477:"They are on the front line. It has always been like this in the Secondigliano clan, in the sense that women (wives, sisters and mothers of the leaders) have always had an influential role in many decisions. Maria Licciardi, Gennaro's sister is representative of this. She took orders to, and from her brother: she transmitted his orders and messages, even those of major importance. On more than one occasion, she transported his orders to kill. I don't recall the details, but I know that for our clan, talking with Maria Licciardi was the same as talking with Gennaro, the boss. I can add that the Secondigliano women took on all sorts of jobs on behalf of the alliance, they took messages to prisoners, distributed money to members, and organized activities, especially numbers running and extortion rackets. In other words, they constitute the backbone of the organization."
439:
Camorra would buy the girls from the
Albanian mafia for US$ 2,000. Many of them came on the promise of legitimate work in order to escape the crushing poverty of their homeland, but once they arrived, they were practically enslaved and forced into prostitution by the Camorra. Many such girls were underage. They were often put on drugs. This helped increase criminal activity, as they usually spent a large part of their income purchasing narcotics for consumption.
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538:, who had always chafed under her leadership, disagreed and packaged the shipment for sale on the street. The sale of the packets of unrefined heroin resulted in the deaths of many drug addicts across Naples, eleven of whom died in April 1999 alone. This caused great public outrage and resulted in massive police crackdowns on the Camorra clans. Many Camorristi were arrested and subsequently imprisoned.
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activities and also to stop any further prosecution of her clan members. However, the bombing did not stop Bobbio from continuing his investigations. On the contrary, he was put under police protection and continued his prosecutions against the clan undeterred. Over 70 members of the
Licciardi clan were arrested. They refused to cooperate with prosecutors and served their prison sentences.
570:
When the senior prosecutor Luigi Bobbio began making successful prosecutions against her clan, Licciardi felt that he was getting closer to discovering her whereabouts. In
January 2001, she bombed Bobbio's office building. The bombing was delivered as a warning to stop the investigation of her clan's
447:
Unlike many male
Camorristi, Licciardi shunned the limelight and was never convicted or even suspected of any crime. One well-connected insider described her as radiating a steely charisma. According to police sources, she was reputed to be practical, charming, exceptionally intelligent, but just as
438:
Licciardi introduced many revolutionary changes to the clan. Perhaps the most important among them was the involvement in the prostitution trade. Prior to this, the
Camorra had a code of conduct that forbade them from making money from prostitution. However, under Licciardi this code was broken. The
554:
Licciardi was added on the "30 most wanted
Italians" list and went into hiding. Thanks to a sophisticated network of protection set up by her clan, Licciardi was able to evade capture for two years and, despite having changed her refuge several times, never left the Masseria Cardone district. While
483:
Lucia
Licciardi, no relation to Maria, was the only journalist to get access to her inner circle. In an interview, she described her management style as follows: "She behaves just like the manager of a multinational. She always looks for a solution that's less likely to attract police attention and
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On 14 June 2001, Licciardi was arrested by the Naples police while traveling with a married couple on board a car around Melito, near Naples. She did not resist arrest, and was ultimately sentenced to prison. The man accused of aiding her was arrested as well, whereas his wife was released due to
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attacks. Clans began fighting over turf, and attempted to destroy or take other clan's business. When four clan members were murdered in her stronghold of
Secondigliano, Licciardi was forced to retaliate. She mobilised her footsoldiers for an all-out counterattack. The deadly gang wars resulted in
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On 9 June 2001, several hundred heavily armed officers, backed by helicopter spotters, launched an intensive search operation in and around
Secondigliano. Acting on a tip-off, they stormed a dilapidated building that she had been known to use as a hide-out. Licciardi was nowhere to be found, but
513:
On
January, 1998, Maria Licciardi was stopped in a car with her sister, Assunta, and her sister-in-law with around 300 million lire, which the prosecutors believe was her purported payment to him. She refused to disclose as to what the money was for and she faded into obscurity immediately after
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caused some disruption in the local underworld, as well as several bloody attempts to seize control, but the clan was kept in stable condition by Maria. She brought together a fragile informal coalition of twenty Camorra clans in order to expand control of the city's most lucrative rackets, from
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On 12 July 2019, the Court of Naples annulled the preventive detention order against Licciardi, sharing the legal questions raised by her lawyer, Dario Vannetiello. Licciardi was considered a free woman, despite her known role as the head of the Secondigliano Alliance, one of the most powerful
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arrested 13 Camorra bosses who were holding a summit around a table in a rural farmhouse between the districts of Qualiano and Giugliano. The group was allegedly discussing how to invest its funds in a network of furniture and children's clothing stores. However, Licciardi was not among them.
