1504:. contiene: MASETTI, Carla, Presentazione, pp. 7–8; DAI PRÀ, Elena, Le opere di Martino Martini: momento e fattore di svolta nella cultura occidentale, pp. 9–14; SURDICH, Francesco, La "Flora Sinensis" e la "Clavis Medica" di Michael Boym, pp. 15–24; CONTI, Simonetta, Il lungo cammino della Cartografia. Dal Paradiso Terrestre alla realtà del lontano Oriente (secc. VII-XV), pp. 25–46; D’ASCENZO, Annalisa, I geografi italiani e la costruzione dell’immagine dell’Asia orientale fra tardo Quattrocento e Cinquecento, pp. 47–67; CARIOTI, Patrizia, La Cina al tempo di Martino Martini. Alcune riflessioni, pp. 68–90; Castelnovi Michele, Ultra Atlantem: l’interesse storicogeografico delle «altre» opere di Martino Martini, pp. 91–140; HUIZONG LU, Giulio Aleni e la visione cinese dell’universo, pp. 141–160; DUMBRAVĂ, Daniela, Il «Novus Atlas Sinensis» di Martino Martini versus l’«Opisanie Kitay» di Nicolae Milescu?, pp. 161–176; RICCI, Alessandro, Geografia, politica e commerci globali: Martino Martini e la cartografia olandese del Secolo d’Oro, pp. 177–193; ROSSI, Luisa, "La vision de l’amateur de cartes". François de Dainville, gesuita, storico della cartografia, pp. 194–205; ROSSI, Massimo, Un atlante cinese per un pubblico europeo. I segni convenzionali nell’Atlas Sinensis del 1655 di Martino Martini, pp. 206–219; DAI PRÀ, Elena e MASTRONUNZIO, Marco, La misura dell’impero. Mappe napoleoniche per i confini della Mitteleuropa, pp. 220–232.
1492:, Martini, Nieuhof und die Vereinigte Ostindische Compagnie der Niederländer, pp. 137–158; PIASTRA, Stefano, Francesco Brancati, Martino Martini and Shanghai's Lao Tang (Old Church): Mapping, Perception and Cultural Implications of a Place, pp. 159–181. WIDMAIER, Rita, Modallogik versus Probabilitätslogik: Logik der Tatsachenwahrheit bei G. W. Leibniz und Martino Martini bei den virulenten Fragen im Ritenstreit, pp. 183–198; CRIVELLER, Gianni, Martino Martini e la controversia dei riti cinesi, pp. 199–222; MORALI, Ilaria, Aspetti teologici della controversia sui riti e loro attualità a 50 anni dal Concilio Vaticano II: contributo ad una Teologia delle Religioni autenticamente cattolica, pp. 223–250; ANTONUCCI, Davor, Scritti inediti di Martino Martini: ipotesi di lavoro e di ricerca, pp. 251–284; PATERNICÒ, Luisa M., The Manuscript of the Sinicae Historiae Decas Prima in the Vatican Library, pp. 285–298; Castelnovi, Michele, Da Il Libro delle Meraviglie al Novus Atlas Sinensis, una rivoluzione epistemologica: Martino Martini sostituisce Marco Polo, pp. 299–336; BERGER, Katrien, Martino Martini De Bello Tartarico: a comparative study of Latin text and his translations, pp. 337–362; YUAN XI, Una ricerca terminologica sull’opera teologica martiniana Zhenzhu lingxing lizheng, pp. 363–388.
901:
25:
1483:
della
Regione Autonoma Trentino-Alto Adige/Sudtirol), 2016. Contiene: Preface of the editors, pp. 7–9; GOLVERS, Noel, Note on the Newly Discovered Portrait of Martini, 1654, by Flemish painter Michaelina Wautier (1617-1689), pp. 9–12; MASINI, Federico, Introduction, pp. 13–18; SCARTEZZINI, Riccardo e CATTANI, Piergiorgio, Il secolo dei gesuiti a Trento: Martini e la città del Concilio tra mondo italiano e germanico, pp. 19–44.
