539:
378:
52:
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of 1624, their oldest son, Johan, was not mentioned as an heir; he was presumably disinherited but it is not known why. From 1624 Johan was not mentioned in any other documents or wills by Van
Pallaes and Van Schroyesteijn. The youngest child, Hendrick, had not yet been born in 1624 and is therefore
428:
The corner house served as a refectory and meeting place for the administrators of the foundation (who were appointed to that position by Van
Pallaes in her will). Residents could only eat in the refectory if, for some reason, they were unable to eat in their own homes. Sometimes they were invited
341:
Van
Pallaes lost most of her loved ones in her later life. First, her son Livinius died when about 10 in 1624. Six years later, her husband, Van Schroyesteijn, died in 1630. She also lost four other children: Margaretha, the only child to be married, died in 1645; Lubbertus in 1646, Hendrick before
500:
After Van
Palleas' death, her property was inherited by the Maria van Pallaes Foundation, which was headed by the two directors she had appointed. From that point on, incumbent directors would select their successors themselves. Over the course of the foundation's existence, an additional 28
440:
and were forced to leave. Third, residents who committed physical violence or had an "unsuitable" lifestyle were dismissed. Fourth, when residents died, their inheritance was transferred to the Maria van
Pallaes Foundation, which paid for their
456:, from the foundation. Van Pallaes was probably present herself on such occasions. After her death, the foundation's administrators handed out the food while sitting under a painting of Van Pallaes. In 1849, residents started receiving
261:. She was the oldest child of Lubbert Jansz van Pallaes (died 1610) and Maria Johansdr van Reede (died 1649). She had two younger brothers: Lubbertus (died 1624) and Johan (died 1650). Both her parents came from
356:
and residences in the surroundings. In 1649, she sent a request to the government of
Utrecht, asking for permission to freely decide over her inheritance. Her only remaining child, Adriana, was a member of a
416:
there. Each house was designed to have two floors, with two rooms on each floor, except for one of them, which had a different layout. The houses were 4.5 by 7 metres (15 ft × 23 ft), with a
429:
to the refectory to meet the administrators. The refectory was rebuilt as an additional building in 1667, three years after Van
Pallaes' death. As of 2019, the building still maintains the original locks.
436:
or similar sources were not eligible for residence. Second, residents were housed either with their spouse or with another individual of the same sex. If a spouse died, they were not allowed to
549:(1657). The woman sitting on the right is Van Pallaes, with her children in the background, and the houses in the background on the righthand side are the Maria van Pallaes houses.
297:
where Van
Pallaes lived for the rest of her life. The couple had six children: Johan, Lubbertus, Adriana, Margaretha, Livinius and Hendrick. In Van Pallaes and Van Schroyesteijn's
361:
and, as such, was not able to inherit. If Van
Pallaes had not filed a request, her family fortune would have gone to the community of Utrecht. She decided to use her funds as
925:
Cornelis, M. (1996). "Maria van
Pallaes (1587–1664)". In Aalbers, J.; Van den Broeke, W.; Buiter, H.; Van den Hoven van Genderen, A.J.; Pietersma, A.; Vogelzang, F. (eds.).
365:
for the city's needy inhabitants. It is likely that she did not just do so because she cared for the poor but because she believed she would be rewarded with a place in
882:
377:
505:
of Utrecht started managing the houses. In 1978, the municipality bought the houses, transferring ownership of the original 12 almshouses and the refectory to the
276:. He was also a Roman Catholic. Van Pallaes had more possessions and capital than Van Schroyesteijn at the time of their marriage. They bought a house along the
114:
488:
and Saint Nicholas' Church. After the funeral, she was interred in her family grave at St. Martin's Cathedral. Ten years later, the grave was destroyed in a
480:
After a long period of sickness, Van Pallaes died on 23 October 1664. An extensive and costly funeral ceremony was held following her death. The bells of
230:. After her death, the buildings were placed under the control of the Maria van Pallaes Foundation and another 28 almshouses were later built using her
538:
272:
On 11 January 1606, at the age of 19, Van Pallaes married Hendrick van Schroyesteijn, a lawyer at the court of Utrecht, in the presence of the city's
502:
51:
566:
309:, practising their Catholic faith had been prohibited in Utrecht since 1580. Nevertheless, they continued their devotions, making use of
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967:
481:
107:
972:
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was revealed honouring Van Palles. The corbel shows two hands giving away apples and was designed and created by Cissy van der Wel.
