'
1817:Praeger Publishers
1649:(eds.). "Marcos".
1600:Archimedes Trajano
1530:
1387:
1300:Marcos revisionism
1250:
1193:
1150:Kabataang Barangay
1144:The other Marcoses
1065:
1052:
604:Operation Big Bird
542:Unexplained wealth
388:Escalante Massacre
2615:"Imelda in Exile"
2580:Los Angeles Times
2507:Los Angeles Times
1885:978-0-86091-546-1
1662:978-0-521-15255-6
1610:Cacique democracy
1321:, the Philippine
1227:Antonio Floirendo
1174:Only his brother
809:political dynasty
796:[ËmaÉŸkÉs]
698:
697:
217:Stonehill scandal
199:
198:
161:
160:
16:(Redirected from
3595:
3583:Ferdinand Marcos
3552:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3492:
3486:
3481:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3470:
3455:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3444:
3429:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3418:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3392:
3370:
3364:
3363:
3351:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3325:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3299:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3277:"She lies again"
3273:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3229:Esquire Magazine
3221:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3210:
3195:
3189:
3188:
3186:
3184:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3143:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3109:
3100:
3099:
3093:
3085:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3014:
3008:
3007:
2999:
2993:
2992:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2967:
2959:
2951:
2945:
2944:
2936:
2930:
2929:
2922:
2916:
2915:
2907:
2901:
2900:
2889:
2883:
2882:
2874:
2868:
2867:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2839:. Archived from
2828:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2806:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2783:. Archived from
2772:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2746:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2735:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2689:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2610:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2599:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2549:Associated Press
2537:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2498:
2489:
2488:
2463:
2454:
2453:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2415:
2409:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2378:
2373:. March 19, 1986
2364:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2331:
2325:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2305:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2261:
2253:
2227:
2218:
2215:
2206:
2205:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2177:
2171:
2170:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2122:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2096:
2087:
2082:
2076:
2071:
2065:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2031:
2022:
2016:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2005:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1975:
1966:
1965:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1932:
1926:
1915:
1909:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1873:
1863:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1806:
1793:
1792:
1762:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1700:
1691:
1690:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1631:
1615:Martin Romualdez
1585:Julio Nalundasan
1391:Ferdinand Marcos
1024:Manuel L. Quezon
937:Ferdinand Marcos
877:Julio Nalundasan
821:Ferdinand Marcos
801:political family
798:
793:
784:
783:
780:
779:
776:
773:
768:
767:
764:
761:
754:
743:
738:
737:
734:
733:
730:
727:
724:
721:
718:
711:
690:
683:
676:
663:
658:
657:
646:
639:
476:4th inauguration
461:3rd inauguration
333:2nd Inauguration
298:1st Inauguration
195:
194:
193:
191:
190:Ferdinand Marcos
183:
182:
174:
167:
166:
163:
112:Ferdinand Marcos
51:
41:Political family
32:
21:
3603:
3602:
3598:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3592:
3558:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3545:
3543:
3534:
3533:
3529:
3519:
3517:
3508:
3507:
3503:
3498:. May 20, 2022.
3494:
3493:
3489:
3482:
3478:
3468:
3466:
3464:Washington Post
3457:
3456:
3452:
3442:
3440:
3438:Washington Post
3431:
3430:
3426:
3416:
3414:
3408:"Chasing Aimee"
3405:
3404:
3400:
3390:
3388:
3372:
3371:
3367:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3338:
3336:
3327:
3326:
3322:
3312:
3310:
3301:
3300:
3296:
3286:
3284:
3275:
3274:
3270:
3260:
3258:
3249:
3248:
3244:
3234:
3232:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3208:
3206:
3197:
3196:
3192:
3182:
3180:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3156:
3154:
3145:
3144:
3140:
3130:
3128:
3111:
3110:
3103:
3086:
3074:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3046:
3044:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2960:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2928:. July 4, 2018.