408:, in southern Zhejiang, where Martini happened to be on a mission for Zhu Yujian, was besieged by the Qing and was about to fall, the Jesuit decorated the house where he was staying with a large red poster with seven characters saying, "Here lives a doctor of the divine Law who has come from the Great West". Under the poster he set up tables with European books, astronomical instruments, etc., surrounding an altar with an image of
119:
836:
1315:
266:
1482:
Paternicò, Luisa M.; von COLLANI, Claudia, Scartezzini
Riccardo (editors), Martino Martini Man of Dialogue, Proceedings of the International Conference held in Trento on October 15–17, 2014 for the 400th anniversary of Martini's birth, Università degli Studi di Trento (con il contributo del DAAD e
1471:
Castelnovi
Michele, Il cibo nell’Impero cinese secondo l’Atlante di Martino Martini, in Alimentazione, Ambiente, Società e Territorio: per uno sviluppo sostenibile e responsabile. Contributi e riflessioni geografiche a partire dai temi di Expo Milano 2015, a cura di Alessandro Leto, supplemento al
1399:
Quaini, Massimo and
Castelnovi, Michele, "Visioni del Celeste Impero. L’immagine della Cina nella cartografia occidentale", Genova, Il Portolano, 2007 (English: Massimo Quaini e Michele Castelnovi, Visions of the celestial empire. China's image in western cartography, Genova, Il Portolano, 2007).
1487:
LENTINI, Orlando, Da
Martino Martini a Zhang Weiwei, pp. 45–64; Von COLLANI, Claudia, Two Astronomers: Martino Martini and Johann Adam Schall von Bell, pp. 65–94; RUSSO, Mariagrazia, Martino Martini e le lettere portoghesi: tasselli per un percorso biografico, pp. 95–112; GOLVERS,
1422:
Masini, Federico, "Martino
Martini: China in Europe", in Paternicò Luisa M. (editor), The Generation of Giants. Jesuit Missionaries and Scientists in China on the Footsteps of Matteo Ricci, "Sulla via del Catai", n. 11, Trento: Centro Studi Martini, 2011, pp. 39–44 (Italian version: Masini,
879:
calls
Martini "the leading geographer of the Chinese mission, one who was unexcelled and hardly equalled, during the XVIII century ... There was no other missionary, either before or after, who made such diligent use of his time in acquiring information about the country". (China, I, 674 sq.)
1423:
Federico, Martino
Martini: la Cina in Europa, in Paternicò, Luisa M. (a cura di), La Generazione dei Giganti, Gesuiti scienziati e missionari in Cina sulle orme di Matteo Ricci, numero monografico di "Sulla via del Catai", anno V, numero 6, Genova, Il Portolano, 2011, pp. 70–82.
1400:
translated 《天朝大国的景象——西方地图中的中国》 , 本书由意大利学者曼斯缪·奎尼 （The book by the
Italian scholar Massimo Quaini） e 和他的学生米歇尔·卡斯特诺威（ and his student Michele Castelnovi), Shanghai, 范大学出版社 (ECNU - East China Normal University Press) – authorized translation allowed by Centro Martini di Trento, 2015.
892:(series 8 episode 24 titled "Something New"), as Robin and Barney converse, two maps from Martino Martini's Atlas are seen hanging in brown frames on the walls of a posh restaurant in New York City: to be precise, the top one represents Beijing province and the bottom one Fujian.
1463:
Castelnovi
Michele, La Cina come sogno e come incubo per gli occidentali, in "Sulla Via del Catai", Trento, anno VII, numero 9, maggio 2014 (numero monografico "La Cina come sogno e come incubo. Uno sguardo sull’immaginario onirico occidentale" a cura di M. Castelnovi),
416:. Martini agreed and had his head shaved in the Manchu way, and his Chinese dress and hat were replaced with Qing-style ones. The Qing then allowed him to return to his Hangzhou church and provided him and the Hangzhou Christian community with the necessary protection.
920:) note the discrepancy between the picture and the content of the book: the severed head held by the warrior has a queue, which is a Manchu hairstyle (also imposed by Manchu on the population of conquered China), and is not likely to be had by a Ming loyalist.
1335:
This is a mixed list of general references and further reading. The whole list should be converted with "Cite book". Only the most relevant items and relevant information should be kept. The list should be sorted in alphabetical order of the author's
495:
reported by Nasir al-Din matched those that Martini had learned in China. The story, soon published by Martini in the "Additamentum" to his Atlas of China, seemed to have finally convinced most European scholars that China and Cathay were the same.
