501:
143:
406:
1009:
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461:
122:
427:
was about 25 percent of its adult size. The large size of the embryo relative to the mother indicates that the young of this fish were born well-formed, a strategy that may have evolved to counter predation from other larger fishes. The ptyctodontid fishes are the only group of placoderms to display
552:
416:
would have been about 11 inches (28 cm) long and had powerful crushing tooth plates to grind up its prey, possibly hard shelled invertebrates like clams or corals.
1586:
1573:
1637:
727:
608:
698:
Pea-sized
Seahorse, Bacteria That Life In Hairspray, Caffeine-free Coffee Among Top 10 New Species Of 2008 Science Daily May 23, 2009
361:
1008:
419:
Examination of the tail section of the holotype led to the discovery of the partially ossified skeleton of a juvenile
142:
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1627:
1513:
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present inside the mother, with remarkable preservation of a mineralised placental feeding structure (
1560:
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1030:
633:
1632:
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1475:
1377:
1133:
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713:
624:
Long, J. A.; Trinajstic, K.; Young, G. C.; Senden, T. (2008). "Live birth in the
Devonian period".
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321:
1604:
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and the mineralised umbilical cord. The team published their findings in 2008. The juvenile
1440:
1168:
1037:
612:
515:
365:
637:
405:
1017:
993:
986:
864:
391:
who first drew attention to the significance of the Gogo fish sites in his 1979 series
329:
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1210:
1203:
1155:
790:
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661:
313:
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72:
30:
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have smooth pelvic fin bases. It had long been suspected that they reproduced using
1224:
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306:
591:
705:
1545:
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1424:
1304:
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57:
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described in 2008 by The
International Institute for Species Exploration at
369:
187:
154:
97:
41:
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460:
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82:
67:
62:
52:
34:
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325:
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by
Lindsay Hatcher during the 2005 expedition to the Gogo led by
324:. Known from only one specimen, it is unique in having an unborn
433:
1511:
749:
709:
380:, often preserved in three dimensions with minimal distortion.
376:
is used to dissolve the surrounding limestone and reveal the
553:
1520:
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1342:
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1154:
1081:
1047:
1016:
976:
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863:
816:
789:
368:. Fossils from the Gogo Formation are preserved in
721:
444:, but finding fossilised embryos inside both
8:
603:Museum Victoria links and videos describing
573:Dr John Long describes the discovery of the
356:was found in the Kimberley area of northern
1508:
1392:
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1022:
872:
860:
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746:
728:
714:
706:
592:BBC News: Fossil reveals oldest live birth
120:
20:
468:on display at Museum Victoria, Australia
564:
523:ptyctodont placoderm from the Gogo Reef
448:and in a similar form also from Gogo,
7:
484:and an international committee of
14:
675:Salisbury, Steven (28 May 2008).
452:, proved the deduction was true.
344:, or giving birth to live young.
1493:
1492:
1007:
499:
141:
1:
1638:Fossil taxa described in 2008
677:"Oldest Embryo Fossil Found"
535:placoderm from the Gogo Reef
129:Artist's reconstruction of
1659:
409:Fossilised embryo features
1489:
1163:
1025:
1005:
875:
859:
840:
798:
785:
745:
474:Materpiscis attenboroughi
436:have clasping organs and
385:Materpiscis attenboroughi
271:Materpiscis attenboroughi
264:
257:
138:Scientific classification
136:
128:
119:
23:
482:Arizona State University
478:"The Top 10 New Species"
476:was selected as one of
16:Extinct genus of fishes
1396:"maxillate placoderms"
469:
442:internal fertilisation
410:
383:The species was named
463:
408:
250:M. attenboroughi
1083:Macropetalichthyidae
1049:Quasipetalichthyidae
1031:Diandongpetalichthys
348:Discovery and naming
646:10.1038/nature06966
638:2008Natur.453..650L
507:Paleontology portal
372:nodules, so dilute
1462:Pseudopetalichthys
978:Weejasperaspididae
892:Palaeacanthaspidae
611:2008-08-22 at the
470:
456:In popular culture
411:
389:David Attenborough
1615:
1614:
1600:Open Tree of Life
1514:Taxon identifiers
1505:
1504:
1485:
1484:
1435:
1434:
1283:
1282:
1150:
1149:
1113:Macropetalichthys
1072:Quasipetalichthys
1065:Pauropetalichthys
1003:
1002:
855:
854:
851:
850:
836:
835:
632:(7195): 650โ652.
