733:
235:. The geomorphology shows a large flat coastal fringe, a transition from land to sea with seasonal fluctuations. The bird life (see Fauna for more details) of the marsh includes many species of water fowl which bring great value to the unit. Along with the fauna of the highly valued ecological marsh, one should emphasize the values of the landscape, since the unit is of great interest both for its high quality and its fragility. In the southern part it is closely bound to the city of Isla Cristina, in the north the marsh is bordered by the Verde Litoral road.
508:
26:
1001:
576:
614:
714:
39:
622:
722:
1009:
769:
538:
46:
761:
257:
605:) which is listed in Annex II of the Community Directive of Habitats (D. 92/43 CEE) as a Species of Community Interest for whose conservation are imposed the creation of Special Zones of Conservation. Likewise 22 birds appear in the marsh which are listed in Annex I of the Directive n° 79/409/CEE and 41 migratory birds regularly present that are not listed in said annex.
204:
reserve the panoramic landscape has a special importance ; its very flatness allows a scenery with very broad views, opening to one's view the lands of neighboring units, emphasizing the views of the city of Isla
Cristina or of the pine forest. A highlight throughout the day are the distinct tonalities of the marsh due to the changes in light as the day goes by.
172:
780:
483:
António (belonging to the
Guadiana river). To the north the Vía Verde Litoral road, to the south Isla Cristina city and the Atlantic Ocean and an area of Mediterranean pine forest and dunes of ICONA (Instituto para la Conservación de la Naturaleza) and finally to the east an area close to the heart of the Redondela.
545:
The ecomuseum of the
Christina Island marshes is located by the tidal mill of the Pozo path. It includes an Interpretation Center of man and the marsh. This tidal mill dates from the 18th century and has been rehabilitated. In it one can discover how man has exploited the marshes in varying forms for
503:
There are bird-watching points in several places by the marshes and Via Verde, from the discontinued Huelva-Ayamonte railway, crosses it lengthwise. This trail is particularly suitable for hiking and cycling thanks to the slight slope of the railway. Other hiking routes with interpretation points are
470:
The current hydrography goes back to the 1755 Lisbon earthquake and the successive accumulation and removal of sediments, as well as being influenced by the
Guadiana and recently the Tinto-Odiel rivers because of the construction of the Juan Carlos I breakwater and other dikes that modify the flow of
200:
Where the marshes have been transformed, among others for the development of marine aquaculture, bodies of water distributed as ponds and pools are the main elements of the landscape. Despite the uses developed in this area they maintain the original channels and estuaries of the marsh. The constancy
583:
Fortunately this tidal landscape is reasonably preserved. The presence of a faunal community linked with humid areas – with a multitude of protected species which use it as a wintering, breeding and nesting place – imposes the highest conversation and preservation measures on this place. Information
798:
There are species that choose the marsh as wintering grounds, while others use it during the summer. Other species use the marches as their habitat during the entire year. To know which species use the marshes for the entire year, or which migratory birds spend only one season there, see the bird
292:
An environmental unit with similar characteristics to the Puntal Canal marsh, occupying 76.62 hectares, this area includes three transformed places of the marsh, in the area of
Carrera. The human uses that are developing are: aquaculture, with the building of pools which divide the marsh, and the
203:
The animal communities are also important. The birds are the most representative group in this ecosystem, contributing an important peculiarity to the landscape. The homogeneity of the color of the scrub is contrasted with the presence of water, an element which carries great attraction. In this
482:
town and largely limiting the accumulation of deposits and the decrease of river branching. It includes an extensive system of estuaries and canals which flow a dicha ria. To the west they are limited by the town of
Ayamonte and by the Sapal Nature Reserve of Castro Marim and Vila Real de Santo
196:
The tidal dependence of these ecosystems gives them an almost total absence of seasonality. From the landscape point of view one can differentiate between the marshes, those areas in which man's intervention has transformed the ecosystem for its own use and the other better preserved areas.
