961:
464:
607:
726:
824:
808:
900:
53:
669:, who, after falling into disfavour with Charles Theodore, had acted for a time as Maximilian Joseph's private secretary, was the most potent influence, wholly "enlightened" and French. Agriculture and commerce were fostered, the laws were ameliorated, a new criminal code drawn up, taxes and imposts equalized without regard to traditional privileges, while a number of religious houses were suppressed and their revenues used for educational and other useful purposes. He closed the
2412:
941:, a 14-year-old orphan apprentice. Max Joseph donated books and directed the glassmaker to give Fraunhofer time to study. Fraunhofer went on to become one of the most famous optical scientists and artisans in history, inventing the spectroscope and spectroscopy, making Bavaria noted for fine optics, and joining the nobility before his death at age 39.
831:
At Vienna and afterwards
Maximilian sturdily opposed any reconstitution of Germany which should endanger the independence of Bavaria, and it was his insistence on the principle of full sovereignty being left to the German reigning princes that largely contributed to the loose and weak organization of
545:
After the death of his father of testicular cancer in 1767, he was left at first without parental supervision, since his mother had been banished from her husband's court after giving birth to a son fathered by an actor. Maximilian was carefully educated under the supervision of his uncle, Duke
956:
As a monarch, Max Joseph was very close to the citizens, walked freely along the streets of Munich without great accompaniment, and conversed with his people in a casual manner. Regardless, he was somewhat eccentric, like some of his descendants and successors. Maximilian married twice and had
680:
In foreign affairs, Maximilian Joseph's attitude was, from the German point of view, less commendable. He never had any sympathy with the growing sentiment of German nationality, and his attitude was dictated by wholly dynastic, or at least
Bavarian, considerations. Until 1813, he was the most
848:
in the internal affairs of
Bavaria, partly to give unity to his somewhat heterogeneous territories, that Maximilian on 26 May 1818 granted a liberal constitution to his people. Montgelas, who had opposed this concession, had fallen in the previous year, and Maximilian had also reversed his
649:
in abject condition on his accession to the throne: Hardly any of the units were at full strength, the
Rumford uniforms were unpopular and impractical, and the troops were badly-trained. The young Prince-Elector, who had served under the
2394:
960:
2688:
2623:
907:
Under the reign of
Maximilian Joseph the Bavarian Secularization (1802–1803) led to the nationalisation of cultural assets of the Church. The Protestants were emancipated. In 1808 he founded the
1175:
5617:
5612:
2427:
827:
Presentation medal of the
Bavarian Parliament (Bayerische Ständeversammlung) 1819 to their King Maximilian I Joseph, on the first anniversary of the constitution of 1818, reverse.
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he was accustomed to examine himself, with the result that in many cases the whole proceedings were quashed, and in not a few the accused dismissed with a present of money.
432:
753:(8 October 1813) he made the guarantee of the integrity of his kingdom the price of his joining the Allies. On 14 October, Bavaria made a formal declaration of war against
5632:
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1411:
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proved to be more independent than he had anticipated and in 1819 Maximilian resorted to appealing to the powers against his own creation; but his
Bavarian "
844:
was proclaimed in
Bavaria, not as a law but as an international treaty. It was partly to secure popular support in his resistance to any interference of the
3550:
3276:
3271:
2877:
2432:
1292:
3126:
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5652:
1318:
796:. The king fought hard to maintain the contiguity of the Bavarian territories as guaranteed at Ried but the most he could obtain was an assurance from
3358:
2825:
2809:
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1437:
845:
615:
184:
5143:
988:
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Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et
Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans
701:
to round off his kingdom. He assumed the title of king on 1 January 1806. On 15 March, he ceded the Duchy of Berg to
Napoleon's brother-in-law
1890:
934:
and carried out by Johann Baptist Stiglmaier. It was only revealed in 1835 since the king had rejected to be eternalized in sitting position.
5662:
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122:
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1063:. They had eight children, including two sets of twin girls, Elisabeth and Amalie born in 1801, and Sophie and Marie Anne born in 1805.
5439:
4040:
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3610:
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2077:
2041:
1961:
1125:
1093:
965:
364:
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5228:
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3909:
3712:
3286:
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1953:
1647:
1589:
35:
5672:
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5273:
5148:
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1135:
1097:
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374:
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5168:
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1107:
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504:
344:
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1742:
1073:
349:
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4106:
3530:
2972:
2942:
2759:
1129:
973:
850:
626:
606:
369:
246:
2355:
Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living
4569:
4271:
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3954:
3727:
3671:
3386:
2912:
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1662:
1026:
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945:
908:
693:(26 December 1805), by the terms of which he was to receive the royal title and important territorial acquisitions in
339:
334:
129:
5657:
3883:
3325:
1030:
915:
725:
5515:
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5208:
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3414:
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3379:
3177:
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2907:
2897:
2863:
1103:
969:
777:
742:
706:
690:
359:
5637:
5409:
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4871:
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4423:
4296:
4276:
4176:
4156:
4086:
4000:
3949:
3924:
3853:
3833:
3772:
3752:
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3508:
3407:
3192:
3112:
3039:
3016:
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2782:
2704:
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2206:
1111:
655:
595:
354:
5404:
5188:
5028:
4846:
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4589:
4584:
4519:
4448:
4316:
4216:
4055:
3995:
3843:
3344:
3261:
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2927:
2740:
2149:
670:
666:
662:
579:
5103:
4776:
4111:
1013:
686:
5454:
5429:
5123:
4977:
4715:
4680:
4549:
4469:
4357:
4226:
4211:
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4141:
3914:
3848:
3767:
3742:
3182:
3172:
3167:
2493:
919:
899:
888:
861:
816:
555:
484:
823:
807:
5587:
5489:
5449:
5434:
5414:
5394:
5389:
5243:
4987:
4902:
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4201:
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3919:
3823:
3798:
3757:
3707:
3691:
2652:
1115:
931:
769:
762:
583:
160:
52:
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2657:
594:, Maximilian exchanged the French for the Austrian service and took part in the opening campaigns of the
5193:
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4534:
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4236:
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3793:
3620:
3503:
3090:
3082:
2725:
1945:
938:
492:
4126:
3722:
815:(Bayerische Ständeversammlung) 1819 to their King Maximilian I Joseph, on the first anniversary of the
869:
853:
by which the powers of the clergy, largely curtailed under Montgelas's administration, were restored.