562:
Martini travelled in at least fifteen countries in Europe and seven provinces of the Chinese empire, making stops in India, Java, Sumatra, the Philippines and South Africa. After studying in Trento and Rome, Martini reached
1451:
Castelnovi, Michele, Perché stampare un Atlante, in Scartezzini Riccardo (a cura di), Martino Martini Novus Atlas Sinensis: le mappe dell’atlante commentate, Trento, Università degli Studi di Trento, 2014, pp. 37–39.
1467:
Castelnovi Michele, Monti e fiumi della Cina secondo Martino Martini, in Approcci geo-storici e governo del territorio. 2: Scenari nazionale e internazionali (a cura di Elena Dai Prà), Milano, Franco Angeli, 2014,
465:, a scholar of Arabic and Persian at the university there. Golius did not know Chinese, but had read about "Cathay" in Persian books, and wanted to verify the truth of the earlier reports of Jesuits such as
1413:
Various authors, Riflessi d'Oriente. L'immagine della Cina nella cartografia europea, Mostra 18/12/08-18/02/09, a cura di Aldo Caterino, Genova, Il Portolano (Centro Studi Martino Martini di Trento), 2008.
1270:
1507:
Castelnovi Michele, From the Polo's Marvels To the Nieuhof's Falsiability, in "Documenti geografici – nuova serie" a cura di Alessandro Ricci, numero 1, Roma, gennaio-giugno 2016, pp. 55–101.
412:. When the Qing troops arrived, their commander was sufficiently impressed with the display to approach Martini politely and ask if he wished to switch his loyalty to the new
1235:
Opera Omnia, 1998, pp. 509–533, with maps p. 59, p. 96, p. 156, p. 447, p. 470-471 and pp. 534–535; Masini, 2008, pp. 244–246.
847:, 1861), Martini's corpse was found to be undecayed after twenty years. It became a longstanding object of cult, not only for Christians, until, in 1877, suspecting
550:
area where he built a three naves church that was considered to be one of the most beautiful in the country (1659–1661). The church was hardly built when he died of
974:
Of the great chronological work which Martini had planned, and which was to comprise the whole Chinese history from the earliest age, only the first part appeared:
1384:
Masini, Federico; Paternicò, Luisa M.; Antonucci, Davor (2014). "Martino Martini, Opera Omnia, vol. V – De Bello Tartarico Historia e altri scritti". Trento, 2014.
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54:
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1654) is also important as Chinese history, for Martini himself had lived through the frightful occurrences which brought about the overthrow of the ancient
546:
In 1658, after a most difficult journey, he was back in China with the favourable decree. He was again involved in pastoral and missionary activities in the
1567:
1441:
Paternicò, Luisa M. (2013). When the Europeans Began to Study Chinese, Leuven Chinese Studies XXIV, Leuven: Ferdinand Verbiest Institute, KU Leuven, 2013,
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541:
430:
In 1651 Martini left China for Rome as the Delegate of the Chinese Mission Superior. He took advantage of the long, adventurous voyage (going first to the
510:
In the spring of 1655 Martini reached Rome. There, in Rome, was the most difficult part of his journey. He had brought along (for the Holy Office of the
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1049:(1652–1653). The first manuscript grammar of Mandarin Chinese and the first grammar of the Chinese language ever printed and published in M. Thévenot
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the most complete geographical description of China that we possess, and through which Martini has become the father of geographical learning on China
524:(Veneration of ancestors, and other practices allowed to new Christians). Discussions and debates took place for five months, at the end of which the
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Paternicò, Luisa M. (2013). When the Europeans Began to Study Chinese, Leuven Chinese Studies XXIV, Leuven: Ferdinand Verbiest Institute, KU Leuven.
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1390:
Various authors, "Martino Martini geografo, cartografo, storico, teologo" (Trento 1614-Hangzhou 1661, atti del Convegno Internazionale, Trento 1983.
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1557:
1501:
1457:
1435:
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DAI PRÀ, Elena (a cura di), La storia della cartografia e Martino Martini, Milano, Franco Angeli (collana: "Scienze geografiche"), 2015 –
900:
1577:
859:
Today's scientists have shown increasing interest in the works of Martini. During an international convention organized in the city of
1035:(Hangzhou, 1661) that could have been the first anthology of Western authors available in China (Martini's selection drew mainly from
400:
Longwu Emperor. Soon enough, the Qing troops reached Zhejiang. According to Martini's report (which appeared in some editions of his
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1372:
Bertuccioli, Giuliano (1998). "Martino Martini, Opera Omnia, vol. I – Lettere e documenti". Trento, Università degli Studi di Trento
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1295:
1152:
796:
94:
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Longo, Giuseppe O., Il Mandarino di Dio. Un gesuita nel Celeste Impero. Dramma in tre scene, Trento, Centro Studi M. Martini, 2008.