276:, with an area of 371.24 hectares. It is a degraded marsh, transformed long ago for the exploitation of table salt and currently developing aquaculture. These uses degrade the marsh, bringing homogenisation and impoverishment that weigh on its ecological value. Here stands a well-preserved
201:
that the marsh has acquired is very significant. In the areas where the marshes are better preserved, it maintains the characteristic bushes of these wetlands. The vegetation consists of communities of halophytes, typical of these types of habitats and adapted to the daily tidal flooding.
247:
Known as Prado Hondo, this arm of the marsh covers 30.29 hectares dried up for the cultivation of strawberries. The environmental characteristics of the area are very similar to the above
Carrera marsh. This small part of the marsh borders the Redondela, from which starts a path.
494:
It is a place where the littoral and sediments dynamics have triggered a whole complex of coastal formations in the mouth of the
Guadiana river estuary, resulting from the interaction of wind, waves, tides, the river, and human impact through tidal engineering works as seen.
745:
155:, Andalusia, in southern Spain. Created in 1989 (Law 2/89 of the inventory of the Protected Natural Spaces of Andalusia), the natural park has a surface area of 21.45 square kilometres (8.28 sq mi), shared between the municipalities of
405:(see flora for more details). It is one of the main units of the nature reserve with 589 hectares and various saltworks. Its northern part is crossed by the Via Verde Litoral road. Some continental marshes retain important halophyte prairies of
490:
brings sediments and maintains the integrity of the canals in the Isla
Cristina marshes. Consequently, there are different degrees of salinity among the marshes. Some parts of the marshes can be and are commercially exploited to extract salt.
437:
Ii includes the Canela lagoon and
Pinillo lagoon on its northern and southern fringes, leaving an area of saltworks near the heart of Ayamonte which degrades the marsh's landscape. This unit forms a 237 hectares island of
751:
750:
747:
746:
917:
The majority form part of the diet for birds. Because they do not have much economic interest, they are not commonly known by their common names. The fish that live in the shelter of the marshes are:
752:
546:
his benefit, within the possibilities offered by the marshes. Known as the Painted's Mill, it had 6 mills and was constructed by the locally born patron of the ayamontino area, Manuel Rivero (
135:
1166:
559:
In the oyster stone masonry, marine limestone brought by their ships from Cadiz and worked to grind wheat for bread that often came from Obispado de Cordoba, after loading in Seville.
749:
629:
Shrublike species must by necessity be adapted to saline conditions, making the number of species not as abundant as the fauna. The flora most represented is mainly composed of:
528:
The Duke saltworks: accessible from the north of Punta del Morral. It allows bird watching. It is 7.15 kilometres (4.44 mi) long and represents about 2 hours' walk.
193:
Marshes in general are humid areas, low-lying, swampy terrains that are flooded by sea water during high tide. They usually lay in estuaries areas, such as here.
67:
1238:
1253:
748:
800:
732:
705:. Harvest of any plant is not permitted in this natural park. Extraneous species and species not specific to the marsh are not described.
1248:
110:
38:
567:
In October, 2009 was inaugurated in this building a museum of the marshes in which this ecosystem of wetlands can be interpreted.
525:
Tidal mill of the Pozo path: direct access from the Via Verde road near the Pozo del Camino. It is 835 metres (913 yd) long.
1243:
1223:
1184:
333:). Within the Mediterranean mountain (presence of copses of Mediterranean deciduous species) some endemic taxa appear such as
522:
Laguna del Prado: accessible from and close to the village center of La Redondela. It is 1,192 metres (1,304 yd) long.
1202:
389:, spread over about 166 hectares. Its basin is transformed by saltworks. See Flora for the species specific to the marsh.
345:
subs. that are not included in the ecosystem in study although they belong to the unit for the protection of the marsh.
301:
The 311 hectares hydrophilic, halophytic grasslands with tidal influence have been transformed with the repopulation of
587:
In the marsh these panels highlight the aquatic birds, whose most significant species are those present in the LIC (
1233:
1228:
507:
359:
25:
1151:
1168:
Castillo inaugura el Ecomuseo de las Marismas de Isla Cristina, mayor exponente de molino mareal del litoral
1000:
968:
207:
Follows a more detailed description of the different parts comprised within the Marshes of Cristina Island.
