316:. It declared that "the most disgraceful tortures and cruelties are being perpetrated on civilians and prisoners in the name of the Reich" and that each day of war increased "the bill" that Germans in the end would have to pay. "Who", it asked, "cannot see now that the entire much praised social improvement in the Third Reich, the job creation, the Volkswagen, and many another things were nothing but preparation for war and armament?!" The only means Hitler had known for relieving unemployment was "the extermination of millions through a new war". A genuine "socialist revolution" lay in the future: the immediate task of "true patriots" and "all those who have maintained a sense of true values" was to do, wherever possible, the exact opposite of what the Nazi regime demanded of them.
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232:), was ready to be submitted to the Faculty of Law and Political Science at the Albert Ludwig University in Freiburg in 1935. Terwiel also painfully realised, that she was forbidden to marry Himpel. They nonetheless lived together in Berlin; Hempel running a successful dentistry practice, and Terwiel finding work as a secretary in a French-
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Three days after sentencing she wrote to her two younger siblings, Gerd and Ursula: "I have absolutely no fear of death and certainly not of divine judgement: that at least we don't have to fear. Stay true to your principles and forever and always stick together". In a farewell letter to a Polish
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against the Nazi regime. She was active in a group in Berlin that wrote and distributed anti-Nazi and anti-war appeals. As part of what they conceived as a broader action against a collection of anti-fascist resistance groups in
Germany and occupied Europe that the
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cellmate, Krystyna
Wituska, she gave legal advice and formulated appeals for clemency for her fellow prisoners (her own was rejected personally by Hitler). Terwiel also wrote a song, “O head full of blood and wounds” in which she called on
413:
Tuchel, Johannes (1994), Maria
Terwiel und Helmut Himpel. Christen in der Roten Kapelle. In: Hans Coppi junior, JĂĽrgen Danyel, Johannes Tuchel (eds): Die Rote Kapelle im Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus, Berlin: Edition Hentrich.
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With Himpel, who secretly and without charge continued to treat Jewish patients, Terwiel began helping Jews in hiding. They helped furnish them with identification and ration cards. A patient of Himpel's, the
Communist writer
276:. For the Abwehr and Gestapo this, in turn, placed the couple in the frame of a wider European espionage network which, focusing upon Soviet contacts and Communist participants, they were identified under the cryptonym
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206:. As a Social Democrat, her father was dismissed from office after Hitler came to power in 1933. The family had moved to Berlin, where she found a job as a secretary In a German-
323:, on 17 May 1942, Terwiel, Schulze-Boysen, and nineteen others travelled across five Berlin neighbourhoods to paste the stickers on posters for the Nazi propaganda exhibition
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civil servant, worked as a provincial deputy commissioner, while her mother was Jewish, which would limit Mimi's professional aspirations after 1933. She studied law at
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PruĂź, Ursula (2014), Maria
Terwiel. In: Helmut Moll, (ed.), Zeugen für Christus. Das deutsche Martyrologium des 20. Jahrhunderts, Paderborn, vol. I, pp 146–149.
224:), Terwiel realised that she could no longer finish her studies, as she would never be able to get a position as a trainee lawyer. Her legal dissertion, titled
838:
1513:
444:
443:
Tuchel, Johannes (1994). "Maria
Terwiel und Helmut Himpel: Christen in der Roten Kapelle". In Coppi, Hans; Danyel, JĂĽrgen; Tuchel, Johannes (eds.).
