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378:, she and her husband established another two foundations but in their own names. The first, the Mary DBT Foundation, was founded as a general-purpose foundation for applicants, often artists, who couldn't find funding for projects elsewhere. The second, the Duke-Semans Fine Arts Foundation, was created very specifically to send artwork on tour to places that would otherwise never receive any. Of this second foundation, Mary Semans was the treasurer and Dr. Semans the President.
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234:, a then medical student who eventually became the chief of Duke Hospital's Division of Thoracic Surgery. Mary and Josiah married in 1938 and together they had four daughters. The next year, Mary graduated from Duke, receiving a degree in Art History. However, just nine years later in 1948, Josiah died of lymphoma, leaving Mary a widow with four girls.
470:. The Duke family was involved in Methodist churches around Durham before they ever lived in the city, and over time much Duke money was spent on Methodist causes and the creation of Methodist churches. The biggest of these donations, encouraged mostly by Benjamin Duke, was $ 85,000 to Trinity College of Randolph County in effort to move it to Durham.
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For some time, Mary Duke Semans played an active role in the Durham City
Government, although she never served in a post higher than a local office. In 1951 she ran alongside of Kathrine Everett for seats on the city council. They were both elected and together became the first two women ever on the
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Semans became involved with and started many charitable organizations throughout her life. She dedicated nearly her entire life to philanthropic work, yet she could never bear to think of her work as philanthropy. When asked for a reflection on her work, she replied that she "see that word all the
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Growing up surrounded by the arts but finding herself in a city and area lacking them, Mary Semans and her husband concentrated much of their philanthropic energy towards supporting the arts. In 1956 Semans' mother, Mary Duke Biddle, started the Mary Duke Biddle
Foundation, and the next year Semans
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Dr. Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans was recognized as a Main
Honoree by the Sesquicentennial Honors Commission at the Durham 150 Closing Ceremony in Durham, NC on November 2, 2019. The posthumous recognition was bestowed upon 29 individuals "whose dedication, accomplishments and passion have helped
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Semans earned much recognition for her work. By the end of her life she had received the Duke
University Medal for Distinguished Meritorious Service, the National Brotherhood Award from the National Conference of Christians and Jews, the University Award from the University of North Carolina, the
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Semans' family, deeply connected to Duke
University and philanthropy, greatly influenced what would become her own legacy. Starting with Washington Duke and continuing down to Semans' mother, the Duke's wealth and connections to Durham and North Carolina prompted them to spend much time and money
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Pushed by her mother and with the support of her childhood governess, Mary went back to Duke
University as a student for three more semesters. While back at Duke, she met James Hustead Semans, a urologic surgeon visiting from Atlanta. Five years later Mary remarried to James, who that year joined
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Facing competition from other tobacco manufacturers, the youngest of Duke's sons, James B. Duke, convinced his father to buy machines to make ready-made cigarettes, and within five years the W. Duke, Sons & Company became the largest manufacturer of cigarettes in the United States. Under the
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The wealth of the Dukes first came into being through
Washington Duke and the tobacco industry. Returning from the Civil War, Duke began traveling and selling tobacco from a wagon, and in 1874 he moved to Durham, NC with his family to expand his business and start W. Duke, Sons & Company.
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Though from a sheltered, upper-class background, Semans was known throughout her life as both a political and personal advocate for social rights. In an interview, she claimed to have first entered her city's political scene after attending a precinct meeting and seeing a racial division in a
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In 1896, the Dukes gave
Trinity College an additional $ 100,000 on the basis of admitting women, and accepting the offer, Trinity College received similar amounts in years following. In 1924, James B. Duke, the youngest son of Washington Duke, supported the vision of the then Trinity College
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Later in life, at age 77, one of Semans' last projects was the creation of the Semans Art Fund at the North
Carolina School of the Arts. Through this foundation Semans could support individual NCSA students in their artistic endeavors, including student funding for research, summer tuition,
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gave Semans an appreciation for art at an early age. While at one point she considered becoming a professional pianist, Semans stopped playing in college, a decision she said she later regretted. In an interview with North
Carolina public television, Semans said that her love of the arts in
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Mary Semans financially supported many projects at her alma mater Duke University throughout her life. She spent many years as chair of the Mary Duke Biddle Foundation, started by and named after her mother, and she served 45 years as a trustee of The Duke Endowment. In 1982 she became the
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Semans also claimed that what first prompted her altruistic behavior was her experience in the Great Depression. While she and her family were not greatly affected, it was then when she first gained knowledge of others' terrible needs, leading her to believe that those of affluence have a
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performances, and special projects. Semans later said that of all her projects, the Semans Art Fund was closest to her heart. She said that like the students, she and her husband "needed to express selves," and being able to help the students in their endeavors fulfilled that need.