468:
every year instead of the wheat, butter and cheese. Towards the end of the 20th century, they stopped receiving money, as new
987:
977:
938:
262:
313:; Van Pallaes' mother similarly practised Catholicism in Utrecht after the Reformation, despite having been raised as a
856:
501:
almshouses were constructed using Van Pallaes' inheritance. The foundation continued to operate until 1910, when the
306:
506:
408:
or collection of buildings with an adjoining court on the street now known as the Agnietenstraat. She charged a
390:
432:
All residents of the houses were subject to various conditions. First of all, those receiving support from the
421:
to the rear. This garden had a few toilets attached to its walls in groups of two or three and connected to a
235:
395:
305:
Van Pallaes and Van Schroyesteijn remained Roman Catholics for the rest of their lives. As a result of the
240:
675:
962:
957:
418:
833:
558:
546:
409:
362:
318:
310:
298:
57:
287:
934:
683:
933:] (in Dutch). Vol. 3. Utrecht/Amsterdam: Boom/Broese Kemink/SPOU. pp. 153–157.
358:
562:
469:
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Every year, the residents received wheat, butter and cheese, partly grown by Van Pallaes'
266:
602:
951:
519:
457:
453:
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353:
246:
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149:
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349:. As all Van Pallaes' children remained childless, there were no grandchildren.
231:
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326:
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22:
292:
129:
116:
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The 12 almshouses founded by Van Pallaes. The corner house is the refectory.
314:
215:
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682:(in Dutch). Nijmegen, Netherlands: Uitgeverij Vantilt. Biography nr. 205.
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and has been included in various exhibitions, most recently in Brazil's
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442:
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330:
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227:
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79:
26:
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322:
883:"De jaarlijkse voedseluitdeling aan de armen door Maria van Pallaes"
555:
Yearly food distribution to the poor of Utrecht by Maria van Pallaes
543:
Yearly food distribution to the poor of Utrecht by Maria van Pallaes
537:
445:. Unusually for the times, Van Pallaes allowed both Catholics and
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221:
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The foundation's original almshouses and refectory were granted
465:
789:
787:
234:. The original 12 houses and refectory are now owned by the
206:
who established the Maria van Pallaes houses in the city of
589:
at the end, while M. Cornelis does not include a full stop.
412:(whose identity is not known) to build 12 almshouses and a
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804:
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status in 1967 which, as of March 2020, they still hold.
759:
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Van Pallaes owned various houses in Utrecht as well as
857:"Console ter ere van weldoenster Maria van Pallaes"
185:
155:
145:
103:
87:
65:
42:
699:– via Digitaal Vrouwenlexicon van Nederland.
484:were rung, as were those of St. Jan's Church, the
257:Van Pallaes was born in 1587 in the Dutch city of
472:programs rendered financial support unnecessary.
678:. In Hell, Maarten; Huiskamp, Marloes (eds.).
226:or courtyard garden, to be used by the city's
585:Bert Aanstoot refers to her full name with a
8:
680:1001 vrouwen uit de Nederlandse geschiedenis
317:. Two of Van Pallaes' children had Catholic
198:(1587 – 23 October 1664), commonly known as
920:] (in Dutch). Utrechts Monumentenfonds.
401:
281:
219:
669:
667:
665:
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50:
39:
835:36005 Agnietenstraat 8 3512 XB te Utrecht
464:and 100 litres (22 imp gal) of
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561:has belonged to the collection of the
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56:1878 painting of Van Pallaes, based on
918:Maria van Pallaes Foundation 350 years
342:1649, and Johan, the oldest child, in
601:
7:
914:Fundatie Maria van Pallaes 350 jaar
674:Volbeda, Marja (13 February 2013).
460:10, 70 kilograms (150 lb) of
373:Foundation of the first almshouses
14:
567:Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo
676:"Pallaes, Maria van (1587-1664)"
171:
553:Since 1924, the 1657 painting
534:Painting by Hendrick Bloemaert
1:
343:
196:Mayken Lubbert van Pallaesdr.
178:; died 1630)
385:In 1651, Van Pallaes bought
247:Dutch national heritage site
838:(in Dutch), 6 December 2017
507:Utrecht Monument Foundation
302:not mentioned in the will.
236:Utrecht Monument Foundation
1004:
983:People from Utrecht (city)
603:[maːriaːvanpɑlɑis]
161:Hendrick van Schroyesteijn
20:
968:17th-century Dutch people
503:municipal executive board
49:
973:17th-century Dutch women
265:and she was raised as a
912:Aanstoot, Bert (2015).
449:to live in the houses.