618:
as Duke of Zweibrücken, however his duchy was entirely occupied by revolutionary France at the time.
5597:
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5474:
5424:
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5038:
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4221:
4161:
4060:
4050:
3990:
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3187:
3074:
2532:
2457:
1897:
1764:
1674:
1017:
833:
801:
665:
at once manifested itself when he acceded to the throne of Bavaria. In the newly organized ministry,
508:
215:
5479:
5258:
5253:
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329:
91:
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4166:
4101:
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3813:
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1756:
876:
857:
841:
812:
781:
235:
98:
4311:
4241:
4206:
4196:
2601:
937:
In 1801 he led the rescue operation when a glassmaker's workshop collapsed, saving the life of
4876:
4841:
4811:
4771:
4745:
4735:
4690:
4660:
4614:
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4428:
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4332:
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4091:
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3808:
3661:
3580:
3575:
3498:
3483:
3207:
3197:
3162:
2583:
2380:
1070:
Prince Maximilian Joseph Karl Friedrich (28 October 1800 – 12 February 1803), died in infancy.
746:
591:
567:
452:
321:
294:
2348:
784:, which he attended in person, Maximilian had to make further concessions to Austria, ceding
5399:
5283:
5173:
5083:
4922:
4821:
4806:
4655:
4604:
4524:
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4035:
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3135:
2683:
2521:
1087:
927:
865:
730:
651:
5278:
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5198:
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3152:
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789:
773:
710:
587:
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399:
67:
5545:
590:
chancellor, was for some time accommodated by Prince Maximilian. By the outbreak of the
396:
Maximilian Maria Michael John Baptist Francis of Paola Joseph Casper Ignatius Nepomucene
5557:
5469:
5459:
4992:
4831:
4695:
4494:
4246:
3590:
3570:
3560:
3520:
3393:
3143:
1076:("Elise") (13 November 1801 – 14 December 1873) twin sister of Amalie Auguste. Married
750:
630:
622:
559:
551:
520:
488:
58:
31:
685:'s German allies, the relationship cemented by the marriage of his eldest daughter to
404:
Maximilian Maria Michael Johann Baptist Franz von Paula Joseph Caspar Ignatius Nepomuk
5581:
5033:
3737:
3595:
3525:
3320:
3232:
2542:
2423:
2418:
702:
646:
634:
571:
1023:
Princess Amalie Marie Auguste (9 October 1790 – 24 January 1794), died in childhood.
868:
to be strictly enforced within his dominions. The suspects arrested by order of the
17:
3585:
3421:
2642:
531:
207:
2303:
5373:
5343:
5331:
5288:
5043:
2372:
1086:(13 November 1801 – 8 November 1877) twin sister of Elisabeth Ludovika. Married
914:
The city of Munich was extended by the first systematic expansion with the new
5058:
797:
714:
575:
535:
211:
2855:
2357:] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 94.
30:
This article is about the first king of Bavaria. For the seventeenth century
1060:
992:
698:
991:(14 April 1765 – 30 March 1796). They were married on 30 September 1785 in
5023:
785:
682:
674:
539:
2436:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 921.
1059:(13 July 1776 – 13 November 1841). They were married on 9 March 1797 in
903:
Monument of Maximilian I Joseph in front of the National Theatre, Munich
738:
563:
417:
2751:
3605:
1096:(27 January 1805 – 13 September 1877) twin sister of Sophie. Married
880:
864:" and his genuine popular sympathies prevented him from allowing the
694:
231:
926:
before the National Theatre was created in the middle of the square
3104:
3008:
1106:(27 January 1805 – 28 May 1872) twin sister of Marie Anna. Married
503:(as Maximilian I Joseph) from 1806 to 1825. He was a member of the
3336:
2417:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
959:
898:
822:
806:
724:
605:
645:
of Bavaria. The new elector, as Maximilian IV Joseph, found the
3340:
3108:
3012:
2859:
2755:
2605:
2689:
Evangelische Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte
602:
Duke of Zweibrücken and Elector of Bavaria and the Palatinate
804:
succession, in which he was also doomed to be disappointed.
2259:
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11. Countess Philippine Henriette of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
918:
as core. In 1810 Max Joseph ordered construction of the
741:
was the most important of the princes belonging to the
1176:
Christian II, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
2731:
List of Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich people
757:. The treaty was passionately backed by Crown Prince
1558:
Countess Palatine Elisabeth Auguste Sofie of Neuburg
1138:(21 July 1810 – 4 February 1821), died in childhood.
849:
ecclesiastical policy, signing on 24 October 1817 a
745:, and remained Napoleon's ally until the eve of the
5498:
5382:
5297:
5132:
5012:
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661:Maximilian's sympathy with France and the ideas of
658:, made the reconstruction of the army a priority.