2924:
2923:
2919:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2891:
2890:
2886:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2861:
2860:
2856:
2846:
2844:
2830:
2829:
2825:
2815:
2813:
2808:
2807:
2800:
2790:
2788:
2781:Manila Bulletin
2774:
2773:
2766:
2756:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2733:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2720:
2710:
2708:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2676:
2674:
2665:
2664:
2660:
2650:
2648:
2631:
2630:
2626:
2612:
2611:
2607:
2597:
2595:
2573:
2572:
2568:
2558:
2556:
2539:
2538:
2534:
2524:
2522:
2500:
2499:
2492:
2477:
2465:
2464:
2457:
2450:Rogue Media Inc
2443:
2442:
2438:
2428:
2426:
2417:
2416:
2412:
2402:
2400:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2376:
2374:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2351:
2349:
2333:
2332:
2328:
2318:
2316:
2314:Chicago Tribune
2307:
2306:
2297:
2287:
2285:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2254:
2242:
2229:
2228:
2221:
2216:
2209:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2167:
2149:
2148:
2144:
2137:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2109:
2107:
2098:
2097:
2090:
2086:, May 10. 2022.
2083:
2079:
2072:
2068:
2061:
2057:
2047:
2045:
2042:Philippine Star
2033:
2032:
2025:
2017:
2013:
2003:
2001:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1977:
1976:
1969:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1923:New Left Review
1916:
1912:
1904:
1900:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1850:
1848:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1827:
1808:
1807:
1796:
1781:
1764:
1763:
1752:
1742:
1740:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1716:
1714:
1712:GMA News Online
1702:
1701:
1694:
1687:
1675:
1674:
1670:
1663:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1623:
1576:
1522:
1496:
1489:(2022âpresent).
1470:
1459:
1415:Bongbong Marcos
1398:Second District
1379:
1374:
1364:
1296:
1290:
1263:Bongbong Marcos
1255:
1242:
1185:
1176:Pacifico Marcos
1154:Bongbong Marcos
1146:
1107:
1057:
1044:
1035:
997:
977:
972:
967:
948:Bongbong Marcos
946:After 6 years,
920:representative
908:6 years later,
899:Bongbong Marcos
853:Bongbong Marcos
791:
770:
758:
749:
748:
741:
715:
706:
705:
694:
653:
640:
633:
629:Edifice complex
613:
568:
554:Marcos mansions
487:
486:
485:
451:
443:
442:
361:
353:
352:
316:
308:
307:
288:
226:
212:Military career
189:
187:
186:
185:
184:
180:
178:
177:
153:
136:
121:Bongbong Marcos
119:
98:Place of origin
85:
74:Bongbong Marcos
59:Matthew Manotoc
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3601:
3599:
3591:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3560:
3559:
3554:
3553:
3527:
3501:
3487:
3476:
3450:
3424:
3398:
3365:
3346:
3335:. May 10, 2016
3320:
3294:
3283:. June 2, 2019
3268:
3242:
3216:
3190:
3164:
3138:
3101:
3072:
3054:
3042:Foreign Policy
3028:
3009:
2994:
2979:
2946:
2931:
2917:
2902:
2884:
2869:
2854:
2823:
2798:
2764:
2741:
2718:
2684:
2673:. May 13, 1992
2658:
2640:New York Times
2624:
2605:
2566:
2532:
2490:
2475:
2455:
2436:
2410:
2384:
2359:
2326:
2295:
2269:
2240:
2219:
2207:
2192:
2172:
2165:
2142:
2135:
2117:
2088:
2077:
2066:
2064:, May 14 2019.