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became trustee. A few years later in 1960, Mary Duke Biddle died and Dr. and Mrs. Semans became chairman and vice-chairwoman of the foundation. Through membership on this board they helped support many arts and cultural programs in New York City, the Carolinas, and Duke University.
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These projects were named after Josiah Trent, Semans's first husband, and Mary Duke Biddle, Semans's mother. She was also instrumental in the creation of the Duke University Museum of Art (later the Nasher Museum) and helped start Duke's Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies.
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as an outgrowth of Duke investments in North Carolina's booming textile industry. They poured millions of dollars into hydroelectric infrastructure of the Carolinas, creating the Southern Power Company and what is now the United States' largest electric power holding company, the
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and created the Duke Endowment with $ 40 million. The Duke Endowment then incorporated Trinity College into Duke University, named after James's father. Later in her life, Mary Duke Semans would spend much time as the chairwoman of this still-existing Duke Endowment.
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decision that would help Durham African Americans register to vote. Her involvement in that meeting led her to run for the City Council and eventually as Mayor of Durham on a platform of black voter registration. Semans also served for 28 years as a trustee of
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Semans created and supported many institutions at Duke University, in her hometown Durham, and in the larger State of North Carolina. Through these institutions Semans spent most of her life funding and promoting education, arts, and human rights in general.
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Endowment's first female chair, a position she retained until 2001. Through her position she started the Josiah Charles Trent Memorial Foundation, the Josiah Charles Trent Collection of the History of Medicine, and the Mary Duke Biddle Scholarship.
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Growing up in New York City, Semans listened daily to her mother's opera singing and took private piano and dance lessons of her own. This exposure to music, along with frequent trips with her governess to opera houses, theatres, and the
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Semans died on January 25, 2012, at age 91 in Duke Hospital in Durham, North Carolina. The exact cause of death was not published. She is survived by seven children, sixteen grandchildren, and twenty-nine great-grandchildren.
600:. She has also received honorary degrees from North Carolina Central University, Davidson College, Elon University, Shaw University, Pfeiffer University, Campbell University, UNC-Chapel Hill, and N.C. Wesleyan College.
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Mary Duke Semans' family along the Duke lineage was famous for its wealth and philanthropy before Mary was born, starting a tradition she continued and influencing much of her life's work.
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The first of these programs, started in 1964 and named after Dr. Semans' parents, was an art collection at Duke University. Later in the 1960s Semans and her husband then helped start the
271:, again Durham's first woman elected to such a post. While in office, she spent much of her time pushing for civil rights, funding for the arts, and affordable housing and healthcare.
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giving to various causes. This history was not lost on Semans as she expanded upon their efforts: continuing Duke support of Duke University and concentrating especially on the arts.
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John Tyler Caldwell Award for the Humanities from the North Carolina Humanities Council, and the Hadassa Medical Center's Freedom Award, and in 2009 she was inducted into the
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As the Dukes made money, they somewhat unusually for the time began to give much of their money to charitable causes. Washington Duke first came to philanthropy through the
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789:, "Philanthropist Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans Dies", TheNonProfitTimes.com, January 25, 2012; accessed November 10, 2013.
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Later in life Semans would be known for her support of the arts, a love for which she claimed to have had her entire life.
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time," but never thought it applied to her. She was simply "giv to so and so" at times when they needed it.
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combination with the Carolina area's lack of support for them inspired much of her philanthropic work.
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direction of James Duke it then merged with four other manufacturers to become the multinational
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173:(February 21, 1920 – January 25, 2012) was an American heiress, activist, politician, and
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Newton, Francis. "This issue is dedicated to the memory of MARY DUKE BIDDLE TRENT SEMANS",
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captain and a US ambassador. As a girl she learned to play the piano and attended the
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in New York. When she was fourteen years old, her parents divorced and she moved to
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Semans, Mary Duke Biddle Trent, interview by Shannon Vickery.
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Vol. 43. Web. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, Spring 2013.
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movement and had interest in quieting critics of his tobacco
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In 1935 she enrolled at Duke's Women's College where she met
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906:, DukeCheck.com, March 4, 2013; accessed November 12, 2013.
