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340:, United States of America, and bought by Martinair Holland N.V. on 21 September 1973 and was registered in the Netherlands register under Registration No. 2064 on 21 September 1973. The Certilcate of Airworthiness Was last renewed in the transport category on 7 November 1974 and was valid until 14 December 1975. “The aircraft had flown a total number of 35,613 hours of which 3,347 hours had been with Martinair It was equipped with four
445:'Katunayake Non-Directional Beacon'. This message was acknowledged by the crew but there was no further communication with the aircraft. Eyewitnesses stated that the plane was flying at a level below normal and there was no evidence of a fire on board and all the engines sounded normal with no malfunctions evident. The sound of the aircraft exploding on impact was heard clearly by residents close to the site of the crash.
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Investigators listed the cause of the accident to be a "collision with rising terrain as the crew descended the aircraft below safe altitude owing to incorrect identification of their position vis-a-vis the airport. The investigation is of the opinion that this was the result of dependence on
Doppler
451:
Repeated attempts to make contact with the aircraft from approach control met with no success and in consultation with
Colombo area control the distress phase was initiated. Search and rescue operations began subsequently. The country of registry of the aircraft (The Netherlands) and the country of
319:
in
Colombo cleared the flight. At 16.38 UTC another air traffic controller is said to have intervened, cleared the flight down to 5,000 ft (1,500 m) and reported clearing to 8,000 ft (2,400 m). Colombo approach then cleared the flight down to 2,000 ft (610 m) at 16.44
444:
The aircraft then descended from 35,000 feet (11,000 m) and was handed back over to approach control. Approach control then cleared the aircraft down to 2,000 feet (610 m) and the flight crew was required to report back if they sighted the airfield or if their position was overhead the
534:
sang about the incident in his song "DC8." A second memorial, placed by family members from Asia and Europe, has been put on the slopes below the place of accident. Approximately 30 years after the accident, Martinair added a plaquette with only eight names of the crew. At
359:
The crew of Flight 138 was
Captain Hendrik Lamme, First Officer Robert Blomsma, Flight Engineer Johannes Wijnands, Purser Ingrid van der Vliet and Flight Attendants Henrietta Borghols, Abdul Hamid Usman, Lilik Herawati, Titia van Dijkum, and Hendrika van Hamburg.
530:, which is several miles from the crash site. In addition, a tire which was recovered from the crash site has been put on display to the public. The tire, even though displayed in public, remains property of the Norton Bridge Police. Sri Lankan artist
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441:) indicating that they were 130 miles (113 nmi; 209 km) away and so approach reported the weather conditions and requested the aircraft to change over to Colombo area control for a descent clearance.
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and told the flight to expect a runway 04 approach. The crew aboard Flight 138 were then asked to report when the airport was in sight. The crew then continued their descent until the aircraft crashed into
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mountain range at an altitude of approximately 4,355 ft (1,327 m) and at around 40 nmi (74 km; 46 mi) east of
Colombo.
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pilgrims, and nine crew members. The crash remains the deadliest in Sri Lankan aviation history and the third-deadliest involving a DC-8, after
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manufacture (USA) were informed. Indonesia was also informed of the accident as many of the passengers were nationals of that country.
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730:"Report on the accident to Martinair DC-8 PH-MBH on 4th December 1974 at Theberton Estate, Maskeliya, Sri Lanka"
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308:. At the time of the crash, it was the second-deadliest aviation accident in history, after the crash of
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in
Colombo, Sri Lanka. The aircraft contacted Katunayaka approach control at around 16:16 UTC (21:30
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Flight 138 departed
Surabaya for Jeddah via Colombo at approximately 12.03 UTC. At around 16.30 UTC
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shortly before landing, killing all 191 people aboard – 182 passengers, all of whom were
Indonesian
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and
Weather Radar Systems on board PH-MBH which left room for misinterpretation."
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539:, a memorial has been placed as well. The reason for this location is unknown.
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It was later discovered that the aircraft had crashed into the fifth mountain.
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The aircraft involved in the accident seen in 1972 while still in service with
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679:"ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10 TC-JAV Bois d'Ermenonville"
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708:(. ed.). Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press. p. 592.
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built in 1966 with registration PH-MBH. The aircraft was owned by
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A recovered tire and the memorial plaquette at Norton Bridge.
352:, which at the time was operating Hajj charter flights for
388:, Sri Lanka. It crashed at around 40 nautical miles from
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2317:Accidents and incidents involving the Douglas DC-8
1668:Francistown Wenela Air Services Douglas DC-4 crash
2060:Pakistan International Airlines Flight 740 (1979)
1073:Compagnie Internationale de Navigation AĂ©rienne
604:
602:
526:A small memorial has been built in the town of
429:) for a flight to Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, with a
1501:Sri Lanka Air Force Avro 748 (CR834) shootdown
1493:Sri Lanka Air Force Avro 748 (CR835) shootdown
425:in Surabaya at approximately 12:03 UTC (19:13
380:The aircraft crashed on the fifth mountain of
2302:Aviation accidents and incidents in Sri Lanka
1880:
1537:
1458:Aviation accidents and incidents in Sri Lanka
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8:
739:, Department of Civil Aviation. 16 June 1975
21:
494:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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514:Learn how and when to remove this message
2307:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1974
2240:
2156:Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Hajj
1078:Société Générale des Transports Aériens
598:
541:
312:which occurred earlier that same year.