584:
panels at various locations of the reserve help to understand how it works and therefore its preservation.
385:
961:
660:
547:
335:
993:
879:
847:
479:
379:
148:
1064:
976:
946:
676:
373:
323:
863:
685:
643:
575:
329:
307:
1047:
923:
817:
725:
698:
652:
281:
176:
152:
905:
888:
855:
833:
702:
341:
591:) of Isla Cristina marsh (ES6150005). This marsh includes the same area surface as the ZEPA (
455:
439:
1027:
1013:
984:
368:
313:
713:
613:
954:
896:
487:
621:
504:
located at Prado Pond, Molino tidal marsh of Pozo del Camino and the Duque saltworks.
429:) and others, are abundant. See flora and fauna for the species typical of the marsh.
1217:
939:
839:
443:
265:
228:
183:
160:
795:
The birds most representative of the marshes are : spatulas, storks and terns.
721:
1008:
768:
537:
232:
454:
Connects directly with Ayamonte and more than half of its 97 hectares are salty.
1128:
1041:
931:
871:
760:
668:
635:
601:
459:
446:
prairies. In its southern area the degradation from urbanisation is quite high.
406:
398:
216:
486:
The drainage and import of water come essentially from the Atlantic Ocean. The
256:
1031:
or Spanish pond turtle. Its activity is very low and it is not commonly seen.
318:
277:
82:
69:
825:
694:
224:
171:
421:
302:
273:
187:
156:
1055:) and mice can be present, they don't exactly belong to this ecosystem.
1052:
474:
They frame the Carreras river estuary, greatly influencing it with the
471:
sediments. For a structure by zones, see the structure of the marshes.
415:
410:
220:
1152:
general plan of urbanism of Isla Cristina – Environmental impact study
779:
1039:
The only native species to the Cristina Island marshes is the otter (
811:
The amphibious fauna of the marsh are salamanders, frogs, and toads.
293:
cultivation of strawberries, all resulting in damage to the marshes.
599:). The most relevant animal species among the mammals is the otter (
215:
The unit is 266.12 hectares. It is a protected natural place where
1007:
999:
778:
767:
759:
743:
731:
720:
712:
620:
574:
536:
506:
475:
426:
255:
170:
147:("Cristina Island marshes") are located at the mouth of the river
284:) restored in 1995, presently used as a small visitors' center.
1089:
1082:
1080:
367:) as typical vegetation, it also shelters protected endemic
787:
Many animals are present in the Marismas de Isla Cristina.
264:
It includes the west part of the marsh between the city of
1106:
227:(salt tolerant) species. In less flooded areas appear the
190:
for some 14.00 square kilometres (5.41 sq mi).
1204:
Atlas y libro rojo de los Peces Continentales de España
1186:
Atlas y libro rojo de los anfibios y reptiles de España
740:), one of the species most representative of this marsh
317:) and the formation of well-preserved salt marshes of
186:
for 7.44 square kilometres (2.87 sq mi) and
182:
The marshes are shared between the municipalities of
131:
116:
106:
98:
61:
18:
595:) and is proposed as a Special Conservation Area (
401:), its characteristics are similar to that of the
683:In this area there is also the maritime juniper,
518:There are three signposted paths in the marshes:
45:
511:Northern landscape of the nature reserve :
1143:
1141:
1139:
1137:
348:
1025:One species exists, the freshwater/sea turtle
801:es:Anexo:Aves de las Marismas de Isla Cristina
8:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1183:R. Márquez, M. Lizana, J.M. Pleguezuelos.
223:) is the most abundant species along with
15:
1154:. Ed. Isla Cristina council, October 2007
1129:Consejería de Medio Ambiente de Andalucía
593:Zona de Especial Protección para las Aves
612:
1076:
397:An important formation of halophytes (
1207:. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, 2002.
1189:. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, 2002.
