31:
201:
In July 1778, Almy's husband joined the
Continental Army. While women elsewhere in the colonies suffered indignities and were otherwise punished for siding with the Tories, Almy's position as the wife of a Continental soldier and her legal dependency on her husband under property laws of the era may
229:
When I look over the list of my friends on both sides of the question, my heart shudders at the thought, what numbers must be slain, both so obstinate, so determined. Well may we say, what havoc does ambition make! Cursed
Frenchmen! They would not have come, had it not been for
214:. Entries in her journal are addressed to her husband and document her Loyalist sympathies, the hardships her family experienced during the siege on Newport, as well as her hopes for the health and success of her husband.
776:
225:
and the French fleet. After the French ships began shelling parts of
Newport on August 7, Almy led her mother and children to a house outside of town she had rented where they could be safe.
309:, an annotated version of Almy's original journal. He regards Almy's journal as one of the most important extant documents of Newport's history during the American Revolution.
283:
Almy's journal passed into the hands of her grandson Conrad C. Ellery. He made a copy of the journal in 1878, correcting spelling and grammar, and donated the journal to the
149:
and her father had inherited considerable wealth. His spending habits were said to be lavish, and upon his death debts attached to his estate left little for his children.
280:
As a historical document, Almy's journal is important in providing the perspective of a
Loyalist woman and context for Newport's involvement in the American Revolution.
157:
766:
771:
269:
254:, who stayed a night there on August 17, 1790, during his trip to Rhode Island. Almy saved the silk bed covering from the bed where Washington slept.
187:. She welcomed the British occupation of Newport in December 1776 and held disdain for the French for supposing they could "reign lords of the sea".
172:
426:
368:
30:
761:
380:
211:
756:
210:
Almy started keeping a journal of the events in
Newport on July 29, 1778, coinciding with the arrival of the French fleet of
184:
115:
284:
126:
238:, Almy finished her journal. She later gave it to a friend with instructions that it should only be read by her sister.
297:
published Almy's journal in four parts in
September 1917. The journal was also published in Elizabeth Evans' 1975 book
781:
751:
145:, the fourth of eight children of Mary (née Rathbone) and schoolteacher James Gould (d. 1768). Their family were
246:
Almy continued to run her boarding house out of the
Jahleel Brenton Townhouse following the Revolutionary War.
153:
235:
218:
111:
221:
on August 29, 1778. During the summer months, British forces in and around the city were besieged by the
258:
142:
107:
54:
36:
675:
419:
Mary Gould Almy's
Journal, 1778: During the Siege At Newport, Rhode Island, 29 July to 24 August 18778
110:, where she ran a boarding house. She kept a journal in 1778 documenting the events leading up to the
746:
741:
103:
631:
596:
588:
541:
494:
486:
302:
262:
130:
712:
194:, was confiscated by American patriots. The Almy family took up residence there and Almy ran a
623:
580:
533:
478:
422:
376:
251:
161:
443:
572:
525:
470:
247:
222:
119:
459:""Displaying the Ensigns of Harmony": The French Army in Newport, Rhode Island, 1780-1781"
293:
191:
195:
165:
735:
600:
498:
190:
Around 1775, the
Jahleel Brenton Townhouse, a mansion on Thames Street owned by
627:
584:
537:
482:
676:"Mrs. Mary Almy's account of the cannonading of the French Fleet in Newport"
529:
312:
The original manuscript is held by
Newport's Redwood Library and Athenaeum.
649:
474:
635:
545:
513:
490:
615:
592:
514:"Ambiguous Allegiances: Urban Loyalties during the American Revolution"
458:
146:
129:. It was first published 100 years after she wrote it. Naval historian
560:
160:. Three of her brothers were lost at sea. Her sister Patience married
268:
Almy died on March 25, 1808, in Newport. She was buried in Newport's
414:
287:
on August 17, 1878. The journal was published in the first issue of
576:
291:
in July 1880. Ellery also had the journal published in 1881. The
250:
was a guest at Almy's in June 1784. Her most famous guest was
217:
Almy's journal covers the events in Newport leading up to the
337:
Records from RIAMCO list her date of death as April 23, 1808.