550:
482:St. Martin's Cathedral
402:
382:
282:
220:
108:St. Martin's Cathedral
988:Women philanthropists
978:Dutch philanthropists
927:Utrechtse biografieën
541:
380:
325:and Adriana became a
210:. They consist of 12
599:Dutch pronunciation:
321:: Hendrick became a
311:clandestine churches
130:52.09083°N 5.12167°E
18:Dutch philanthropist
931:Utrecht biographies
712:, pp. 153–154.
319:religious vocations
280:but later moved to
126: /
559:Hendrick Bloemaert
551:
547:Hendrick Bloemaert
410:general contractor
383:
263:patrician families
218:, together with a
58:Hendrick Bloemaert
796:, pp. 10–11.
509:two years later.
391:Agnietenmonastery
369:after her death.
307:Dutch Reformation
200:Maria van Pallaes
193:
192:
135:52.09083; 5.12167
95:(aged 76–77)
82:, the Netherlands
44:Maria van Pallaes
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545:, a painting by
419:community garden
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948:
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887:Centraal Museum
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863:. 22 April 2015
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747:
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736:, pp. 6–7.
732:
728:
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673:
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657:
649:
642:
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563:Centraal Museum
536:
515:
498:
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470:social security
400:to establish a
393:
389:from Utrecht's
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359:mendicant order
346:
339:
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91:23 October 1664
83:
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823:, p. 157.
813:
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783:
781:, p. 154.
768:
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738:
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653:, p. 153.
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454:tenant farmers
374:
371:
338:
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283:'t Groot Huijs
267:Roman Catholic
254:
251:
204:philanthropist
202:, was a Dutch
191:
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167:
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146:Known for
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47:
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849:
837:
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829:
826:
822:
821:Cornelis 1996
817:
814:
811:, p. 12.
810:
809:Aanstoot 2015
805:
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799:
795:
794:Aanstoot 2015
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788:
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780:
779:Cornelis 1996
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764:Aanstoot 2015
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749:Aanstoot 2015
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734:Aanstoot 2015
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723:
722:Aanstoot 2015
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710:Cornelis 1996
706:
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691:
689:9789460041419
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664:
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651:Cornelis 1996
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637:
636:Aanstoot 2015
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520:rijksmonument
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28:
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926:
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913:
891:. Retrieved
886:
877:
865:. Retrieved
860:
851:
840:, retrieved
834:
828:
816:
766:, p. 7.
751:, p. 2.
729:
724:, p. 6.
717:
705:
693:. Retrieved
679:
638:, p. 5.
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451:
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384:
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150:Philanthropy
104:Burial place
93:(1664-10-23)
34:
30:
15:
963:1664 deaths
958:1587 births
526:In 2015, a
496:Inheritance
447:Protestants
394: [
347: 1649
291: [
239: [
232:inheritance
133: /
60:'s portrait
31:Van Pallaes
952:Categories
940:9053521836
906:Literature
889:(in Dutch)
861:Nieuws 030
613:References
337:Later life
288:Oudkerkhof
278:Oudegracht
253:Early life
245:and are a
212:almshouses
118:52°05′27″N
23:Dutch name
618:Citations
587:full stop
434:diaconate
414:refectory
327:Carmelite
315:Calvinist
216:refectory
121:5°07′18″E
110:, Utrecht
867:22 March
842:22 March
486:Buurkerk
462:potatoes
274:aldermen
186:Children
21:In this
893:6 April
490:tornado
443:funeral
438:remarry
423:cesspit
363:charity
354:estates
331:Antwerp
259:Utrecht
208:Utrecht
180:
168:
164:
98:Utrecht
80:Utrecht
71: (
35:Pallaes
27:surname
937:
695:6 July
686:
528:corbel
513:Legacy
367:heaven
323:priest
214:and a
174:
156:Spouse
33:, not
25:, the
929:[
916:[
573:Notes
476:Death
404:hofje
398:]
295:]
243:]
222:hofje
170:(
166:
935:ISBN
895:2020
869:2020
844:2020
697:2019
684:ISBN
466:coal
387:land
299:will
228:poor
176:1606
88:Died
73:1587
69:1587
66:Born
557:by
329:in
286:on
29:is
954::
885:.
859:.
801:^
786:^
771:^
756:^
741:^
658:^
643:^
626:^
569:.
492:.
425:.
396:nl
344:c.
333:.
293:nl
269:.
249:.
241:nl
172:m.
943:.
897:.
871:.
458:ƒ
189:6
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37:.
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