53:Shown within Spain Province of Huelva
7:
102:21.45 km (8.28 sq mi)
1239:Geography of the Province of Huelva
988:(a species of ray-finned Cobitidae)
175:Network of nature parks (RENPA) in
111:Site of Special Scientific Interest
589:Lugares de Importancia Comunitaria
462:are the most abundant vegetation.
14:
1254:Special Protection Areas of Spain
1131:(regional ministry of Andalusia).
260:The tidal mill before restoration
541:The tidal mill after restoration
327:), and grasslands of eel grass (
44:
37:
24:
1045:). Although other rat species (
377:and other rare species such as
115:
1:
1091:Ayuntamiento de Isla Cristina
597:Zona de Especial Conservación
288:Transformed marsh of Carreras
120:September 23, 1989
1150:Revision adaptation of the
563:April 3rd, 2009, ADN, Cadiz
1270:
1249:Natural parks of Andalusia
413:). Populations of waders,
360:Arthrocaulon macrostachyum
972:(a ray-finned Cyprinidae)
853:Mediterranean tree frog,
282:es: El Pintado tidal mill
145:Marismas de Isla Cristina
32:
23:
19:Marismas de Isla Cristina
1108:Ayuntamiento de Ayamonte
861:Iberian spadefoot toad,
728:in Isla Cristina marshes
499:Visiting the nature park
478:on the west and east of
1094:(Isla Cristina council)
969:Chondrostoma willkommii
903:Southern marbled newt,
883:(subespecies VU o LRnt)
764:Mediterranean tree frog
756:Natterjack Toad calling
349:The Slumps' Saltworks (
136:Natural England website
1244:Natural parks of Spain
1224:Landforms of Andalusia
1017:
1005:
962:Chondrostoma lemmingii
845:Iberian painted frog,
815:Iberian midwife toad,
784:
776:
765:
757:
741:
729:
718:
661:Rosmarinus officinalis
626:
618:
580:
542:
515:
261:
179:
83:37.207718°N 7.362343°W
1011:
1004:Typical work of otter
1003:
994:Fundulus heteroclitus
886:Iberian ribbed newt,
880:Salamandra salamandra
848:Discoglossus galganoi
782:
771:
763:
755:
738:Gelochelidon nilotica
735:
724:
716:
693:, a shrub endemic to
624:
616:
578:
540:
510:
386:Spergularia fimbriata
259:
174:
1065:Natural park (Spain)
977:Squalius alburnoides
947:Barbus microcephalus
869:Iberian green frog,
717:Gulls in the marshes
697:and present only in
641:Phoenicean juniper,
450:Salón de Santa Gadea
351:Salinas de los Pérez
336:Teucrium algarviense
88:37.207718; -7.362343
1111:(Ayamente council).
952:Andalusian barbel,
864:Pelobates cultripes
772:Ventral surface of
686:Juniperus oxycedrus
666:Shrubby sea-blite,
644:Juniperus phoenicea
357:A tidal marsh with
330:Spartina densiflora
308:Tamarix canariensis
272:) and the limit of
79: /
1048:Ondatra zibethicus
1018:
1006:
924:Petromyzon marinus
818:Alytes cisternasii
785:
777:
774:Lissotriton boscai
766:
758:
742:
736:Gull-billed tern (
730:
726:Black-winged stilt
719:
653:Lavandula stoechas
627:
625:Phoenicean juniper
619:
581:
543:
516:
480:Isla Cristina port
262:
252:Puntal Canal marsh
239:The Meadow marsh (
180:
153:province of Huelva
1234:Marshes of Europe
1229:Wetlands of Spain
1201:Doadrio Ignacio.
1171:. 5 October 2009.
906:Triturus pygmaeus
889:Pleurodeles waltl
877:Fire salamander,
856:Hyla meridionalis
834:Epidalea calamita
831:Natterjack toad,
753:
650:Topped lavender,
617:Shrubby Sea-blite
554:or The Painted).