171:
She married Benjamin Almy, an Anglican, in 1762 at Newport's
164:, who was a stamp distributor during the controversial 1765
616:"The British Occupation of Newport Rhode Island 1776–1779"
561:"Independence, Citizenship, and the American Revolution"
444:"Weathering the Storm: Women of the American Revolution"
680:
Rhode Island Archival and Manuscript Collections Online
133:
published an annotated version of the journal in 2018.
777:
Loyalists in the American Revolution from Rhode Island
706:
Weathering the Storm: Women of the American Revolution
299:
Weathering the Storm: Women of the American Revolution
125:
The original copy of her journal is held by Newport's
373:
Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia
85:
77:
61:
43:
21:
202:have shielded her from harassment or punishment.
158:Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
408:
406:
404:
402:
400:
398:
396:
394:
392:
375:. Waterford, Connecticut: Yorkin Publications.
227:
198:in the townhouse from around 1778 until 1790.
141:Mary Gould was born on December 16, 1735, in
8:
29:
18:
350:
321:
362:
360:
358:
356:
354:
102:(1735–1808) was a diarist during the
7:
152:Mary was the great-granddaughter of
156:, who had been the Governor of the
767:Writers from Newport, Rhode Island
413:Hattendorf, John Brewster (2018).
118:views, her husband fought for the
16:Early American diarist (1735–1808)
14:
772:Women in the American Revolution
682:. Redwood Library and Athenaeum
518:The Journal of American History
289:The Newport Historical Magazine
369:"Almy, Mary Gould (1735–1808)"
212:Charles Henri Hector d'Estaing
1:
614:Neimeyer, Charles P. (2010).
442:Geffen, Elizabeth M. (1975).
285:Redwood Library and Athenaeum
127:Redwood Library and Athenaeum
205:
559:Gundersen, Joan R. (1987).
512:Johnson, Donald F. (2017).
301:. In 2018, naval historian
265:of Almy, painted on ivory.
175:. They had eight children.
798:
371:. In Commire, Anne (ed.).
762:American women memoirists
717:History of American Women
656:. Smithsonian Institution
654:National Portrait Gallery
463:The New England Quarterly
307:Mary Gould Almy’s Journal
276:Publishing of her journal
257:Around 1797, the painter
28:
757:American women diarists
457:Jones, T. Cole (2012).
367:Martin, Crista (2002).
261:composed a watercolor
236:Battle of Rhode Island
234:After the August 1778
232:
219:Battle of Rhode Island
112:Battle of Rhode Island
708:. NY: Scribner, 1975.
530:10.1093/jahist/jax311
270:Common Burying Ground
259:Edward Greene Malbone
143:Newport, Rhode Island
137:Early life and family
108:Newport, Rhode Island
72:Newport, Rhode Island
55:Newport, Rhode Island
37:Edward Greene Malbone
35:Miniature of Almy by
475:10.1162/TNEQ_a_00208
206:Almy's 1778 journal
104:American Revolution
92:Mrs. Almy's Journal
782:American landlords
704:Evans, Elizabeth.
303:John B. Hattendorf
263:portrait miniature
131:John B. Hattendorf
752:American diarists
713:"Mary Gould Almy"
650:"Mary Gould Almy"
428:978-1-5439-4901-8
252:George Washington
179:Revolutionary War
162:Augustus Johnston
114:. Though she had
97:
96:
51:December 16, 1735
789:
728:
726:
724:
692:
691:
689:
687:
672:
666:
665:
663:
661:
646:
640:
639:
611:
605:
604:
556:
550:
549:
509:
503:
502:
454:
448:
447:
439:
433:
432:
410:
387:
386:
364:
338:
335:
329:
326:
248:Thomas Jefferson
223:Continental Army
120:Continental Army
88:
68:
33:
19:
797:
796:
792:
791:
790:
788:
787:
786:
732:
731:
722:
720:
719:. April 4, 2009
711:
701:
699:Further reading
696:
695:
685:
683:
674:
673:
669:
659:
657:
648:
647:
643:
613:
612:
608:
558:
557:
553:
511:
510:
506:
456:
455:
451:
441:
440:
436:
429:
412:
411:
390:
383:
366:
365:
352:
347:
342:
341:
336:
332:
327:
323:
318:
294:Newport Mercury
278:
244:
208:
192:Jahleel Brenton
181:
139:
106:. She lived in
100:Mary Gould Almy
86:
73:
70:
66:
57:
52:
50:
49:
39:
24:
23:Mary Gould Almy
17:
12:
11:
5:
795:
793:
785:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
734:
733:
730:
729:
709:
700:
697:
694:
693:
667:
641:
606:
577:10.1086/494386
551:
504:
449:
446:. p. 510.
