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333:. The excavation revealed six concentric rings of post-holes. The entire post-hole structure is approximately 40 meters (130 ft) in diameter, and the surrounding henge, barely visible today due to farming, was originally approximately 85 meters (279 ft) across, with a single entrance that faced Durrington Walls. Cunnington completely excavated the ditch structure of the henge, discovering large amounts of
40:
318:, which had fallen the previous year. While working at the Beckhamptom Cove site, she discovered the skeleton of a "middle-aged man" buried with a pottery beaker, dating from 2385 to 2230 BC. The same year she and her husband, working with a team, re-erected a fallen stone on West Kennet Avenue.
368:. Like Woodhenge, The Sanctuary has six concentric post hole rings, although no surrounding bank and ditch structure. Cunnington discovered that the innermost ring was the oldest, based on pottery shards found in that area that were from about 2000 BC; she called this
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period, a larger ring 20.1 meters (66 ft) in diameter was constructed to replace the earlier rings. Grooved Ware pottery was found during this aspect of the excavation, and a northwest-facing entrance to the ring was discovered. During
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between 1926 and 1928 after a set of concentric rings darker than the surrounding turf was first observed through aerial photography in 1925. The site is approximately 60 meters (200 ft) south of
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ring was built as well as in interior concentric stone circle. She found evidence that The
Sanctuary was connected to Avebury Henge via the row of standing stones along
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413:, so she never knew of the accolade. When she died at home a few years later, she left almost all her property (worth £14,000) to Devizes Museum (now
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for services to archaeology, the first woman archaeologist to receive the honour. However, she had limited mobility since 1947, and had developed
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saw it in the eighteenth century. The
Cunningtons bought the sites of Woodhenge and The Sanctuary, and gave these properties to the nation.
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In 1912, Cunnington worked with her husband Ben to supervise the re-erection of the last standing stone at
Beckhampton Cove at
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in that county at some of the most important sites in
British archaeology. These included the first known Neolithic
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followed their father into medicine as a doctor; he was also a notable rugby player and Welsh international.
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298:, the first woman to hold that position. In addition to technical reports, she published a short handbook,
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393:. Beaker Ware pottery, dating from 1600 BC, was found, marked with "barbed wire" type patterning.
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de
Bruxelles, Simon (18 February 2003). "Rock of ages was turned on its head by angry rival".
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originating from
Cornwall, approximately 290 kilometres (180 mi) away. A few shards of
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483:
Stonehenge: A New
Understanding: Solving the Mysteries of the Greatest Stone Age Monument
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pottery, animal and human bones, charcoal and a stone axe that was carved from polished
177:, best known for her pioneering work on some of the most important prehistoric sites of
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372:. Later a double ring structure was built surrounding the inner ring, which she named
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Following the excavation of
Woodhenge, in 1930 Cunnington discovered and worked on
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were also discovered along with antler picks, marine shells and the remnants of a
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216:. An archaeologist, he served for years as a volunteer, honorary curator of
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work during development in
Wiltshire, England. Together with her husband
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Wiltshire
Studies: Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine
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365:
315:
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714:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. pp. 68–70, 190.
534:""That Terrible Woman: The Life, Work and Legacy of Maud Cunnington"
283:, she excavated and re-erected one of the two surviving stones (the
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to be appointed for the first time. Her husband had died in 1950.
650:. In Diaz-Andreu, Margarita; Sorensen, Marie Louise Stig (eds.).
272:. This last monument she rediscovered, as it had been lost since
220:. They had a son, Edward, who was killed in the First World War.
740:
The Henge Monuments: Ceremony and Society in Prehistoric Britain
652:
Excavating Women: A History of Women in European Archaeology
302:(1931). She also wrote and published a children's guide to
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in Wales. She was one of seven children. Her older brother
287:) in the Beckhampton Avenue, and one of the stones in the
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Pegge; 24 September 1869 – 28 February 1951) was a Welsh
444:"Cunnington [née Pegge], Maud Edith (1869–1951)"
236:, an archaeologist, she participated in conducting full
648:"Women in British Archaeology: Visible and Invisible""
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Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine
385:, the most recent phase, a 40.2-meter (132 ft)
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Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society
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294:In 1931, Cunnington was elected president of the
695:(April 2018). "Maud Cunnington at Stonehenge".
830:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
825:People educated at Cheltenham Ladies' College
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329:and 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) north east of
228:From 1897, Maud Cunnington carried out early
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453:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
835:Deaths from Alzheimer's disease in England
508:"Six Groundbreaking Female Archaeologists"
38:
20:
401:Cunnington was named a Commander of the
450:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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139: 1889; died 1950)
486:. Workman Publishing. pp. 83–85.
436:
434:
168:
7:
742:. Thames and Hudson. pp. 15–21.
810:20th-century British archaeologists
805:19th-century British archaeologists
185:Early life, education, and marriage
697:English Heritage Members' Magazine
573:National Heritage List for England
14:
612:"78th General Meeting, July 1931"
840:20th-century Welsh women writers
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417:). This provided for a salaried
850:Deaths from dementia in England
699:. English Heritage. p. 62.
568:"Avebury Long Stones (1008104)"
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208:Pegge was educated briefly at
1:
762:. 10 June 1948. p. 3374.
738:Wainwright, Geoffrey (1989).
626:Biodiversity Heritage Library
624:(155): 470. 1931 – via
480:Parker Pearson, Mike (2014).
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795:British women archaeologists
675:Cunnington, Maud E. (1931).
467:UK public library membership
403:Order of the British Empire
111:Prehistoric excavations on
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845:19th-century women writers
654:. Routledge. p. 177.
210:Cheltenham Ladies' College
102:Cheltenham Ladies' College
441:Rundle, Penelope (2004).
397:Personal life and honours
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820:People from Briton Ferry
815:British women scientists
646:Champion, Sara (2005).
532:Roberts, Julia (2002).
268:(near Stonehenge), and
258:West Kennet Long Barrow
212:. In 1889, she married
189:Maud Pegge was born at
459:10.1093/ref:odnb/45470
710:Burl, Aubrey (1979).
407:1948 Birthday Honours
321:Cunnington excavated
160:Maud Edith Cunnington
16:British archaeologist
790:Welsh archaeologists
242:causewayed enclosure
800:Welsh prehistorians
712:Prehistoric Avebury
411:Alzheimer's disease
360:at the terminus of
759:The London Gazette
391:West Kennet Avenue
362:Beckhampton Avenue
289:West Kennet Avenue
254:All Cannings Cross
230:rescue archaeology
465:(Subscription or
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70:24 September 1869
44:Maud Cunnington,
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678:Avebury: A Guide
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327:Durrington Walls
300:Avebury: A Guide
274:William Stukeley
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89:28 February 1951
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376:. During the
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304:Devizes Museum
279:In 1912, near
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214:Ben Cunnington
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366:Avebury Henge
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577:. Retrieved
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546:. Retrieved
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515:. Retrieved
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358:Overton Hill
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335:Grooved Ware
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203:Edward Pegge
191:Briton Ferry
188:
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151:Edward Pegge
91:(1951-02-28)
74:Briton Ferry
18:
785:1951 deaths
780:1869 births
754:"No. 38311"
517:22 November
343:Beaker Ware
310:Excavations
252:village at
238:excavations
49: 1890
774:Categories
469:required.)
425:References
349:industry.
339:greenstone
331:Stonehenge
285:Longstones
66:1869-09-24
600:. London.
597:The Times
378:Phase III
323:Woodhenge
266:Woodhenge
246:Knap Hill
195:Glamorgan
153:(brother)
147:Relatives
98:Education
78:Glamorgan
383:Phase IV
374:Phase II
356:site on
250:Iron Age
579:27 July
544:: 46–60
419:curator
370:Phase I
316:Avebury
281:Avebury
141:
133:
129:
80:, Wales
718:
658:
490:
463:
248:, the
224:Career
199:asylum
119:Spouse
364:near
135:(
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716:ISBN
656:ISBN
581:2021
550:2024
519:2021
488:ISBN
86:Died
56:Born
455:doi
244:at
234:Ben
193:in
170:née
164:CBE
30:CBE
776::
756:.
730:^
622:45
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137:m.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