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Licciardi rose to power and took over as head of the clan, after her two brothers, Pietro and Vincenzo, and her husband were arrested. She was the first female Camorrista to become the boss of the Licciardi clan, and take over as head of the Secondigliano Alliance. The death of
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Constantino Saro met Licciardi in order to ask for money in return for retracting statement's on the clan's activities. The Secondigliano Alliance was divided over this issue. Some wanted to pay him, others wanted to pay him, and then murder him and his family.
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drugs and cigarette smuggling to protection and prostitution. She also played a key role in expanding the city's drug trade market. Under her leadership, the Secondigliano Alliance become more organized, secretive, sophisticated and consequently more powerful.
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She was arrested again at Rome's Ciampino airport by Carabinieri on the orders of Naples prosecutors, alleged to have been running extortion rackets as head of the Licciardi Camorra clan, on 7 August 2021 when attempting to travel to Spain.
534:. Licciardi decreed it should not be sold, as it was too pure and strong for the average user, and would thus kill those who purchased it, harming the alliance's large customer base of drug users. However, the
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Under her, the Licciardi clan generated a great amount of goodwill among the local populace as it continued the old habit of giving an occasional handout to the neighborhood's poor. In Secondigliano, with no
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Licciardi was born and raised in the Neapolitan suburb of Secondigliano, a traditional stronghold of the Licciardi clan. Her entire family belonged to the Camorra. Her father was a well-known
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stated that: "The moment a woman takes charge of the organisation, paradoxically, we witness a lowering of the emotional level and a better performance of the group's activities."
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her being a mother of a child. After her arrest, police noticed she looked just like the popular mugshot of her that was released years earlier. After her arrest, her brother
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413:: Alleanza di Secondigliano), a coalition of powerful Camorra clans which controlled drug trafficking and the extortion rackets in many suburbs of Naples. Gennaro died from
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benefits provided to the people by the local government and an endemic unemployment rate, the clan provided the neighbourhood with a principal source of employment.
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on the lam, she continued as the undisputed boss of the Licciardi clan and ordered several murders of rival mobsters. She went to war with the Giuliano clan of
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Although in prison, she still commanded the clan. Prisons do not represent a barrier for the Camorra, according to Anna Maria Zaccaria, a sociologist at the
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ruthless as her male counterparts. She carried a cold and calculating approach in her criminal endeavors, reportedly taking her inspiration from
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nearly 120 deaths in Naples and the surrounding region. It was around this time that investigators became aware of Licciardi's existence.
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The Lo Russo clan eventually split from the alliance, leading to disintegration and a bloody gang war, including the use of car bombs and
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When the pentito Gaetano Guida was asked in court about the role of Maria Licciardi and women in the Secondigliano Alliance, he replied:
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in order to protect the clan. For instance, Italian police discovered that a few days after his escape from his protected location,
375:("The Little Girl") early on in her criminal career, due to her diminutive height. Among Camorra women she is known respectfully as
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took over as the head of the clan. Vincenzo was himself eventually arrested on 7 February 2008, after having been included on the
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673:"Alleanza di Secondigliano patto di sangue e di famiglia: al vertice i boss Mallardo, Contini e Maria Licciardi 'a piccerella"
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The reign of Maria Licciardi ran smoothly for many years, until a disagreement arose over a consignment of pure, unrefined
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364:. She was one of the most powerful bosses of the Camorra in the city of Naples from 1993 until her arrest in 2001.