2055:
2023:
2011:
1989:
1967:
1946:
1927:
1910:
1898:
1884:
1858:
1847:. June 1, 2022
1832:
1825:
1794:
1779:
1750:
1724:
1704:Curato, Nicole
1692:
1685:
1668:
1661:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1563:
1560:Paolo Bediones
1557:
1553:
1547:
1541:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1510:
1509:(2019âpresent)
1500:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1487:First District
1480:
1477:
1474:Mariano Marcos
1469:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1453:
1443:
1425:
1412:
1395:Ilocos Norte's
1378:
1375:
1363:
1360:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1344:
1341:
1292:Main article:
1289:
1286:
1271:Vice President
1254:
1251:
1241:
1238:
1234:Corazon Aquino
1224:Marcos cronies
1216:Makiki Heights
1184:
1181:
1145:
1142:
1106:
1103:
1082:to become the
1056:
1053:
1043:
1040:
1034:
1031:
1017:José P. Laurel
996:
993:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
813:Mariano Marcos
696:
695:
693:
692:
685:
678:
670:
667:
666:
665:
664:
648:
647:
632:
631:
626:
612:
611:
609:Marcos in film
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
567:
566:
561:
556:
551:
538:
537:
531:
525:
519:
513:
507:
501:
484:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
452:
445:
444:
441:
440:
439:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
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60:
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35:Marcos family
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19:
3578:Ilocos Norte
3544:. Retrieved
3540:
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3518:. Retrieved
3515:ABS-CBN News
3514:
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3467:. Retrieved
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3391:December 17,
3389:. Retrieved
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3308:ABS-CBN News
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3177:ABS-CBN News
3176:
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3129:. Retrieved
3118:The Guardian
3117:
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3045:. Retrieved
3041:
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2785:the original
2780:
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2014:
2004:September 1,
2002:. Retrieved
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1940:
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1891:September 5,
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1741:. Retrieved
1736:
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1717:September 1,
1715:. Retrieved
1711:
1676:
1671:
1650:
1647:Esling, John
1643:Setter, Jane
1639:Roach, Peter
1629:
1550:Aimee Marcos
1356:
1304:
1297:
1274:Leni Robredo
1256:
1231:
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1205:
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912:ran for the
907:
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133:Aimee Marcos
102:Ilocos Norte
82:Aimee Marcos
29:
2429:February 1,
1419:seventeenth
1338:downplaying
1111:Dovie Beams
1095:Martial Law
931:During the
841:Imee Marcos
833:Martial Law
805:Philippines
594:Solid North
431:Protest art
412:Resistance
398:Masagana 99
358:Martial law
348:Vietnam War
313:Second term
93:Philippines
55:Imee Marcos
3562:Categories
3541:Vera Files
2651:August 16,
2598:August 16,
2559:August 16,
2525:August 16,
2476:9719167009
1780:9718567011
1621:References
1348:communists
1232:President
849:presidency
536:(daughter)
530:(daughter)
524:(daughter)
421:Indigenous
408:Journalism
285:First term
247:Monopolies
230:Presidency
207:Early life
157:and others
3546:April 12,
3386:0362-4331
3235:August 5,
3131:August 5,
3126:0261-3077
3090:cite book
3082:971061147
3047:August 5,
2964:cite news
2753:. Reuters
2588:0458-3035
2515:0458-3035
2347:0362-4331
2258:cite book
2250:885027140
1494:Governors
1282:landslide
1097:in 1972.
1069:Ferdinand
910:Marcos Jr
506:(brother)
416:Religious
71:President
3281:Inquirer
3204:Philstar
3023:Archived
2897:Archived
2705:Archived
2645:Archived
2619:Vanities
2592:Archived
2553:Archived
2519:Archived
2485:45376088
2403:July 26,
2377:June 12,
2352:July 26,
2319:July 26,
2288:June 12,
1851:June 16,
1789:18045976
1637:(2011).
1574:See also
1457:Senators
1432:affinity
1372:Nepotism
1220:Honolulu
861:caciques
792:Tagalog:
661:Category
516:Bongbong
504:Pacifico
500:(father)
383:Rolex 12
326:campaign
267:Timeline
3469:June 7,
3443:June 7,
3333:Rappler
3256:Rappler
3152:Rappler
2757:May 26,
2734:May 26,
2398:Rappler
2283:Rappler
1984:Rappler
1845:Rappler
1452:(2022-)
1424:(2022-)
965:History
803:in the
799:) is a
616:Related
498:Mariano
426:Workers
376:Torture
252:Cronies
242:Economy
108:Members
90:Country
61:, Rep.
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572:Legacy
512:(wife)
510:Imelda
491:Family
1507:Laoag
1402:tenth
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744:-koss
534:Aimee
528:Irene
518:(son)
181:about
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3522:2021
3471:2021
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3393:2018
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2236:ISBN
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2006:2018
1893:2010
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1821:ISBN
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