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45:
883:, on 13 October 1825 and was succeeded by his son
614:On 1 April 1795, Maximilian succeeded his brother
2114:Elizabeth Augusta Sophie, Pfalzgräfin von Neuburg
1257:Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken
838:Federative Constitution of Germany (8 June 1815)
433:Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken
5536:England expects that every man will do his duty
1646:King Maximilian I Joseph's relation to Elector
5618:19th-century Prince-electors of the Palatinate
5613:18th-century Prince-electors of the Palatinate
985:Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt
3352:
3120:
3024:
2871:
2767:
2617:
2332:
1496:Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach
1029:(8 February 1792 – 9 February 1873), married
1002:(25 August 1786 – 29 February 1868), married
772:(3 June 1814), however, he returned Tyrol to
443:Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach
8:
2634:Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU)
1412:Theodore Eustace, Count Palatine of Sulzbach
1232:9. Countess Katharina Agathe of Rappoltstein
1202:Christian III, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken
1124:(30 August 1808 – 25 January 1892), married
930:as a memorial for King Maximilian Joseph by
1151:Ancestors of Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
887:. Maximilian is buried in the crypt of the
524:Frederick Michael of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
5009:
3649:
3437:
3359:
3345:
3337:
3127:
3113:
3105:
3031:
3017:
3009:
2878:
2864:
2856:
2774:
2760:
2752:
2624:
2610:
2602:
2450:House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
2440:
1642:
1470:Princess Maria Eleonore of Hesse-Rotenburg
1156:
1147:
922:in French neo-classic style. The monument
792:in return for the western part of the old
51:
42:
1438:Count Palatine Joseph Charles of Sulzbach
574:. From 1782 to 1789, he was stationed at
279:
2379:(1997 reprint ed.). London: Orion.
2287:
2263:
1293:Louis Crato, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken
1043:(7 July 1795 – 16 August 1875), married
1012:, (21 June 1788 – 13 May 1851), married
989:Prince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt
5633:Knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria
5603:18th-century prince-electors of Bavaria
2223:
1319:Countess Caroline of Nassau-Saarbrücken
5668:Burials at the Theatine Church, Munich
3682:Planned invasion of the United Kingdom
2275:
1511:
1391:
1387:
1377:
1272:
1165:
1161:
562:in 1776 and took service in 1777 as a
384:
5364:Spanish American wars of independence
2184:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2166:
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1988:
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1966:
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1932:
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1916:
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1896:
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1199:
1189:
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1169:
1136:Princess Maximiliana Josepha Karoline
483:; 27 May 1756 – 13 October 1825) was
283:
264:Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt
7:
1532:Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine
350:Elisabeth Ludovika, Queen of Prussia
340:Caroline Augusta, Empress of Austria
307:
5349:Franco-Swedish War (Pomeranian War)
2314:from the original on 22 August 2021
1104:Princess Sophie Friederike Dorothee
717:regions from the defeated Austria.
2662:Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital
788:and the regions of Innviertel and
25:
2078:Karl III Philip, Elector Palatine
2042:Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine
1126:Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria
570:. He rose rapidly to the rank of
423:Palatinate-Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
27:King of Bavaria from 1806 to 1825
5224:Frederick William III of Prussia
5204:Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly
2410:
2377:Metternich: Councillor of Europe
1954:Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria
1067:Stillborn son (5 September 1799)
1010:Princess Augusta Amalia Ludovika
462:
335:Augusta, Duchess of Leuchtenberg
36:Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria
5344:Russo-Swedish War (Finnish War)
5274:Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies
2679:Comprehensive Pneumology Center
2445:Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
1098:Frederick Augustus II of Saxony
1078:Frederick William IV of Prussia
964:The king's youngest daughters (
621:On 16 February 1799, he became
355:Amalie Auguste, Queen of Saxony
303:
275:
5653:Counts Palatine of Zweibrücken
5259:Prince Regent John of Portugal
5169:Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
5114:Frederick Augustus I of Saxony
5109:Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
2710:Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
2428:Maximilian I., king of Bavaria
2186:Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
1374:Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
1108:Archduke Franz Karl of Austria
1094:Princess Marie Anne Leopoldine
1041:Prince Karl Theodor Maximilian
1004:Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen
654:in France as a colonel in the
507:-Zweibrücken, a branch of the
505:House of Palatinate-Birkenfeld
360:Sophie, Archduchess of Austria
1:
5608:19th-century kings of Bavaria
5284:Prince Charles John of Sweden
1743:Charles III, Duke of Lorraine
1057:Margrave Karl Ludwig of Baden
1051:Maximilian's second wife was
667:Count Max Josef von Montgelas
641:line at the death of Elector
530:, was born on 27 May 1756 at
5663:Academy of Fine Arts, Munich
1130:Empress Elisabeth of Austria
1122:Princess Ludovika Wilhelmine
957:children by both marriages:
673:in May 1800 and moved it to
370:Ludovika, Duchess in Bavaria
5648:Counts Palatine of Sulzbach
1663:Francis I, Duke of Lorraine
1074:Princess Elisabeth Ludovika
1047:to Marie-Anne-Sophie Petin.