434:
427:
415:"Introduction"
388:
381:
349:
348:
346:
343:
340:
339:
330:
320:
319:
317:
314:
277:
274:
243:
240:
207:
204:
196:boarding house
180:
177:
173:Trinity Church
138:
135:
95:
94:
89:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
71:
69:(aged 72)
65:March 25, 1808
63:
59:
58:
53:
47:
45:
41:
40:
34:
26:
25:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
794:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
739:
737:
718:
714:
710:
707:
703:
702:
698:
681:
677:
671:
668:
655:
651:
645:
642:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
610:
607:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
555:
552:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
508:
505:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
453:
450:
445:
438:
435:
430:
424:
420:
416:
409:
407:
405:
403:
401:
399:
397:
395:
393:
389:
384:
382:0-7876-4074-3
378:
374:
370:
363:
361:
359:
357:
355:
351:
344:
334:
331:
328:Also Rathbun.
325:
322:
315:
313:
310:
308:
304:
300:
296:
295:
290:
286:
281:
275:
273:
271:
266:
264:
260:
255:
253:
249:
241:
239:
237:
231:
226:
224:
220:
215:
213:
203:
199:
197:
193:
188:
186:
178:
176:
174:
169:
167:
163:
159:
155:
154:Walter Clarke
150:
148:
144:
136:
134:
132:
128:
123:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
93:
90:
84:
80:
76:
64:
60:
56:
46:
42:
38:
32:
27:
20:
721:. Retrieved
716:
705:
684:. Retrieved
679:
670:
658:. Retrieved
653:
644:
620:Army History
619:
609:
568:
564:
554:
521:
517:
507:
466:
462:
452:
437:
421:. BookBaby.
418:
372:
333:
324:
311:
306:
298:
292:
288:
282:
279:
267:
256:
245:
233:
228:
216:
209:
200:
189:
182:
170:
151:
140:
124:
99:
98:
91:
87:Notable work
67:(1808-03-25)
747:1808 deaths
742:1735 births
183:Almy was a
736:Categories
622:(74): 40.
524:(3): 622.
469:(3): 440.
345:References
305:published
242:Later life
78:Occupation
48:Mary Gould
628:1546-5330
601:143997147
585:0097-9740
571:(1): 68.
538:0021-8723
483:0028-4866
166:Stamp Act
636:26296027
546:48548962
499:57561491
491:23251387
185:Loyalist
116:Loyalist
723:July 2,
660:July 2,
593:3174027
147:Quakers
81:Diarist
686:1 July
634:
626:
599:
591:
583:
544:
536:
497:
489:
481:
425:
379:
632:JSTOR
597:S2CID
589:JSTOR
565:Signs
542:JSTOR
495:S2CID
487:JSTOR
316:Notes
725:2023
688:2023
662:2023
624:ISSN
581:ISSN
534:ISSN
479:ISSN
423:ISBN
377:ISBN
230:you.
62:Died
44:Born
573:doi
526:doi
522:104
471:doi
738::
715:.
678:.
652:.
630:.
618:.
595:.
587:.
579:.
569:13
567:.
563:.
540:.
532:.
520:.
516:.
493:.
485:.
477:.
467:85
465:.
461:.
417:.
391:^
353:^
272:.
168:.
122:.
727:.
690:.
664:.
638:.
603:.
575::
548:.
528::
501:.
473::
431:.
385:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