430:sexual dimorphism
358:Western Australia
336:the oldest known
322:Western Australia
286:
285:
238:
1650:
1643:Placoderm genera
1608:
1607:
1595:
1594:
1582:
1581:
1569:
1568:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1509:
1496:
1495:
1448:Holopetalichthys
1404:Bianchengichthys
1393:
1161:
1120:Notopetalichthys
1092:Ellopetalichthys
1023:
1011:
939:Palaeacanthaspis
873:
861:
796:
787:
780:
779:
747:
730:
723:
716:
707:
700:
695:
689:
688:
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684:
672:
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665:
621:
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569:
509:
504:
503:
502:
273:
269:
232:
225:
212:
199:
186:
146:
145:
131:M. attenboroughi
124:
114:
44:
29:Temporal range:
21:
1658:
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1618:
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1616:
1611:
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1564:
1559:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1516:
1506:
1501:
1481:
1441:Brindabellaspis
1431:
1384:
1361:
1338:
1279:
1169:Austroptyctodus
1146:
1099:Epipetalichthys
1077:
1043:
1038:Neopetalichthys
1012:
999:
972:
886:
847:
832:
812:
781:
752:
751:
741:
734:
704:
703:
696:
692:
682:
680:
679:. Jeanna Bryner
674:
673:
669:
623:
622:
618:
613:Wayback Machine
601:
597:
590:
586:
572:
570:
566:
561:
531:, a viviparous
516:Austroptyctodus
505:
500:
498:
495:
458:
450:Austroptyctodus
403:
366:Museum Victoria
350:
316:located at the
282:
275:
267:
266:
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231:
223:
210:
197:
184:
140:
115:
113:
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55:
50:
39:
38:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1369:
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1207:
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1123:
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1079:
1078:
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1075:
1068:
1061:
1053:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1034:
1026:
1020:
1018:Petalichthyida
1014:
1013:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
998:
997:
994:Weejasperaspis
990:
987:Murrindalaspis
982:
980:
974:
973:
971:
970:
963:
956:
949:
942:
935:
928:
921:
914:
907:
899:
897:
888:
887:
885:
884:
876:
870:
865:Acanthothoraci
857:
856:
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849:
848:
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838:
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834:
833:
831:
830:
829:
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536:
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511:
510:
494:
491:
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457:
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402:
399:
349:
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332:). This makes
330:umbilical cord
318:Gogo Formation
284:
283:
276:
262:
261:
255:
254:
246:
244:
240:
239:
221:
217:
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214:Ptyctodontidae
208:
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117:
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56:
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46:
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28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1655:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1628:Ptyctodontids
1626:
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1623:
1606:
1601:
1597:
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1528:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1510:
1499:
1491:
1488:
1478:
1477:
1476:Xiushanosteus
1473:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1450:
1449:
1445:
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1442:
1438:
1437:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1411:Entelognathus
1408:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1387:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1364:
1356:
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1335:
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1330:
1328:
1327:
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1320:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1267:Rhamphodopsis
1264:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1211:Eczematolepis
1208:
1206:
1205:
1204:Destnoporella
1201:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1156:Ptyctodontida
1153:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1134:Tongdzuylepis
1131:
1129:
1128:
1127:Shearsbyaspis
1124:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1094:
1093:
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1088:
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1084:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1069:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1010:
996:
995:
991:
989:
988:
984:
983:
981:
979:
975:
969:
968:
964:
962:
961:
957:
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954:
950:
948:
947:
943:
941:
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936:
934:
933:
929:
927:
926:
922:
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919:
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913:
912:
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893:
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883:
882:
878:
877:
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858:
846:
845:
839:
826:
825:
824:
823:
821:
819:
815:
807:
806:Gnathostomata
803:
802:
801:
800:
797:
794:
792:
791:Gnathostomata
788:
784:
776:
775:Gnathostomata
773:Infraphylum:
772:
770:
766:
764:
760:
758:
754:
753:
748:
744:
739:
731:
726:
724:
719:
717:
712:
711:
708:
699:
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678:
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631:
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582:
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568:
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558:
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548:
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541:
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534:
530:
529:
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517:
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512:
508:
497:
492:
487:
483:
479:
475:
472:
471:
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453:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
426:
422:
417:
415:
407:
400:
398:
396:
395:
394:Life on Earth
390:
387:in honour of
386:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
347:
345:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
314:Late Devonian
311:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
291:
280:
274:
272:
263:
260:
259:Binomial name
256:
252:
251:
245:
242:
241:
236:
230:
229:
222:
219:
218:
215:
209:
206:
205:
202:
201:Ptyctodontida
196:
193:
192:
189:
183:
180:
179:
176:
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170:
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163:
160:
159:
156:
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144:
139:
135:
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127:
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118:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
43:
36:
32:
31:Late Devonian
26:
22:
19:
1521:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1423:
1416:
1409:
1402:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1310:
1303:
1296:
1272:
1265:
1258:
1253:Ptyctodopsis
1251:
1244:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1225:Kimbryanodus
1223:
1216:
1209:
1202:
1195:
1188:
1183:Chelyophorus
1181:
1176:Campbellodus
1174:
1167:
1139:
1132:
1125:
1118:
1111:
1104:
1097:
1090:
1070:
1063:
1058:Eurycaraspis
1056:
1036:
1029:
992:
985:
965:
958:
951:
944:
937:
930:
923:
916:
909:
902:
879:
842:
693:
681:. Retrieved
670:
629:
625:
619:
604:
598:
587:
574:
567:
545:
538:
528:Incisoscutum
526:
514:
477:
473:
465:
449:
445:
424:
420:
418:
413:
412:
401:Paleobiology
393:
384:
382:
351:
333:
307:ptyctodontid
298:
289:
288:
287:
278:
270:
265:
249:
248:
234:
227:
226:
130:
24:
18:
1552:Materpiscis
1546:Wikispecies
1522:Materpiscis
1469:Stensioella
1425:Silurolepis
1305:Bolivosteus
1298:Asterosteus
1246:Palaeomylus
1232:Materpiscis
1197:Denisonodus
911:Dobrowlania
881:Hagiangella
767:Subphylum:
605:Materpiscis
575:Materpiscis
486:taxonomists
466:Materpiscis
446:Materpiscis
425:Materpiscis
421:Materpiscis
414:Materpiscis
374:acetic acid
334:Materpiscis
299:mother fish
290:Materpiscis
228:Materpiscis
25:Materpiscis
1633:Gogo fauna
1622:Categories
1378:Arthrodira
1367:Arthrodira
1312:Gemuendina
1274:Rhynchodus
1239:Meeksiella
1218:Goniosteus
1190:Ctenurella
1141:Wijdeaspis
932:Kosoraspis
925:Kolymaspis
904:Arabosteus
844:Placodermi
827:see belowโ
818:Placodermi
769:Vertebrata
738:Placodermi
683:15 October
559:References
533:arthrodire
521:viviparous
519:, another
342:viviparity
338:vertebrate
188:Placodermi
1355:Antiarchi
1344:Antiarchi
1333:Ohioaspis
1289:Rhenanida
1260:Ptyctodus
967:Tlamaspis
953:Romundina
755:Kingdom:
662:205213348
547:Onychodus
540:Gogonasus
464:Model of
370:limestone
362:John Long
312:from the
310:placoderm
243:Species:
161:Kingdom:
155:Eukaryota
40:380
1566:10643977
1531:Wikidata
1498:Category
1455:Minjinia
1326:Nefudina
1319:Jagorina
1106:Lunaspis
960:Sudaspis
946:Radotina
918:Kimaspis
763:Chordata
761:Phylum:
757:Animalia
654:18509443
609:Archived
493:See also
432:, where
354:holotype
340:to show
207:Family:
175:Chordata
171:Phylum:
165:Animalia
151:Domain:
35:Frasnian
1605:4950040
1592:1121206
1579:4853135
1537:Q131787
1418:Qilinyu
634:Bibcode
581:YouTube
438:females
301:) is a
268:†
247:†
220:Genus:
194:Order:
181:Class:
109:↓
1389:Others
660:
652:
626:Nature
378:fossil
326:embryo
281:, 2008
279:et al.
237:, 2008
235:et al.
1587:IRMNG
658:S2CID
434:males
303:genus
295:Latin
277:Long
233:Long
1574:GBIF
1376:see
1353:see
804:see
685:2013
650:PMID
352:The
297:for
48:Pre๊
1561:EoL
642:doi
630:453
579:on
364:of
320:of
305:of
37:),
1624::
1602::
1589::
1576::
1563::
1548::
1533::
656:.
648:.
640:.
628:.
397:.
98:Pg
42:Ma
1428:?
895:*
868:*
740:"
736:"
729:e
722:t
715:v
687:.
664:.
644::
636::
488:.
293:(
224:โ
211:โ
198:โ
185:โ
103:N
93:K
88:J
83:T
78:P
73:C
68:D
63:S
58:O
53:๊
33:(
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