946:Fellow of the Royal Society
909:Academy of Fine Arts Munich
776:in exchange for the former
689:. His reward came with the
637:upon the extinction of the
627:Count Palatine of the Rhine
528:Maria Francisca of Sulzbach
519:Maximilian, the son of the
365:Maria Anna, Queen of Saxony
130:Count Palatine of the Rhine
5689:
5643:Counts Palatine of Neuburg
5119:Frederick I of Württemberg
3489:Confederation of the Rhine
2887:Electors of the Palatinate
2290:, p. 291 cites Baden
1590:Ludwika Karolina Radziwiłł
1505:
1389:
1266:
1163:
995:. They had five children:
811:Presentation medal of the
743:Confederation of the Rhine
707:War of the Fifth Coalition
499:) from 1799 to 1806, then
29:
5279:Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden
5269:William, Prince of Orange
5079:Pierre-Charles Villeneuve
3408:French Invasion of Russia
3374:
3046:
2893:
2789:
2705:Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria
2590:
2581:
2573:
2563:
2554:
2549:
2539:
2530:
2515:
2507:
2500:
2491:
2483:
2478:
2443:
2304:"Theatinerkirche München"
2207:List of rulers of Bavaria
2170:
2168:
2134:
2132:
2098:
2096:
2062:
2060:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2008:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1968:
1958:
1950:
1938:
1936:
1930:
1928:
1920:
1918:
1910:
1908:
1883:
1881:
1873:
1871:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1841:
1837:
1835:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1811:
1809:
1801:
1799:
1781:
1779:
1761:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1715:
1711:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1689:
1683:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1575:
1567:
1539:
1517:
1513:
1477:
1455:
1447:
1419:
1397:
1393:
1355:
1336:
1328:
1300:
1278:
1274:
1238:
1219:
1211:
1183:
1167:
1112:Franz Joseph I of Austria
1027:Princess Caroline Augusta
656:Royal Deux-Ponts Regiment
596:French Revolutionary Wars
578:. During his time at the
554:, who settled him in the
392:
383:
330:Ludwig I, King of Bavaria
50:
5623:People from Schwetzingen
5189:Archduke John of Austria
5184:Prince von Schwarzenberg
5029:Louis-Alexandre Berthier
2741:University of Ingolstadt
2150:Maria Francisca Sulzbach
1031:William I of Württemberg
671:University of Ingolstadt
580:University of Strasbourg
5124:Frederick VI of Denmark
5074:Jean-Baptiste Bessières
3864:Greater Poland uprising
3687:Duc d'Enghien Execution
2433:Encyclopædia Britannica
1648:Maximilian I of Bavaria
1084:Princess Amalie Auguste
944:He was elected a Royal
920:National Theatre Munich
778:Grand Duchy of Würzburg
5673:German Roman Catholics
5244:Ferdinand VII of Spain
3692:Coronation of Napoleon
2308:www.theatinerkirche.de
1116:Maximilian I of Mexico
980:
932:Christian Daniel Rauch
904:
828:
820:
734:
729:Max I Joseph, Bust by
611:
584:Klemens von Metternich
480:
403:
5531:Conference of Dresden
5440:Paris (February 1812)
5369:Swedish–Norwegian War
5194:Alexander I of Russia
2826:Maximilian III Joseph
2810:Maximilian II Emanuel
2726:Junior Year in Munich
1962:Maria Anna of Austria
1946:Elizabeth of Lorraine
1891:Maria Anna of Bavaria
1035:Francis II of Austria
1014:Eugène de Beauharnais
963:
939:Joseph von Fraunhofer
902:
826:
810:
800:in the matter of the
728:
687:Eugène de Beauharnais
609:
558:. He became Count of
5628:House of Wittelsbach
5485:Fontainebleau (1814)
5039:Louis-Nicolas Davout
3960:Invasion of Portugal
3051:Maximillian I Joseph
2458:House of Wittelsbach
2455:Cadet branch of the
1898:Magdalene of Bavaria
1765:William V of Bavaria
1675:Christina of Denmark
1018:Duke of Leuchtenberg
834:German Confederation
709:in 1809 he received
556:Hôtel des Deux-Ponts
509:House of Wittelsbach
497:Maximilian IV Joseph
481:Maximilian I. Joseph
375:Princess Maximiliana
282:; died
216:Electoral Palatinate
18:Maximilian IV Joseph
5511:Bourbon Restoration
5254:Maria I of Portugal
5239:Prince of Hohenlohe
5229:Gebhard von Blücher
4172:Neumarkt-Sankt Veit
3479:Swiss Confederation
3312:Grand Duchy of Berg
2783:Electors of Bavaria
2736:Munich Science Days
2494:Duke of Zweibrücken
1000:Ludwig I of Bavaria
983:His first wife was
952:Marriages and issue
875:Maximilian died at
851:concordat with Rome
813:Bavarian Parliament
691:Treaty of Pressburg
639:Palatinate-Sulzbach
633:of the Empire, and
487:from 1795 to 1799,
485:Duke of Zweibrücken
473:Maximilian I Joseph
345:Prince Karl Theodor
161:Duke of Zweibrücken
46:Maximilian I Joseph
5526:Continental System
5521:Congress of Erfurt
5445:Paris (March 1812)
5219:Peter Wittgenstein
5144:Duke of Wellington
5099:Prince Poniatowski
5064:Jean-de-Dieu Soult
5049:Auguste de Marmont
4444:Arroyo dos Molinos
4292:Walcheren Campaign
4282:Armistice of Znaim
4177:Dalmatian Campaign
4102:Tyrolean Rebellion
2988:Charles III Philip
2518:Elector of Bavaria
2292:History, iii, 506.