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who believed that Cathay was the same place as China, where they lived or, visited. Golius was familiar with the discussion of the
1340:
1142:
1080:
875:, the accuracy of his investigations, the depth of his understanding of things Chinese are examples for the modern sinologists".
863:(his birthplace), a member of the Chinese academy of Social Sciences, Prof. Ma Yong said: "Martini was the first to study the
350:
1375:
Bertuccioli, Giuliano (1998). "Martino Martini, Opera Omnia, vol. II – Opere minori". Trento, Università degli Studi di Trento
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Masini, Federico; Paternicò, Luisa M. (2010). "Martino Martini, Opera Omnia, vol. IV – Sinicae Historiae Decas Prima. Trento
487:, completed in 1272. When Golius met Martini (who, of course, knew no Persian), the two scholars found that the names of the
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70:
1005:. The works have been repeatedly published and translated into different languages. There is also a later version, entitled
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220:
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Masini, Federico, Martino Martini, in Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, vol. 71, Roma, IPZS, 2008, pp. 244–246.
1259:, par le P. Louis Pfister,...Tome I, XVIe et XVIIe siècles -Impr. de la Mission catholique (Shanghaï)-1932, pp. 256-262.
1210:
1330:
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Demarchi, F. and Scartezzini, R. (eds), "M. Martini – a Humanist and Scientist in XVIIth century China", Trento, 1996
46:
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393:
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Longo, Giuseppe O., Il gesuita che disegnò la Cina. La vita e le opere di Martino Martini, Milano, Springer, 2010.
265:
50:
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305:(1634–1637). However, his main interest was astronomy and mathematics, which he studied under the supervision of
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to submit to them historical and cartographic data he had prepared. The works were printed and made him famous.
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876:
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Il primo atlante dell’Impero di Mezzo. Il contributo di Martino Martini alla conoscenza geografica della Cina
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Bolognani, B. (1978). "L'Europa scopre il volto della Cina; Prima biografia di Padre Martino Martini". Trento
782:
954:
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Baldacci, Osvaldo, "Validità cartografica e fortuna dell'Atlas Sinensis di Martino Martini", Trento, 1983
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Province, from where he did much travelling in order to gather scientific information, especially on the
35:
1123:
1095:
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889:
576:
238:
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A European artist's impression of a Manchu warrior devastating China, from the title page of Martini's
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39:
554:(1661). David E. Mungello wrote that he died of rhubarb overdosing which aggravated his constipation.
491:
into which, according to Nasir al-Din, the "Cathayans" were dividing the day, as well as those of the
404:), the Jesuit was able to switch his allegiance to China's new masters in an easy but bold, way. When
1532:
1527:
1257:
Notices biographiques et bibliographiques sur les jésuites de l'ancienne mission de Chine (1552-1773)
963:
909:
803:), and finally Rome. For his last journey (from 11 January 1656 to 17 July 1658) Martini sailed from
484:
1378:
Bertuccioli, Giuliano (2002). "Martino Martini, Opera Omnia, vol. III – Novus Atlas Sinensis (1655)"
1325:
1031:
Besides these, Martini wrote a series of theological and apologetical works in Chinese, including a
366:
63:
59:
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with 17 maps and 171 pages of text was, in the words of the early 20th-century German geographer
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616:
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310:
306:
1512:
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514:) a long and detailed communication from the Jesuit missionaries in China, in defence of their
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in 1642 where he studied Chinese for some time. In 1643 he crossed the border and settled in
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872:
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511:
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812:
759:
462:
254:
1430:, Trento, Centro Studi Martino Martini per le relazioni culturali Europa-Cina, 2012.
