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in his book al-Mawwal al-Baghdadi in which he attribute it to the people of Wasit in Iraq. Also, Safi al-Din al-Hilli says that the mawal is from the simple sea sounding on the base of the wide sea, and the mawal continued in this way until the eighth century AH, when the mawwal appeared using the
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Lodge, David and Bill Badley. "Partner of Poetry". 2000. In
Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), World Music, Vol. 1: Africa, Europe and the Middle East, pp 323–331. Rough Guides Ltd., Penguin
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of unequal length. The second pipe serves as a drone and can be lengthened by adding pieces. The player uses the technique of circular breathing to produce an uninterrupted sound). The arghoul can be traced back to
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as it is exactly depicted on wall paintings of the temples of the third dynasty. Amin Shahin is one of the few remaining arghoul players in Egypt, since the death of arghoul master, Moustafa Abd al Aziz in 2001.
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Maalouf, Shireen (2002). History of Arabic Music Theory: Change and
Continuity in the Tone Systems, Genres, and Scales, p.220. Kaslik, Lebanon: Université Saint-Esprit.
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Iraqi dialect of the vernacular and the subsequent branching of the mawal in the eleventh century into three other types, namely The quatrain and The lame and Numani.
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Mawwal is sung by powerful singers who are able to demonstrate strong vocal capabilities. The most famous singers come from
Lebanon in specific,
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The archetype of the instrument carried horizontally and struck with two sticks, found in iconographical documents in ancient
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Mawwal is an Arabic word that means "affiliated with", "associated with," or "connected to". The verb is
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made from half of a coconut shell covered with fish skin and a bow strung with horse hair), the
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to the same pitch in groups of four, are struck with two wooden mallets called "midhrab"),
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469:(1996). The Music of the Arabs, trans. Laurie Schwartz. Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press.
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There are many preferences regarding the origin of the mawwal, one of these is the one
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Subhi Anwar Rashid, The
History of Musical Instruments in Old Iraq. Pg 180–181
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musicians may also implement Mawwal in their work. Albert Rowel Tamras and
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Shiloah, Amnon. Music in the World of Islam. A Socio-Cultural Study 2001.
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the actual song begins. The singer performing a mawwal would usually
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in the definite form but it loses it when the word is indefinite.
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Engel, Carl. The Musik of the most ancient nation, London, 1864.
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attributes it in the book Sharh al-Muwashah to the era of
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489:"Playlist: A Brief Introduction to Iraqi Music"
67:in nature, and is characterised by prolonging
443:"المواويل.. ذاكرة العراق الحزينة | Radiosawa"
108:). It is measure 3 of the root verb "Walia" (
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356:Andalusian classical music
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233:Babylon
188:arghoul
134:History
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42:mawāwīl
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408:Books.
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180:kawala
176:fiddle
111:وَلِيَ
105:وَالَى
80:lament
33:Arabic
28:mawwāl
25:, the
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270:Qanun
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184:flute
172:rabab
168:Egypt
162:Egypt
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37:موال
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