2100:1695 Capture of the Grand Mughal Fleet
417:The crash site according to villagers.
1818:Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 6231
762:Civil Aviation Authority of Sri Lanka
706:McDonnell Douglas aircraft since 1920
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384:mountain range at Therberton estate,
7:
1083:Transports AĂ©riens Intercontinentaux
492:adding citations to reliable sources
2075:Turkish Airlines Flight 5904 (1999)
2070:Nigeria Airways Flight 2120 (1991)
1648:Sierra Pacific Airlines Flight 802
435:Bandaranaike International Airport
390:Bandaranaike International Airport
198:Bandaranaike International Airport
14:
2322:Martinair accidents and incidents
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1928:Crushes and crowd-related issues
1578:Commonwealth Commuter Flight 317
1554:Aviation accidents and incidents
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1718:British Airways bombing attempt
1088:Union AĂ©romaritime de Transport
344:engines which were modified by
916:Gol Linhas AĂ©reas Inteligentes
409:Events leading to the accident
67:Controlled flight into terrain
1:
1896:Incidents related to the Hajj
1708:EgyptAir Tupolev Tu-154 crash
1041:Predecessors and acquisitions
2327:December 1974 events in Asia
2055:LoftleiĂ°ir Flight 001 (1978)
1758:Eastern Air Lines Flight 212
704:Francillon, René J. (1988).
423:Juanda International Airport
348:. The aircraft was owned by
183:Juanda International Airport
2332:1974 disasters in Sri Lanka
2050:Martinair Flight 138 (1974)
1658:Sterling Airways Flight 901
1638:Turkish Airlines Flight 981
1608:Turkish Airlines Flight 301
1004:Rotterdam The Hague Airport
421:The aircraft took off from
342:Pratt & Whitney JT3D-3B
310:Turkish Airlines Flight 981
306:Nigeria Airways Flight 2120
2348:
2141:1863–1875 cholera pandemic
2136:1817–1824 cholera pandemic
994:Amsterdam Airport Schiphol
288:. On 4 December 1974, the
1936:1990 Mecca tunnel tragedy
1902:
1847:
1778:Panarctic Oils Flight 416
1738:Norfolk mid-air collision
1628:Delta Airlines Flight 523
1569:
1463:
1231:Garuda Indonesian Airways
984:Charles de Gaulle Airport
685:. Aviation Safety Network
658:. Aviation Safety Network
354:Garuda Indonesian Airways
139:Garuda Indonesian Airways
51:4 December 1974
26:
2151:MERS-related coronavirus
2065:Saudia Flight 163 (1980)
1788:Surgut mid-air collision
842:KLM Royal Dutch Airlines
1323:Accidents and incidents
779:Aviation Safety Network
575:The memorial plaquette.
338:Seaboard World Airlines
294:crashed into a mountain
2045:Royal Jordanian (1973)
1768:Air Vietnam Flight 706
652:"Accident description"
418:
377:
302:Arrow Air Flight 1285R
16:1974 aviation accident
1994:Protests and violence
1477:LoftleiĂ°ir Flight 001
1022:History of Air France
934:Scandinavian Airlines
737:Ministry of Transport
587:LoftleiĂ°ir Flight 001
416:
371:
292:operating the flight
2213:Stoning of the Devil
2174:2006 hostel collapse
2022:1926 mahmal incident
1828:Martinair Flight 138
1798:Lufthansa Flight 540
1698:Aeroflot Il-18 crash
1678:Court Line Flight 95
1588:Aeroflot Flight H-75
1485:Air Lanka Flight 512
1469:Martinair Flight 138
1032:History of Transavia
818:Air France–KLM Group
488:improve this section
372:A panoramic view of
266:Martinair Flight 138
100:6.89222°N 80.49056°E
22:Martinair Flight 138
2179:2015 crane collapse
1856:► 1975
1850:1973 ◄
1149:John Nicolaas Block
683:aviation-safety.net
656:aviation-safety.net
563:The recovered tire.