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of China with rigorous scientific objectivity; the extent of his knowledge of the
289:, Holy Roman Empire. After finishing high school in Trento in 1631, he joined the
1472:
numero 2 di "Ambiente, Società e Territorio", Roma, giugno 2015, pp. 69–72,
1161:
1020:
1007:
993:
934:
695:
431:
309:. His request to undertake missionary work in China was eventually approved by
930:
767:
492:
377:
362:
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294:
961:
did not fully supersede Martini's work. The maps were reprinted in the 1659
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823:(Indonesia) resting over a month, Makassar (where he met a Dominican friar,
816:
763:
727:
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274:
835:
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815:(to escape pirates), to Alicante, Lisboa, Goa, the Portuguese colony of
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1199:. Volume III, "A Century of Advance", Book Four, "East Asia", p. 1577.
1116:
532:(23 March 1656). A battle was won, but the controversy did not abate.
507:
missionary explorer and the world-renowned cartographer of New Spain.
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603:(on the China's southern coast, administrated by the Portuguese),
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409:
264:
1268:
A very high quality zoomable scan can be seen at gallica.bnf.fr:
1056:
Several works, among them a Chinese translation of the works of
754:
where he met the archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria, the Dutch
302:
253:). As a cartographer and historian, he mainly worked on ancient
1488:
Noel, Martino Martini in the Low Countries, pp. 113–136;
1308:
1144:
Curious Land: Jesuit Accommodation and the Origins of Sinology
1021:
Brevis Relatio de Numero et Qualitate Christianorum apud Sinas
592:
18:
953:. The French Jesuits of the time concurred, saying that even
442:). Further, and still on his way to Rome, he met printers in
499:
On his way to Rome, Martini met his then 10-year-old cousin
392:, Martini continued working with the short-lived regime of
438:, Norway, which he reached on 31 August 1653, and then to
57:
and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
16:
Jesuit missionary, cartographer and historian (1614–1661)
773:
He reached almost certainly some cities in France, then
843:
According to the attestation of Prosper Intorcetta (in
734:(a stop of twenty days in the fort, the Dutch Governor
317:
of the Jesuits. He pursued his theological studies in
293:, continuing his studies of classical literature and
321:(1637–1639), where he was ordained priest (1639, in
198:
188:
180:
159:
133:
128:
109:
1245:http://www.cczj.org/company.asp?id=195&page=2
518:missionary and religious approach: the so-called
1147:. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 106–107.
827:), Macao, and finally Hangzhou, where he died.
1271:"Quantung imperii sinarum provincia duodecima"
599:(a port in the northwestern region of India),
1008:Regni Sinensis a Tartaris devastati enarratio
906:Regni Sinensis a Tartaris devastati enarratio
8:
1215:. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 30–.
1184:Lach, Donald F.; Van Kley, Edwin J. (1994),
384:, and the last legitimate Ming emperor, the
333:He set out for China in 1640 and arrived in
38:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to
1076:Immaculate Conception Cathedral of Hangzhou
542:Immaculate Conception Cathedral of Hangzhou
372:Soon after Martini's arrival to China, the
353:: he visited several provinces, as well as
53:and maintains a consistent citation style.
1015:, it has some additions, such as an index.
117:
106:
1359:Learn how and when to remove this message
1018:Interesting as missionary history is his
929:, which appeared as part of volume 10 of
237:; 20 September 1614 – 6 June 1661) was a
95:Learn how and when to remove this message
1188:, Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
984:1658), which reached until the birth of
1107:
766:, where he met the famous cartographer
380:'s rebels (April 1644) and then to the
434:, from thence on a Dutch privateer to
361:. He made great use of his talents as
202:Missionary, cartographer and historian
7:
1212:The Forgotten Christians of Hangzhou
1127:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1051:Relations des divers voyages curieux
1548:Italian Roman Catholic missionaries
579:(a port near to Seville in Spain),
483:, a work by the Persian astronomer
45:Please consider converting them to
1568:17th-century Italian cartographers
1209:David E. Mungello (January 1994).
884:Martino Martini in popular culture
595:(in the western region of India),
14:
1115:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
1011:(1661); compared to the original
925:Martini's most important work is
851:, the hierarchy had it reburied.
528:issued a decree in favour of the
1583:17th-century Italian translators
1313:
1081:Vicariate Apostolic of Kiang-nan
23:
1543:20th-century Italian historians
1060:, which has not been found yet.