342:Thymus mastichina
268:, the reed area (
241:Marisma del Prado
141:
140:
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1190:
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1127:
1123:
1112:
1105:
1101:
1095:
1088:
1084:
1028:Mauremys leprosa
1014:Mauremys leprosa
985:Cobitis paludica
937:Iberian barbel,
913:Continental fish
754:
380:Armeria linkiana
314:Tamarix africana
127:
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955:Barbus sclateri
915:
897:Triturus boscai
809:
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711:
677:Picris wilkommi
611:
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513:caño del puntal
501:
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403:caño del puntal
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374:Picris wilkommi
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1060:
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1033:
1022:
1019:
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989:
981:
980:(a Cyprinidae)
973:
965:
958:
950:
943:
935:
927:
914:
911:
910:
909:
901:
894:Bosca's newt,
892:
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875:
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859:
851:
843:
829:
821:
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488:Guadiana river
467:
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451:
448:
434:
433:Robalito Point
431:
394:
391:
354:
347:
324:Arthrocnemetea
298:
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940:Barbus comizo
936:
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928:
926:
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921:Sea lamprey,
920:
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840:Bufo calamita
836:
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828:
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823:Common toad,
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579:Bird sighting
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444:Frankeniaceae
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266:Isla Cristina
258:
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211:Carrera marsh
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184:Isla Cristina
178:
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161:Isla Cristina
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64:
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40:
31:
27:
22:
17:
1203:
1199:(in Spanish)
1194:
1185:
1181:(in Spanish)
1176:
1167:
1164:(in Spanish)
1159:
1148:(in Spanish)
1126:(in Spanish)
1107:
1104:(in Spanish)
1099:
1090:
1087:(in Spanish)
1046:
1040:
1038:
1026:
1024:
1012:
992:
983:
975:
967:
960:
953:
945:
938:
930:
929:allis shad,
922:
916:
904:
895:
887:
878:
870:
862:
854:
846:
838:
832:
824:
816:
810:
797:
794:
786:
773:
737:
690:
684:
682:
675:
667:
659:
651:
642:
634:
633:Stone pine,
628:
600:
596:
592:
588:
586:
582:
566:
558:
551:
544:
517:
512:
502:
493:
485:
473:
469:
453:
436:
420:
414:
402:
396:
384:
378:
372:
365:Arthrocnemum
364:
358:
356:
350:
340:
334:
328:
322:
312:
306:
300:
291:
269:
263:
246:
240:
214:
206:
199:
195:
192:
181:
144:
142:
1042:lutra lutra
991:Mummichog,
932:Alosa alosa
872:Rana perezi
669:Suaeda vera
636:Pinus pinea
602:Lutra lutra
460:needlegrass
407:needlegrass
399:sarcocornia
393:The Tamijar
217:needlegrass
107:Designation
86: /
62:Coordinates
1218:Categories
1071:References
807:Amphibians
799:appendix (
783:Mummichogs
691:macrocarpa
658:Rosemary,
552:El Pintado
550:) (a.k.a.
319:salicornia
278:tidal mill
229:broom bush
124:1989-09-23
117:Authorized
71:37°12′28″N
826:Bufo bufo
695:Andalusia
533:Ecomuseum
466:Geography
419:(gulls),
303:tamarisks
297:The Moral
225:halophyte
167:Structure
74:7°21′44″W
1059:See also
1021:Reptiles
674:Picris,
422:ardeidae
371:species
363:(former
274:Ayamonte
231:and the
188:Ayamonte
157:Ayamonte
149:Carreras
1053:muskrat
1035:Mammals
689:subsp.
571:Biology
456:Almajos
440:almajos
416:laridae
411:esparto
221:esparto
151:in the
132:Website
122: (
699:Huelva
427:herons
177:Huelva
791:Birds
709:Fauna
703:Cadiz
609:Flora
476:dykes
369:relic
270:cañas
900:LRnt
701:and
458:and
442:and
383:and
233:reed
159:and
143:The
99:Area
1051:or
837:or
803:).
1220::
1136:^
1116:^
1079:^
647:L.
548:es
339:,
311:,
163:.
425:(
409:(
353:)
321:(
305:(
280:(
243:)
219:(
126:)
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