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researching the role of women in the syndicate. In 2009, Licciardi was released from prison after almost 8 years.
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police discovered that inside an attic guarded by surveillance cameras she had installed marble floors, a
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prison on August 3, 1994. Licciardi's husband, Antonio Teghemié was also in the Camorra.
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Maria Licciardi sought to control the possible impact of the testimonies of many
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The police made many fruitless efforts to catch Licciardi. In April 2000, the
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Police mugshot of Maria Licciardi, taken after her arrest on June 14, 2001
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987:
The Godmother: Murder, Vengeance, and the Bloody Struggle of Mafia Women
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906:"Annullata l'ordinanza di custodia cautelare, Maria Licciardi è libera"
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that creates fewer splits within the clan." On Maria Licciardi, Judge
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405:, who later became the head of the clan and a founding member of the
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526:. In the spring of 1999, a large consignment of heroin arrived from
352:; born 24 March 1951) is an Italian criminal affiliated with the
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1007:
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Women and the Mafia: Female Roles in Organized Crime Structures
371:("The Godmother") by fellow Camorristi and earned the nickname
892:"Blitz Secondigliano, Maria Licciardi 'a piccerella è in fuga"
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Top Camorra boss nabbed in major blow to Naples crime gang
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On 26 June 2019, Licciardi managed to escape from a huge
920:"Reputed mafia 'godmother' arrested at Rome airport"
563:, who took control after the arrest of her brother,
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See Naples and Die: The Camorra and Organized Crime
753:, La Repubblica, June 15, 2001 (translated version)
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712:Godmother sends deadly message to her Mafia rivals
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675:. Cronache della Campania. June 26, 2019.
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874:"Fine pena, scarcerata Maria Licciardi"
863:, The Associated Press, August 19, 2009
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989:(Paperback). New York: Penguin Books.
947:. London/New York: Taurus Publishers.
613:list of most wanted fugitives in Italy
689:Italian Mafia Sees Rise of Girl Power
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7:
861:Godmothers rise on Naples crime turf
393:or local boss. One of her brothers,
157:Murder, drug trafficking, extortion
926:. Associated Press. 7 August 2021.
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961:Fiandaca, Giovanni (ed.) (2007),
401:(The Monkey) was a very powerful
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736:, Italy Magazine, August 2, 2008
714:, Daily Telegraph, June 19, 2001
625:University of Naples Federico II
29:
360:, and one of the bosses of the
1448:List of members of the Camorra
1:
1432:Scissionisti di Secondigliano
985:Nadeau, Barbie Latza (2022).
828:, The Guardian, June 30, 2000
647:criminal organization in the
514:lawyers secured her release.
367:Licciardi was referred to as
1516:Italian Antimafia Commission
908:. Stylo24.it. July 12, 2019.
894:. Fanpage.it. June 26, 2019.
751:Maria Licciardi got arrested
602:2001 arrest and imprisonment
812:Women and the Mafia, pp. 15
349:[maˈriːalitˈtʃardi]
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1393:Russo (Quartieri Spagnoli)
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1415:Nuova Camorra Organizzata
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826:Italy's most wanted Mamma
691:, ABC News, June 20, 2001
458:Nuova Camorra Organizzata
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1631:Italian female gangsters
1595:Organized crime in Italy
1493:Castel Volturno massacre
941:Behan, Tom, ed. (2002).
643:, becoming a fugitive.