332:The aircraft was a
317:air traffic control
96: /
23:
2197:2024 Hajj disaster
1853:
1509:Lionair Flight 602
873:Minority interests
620:on 7 November 2014
419:
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121:Aircraft type
69:due to pilot error
2312:1974 in Sri Lanka
2231:
2230:
2017:1757 caravan raid
2012:930 sack of Mecca
1862:
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1838:Avensa Flight 358
1688:Pan Am Flight 812
1618:Pan Am Flight 806
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999:Eindhoven Airport
886:Air CĂ´te d'Ivoire
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334:Douglas DC-8-55CF
328:Aircraft and crew
284:with stopover in
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125:Douglas DC-8-55CF
105:6.89222; 80.49056
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2007:924 caravan raid
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1511:(September 1998)
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1386:Fokker F28 crash
1374:Fokker F28 crash
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1503:(29 April 1995)
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1027:History of KLM
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2166:Construction
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2095:ship sinking
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1917:Saudi Arabia
1827:
1468:
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1312:GMF AeroAsia
1295:Subsidiaries
1246:Destinations
1103:De Kroonduif
989:Orly Airport
944:Destinations
825:Subsidiaries
767:Final report
741:. Retrieved
724:
705:
699:
687:. Retrieved
682:
672:
660:. Retrieved
655:
622:. Retrieved
618:the original
613:
525:
510:
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486:Please help
474:
450:
447:
443:
420:
403:
382:Saptha Kanya
379:
374:Saptha Kanya
358:
331:
322:Saptha Kanya
314:
290:Douglas DC-8
265:
264:
170:Registration
80:, Sri Lanka
18:
2262:Netherlands
2223:MosqueMeToo
2107:SS Sardinia
1728:Buffalo 461
1225:Former name
1123:NetherLines
1068:AĂ©ropostale
1048:Air Antwerp
880:Air Corsica
532:Anton Jones
209:Destination
204:, Sri Lanka
189:, Indonesia
103: /
2296:Categories
2146:Hajj cough
1598:Togo crash
1487:(May 1986)
1302:Aerowisata
1053:Air Orient
977:Facilities
951:Air France
898:Air Tahiti
832:Air France
715:0870214284
662:31 January
624:31 January
593:References
394:Katunayake
272:flight of
248:Fatalities
232:Passengers
91:80°29′26″E
55:1974-12-04
35:LoftleiĂ°ir
2274:Sri Lanka
2250:Indonesia
2002:692 siege
1984:1997 fire
1169:Ben Smith
1063:Air Inter
1058:Air Union
961:Transavia
857:Transavia
852:Martinair
504:June 2020
475:does not
386:Maskeliya
350:Martinair
274:Martinair
256:Survivors
224:Occupants
161:Call sign
135:Martinair
88:6°53′32″N
78:Maskeliya
2286:Aviation
1307:Citilink
1239:Services
1113:KLM Exel
1108:KLM alps
904:Alitalia
882:(11.67%)
581:See also
456:Memorial
431:stopover
364:Location
278:Surabaya
194:Stopover
187:Surabaya
131:Operator
116:Aircraft
43:Accident
2236:Portals
2206:Related
2128:Disease
2116:SS Asia
1558: (
1556:in 1974
1014:History
930:(1.25%)
924:(7.12%)
906:(7.08%)
775:Archive
771:Archive
743:16 June
689:16 June
496:removed
481:sources
286:Colombo
270:charter
202:Colombo
63:Summary
53: (
1834:Dec 22
1794:Nov 20
1774:Oct 30
1764:Sep 15
1754:Sep 11
1714:Jul 23
1704:Jul 10
1694:Apr 27
1684:Apr 22
1674:Apr 18
1654:Mar 15
1644:Mar 13
1624:Feb 22
1614:Jan 30
1604:Jan 26
1594:Jan 24
1418:(2007)
1412:(2002)
1406:(1997)
1400:(1996)
1394:(1987)
1388:(1982)
1382:(1981)
1376:(1979)
1370:(1978)
1364:(1975)
1358:(1974)
1352:(1968)
1346:(1967)
1340:(1961)
1334:(1961)
1142:People
1118:KLM UK
966:France
918:(1.5%)
862:France
712:
610:"1970"
282:Jeddah
268:was a
217:Jeddah
174:PH-MBH
156:MPH138
2114:1930
2105:1908
2091:1502
1976:Fires
1913:Mecca
1824:Dec 4
1814:Dec 1
1804:Dec 1
1784:Nov 1
1744:Sep 8
1734:Aug 9
1724:Aug 9
1664:Apr 4
1634:Mar 3
1584:Jan 6
1574:Jan 6
1416:GA200
1410:GA421
1404:GA152
1398:GA865
1392:GA035
1380:GA206
1368:LL001
1362:GA150
1356:MP138
1350:GA892
1344:GA708
1338:GA542
1332:GA424
1255:Fleet
1093:AirUK
936:(20%)
888:(20%)
733:(PDF)
439:local
427:local
400:Cause
276:from
148:MP138
2189:Heat
2118:fire
2109:fire
2093:Miri
2084:Ship
1908:Hajj
1560:1974
1133:Joon
1098:Buzz
912:(2%)
900:(7%)
894:(3%)
777:via
745:2020
710:ISBN
691:2020
664:2015
626:2015
479:any
477:cite
304:and
298:Hajj
240:Crew
74:Site
48:Date
956:KLM
773:) (
490:by
433:at
346:KLM
280:to
251:191
235:182
227:191
2298::
1915:,
735:.
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634:^
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185:,
2238::
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517:)
511:(
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502:(
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484:.
259:0
243:9
57:)
37:.
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