503:who later became another famed
233:
224:
216:
49:to ensure the article remains
1:
783:Hunting Pavilion of Ebersdorf
184:Tridentine, Holy Roman Empire
1573:Jesuit missionaries in China
1558:17th-century Italian Jesuits
1186:Asia in the Making of Europe
396:, who set himself up as the
1333:. The specific problem is:
1162:De Bello Tartarico Historia
1047:Grammatica Linguae Sinensis
1013:De Bello Tartarica Historia
994:De Bello Tartarico Historia
977:Sinicæ Historiæ Decas Prima
908:. Modern historians (e.g.,
839:Martini's grave in Hangzhou
123:Portrait of Martino Martini
1604:
1578:Italian emigrants to China
1329:to meet Knowledge (XXG)'s
619:, between the mountains),
539:
423:
394:Zhu Yujian, Prince of Tang
388:, hanged himself. Down in
959:Description...de la Chine
888:In the television series
426:Chinese Rites controversy
116:
947:Ferdinand von Richthofen
877:Ferdinand von Richthofen
420:The Chinese Rites affair
376:capital Beijing fell to
1118:"Martino Martini"
722:island, capital of the
493:24 sections of the year
921:
840:
831:Post-mortem phenomenon
365:, scholar, writer and
278:
273:, by Martino Martini,
245:(now in Italy, then a
1426:Castelnovi, Michele,
1124:Catholic Encyclopedia
1096:Jesuit China missions
1091:Christianity in China
903:
890:How I Met Your Mother
838:
577:Sanlucar de Barrameda
461:, Martini was met by
457:When passing through
424:Further information:
329:In the Chinese Empire
268:
1553:Italian orientalists
1341:improve this section
1255:"Martin Martini" in
964:Geographica Blaviana
941:1655). This work, a
927:Novus Atlas Sinensis
910:Pamela Kyle Crossley
738:had built in 1652),
686:(a port in southern
485:Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
281:Martini was born in
271:Novus Atlas sinensis
1588:Italian sinologists
1563:Deaths from cholera
969:Atlas van der Hagen
475:"Cathayan" calendar
241:born and raised in
213:traditional Chinese
154:, Holy Roman Empire
1538:People from Trento
1139:Mungello, David E.
922:
841:
794:Holy Roman Emperor
792:(where he met the
758:(with the scholar
617:Guangdong province
609:Guangdong Province
402:De bello tartarico
311:Mutius Vitelleschi
307:Athanasius Kircher
287:Bishopric of Trent
279:
221:simplified Chinese
152:Bishopric of Trent
1502:978-88-917-2864-7
1468:pp. 274–283.
1458:978-88-77023-65-0
1436:978-88-8443-403-6
1406:978-7-5617-9620-7
1369:
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1331:quality standards
1322:This section may
1222:978-0-8248-1540-0
1195:978-0-226-46734-4
1159:. Also, p. 99 in
1086:Religion in China
825:Domingo Navarrete
775:Monaco di Baviera
680:Zhejiang Province
656:Shandong Province
645:Zhejiang Province
386:Chongzhen Emperor
251:Holy Roman Empire
239:Jesuit missionary
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1349:January 2021
1346:
1339:Please help
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1533:1661 deaths
1528:1614 births
1343:if you can.
1033:De Amicitia
935:Atlas Maior
786: [
696:Philippines
658:he reached
432:Philippines
313:, the then
261:Early years
181:Nationality
163:6 June 1661
1522:Categories
1102:References
1043:writings).
931:Joan Blaeu
914:The Manchu
768:Joan Blaeu
378:Li Zicheng
363:missionary
359:Great Wall
295:philosophy
199:Occupation
140:1614-09-20
51:verifiable
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939:Amsterdam
869:geography
817:Larantuka
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728:Cape Town
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440:Amsterdam
390:Zhenjiang
347:geography
285:, in the
275:Amsterdam
36:bare URLs
1336:surname.
1324:require
1141:(1989).
1071:Hangzhou
1065:See also
1028:, 1654).
1026:Brussels
955:du Halde
849:idolatry
801:Habsburg
752:Brussels
732:Kaapstad
704:Sulawesi
700:Makassar
694:(in the
649:Shanghai
641:Hangzhou
629:Jiujiang
621:Nanchang
613:Nanxiong
569:Alicante
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367:superior
357:and the
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339:Hangzhou
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865:history
748:Antwerp
744:Hamburg
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716:Jakarta
712:Batavia
676:Wenzhou
670:in the
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664:Beijing
660:Tianjin
637:Nanjing
581:Seville
558:Travels
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