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Following her arrest on 17 September 1942 and brutal interrogation, Terwiel was sentenced to death for treason on 26 January 1943 by the
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in Berlin on 5 August 1943. She was 33 years old. Himpel had preceded her, executed in May. In her immediate resistance circle, only
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On her typewriter, Terwiel copied anti-Nazi material supplied by the group that she, together with Himpel,
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Terwiel was sentenced to death on 26 January 1943, and on 5 August 1943 was guillotined in
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Die Rote
Kapelle: Die Widerstandsgruppe im Dritten Reich und die Geschichte Helmut Roloffs
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Die Rote
Kapelle. Die Widerstandsgruppe im Dritten Reich und die Geschichte Helmut Roloffs
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euthanasia program and a polemic entitled "Fear for
Germany's future grips the people" (
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Signed AGIS, the leaflet was written by Harro
Schulze-Boysen with assistance from
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Die Allgemeinen Geschäftsbedingungen der Banken. insbesondere die Pfandklausel
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Maria Terwiel was born on 7 June 1910 in Boppard am Rhein. She completed her
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Conscience in Revolt: Sixty-Four Stories of Resistance in Germany, 1933–1945
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The General Terms and Conditions of Banks, in Particular the Deposit Clause
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Biography of Maria Terwiel with photos (Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand)
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452:(in German). Berlin: Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand. pp. 213–225
137:, in September 1942 the Gestapo arrested Terwiel along with her fiancée
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Women and War: A Historical Encyclopedia from Antiquity to the Present
176:
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Inside a Gestapo Prison: The Letters of Krystyna Wituska, 1942–1944
716:. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-513269-4, p. 300
677:. Berlin: Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand. pp. 133–134, 130.
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690:""Die Sorge um Deutschlands Zukunft geht durch das Volk." (1942)"
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in 1931, where her father, Johannes Terwiel, a devoutly Catholic
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People from Rhineland-Palatinate executed at Plötzensee Prison
623:. Berlin: Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand. pp. 133–134.
596:"012 Maria Terwiel (Mitglied der "Roten Kapelle" aus Boppard)"
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Die Rote Kapelle im Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus
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Page about various resistance fighters, including Terwiel
528:. Vol. 2 (1 ed.). ABC-CLIO. 2006. p. 585.
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to "appear to me as a shield to comfort me in my death".
714:
Resisting Hitler: Mildred Harnack and the Red Orchestra
662:"The Murder of Unproductive Persons" Clemens von Galen
733:(in German). Berlin. 24 November 2020. Archived from
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Die Sorge um Deutschlands Zukunft geht durch das Volk
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504:(in German). Berlin: AG Stolpersteine Reinickendorf
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688:Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand (2020).
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1524:Roman Catholics in the German Resistance
799:. Detroit: Wayne State University Press.
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1494:German Jews who died in the Holocaust
760:. Boulder126: Westview. p. 126.
347:"). Maria Terwiel was guillotined at
151:programme of involuntary euthanasia.
16:German resistance fighter (1910–1943)
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478:. German Resistance Memorial Center
375:The Schulze-Boysen group in Germany
198:, where she met her future fiancé,
673:Wörmann, Heinrich-Wilhelm (1991).
619:Wörmann, Heinrich-Wilhelm (1991).
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811:"Erzbistum Berlin: Maria Terwiel"
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476:Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand
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388:(in German). Berlin: Ullstein.
170:Maria Terwiel and Helmut Himpel
1519:People from the Rhine Province
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712:Brysac, Shareen Blair (2000).
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145:which denounced the regime's
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600:web25.otto.kundenserver42.de
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641:. Berlin: Ullstein Verlag.
319:In a campaign initiated by
103:Trainee lawyer, then typist
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795:Wituska, Krystyna (2006).
727:"Thema - Die Rote Kapelle"
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780:: CS1 maint: location (
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329:Das Sowjet-Paradies
325:The Soviet Paradise
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1433:Kurt Schulze
1402:Martin Weise
1352:Karl Behrens
1332:Adolf Grimme
1231:Robert Barth
1216:Arnold Bauer
1186:Kurt Schulze
1141:Marie HĂĽbner
1126:Bruno Hempel
1111:Erwin Gehrts
1091:Fritz Cremer
1066:Hanna Berger
1056:Karl Behrens
1051:Adolf Grimme
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886:Rote Kapelle
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1464:1943 deaths
1459:1910 births
1397:Fritz Lange
1372:Erna Eifler
1367:Beppo Römer
1312:Hilde Coppi
1221:Erna Eifler
1046:Anna Krauss
1036:Fritz Thiel
986:Hilde Coppi
817:(in German)
741:24 November
222:"HalbjĂĽdin"
133:called the
45:7 June 1910
1453:Categories
1423:Ilse Stöbe
1307:Hans Coppi
1136:Max HĂĽbner
1071:Karl Böhme
991:Hans Coppi
821:2021-04-15
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427:References
420:3894681101
367:Literature
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