2212:History of Bavaria
1757:Renata of Lorraine
981:
924:Max-Joseph Denkmal
905:
877:Nymphenburg Palace
842:Congress of Vienna
829:
821:
782:Congress of Vienna
735:
612:
236:Kingdom of Bavaria
173: –
142: –
111: –
99:Elector of Bavaria
80: –
34:Maximilian I, see
5575:
5574:
5571:
5570:
5563:Types of military
5359:Russo-Turkish War
5354:Russo-Persian War
5322:Anglo-Turkish War
5317:Anglo-Swedish War
5312:Anglo-Spanish War
5307:Anglo-Russian War
5234:Duke of Brunswick
5137:political leaders
5017:political leaders
5001:
5000:
4006:Medina de Rioseco
3728:Haslach-Jungingen
3662:French Revolution
3639:
3638:
3422:Seventh Coalition
3334:
3333:
3302:Maximilian Joseph
3102:
3101:
3006:
3005:
2998:Maximilian Joseph
2853:
2852:
2749:
2748:
2658:Campus Innenstadt
2653:Campus Großhadern
2600:
2599:
2591:Succeeded by
2564:Succeeded by
2540:Succeeded by
2487:Charles II August
2395:"Library Catalog"
2386:978-1-85799-868-9
2198:
2197:
2194:
2193:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1053:Karoline of Baden
819:of 1818, obverse.
763:Marshal von Wrede
755:Napoleonic France
747:Battle of Leipzig
610:Maximilian Joseph
592:French Revolution
568:French Royal Army
470:
469:
453:Roman Catholicism
412:
411:
295:Caroline of Baden
185:Charles II August
16:(Redirected from
5680:
5638:Kings of Bavaria
5339:Dano-Swedish War
5327:Anglo-Danish War
5179:Archduke Charles
5094:Jérôme Bonaparte
5010:
4943:Castel di Sangro
4852:Fère-Champenoise
4505:García Hernández
4419:Fuentes de Oñoro
3935:Guttstadt-Deppen
3672:Second Coalition
3650:
3631:French Royalists
3438:
3387:Fourth Coalition
3361:
3354:
3347:
3338:
3297:Charles Theodore
3277:Wolfgang William
3136:Monarchs of Berg
3129:
3122:
3115:
3106:
3040:Kings of Bavaria
3033:
3026:
3019:
3010:
2993:Charles Theodore
2880:
2873:
2866:
2857:
2834:Charles Theodore
2776:
2769:
2762:
2753:
2684:Ducal Georgianum
2645:
2635:
2626:
2619:
2612:
2603:
2584:Duke of Salzburg
2574:Preceded by
2522:Elector Palatine
2511:Charles Theodore
2508:Preceded by
2484:Preceded by
2474:
2467:
2441:
2437:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2390:
2359:
2358:
2345:
2339:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2300:
2294:
2285:
2279:
2273:
2267:
2261:
1655:
1654:
1643:
1157:
1148:
1088:John I of Saxony
928:Max-Joseph-Platz
916:Brienner Strasse
870:Mainz Commission
866:Carlsbad Decrees
737:The new King of
731:Ernst von Bandel
643:Charles Theodore
466:
385:
311:
309:
305:
287:
285:
281:
277:
228:
212:Heidelberg-Kreis
204:
202:
176:
172:
154:Charles Theodore
145:
141:
140:16 February 1799
123:Charles Theodore
114:
110:
109:16 February 1799
83:
79:
55:
43:
21:
5688:
5687:
5683:
5682:
5681:
5679:
5678:
5677:
5658:Dukes of Jülich
5578:
5577:
5576:
5567:
5494:
5378:
5299:
5293:
5249:Miguel de Álava
5214:Pyotr Bagration
5209:Count Bennigsen
5199:Mikhail Kutuzov
5164:Thomas Cochrane
5136:
5134:
5128:
5089:Louis Bonaparte
5016:
5014:
5013:French and ally
4997:
4881:
4797:Château-Thierry
4760:
4624:
4595:Maloyaroslavets
4453:
4367:
4321:
4112:Yevenes/Yébenes
4070:
3986:Rosily Squadron
3964:
3888:
3854:Waren-Nossentin
3782:
3713:Cape Finisterre
3696:
3667:First Coalition
3645:
3635:
3542:
3535:
3446:
3442:
3433:
3427:
3415:Sixth Coalition
3401:Fifth Coalition
3380:Third Coalition
3370:
3368:Napoleonic Wars
3365:
3335:
3330:
3306:
3287:John William II
3227:
3138:
3133:
3103:
3098:
3042:
3037:
3007:
3002:
2968:Charles I Louis
2889:
2884:
2854:
2849:
2802:Ferdinand Maria
2785:
2780:
2750:
2745:
2714:
2693:
2667:
2643:
2637:
2633:
2630:
2596:
2587:
2579:
2569:
2560:
2557:King of Bavaria
2545:
2536:
2525:
2520:
2513:
2497:
2489:
2473:13 October 1825
2468:
2462:
2461:
2453:
2446:
2426:, ed. (1911). "
2422:
2411:
2409:
2400:
2398:
2397:. Royal Society
2393:
2387:
2371:
2368:
2363:
2362:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2331:
2327:
2317:
2315:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2286:
2282:
2274:
2270:
2262:
2225:
2220:
2203:
1641:
1636:
1145:
954:
897:
895:Cultural legacy
889:Theatine Church
790:Hausruckviertel
770:Treaty of Paris
723:
721:King of Bavaria
625:of Bavaria and
604:
517:
501:King of Bavaria
408:
379:
316:
313:
301:
297:
289:
273:
269:
266:
250:
247:Theatinerkirche
230:
226:
225:13 October 1825
206:
200:
198:
174:
170:
143:
139:
112:
108:
82:13 October 1825
81:
77:
68:King of Bavaria
62:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5686:
5684:
5676:
5675:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5655:
5650:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5580:
5579:
5573:
5572:
5569:
5568:
5566:
5565:
5560:
5558:Longwood House
5555:
5554:
5553:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5502:
5500:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5386:
5384:
5380:
5379:
5377:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5335:
5334:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5303:
5301:
5295:
5294:
5292:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5264:Count of Feira
5261:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5159:Horatio Nelson
5156:
5151:
5146:
5140:
5138:
5130:
5129:
5127:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5069:Marshal Victor
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5020:
5018:
5007:
5003:
5002:
4999:
4998:
4996:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4889:
4887:
4883:
4882:
4880:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4847:Arcis-sur-Aube
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4768:
4766:
4762:
4761:
4759:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4632:
4630:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4590:Venta del Pozo
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4465:Ciudad Rodrigo
4461:
4459:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4375:
4373:
4369:
4368:
4366:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4343:Ciudad Rodrigo
4340:
4335:
4329:
4327:
4323:
4322:
4320:
4319:
4317:Alba de Tormes
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4217:Aspern-Essling
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4078:
4076:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3972:
3970:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3896:
3894:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3819:Jena–Auerstedt