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Duke's medical faculty. Together they had three children.
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Culberson, William Louis; Culberson, Chicita F. (1980).
686:"Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans (1920-2012): In Memoriam"
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And Justice for All: Durham County Courthouse Art Wall
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And Justice for All: Durham County Courthouse Art Wall
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Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences
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In 1982, the same year Semans became President of the
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Mary Duke Biddle was born in 1920 in New York City to
765:"Mary D. B. T. Semans, Philanthropist and Activist"
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831:, NCPedia.org (2006); accessed November 12, 2013.
1082:"Mary Semans, Champion of Duke and Durham, Dies"
963:, NCpedia.org (1986); accessed October 30, 2013.
950:, NCpedia.org (2006); accessed October 30, 2013.
934:, NCpedia.prg (1986); accessed October 30, 2013.
1088:, January 25, 2012; accessed November 25, 2013.
981:Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1975. 82-85.
873:University Of North Carolina School of the Arts
365:University of North Carolina School of the Arts
16:American heiress and philanthropist (1920–2012)
1041:"Microconidial dimorphism in the lichen genus
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869:"In Memoriam: Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans"
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519:introducing citations to additional sources
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1024:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
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803:"Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans dies at 91"
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334:Learn how and when to remove this message
267:From 1953-55 she then served as Durham's
1290:Women city councillors in North Carolina
887:, UNCSA.edu; accessed November 12, 2013.
859:, unctv.org; accessed November 12, 2013.
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604:shape Durham in important ways." The
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316:adding citations to reliable sources
1148:North Carolina Women's Hall of Fame
1011:Durham 150 Closing Ceremony Program
990:Durden, Robert. "Duke University."
875:(2012); accessed November 12, 2013.
752:UNC-TV. Durham, NC. March 14, 2010.
598:North Carolina Women's Hall of Fame
996:http://ncpedia.org/duke-university
718:"George Washington Duke 1820-1905"
407:An infant Mary Semans with mother
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152:Anthony Joseph Drexel Biddle, Sr.
1285:Mayors of Durham, North Carolina
502:relies largely or entirely on a
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222:, to live with her grandmother.
1102:The Mary Duke Biddle Foundation
979:The Dukes of Durham: 1865-1929.
303:needs additional citations for
181:and the great-granddaughter of
177:. She was the granddaughter of
1061:10.1080/00275514.1980.12021161
885:"UNCSA Fellowships and Grants"
127:James Duke Biddle Trent Semans
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1174:Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans
829:"Mary Duke Biddle Foundation"
771:; accessed November 10, 2013.
369:Winston-Salem, North Carolina
208:Anthony J. Drexel Biddle, Jr.
171:Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans
138:Anthony J. Drexel Biddle, Jr.
23:Mary Duke Biddle Trent Semans
998:(accessed November 3, 2013).
897:"A Hero Named Charles Rhyne"
724:; accessed October 30, 2013.
948:"W. Duke, Sons and Company"
614:was named in her honour by
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393:Lincoln Community Hospital
252:Metropolitan Museum of Art
59:January 25, 2012 (aged 91)
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1008:Durham 150 (2019-11-02).
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1275:Duke University trustees
1199:Patricia Timmons-Goodson
587:responsibility to give.
439:American Tobacco Company
204:Mary Lillian Duke Biddle
125:Jenny Semans Koortbojian
109:James Semans (1953–2005)
63:Duke University Hospital
1270:Duke University alumni
1184:Helen Copenhaver Hanes
961:"Duke, James Buchanan"
454:Philanthropic leanings
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226:College and later life
220:Durham, North Carolina
123:Barbara Trent Kimbrell
121:Rebecca Trent Kirkland
68:Durham, North Carolina
1169:Sally Dalton Robinson
1112:Interview with UNC TV
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386:Civil rights advocacy
1295:Hewitt School alumni
702:10.1093/jhmas/jrs044
515:improve this article
413:Benjamin Newton Duke
355:Support for the arts
312:improve this article
242:Exposure to the arts
232:Josiah Charles Trent
157:Benjamin Newton Duke
105:Josiah Charles Trent
665:"A Remarkable Life"
611:Parmelia semansiana
443:hydroelectric power
164:(great-grandfather)
129:Beth Semans Hubbard
1250:American activists
1107:The Duke Endowment
932:"Duke, Washington"
902:2014-02-10 at the
855:2013-12-03 at the
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448:Duke Power Company
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119:Sarah Trent Harris
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