443:(chambers open on one side) that open though massive pointed arches framed by a band of carved stone (as mentioned above) resembling linked chains. The outer walls of the southwestern and northeastern iwans are distinguished by an unusually extensive arrangement of windows: four rectangular windows at the bottom, above which are four arched windows, above which in turn are six round windows stacked in a triangular formation. One set of these windows is visible on the outside of the building (in the section to the right of the main entrance). The original roofs of the building were made of
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392:(alternating dark red and light stone) masonry, but more elaborate ablaq patterns appear above the doorway. On both lateral (side) walls of the portal are two "roundels" of differing floral and geometric compositions created using red stone. Outside the portal, two even larger roundel patterns of this kind appear above the windows on either side of the portal. Between these and the portal are keel-shaped niches (originating from
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ago, along with some other outlying structures. The building is located on higher ground than most of the surrounding area. Its entrance is located on its southeastern side, facing northeast. This entrance leads to a vestibule, which then leads to a large courtyard or main hall around which the northwestern part of the building is centered.
234:. Sha'ban had started building a monumental and lavishly-decorated mausoleum and madrasa for himself in 1375 but the building was still unfinished when he was assassinated in 1377. Since his mausoleum was incomplete, he was instead buried in the second mausoleum of the madrasa he had built to honour his mother (the
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The interior was ruined over time and little remains of the original structure other than the bare walls of the main halls, although it has recently been repaired and restored. Aside from the vestibule at the entrance, the interior is dominated by a rectangular central courtyard surrounded on four
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The monumental building, despite falling into ruin over the years, is nonetheless one of the most impressive structures in historic Cairo. What remains today is mostly the facade and the walls of the main hall; the upper floors and interior of the building having collapsed or disappeared some time
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The frontal facade is tall and imposing, and features a surprising richness of ornamentation and colour. Both here, on the exterior, and around the arches of the main hall/courtyard, are bands of carved stone that look like linked chains and serve to frame various elements of the architectural
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The maristan is set in an elevated position relative to the street in front of it and its entrance was originally reached by a spiral staircase (replaced by a regular staircase today). A sabil used to exist near the entrance, as did a school for orphans and a small mosque or oratory.
281:(the direction of prayer). Parts of the unfinished madrasa's walls, which were reportedly very tall and impressive, were possibly also reused. If so, this may also explain why this maristan building was equally monumental and impressive, which was rare for such a civic building.
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was present to see the construction. Unfortunately, al-Mu'ayyad died of illness the following year in 1421, before the building was able to properly begin its function as a hospital/maristan. In fact, it reportedly did not even provide services during the
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and Mu'ayyad Sheikh eventually succeeded to the throne, reigning from 1412 to 1421. He was known as a relatively humble and pious ruler who spent little on himself. Nonetheless, he managed to erect many religious and secular buildings (including
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which financed the foundation. As a result, they may have had an interest in cutting out operational costs for the hospital. Barsbay likely established a new endowment and trust for the conversion and operation of the building to a mosque.
269:) despite the unsettled political situation and the economic difficulties of Egypt at the time. He appropriated the site of Sha'ban's madrasa and built this maristan, even though a large bimaristan institution already existed as part of
315:. The waqf document briefly described the maristan but provided no instructions for how the space should be used, what services should be offered, or what staff should operate it (in contrast with the highly detailed waqf documents of
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Over time, the building fell into disuse and then into ruin. Only its monumental facade and the walls of its main hall remained standing. It only received some attention In recent years. In 2005, the
426:. One unusual detail is also found above the doorway: here, set along the middle of a double window, are two small decorative columns with carved snakes wrapping around them, which could be a
468:). The other chambers of the complex included a ward for female patients, an oratory or prayer room, a pharmacy, and a kitchen. There was an upper floor with a number of rooms as well as a
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outbreak of 1419-1420. For a year, the building was inhabited by a group of
Iranians then used by the Mamluk court as a guesthouse for ambassadors. In March 1422, under the reign of Sultan
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demolished some of the structures in front of the building to allow an unobstructed view of the facade. In the following years, the building was restored by the government as part of the
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further north. It is likely that the foundations of Sha'ban's demolished religious complex were reused for the maristan, as the building's floor plan is aligned with the
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alignment). Part of the foundation's failure to serve its intended function may be due to a lack of information and instructions outlined in the documents of its
206:. It did not serve its function as hospital very long and stood ruined for many years. Its facade and main walls have survived, and have been recently restored.
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in 1411 in order to reuse its materials for a number of other buildings, including the so-called Zawiya of Faraj ibn Barquq (located in front of
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s) from which water flowed down to the basin via small water channels in the floor (something also found in a courtyard of the
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Construction of the building began in July 1418 and was completed in August 1420. The famous
Egyptian historian
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documentation. The main courtyard had a central basin of water. Two of the iwans had wall fountains (
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of this sort, the descendants of al-Mu'ayyad were also entitled to keep any income from the
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645:(7th ed.). Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press. pp. 225–226.
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The unusual snake carvings around the columns of a window above the entrance.
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The maristan of al-Mu'ayyad (photographed in 2012) before recent restoration.
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neighbourhood. The unfinished structure was eventually dismantled by Sultan
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forms), formed with red paste or stone, which together appear to form the
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Beyond this, some of the building's original layout is known from the
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Cairo of the
Mamluks: A History of its Architecture and its Culture
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between 1418 and 1420. It is located on the southern edge of the
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Madrasa of Amir Sunqur Sa'di (Mausoleum of Hasan Sadaqa)
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660:. Leiden, the Netherlands: E.J. Brill. pp. 74–75.
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Sultan Faraj was assassinated in 1412 by rebellious
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414:. Further below these inscriptions are panels of
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915:Madrasa-Mausoleum of as-Salih Najm ad-Din Ayyub
643:Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide
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658:Islamic Architecture in Cairo: An Introduction
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611:. The American University in Cairo Press.
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385:. The overall facade makes use of
337:Historic Cairo Restoration Project
33:Monumental facade of the maristan.
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1274:Egyptian National Military Museum
1243:Tomb of Salar and Sangar-al-Gawli
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607:Doris Behren-Abouseif (2007).
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679:"Sultan Al-Muayyad Hospital"
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930:Mosque of Sultan al-Muayyad
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641:Williams, Caroline (2018).
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311:(a charitable trust in
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160:Maristan of al-Mu'ayyad
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683:World Monuments Fund
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1098:Lulua Mosque
1035:Main streets
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781:Bab al-Wazir
771:Bab al-Futuh
686:. Retrieved
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400:(in either
343:Description
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198:, near the
107: /
82:Coordinates
1359:Categories
832:(see also
688:2019-11-12
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508:References
482:Bimaristan
325:endowments
250:) and the
169:bimaristan
95:31°15′34″E
92:30°01′58″N
54:(hospital)
52:bimaristan
457:shadirvan
447:(wood).
439:sides by
136:Renovated
128:Completed
476:See also
434:Interior
379:muqarnas
224:maristan
174:maristan
149:Material
73:Location
1252:Museums
535:Archnet
411:shahada
402:thuluth
390:masonry
286:Maqrizi
228:madrasa
210:History
67:Islamic
1288:Others
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470:loggia
445:timber
406:naskhi
398:Arabic
291:plague
259:Mamluk
181:sultan
178:Mamluk
63:Mamluk
758:Gates
441:iwans
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388:ablaq
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262:amirs
196:Egypt
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152:stone
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