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3790:
3788:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3704:
3702:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3658:
3656:
3647:
3641:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3591:Ottoman Empire
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3551:United Kingdom
3547:
3545:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3521:Ottoman Empire
3518:
3516:Denmark–Norway
3513:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3459:Polish Legions
3456:
3450:
3448:
3435:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3394:Peninsular War
3390:
3383:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3366:
3364:
3363:
3356:
3349:
3341:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3328:
3323:
3317:
3315:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3292:Charles Philip
3289:
3284:
3282:Philip William
3279:
3274:
3272:John William I
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3238:
3236:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3149:
3147:
3144:County of Berg
3140:
3139:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3124:
3117:
3109:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3088:
3080:
3072:
3064:
3056:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3038:
3036:
3035:
3028:
3021:
3013:
3004:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2978:Philip William
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2883:
2882:
2875:
2868:
2860:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2842:Maximillian IV
2839:
2831:
2823:
2818:Charles Albert
2815:
2807:
2799:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2771:
2764:
2756:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2701:
2699:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2675:
2673:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2655:
2649:
2647:
2639:
2638:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2606:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2589:
2580:
2575:
2571:
2570:
2565:
2562:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2538:
2528:
2527:
2514:
2509:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2490:
2485:
2481:
2480:
2479:Regnal titles
2476:
2475:
2454:
2447:
2444:
2439:
2438:
2424:Chisholm, Hugh
2407:
2391:
2385:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2340:
2325:
2295:
2280:
2268:
2266:, p. 291.
2222:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1959:
1957:
1951:
1949:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1895:
1893:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1762:
1760:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1660:
1658:
1651:
1650:
1640:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1253:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1153:
1152:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1139:
1133:
1119:
1101:
1091:
1081:
1071:
1068:
1055:, daughter of
1049:
1048:
1045:morganatically
1038:
1024:
1021:
1007:
987:, daughter of
953:
950:
896:
893:
751:Treaty of Ried
749:, when by the
722:
719:
603:
600:
521:Count Palatine
516:
513:
489:prince-elector
468:
467:
460:
456:
455:
450:
446:
445:
440:
436:
435:
430:
426:
425:
420:
414:
413:
410:
409:
407:
406:
397:
393:
390:
389:
381:
380:
378:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
326:
324:
318:
317:
315:
314:
299:
293:
292:
290:
271:
267:
262:
261:
258:
256:
252:
251:
245:
243:
239:
238:
229:(aged 69)
223:
219:
218:
196:
192:
191:
188:
187:
182:
178:
177:
175:1 January 1806
168:
164:
163:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
144:1 January 1806
137:
133:
132:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
106:
102:
101:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
78:1 January 1806
75:
71:
70:
64:
63:
59:Joseph Stieler
56:
48:
47:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5685:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5588:House of Berg
5586:
5585:
5583:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5552:
5549:
5548:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5503:
5501:
5499:Miscellaneous
5497:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5387:
5385:
5381:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5333:
5330:
5329:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5304:
5302:
5296:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5174:Manuel Lapeña
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5141:
5139:
5131:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5104:Prince Eugène
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5054:André Masséna
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5034:Joachim Murat
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5021:
5019:
5011:
5008:
5004:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4978:Rocheserviere
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4888:
4884:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4763:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4666:San Sebastián
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4631:
4627:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4456:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4376:
4374:
4370:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4324:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4227:Sankt Michael
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4142:Teugen-Hausen
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4073:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3967:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3891:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3699:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3657:
3655:
3651:
3648:
3642:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3544:
3538:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3445:
3444:client states
3439:
3436:
3430:
3424:
3423:
3419:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3410:
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3405:
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3258:
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3248:
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3237:
3234:
3233:Duchy of Berg
3230:
3224:
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3211:
3209:
3206:
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3201:
3199:
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3067:Maximilian II
3065:
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2948:Frederick III
2946:
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2548:
2544:
2543:Joachim Murat
2535:
2534:
2529:
2524:
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2519:
2512:
2506:
2503:
2496:
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2465:
2460:
2459:
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2420:
2419:public domain
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2334:Royal Society
2329:
2326:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2288:Chisholm 1911
2284:
2281:
2278:, pp. 10
2277:
2272:
2269:
2265:
2264:Chisholm 1911
2260:
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2065:
2049:
2047:
2043:
2031:
2028:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2006:
1992:
1990:
1979:
1973:
1964:1610–1655 (2)
1963:
1955:
1948:1574–1635 (1)
1947:
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1941:
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867:
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862:particularism
859:
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839:
835:
825:
818:
814:
809:
805:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
768:By the first
766:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
732:
727:
720:
718:
716:
712:
708:
704:
703:Joachim Murat
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
678:
676:
672:
668:
664:
663:enlightenment
659:
657:
653:
652:Ancien Régime
648:
647:Bavarian army
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
619:
617:
608:
601:
599:
597:
593:
589:
586:, the future
585:
581:
577:
573:
572:major-general
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
543:
541:
537:
533:
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522:
514:
512:
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169:
165:
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158:
155:
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127:
124:
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117:
113:6 August 1806
107:
103:
100:
96:
93:
90:
86:
76:
72:
69:
65:
60:
54:
49:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
5546:Grande Armée
5506:Bibliography
5490:Paris (1815)
5450:Paris (1814)
5435:Paris (1810)
5415:Finckenstein
5390:Campo Formio
5149:Rowland Hill
5135:military and
5108:
5015:military and
4988:Rocquencourt
4857:Saint-Dizier
4827:Bar-sur-Aube
4782:Mincio River
4277:Schöngrabern
4056:2nd Zaragoza
3996:1st Zaragoza
3950:Stralsund II
3799:Campo Tenese
3773:Schöngrabern
3758:Cape Ortegal
3708:Diamond Rock
3586:Papal States
3420:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3392:
3385:
3378:
3301:
3188:Engelbert II
3093:
3085:
3077:
3069:
3061:
3053:
3050:
2997:
2983:John William
2958:Frederick IV
2938:Frederick II
2844:
2841:
2836:
2828:
2820:
2812:
2804:
2796:
2794:Maximilian I
2709:
2644:LMU Klinikum
2582:
2555:
2551:New creation
2550:
2533:Duke of Berg
2531:
2516:
2501:
2492:
2470:
2463:
2456:
2448:
2431:
2399:. Retrieved
2376:
2373:Palmer, Alan
2354:
2349:
2343:
2333:
2328:
2316:. Retrieved
2307:
2298:
2291:
2283:
2271:
2185:
1373:
1128:, mother of
1110:, mother of
1050:
982:
955:
943:
936:
923:
913:
906:
874:
855:
846:Federal diet
830:
817:constitution
767:
736:
705:. After the
681:faithful of
679:
660:
635:Duke of Berg
631:Arch-Steward
620:
613:
560:Rappoltstein
548:Christian IV
544:
532:Schwetzingen
518:
496:
472:
471:
227:(1825-10-13)
208:Schwetzingen
171:1 April 1795
57:Portrait by
40:
5598:1825 deaths
5593:1756 births
5374:War of 1812
5332:Gunboat War
5289:Louis XVIII
5044:Jean Lannes
4958:Quatre Bras
4948:San Germano
4898:Occhiobello
4787:Champaubert
4777:La Rothière
4701:San Marcial
4585:2nd Polotsk
4550:1st Polotsk
4535:Majadahonda
4475:Villagarcia
4404:Campo Maior
4192:Piave River
4117:Ciudad Real
4107:Villafranca
3976:Dos de Mayo
3925:Stralsund I
3677:18 Brumaire
3611:Netherlands
3509:Württemberg
3314:(1806–1813)
3267:William III
3235:(1380–1806)
3178:Engelbert I
3146:(1071–1380)
3094:(1913–1918)
3086:(1886–1913)
3078:(1864–1886)
3070:(1848–1864)
3062:(1825–1848)
3054:(1805–1825)
2963:Frederick V
2923:Frederick I
2845:(1799–1805)
2837:(1777–1799)
2829:(1745–1777)
2821:(1726–1745)
2813:(1679–1726)
2805:(1651–1679)
2797:(1623–1651)
2466:27 May 1756
2276:Palmer 1972
1639:Family tree
1033:, and then
891:in Munich.
552:Zweibrücken
205:28 May 1756
181:Predecessor
150:Predecessor
119:Predecessor
5582:Categories
5516:Casualties
5430:Schönbrunn
5405:Artlenburg
5154:John Moore
5059:Michel Ney
4928:Scapezzano
4918:Cesenatico
4862:Montmartre
4792:Montmirail
4726:Wartenburg
4681:Großbeeren
4540:Gorodechno
4530:Klyastitsy
4510:Saltanovka
4399:Casal Novo
4272:Hollabrunn
4257:Korneuburg
4051:Somosierra
3955:Copenhagen
3778:Austerlitz
3768:Dürenstein
3504:Westphalia
3447:and allies
3257:William IV
3242:William II
3223:William II
3218:Gerhard VI
3203:Adolf VIII
3091:Ludwig III
2973:Charles II
2943:Otto Henry
2908:Rupert III
2672:Facilities
2588:1810–1816
2561:1806–1825
2537:1799–1806
2526:1799–1806
2502:Abolished
2498:1795–1825
2366:References
966:Marie Anne
858:parliament
798:Metternich
794:Palatinate
715:Innviertel
616:Charles II
576:Strasbourg
536:Heidelberg
534:, between
515:Early life
201:1756-05-28
5480:Casalanza
5455:Tauroggen
5410:Pressburg
5395:Lunéville
5300:conflicts
5133:Coalition
4983:La Suffel
4933:Tolentino
4817:Montereau
4802:Vauchamps
4751:Bornhöved
4706:Dennewitz
4651:Tarragona
4600:Chashniki
4500:Salamanca
4424:Tarragona
4348:Barquilla
4302:Almonacid
4262:Stockerau
4232:Stralsund
4202:2nd Porto
4182:Ebelsberg
4152:Abensberg
4122:1st Porto
4082:Castellón
4066:Benavente
4031:Valmaseda
3945:Friedland
3940:Heilsberg
3910:Ostrołęka
3900:Mohrungen
3834:Magdeburg
3763:Amstetten
3748:Trafalgar
3733:Elchingen
3718:Wertingen
3616:Brunswick
3541:Coalition
3321:Joachim I
3252:Gerhard I
3208:William I
3198:Adolf VII
3163:Adolf III
3075:Ludwig II
2913:Louis III
2903:Rupert II
2401:14 August
2318:22 August
2188:1756–1825
2152:1724–1794
2116:1693–1728
2080:1661–1742
2044:1615–1690
1956:1573–1651
1900:1587–1628
1767:1548–1626
1759:1544–1602
1745:1543–1608
1677:1522–1590
1665:1517–1545
1061:Karlsruhe
993:Darmstadt
948:in 1802.