1641:Secondigliano Alliance
1536:Victims of the Camorra
1427:Secondigliano Alliance
838:Deadlier than the male
641:Secondigliano Alliance
639:operation against the
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407:Secondigliano Alliance
362:Secondigliano Alliance
345:Italian pronunciation:
171:Secondigliano Alliance
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1590:List of Camorra clans
967:, New York: Springer
273:Giuseppe Dell'Aquila
1585:Camorra in New York
1180:Beneduce-Longobardi
89:("The Little Girl")
1316:D'Agostino-Panella
843:2009-09-01 at the
793:2008-08-20 at the
767:See Naples and Die
732:2008-11-02 at the
609:Vincenzo Licciardi
456:, the boss of the
290:Giuseppe Ammendola
250:Vincenzo Licciardi
197:Francesco Mallardo
138:Vincenzo Licciardi
1636:Italian gangsters
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58:Secondigliano
53:(age 73)
51:24 March 1951
43:
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32:
27:
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1578:
1558:Cutolo trial
1504:
1476:Scampia feud
1196:D'Alessandro
986:
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849:The Scotsman
848:
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637:anti-Camorra
636:
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619:2009 release
615:since 2004.
605:
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486:Luigi Bobbio
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373:La Piccolina
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102:Head of the
91:
87:La Piccolina
86:
1616:1951 births
1503:Antimafia (
1278:Terracciano
1056:Capoparanza
1050:Capocamorra
788:Mafia Mamma
631:2021 arrest
585:grand piano
576:Carabinieri
443:Personality
399:"'a Scigna"
66:Nationality
1610:Categories
1470:NCO-NF war
1259:Puccinelli
1231:Mazzarella
1210:Fabbrocino
1053:Camorrista
935:References
810:Fiandaca,
597:of Italy".
369:La Madrina
220:Leadership
177:Founded by
99:Occupation
81:La Madrina
47:1951-03-24
1486:Massacres
1423:(defunct)
1417:(defunct)
1375:Nuvoletta
1250:Polverino
1218:Licciardi
1169:Abbinante
1063:Picciotto
769:, pp. 263
397:known as
145:(brother)
140:(brother)
134:Relatives
1579:See also
1506:Category
1384:Perrella
1367:Giuliano
1359:Lo Russo
1354:La Torre
1344:Di Biasi
1246:Pariante
1243:Pagnozzi
1223:Mallardo
1205:Di Lauro
1184:Cesarano
1153:Belforte
1149:Casalesi
1132:Graziano
1098:Vendetta
841:Archived
791:Archived
730:Archived
651:region.
649:Campania
557:Forcella
550:Fugitive
528:Istanbul
518:Downfall
492:Bribing
301:captured
293:captured
285:deceased
277:captured
254:captured
244:captured
234:captured
211:deceased
201:captured
191:captured
126:Children
1560:(1980s)
1531:Pentito
1526:Gomorra
1520:members
1478:(2000s)
1472:(1970s)
1466:(1910s)
1441:Members
1390:Ranucci
1387:Potenza
1380:Galasso
1341:D'Amico
1334:Alfieri
1324:Defunct
1309:Matrone
1288:Vollaro
1266:Rinaldi
1240:Orlando
1227:Mariano
1192:Contini
1188:Cimmino
1177:Ascione
1059:Paranza
1035:Camorra
765:Behan,
589:Jacuzzi
543:bazooka
507:pentito
502:pentiti
494:pentiti
419:Voghera
411:Italian
354:Camorra
70:Italian
1566:(1998)
1554:(1981)
1545:Trials
1495:(2008)
1347:Farina
1305:Maiale
1236:Moccia
1214:Gionta
1093:Omertà
1088:Guappo
993:
971:
951:
532:Turkey
524:heroin
403:guappo
390:guappo
118:Spouse
1396:Sarno
1371:Misso
1338:Birra
1330:Abate
1284:Verde
1271:Russo
1262:Ricci
1103:Pizzo
659:Notes
593:"The
1457:Wars
1350:Lago
1255:Puca
1129:Cava
991:ISBN
969:ISBN
949:ISBN
41:Born
1612::
922:.
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45:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