780:. At the
699:Franconia
459:Signature
88:Successor
5551:Uniforms
5465:Chaumont
5383:Treaties
5084:Joseph I
5024:Napoleon
4968:Waterloo
4908:Casaglia
4872:Toulouse
4756:Sehested
4731:Bidassoa
4711:2nd Kulm
4696:1st Kulm
4686:Katzbach
4676:Sorauren
4671:Pyrenees
4636:Castalla
4620:Berezina
4610:Smoliani
4580:Tarutino
4565:Borodino
4555:Valutino
4545:Smolensk
4515:Ostrovno
4485:Maguilla
4449:Valencia
4439:Saguntum
4287:Talavera
4167:Ratisbon
4157:Landshut
4132:Bergisel
4127:Medellín
4041:Espinosa
4001:Valencia
3874:Czarnowo
3844:Pasewalk
3839:Prenzlau
3814:Saalfeld
3753:Caldiero
3723:Günzburg
3601:Sardinia
3576:Portugal
3262:John III
3213:Adolf IX
3183:Adolf VI
3168:Adolf IV
3158:Adolf II
3059:Ludwig I
2953:Louis VI
2918:Louis IV
2898:Rupert I
2567:Ludwig I
2375:(1972).
2312:Archived
2201:See also
1143:Ancestry
974:Ludovika
885:Ludwig I
856:The new
832:the new
786:Salzburg
683:Napoleon
675:Landshut
588:Austrian
540:Mannheim
449:Religion
249:, Munich
92:Ludwig I
5298:Related
4877:Bayonne
4842:Craonne
4812:Mormant
4772:Brienne
4746:Nivelle
4736:Leipzig
4691:Dresden
4661:Vitoria
4646:Bautzen
4615:Krasnoi
4560:Mesoten
4520:Vitebsk
4480:Almaraz
4470:Badajoz
4429:Albuera
4414:Almeida
4409:Sabugal
4394:Redinha
4384:Barrosa
4363:Bussaco
4358:Almeida
4338:Astorga
4307:Tamames
4267:Gefrees
4222:Alcañiz
4162:Eckmühl
4092:Corunna
4061:Sahagún
4026:Zornoza
4021:Vimeiro
3991:Cabezón
3915:Kolberg
3884:Pułtusk
3879:Golymin
3869:Hamelin
3849:Stettin
3809:Schleiz
3654:Prelude
3646:battles
3621:Hanover
3566:Prussia
3556:Austria
3494:Bavaria
3474:Etruria
3469:Holland
3441:France,
3434:gerents
3326:Louis I
3193:Henry I
3173:Adolf V
3153:Adolf I
2933:Louis V
2719:Related
2594:Francis
2577:Francis
2421::
978:Stieler
840:of the
774:Austria
761:and by
739:Bavaria
623:Elector
566:in the
564:colonel
493:Bavaria
312:
300:
288:
272:
268:
32:Elector
5475:Mantua
5425:Cintra
5420:Tilsit
5400:Amiens
4938:Ancona
4923:Pesaro
4893:Panaro
4822:Orthez
4807:Garris
4721:Roßlau
4716:Göhrde
4656:Luckau
4641:Lützen
4605:Vyazma
4575:Burgos
4570:Moscow
4525:Kobryn
4434:Usagre
4389:Pombal
4379:Gebora
4252:Wagram
4212:Tarvis
4187:Girona
4147:Raszyn
4137:Sacile
4046:Tudela
4036:Burgos
4016:Roliça
4011:Bailén
3930:Mileto
3920:Danzig
3859:Lübeck
3824:Erfurt
3743:Verona
3626:Nassau
3606:Sweden
3596:Persia
3581:Sicily
3561:Russia
3543:forces
3526:Persia
3499:Saxony
3484:Naples
3454:France
3432:Belli-
2928:Philip
2698:People
2469:
2415:
2383:
970:Sophie
881:Munich
836:. The
759:Ludwig
733:(1826)
695:Swabia
477:German
439:Mother
429:Father
400:German
306:
278:
255:Spouse
242:Burial
232:Munich
61:, 1822
5541:Films
4973:Wavre
4963:Ligny
4953:Gaeta
4913:Ronco
4903:Carpi
4867:Paris
4837:Reims
4741:Hanau
4333:Cádiz
4312:Ocaña
4297:Ölper
4242:María
4207:Wörgl
4197:Grijó
4097:Valls
4087:Uclés
3981:Bruch
3905:Eylau
3829:Halle
3804:Maida
3794:Gaeta
3644:Major
3571:Spain
3531:Spain
3464:Italy
3247:Adolf
2471:Died:
2464:Born:
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802:Baden
711:Tyrol
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105:Reign
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4765:1814
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4372:1811
4326:1810
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